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Lei L, Wang YT, Hu D, Gai C, Zhang Y. Astroglial Connexin 43-Mediated Gap Junctions and Hemichannels: Potential Antidepressant Mechanisms and the Link to Neuroinflammation. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:4023-4040. [PMID: 37875763 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Major depression disorder (MDD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder associated with a high suicide rate and a higher disability rate than any other disease. Evidence suggests that the pathological mechanism of MDD is related to astrocyte dysfunction. Depression is mainly associated with the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) and the function of Cx43-mediated gap junctions and hemichannels in astrocytes. Moreover, neuroinflammation has been a hotspot in research on the pathology of depression, and Cx43-mediated functions are thought to be involved in neuroinflammation-related depression. However, the specific mechanism of Cx43-mediated functions in neuroinflammation-related depression pathology remains unclear. Therefore, this review summarizes and discusses Cx43 expression, the role of gap junction intercellular communication, and its relationship with neuroinflammation in depression. This review also focuses on the effects of antidepressant drugs (e.g., monoamine antidepressants, psychotropic drugs, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists) on Cx43-mediated function and provides evidence for Cx43 as a novel target for the treatment of MDD. The pathogenesis of MDD is related to astrocyte dysfunction, with reduced Cx43 expression, GJ dysfunction, decreased GJIC and reduced BDNF expression in the depressed brain. The effect of Cx43 on neuroinflammation-related depression involving inflammatory cytokines, glutamate excitotoxicity, and HPA axis dysregulation. Antidepressant drugs targeting Cx43 can effectively relieve depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Die Hu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Cong Gai
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Li H, Guo A, Salgado M, Sáez JC, Lau CG. The connexin hemichannel inhibitor D4 produces rapid antidepressant-like effects in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:191. [PMID: 37599352 PMCID: PMC10440914 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common mood disorder characterized by a range of clinical symptoms, including prolonged low mood and diminished interest. Although many clinical and animal studies have provided significant insights into the pathophysiology of depression, current treatment strategies are not sufficient to manage this disorder. It has been suggested that connexin (Cx)-based hemichannels are candidates for depression intervention by modifying the state of neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant-like effect of a recently discovered selective Cx hemichannel inhibitor, a small organic molecule called D4. We first showed that D4 reduced hemichannel activity following systemic inflammation after LPS injections. Next, we found that D4 treatment prevented LPS-induced inflammatory response and depressive-like behaviors. These behavioral effects were accompanied by reduced astrocytic activation and hemichannel activity in depressive-like mice induced by repeated low-dose LPS challenges. D4 treatment also reverses depressive-like symptoms in mice subjected to chronic restraint stress (CRS). To test whether D4 broadly affected neural activity, we measured c-Fos expression in depression-related brain regions and found a reduction in c-Fos+ cells in different brain regions. D4 significantly normalized CRS-induced hypoactivation in several brain regions, including the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and lateral septum. Together, these results indicate that blocking Cx hemichannels using D4 can normalize neuronal activity and reduce depressive-like symptoms in mice by reducing neuroinflammation. Our work provides evidence of the antidepressant-like effect of D4 and supports glial Cx hemichannels as potential therapeutic targets for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anni Guo
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Magdiel Salgado
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2381850, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2381850, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Chunyue Geoffrey Lau
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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Zlomuzica A, Plank L, Kodzaga I, Dere E. A fatal alliance: Glial connexins, myelin pathology and mental disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 159:97-115. [PMID: 36701970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mature oligodendrocytes are myelin forming glial cells which are responsible for myelination of neuronal axons in the white matter of the central nervous system. Myelin pathology is a major feature of severe neurological disorders. Oligodendrocyte-specific gene mutations and/or white matter alterations have also been addressed in a variety of mental disorders. Breakdown of myelin integrity and demyelination is associated with severe symptoms, including impairments in motor coordination, breathing, dysarthria, perception (vision and hearing), and cognition. Furthermore, there is evidence indicating that myelin sheath defects and white matter pathology contributes to the affective and cognitive symptoms of patients with mental disorders. Oligodendrocytes express the connexins GJC2; mCx47 [human (GJC2) and mouse (mCx47) connexin gene nomenclature according to Söhl and Willecke (2003)], GJB1; mCx32, and GJD1; mCx29 in both white and gray matter. Preclinical findings indicate that alterations in connexin expression in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes can induce myelin defects. GJC2; mCx47 is expressed at early embryonic stages in oligodendrocyte precursors cells which precedes central nervous system myelination. In adult humans and animals GJC2, respectively mCx47 expression is essential for oligodendrocyte function and ensures adequate myelination as well as myelin maintenance in the central nervous system. In the past decade, evidence has accumulated suggesting that mental disorders can be accompanied by changes in connexin expression, myelin sheath defects and corresponding white matter alterations. This dual pathology could compromise inter-neuronal information transfer, processing and communication and eventually contribute to behavioral, sensory-motor, affective and cognitive symptoms in patients with mental disorders. The induction of myelin repair and remyelination in the central nervous system of patients with mental disorders could help to restore normal neuronal information propagation and ameliorate behavioral and cognitive symptoms in individuals with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zlomuzica
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Laurin Plank
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany
| | - Iris Kodzaga
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ekrem Dere
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany; Sorbonne Université, UFR des Sciences de la Vie, 9 quai Saint Bernard, F-75005, Paris, France.
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Jiang H, Zhang Y, Wang ZZ, Chen NH. Connexin 43: An Interface Connecting Neuroinflammation to Depression. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041820. [PMID: 36838809 PMCID: PMC9961786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading chronic mental illness worldwide, characterized by anhedonia, pessimism and even suicidal thoughts. Connexin 43 (Cx43), mainly distributed in astrocytes of the brain, is by far the most widely and ubiquitously expressed connexin in almost all vital organs. Cx43 forms gap junction channels in the brain, which mediate energy exchange and effectively maintain physiological homeostasis. Increasing evidence suggests the crucial role of Cx43 in the pathogenesis of MDD. Neuroinflammation is one of the most common pathological features of the central nervous system dysfunctions. Inflammatory factors are abnormally elevated in patients with depression and are closely related to nearly all links of depression. After activating the inflammatory pathway in the brain, the release and uptake of glutamate and adenosine triphosphate, through Cx43 in the synaptic cleft, would be affected. In this review, we have summarized the association between Cx43 and neuroinflammation, the cornerstones linking inflammation and depression, and Cx43 abnormalities in depression. We also discuss the significant association of Cx43 in inflammation and depression, which will help to explore new antidepressant drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical, Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical, Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-Z.W.); (N.-H.C.); Tel.: +86-10-6316-5182 (Z.-Z.W.); +86-10-63165177 (N.-H.C.)
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical, Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-Z.W.); (N.-H.C.); Tel.: +86-10-6316-5182 (Z.-Z.W.); +86-10-63165177 (N.-H.C.)
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He J, Li D, Wei J, Wang S, Chu S, Zhang Z, He F, Wei D, Li Y, Xie J, Lai K, Chen N, Wei G. Mahonia Alkaloids (MA) Ameliorate Depression Induced Gap Junction Dysfunction by miR-205/Cx43 Axis. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3761-3776. [PMID: 36222958 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Depression has become an important disease threatening human health. In recent years, the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in treating the disease has become increasingly prominent, so it is meaningful to find new antidepressant TCM. Mahonia fortune (Lindl.) Fedde is a primary drug in traditional formulas for the treatment of depression, and alkaloids are the main components of it. However, the detailed mechanism of Mahonia alkaloids (MA) on depression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MA on gap junction function in depression via the miR-205/Cx43 axis. The antidepressant effects of MA were observed by a rat model of reserpine-induced depression and a model of corticosterone (CORT)-induced astrocytes. The concentrations of neurotransmitters were measured by ELISA, the expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) protein was measured by Immunohistochemistry and western-blot, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) proteins were measured by western-blot, the pathological changes of prefrontal cortex were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the binding of miR-205 and Cx43. The regulation effect of Cx43 on CREB was verified by interference experiment. Gap junction dysfunction was detected by fluorescent yellow staining. The results confirmed that MA remarkably decreased miR-205 expression and increased Cx43, BDNF, CREB expression in depression rat and CORT-induced astrocytes. In addition, after overexpression of miR-205 in vitro, the decreased expression of Cx43, BDNF and CREB could be reversed by MA. Moreover, after interfering with Cx43, the decreased expression of CREB and BDNF could be reversed by MA. Thus, MA may ameliorate depressive behavior through CREB/BDNF pathway regulated by miR-205/Cx43 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui He
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- The Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Dongmei Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Jiaxiu Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Kedao Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Guining Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Tang C, Zhang Y, Zhai Z, Zhu X, Wang C, Yang G. Mechanism of Depression through Brain Function Imaging of Depression Patients and Normal People. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1125049. [PMID: 35047144 PMCID: PMC8763528 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1125049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, functional magnetic resonance technology has discovered that abnormal connections in different brain regions of the brain may serve as the pathophysiological mechanism of mental illness. Exploring the mechanism of information flow and integration between different brain regions is of great significance for understanding the pathophysiological mechanism of mental illness. This article aims to analyze the mechanism of depression by comparing human brain images of normal people and patients with depression and conduct research. Fluoxetine, a selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) widely used in clinical practice, can selectively inhibit 5-HT transporter and block the reuptake of 5-HT by the presynaptic membrane. The effect of 5-HT is prolonged and increased, thereby producing antidepressant effects. It has low affinity for adrenergic, histaminergic, and cholinergic receptors and has a weaker effect, resulting in fewer adverse reactions. This paper uses the comparative experiment method and the Welch method and uses the average shortest path length L to describe the average value of the shortest path length between two nodes in the network. Attention refers to the ability of a person's mental activity to point and to concentrate on something. Sustained attention means that attention is kept on a certain cognitive object or activity for a certain period of time, which is also called the stability of attention. The research on attention of depression patients generally focuses on continuous attention, and the results obtained show inconsistencies. Most studies have shown that the sustained attention of the depression group is significantly worse than that of the healthy control group. An overview of magnetic resonance imaging technology and an analysis of depression based on resting state were carried out. The key brain areas of the sample core network were scanned, and the ALFF results were analyzed. The data showed that the severity of depression in the depression group was negatively correlated with the ReHo value in the posterior left cerebellum (P=0.010). The sense of despair was negatively correlated with the ReHo value in the posterior right cerebellum (P=0.013). The diurnal variation was negatively correlated with the ReHo value of the left ring (P=0.014). It was positively correlated with the ReHo value of the left ventricle (P=0.048). This experiment has better completed the research on the mechanism of depression by analyzing the functional images of patients with depression and normal human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozhi Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Zihan Zhai
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453100, Henan, China
| | - Ganggang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
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Zheng QL, Zhu HY, Xu X, Chu SF, Cui LY, Dong YX, Liu YJ, Zhan JH, Wang ZZ, Chen NH. Korean red ginseng alleviate depressive disorder by improving astrocyte gap junction function. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114466. [PMID: 34332064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Korean red ginseng (KRG), a processed product of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey, show significant anti-depressive effect in clinic. However, its mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) dysfunction is a potential pathogenesis of depression. Therefore, this study's objective is to investigate whether the antidepressant effect of KRG is related to GJIC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat were restraint 8 h every day for 28 consecutive days to prepare depression models, and meanwhile, rats were intragastrically administrated with normal saline, KRG solutions (25, 50 or 100 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) 1 h before stress. The behavioral performance was determined by forced swimming test, sucrose preference test and open field test. GJIC was determined by the Lucifer yellow (LY) diffusion distance in prelimb cortex (PLC). In addition, the level of Cx43, one of executors of GJIC, was tested by Western blot. To find out the protective effect of KRG against GJIC dysfunction directly, rats were intracranially injected with carbenoxolone (CBX, blocker of GJIC), and meanwhile normal saline, KRG (100 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) was administered daily. The behavioral performance of these rats was detected, and the LY localization injection PLC area was used to detect the gap junction function. RESULTS Chronic resistant stress (CRS) induced depressive symptoms, as manifested by prolonged immobility time in forced swimming test and decreased sucrose consumption ratio. Administration of KRG alleviated these depressive symptoms significantly. GJIC determination showed that KRG improved the LY diffusion and increased Cx43 level in prefrontal cortex (PFC) significantly, indicated that GJIC dysfunction was alleviated by the treatment of KRG. However, the astrocytes number was also increased by the treatment of KRG, which maybe alleviate depression-like symptoms by increasing the number of astrocytes rather than improving GJIC. Injection of CBX produced depressive symptoms and GJIC dysfunction, as manifested by decreased sucrose consumption ratio and prolonged immobility time in forced swimming test, but no astrocytes number changes, KRG also reversed depressive symptoms and GJIC dysfunction, suggested that the improvement of depressive-like symptoms was improved by GJIC. CONCLUSIONS KRG alleviate depressive disorder by improving astrocytic gap junction function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lian Zheng
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation (IBRR), South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Hao-Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation (IBRR), South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Shi-Feng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Li-Yuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yi-Xiao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Ying-Jiao Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha 410208 Hunan, China.
| | - Jia-Hong Zhan
- DME Center, Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation (IBRR), South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510631, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha 410208 Hunan, China; DME Center, Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Wang HQ, Yang SW, Gao Y, Liu YJ, Li X, Ai QD, Lin MY, Yang YT, Zeng Q, Zhang Y, Wang ZZ, Chen NH. Novel antidepressant mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1: Regulating biosynthesis and degradation of connexin43. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114212. [PMID: 34087399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a valuable medicinal herb and "alternative" remedy for the prevention and treatment of depression. Dysfunction of connexin43 (Cx43)-gap junction in astrocytes is predisposed to the precipitation of depression. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), the main bioactive constituent extracted from ginseng, is efficacious in the management of depression by upregulating the content of Cx43. Our previous results indicated that pretreatment with Rg1 significantly improved Cx43-gap junction in corticosterone (CORT)-treated astrocytes. However, the antidepressant mechanism underlying how Rg1 upregulates Cx43-gap junction in astrocytes hasn't been proposed. AIM OF THE STUDY To dissect the mechanisms of Rg1 controlling Cx43 levels in primary astrocytes. METHODS We examined the changes of the level of Cx43 mRNA, the degradation of Cx43, as well as the ubiquitin-proteasomal and autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathways of Cx43 followed by Rg1 prior to CORT in rat primary astrocytes isolated from prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, the recognized method of scrape loading/dye transfer was performed to detect Cx43-gap junctional function, an essencial indicator of the antidepressant effect. RESULTS Pretreatment with Rg1 could reverse CORT-induced downregulation of Cx43 biosynthesis, acceleration of Cx43 degradation, and upregulation of two Cx43 degradation pathways in primary astrocytes. CONCLUSION The findings in the present study provide the first evidence highlighting that Rg1 increases Cx43 protein levels through the upregulation of Cx43 mRNA and downregulation of Cx43 degradation, which may be attributed to the effect of Rg1 on the ubiquitin-proteasomal and autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathways of Cx43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qin Wang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Song-Wei Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ying-Jiao Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Xun Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Qi-Di Ai
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Mei-Yu Lin
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Tao Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Distinct Effects of Escitalopram and Vortioxetine on Astroglial L-Glutamate Release Associated with Connexin43. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810013. [PMID: 34576176 PMCID: PMC8468507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been established that enhancement of serotonergic transmission contributes to improvement of major depression; however, several post-mortem studies and experimental depression rodent models suggest that functional abnormalities of astrocytes play important roles in the pathomechanisms/pathophysiology of mood disorders. Direct effects of serotonin (5-HT) transporter inhibiting antidepressants on astroglial transmission systems has never been assessed in this context. Therefore, to explore the effects of antidepressants on transmission associated with astrocytes, the present study determined the effects of the selective 5-HT transporter inhibitor, escitalopram, and the 5-HT partial agonist reuptake inhibitor, vortioxetine, on astroglial L-glutamate release through activated hemichannels, and the expression of connexin43 (Cx43), type 1A (5-HT1AR) and type 7 (5-HT7R) 5-HT receptor subtypes, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in astrocytes using primary cultured rat cortical astrocytes in a 5-HT-free environment. Both escitalopram and 5-HT1AR antagonist (WAY100635) did not affect basal astroglial L-glutamate release or L-glutamate release through activated hemichannels. Subchronic (for seven days) administrations of vortioxetine and the 5-HT7R inverse agonist (SB269970) suppressed both basal L-glutamate release and L-glutamate release through activated hemichannels, whereas 5-HT1AR agonist (BP554) inhibited L-glutamate release through activated hemichannels, but did not affect basal L-glutamate release. In particular, WAY100635 did not affect the inhibitory effects of vortioxetine on L-glutamate release. Subchronic administration of vortioxetine, BP554 and SB269970 downregulated 5-HT1AR, 5-HT7R and phosphorylated ERK in the plasma membrane fraction, but escitalopram and WAY100635 did not affect them. Subchronic administration of SB269970 decreased Cx43 expression in the plasma membrane but did not affect the cytosol; however, subchronic administration of BP554 increased Cx43 expression in the cytosol but did not affect the plasma membrane. Subchronic vortioxetine administration increased Cx43 expression in the cytosol and decreased it in the plasma membrane. WAY100635 prevented an increased Cx43 expression in the cytosol induced by vortioxetine without affecting the reduced Cx43 expression in the plasma membrane. These results suggest that 5-HT1AR downregulation probably increases Cx43 synthesis, but 5-HT7R downregulation suppresses Cx43 trafficking to the plasma membrane. These results also suggest that the subchronic administration of therapeutic-relevant concentrations of vortioxetine inhibits both astroglial L-glutamate and Cx43 expression in the plasma membrane via 5-HT7R downregulation but enhances Cx43 synthesis in the cytosol via 5-HT1AR downregulation. This combination of the downregulation of 5-HT1AR, 5-HT7R and Cx43 in the astroglial plasma membrane induced by subchronic vortioxetine administration suggest that astrocytes is possibly involved in the pathophysiology of depression.
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Portal B, Guiard BP. [Role of astrocytic connexins in the regulation of extracellular glutamate levels: implication for the treatment of major depressive episodes]. Biol Aujourdhui 2020; 214:71-83. [PMID: 33357364 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Major depression is a psychiatric disorder relying on different neurobiological mechanisms. In particular, a hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis leading to an excess of cortisol in blood and a deficit in monoaminergic neurotransmission have been associated with mood disorders. In keeping with these mechanisms, currently available antidepressant drugs act by increasing the extracellular levels of monoamines in the synaptic cleft. Since the discovery of the rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, a growing attention in psychiatry is paid to the pharmacological tools able to attenuate glutamatergic neurotransmission. Astrocytes play an important role in the excitatory/inhibitory balance of the central nervous system through the regulation of glutamate reuptake and secretion. Interestingly, the release of this excitatory amino acid is controlled, at least in part, by plasma membrane proteins (i.e. connexins) that cluster together to form gap junctions or hemichannels. Preclinical evidence suggests that these functional entities play a critical role in emotional behaviour. After a brief overview of the literature on mood disorders and related treatments, this review describes the role of astrocytes and connexins in glutamatergic neurotransmission and major depression. Moreover, we highlight the arguments supporting the therapeutic potential of connexins blockers but also the practical difficulties to target the hemichannels while maintaining gap junctions intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Portal
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno P Guiard
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31000 Toulouse, France
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11
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Molecular Mechanisms of Glial Cells Related Signaling Pathways Involved in the Neuroinflammatory Response of Depression. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:3497920. [PMID: 33100903 PMCID: PMC7569467 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3497920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the glial cells, such as astrocytes and microglia, is one of the pathological features in many psychiatric disorders, including depression, which emphasizes that glial cells driving neuroinflammation is not only an important pathological change in depression but also a potential therapeutic target. In this review, we summarized a recent update about several signaling pathways in which glial cells may play their roles in depression through neuroinflammatory reactions. We focused on the basic knowledge of these signaling pathways by elaborating each of them. This review may provide an updated image about the recent advances on these signaling pathways that are essential parts of neuroinflammation involved in depression.
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Connexin 43: A novel ginsenoside Rg1-sensitive target in a rat model of depression. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Glucocorticoids negatively regulates chaperone mediated autophagy and microautophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 528:199-205. [PMID: 32487317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are released from the adrenal cortex and are important for regulating various physiological functions. However, a persistent increase in glucocorticoids due to chronic stress causes various dysfunctions in the central nervous system which can lead to mental disorders such as depression. Macroautophagy, one of the pathways of the autophagy-lysosome protein degradation system, is dysregulated in psychiatric disorders, implicating a disturbance of protein degradation in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. In the present study, we investigated whether glucocorticoids affect the activity of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and microautophagy (mA), the other two pathways of the autophagy-lysosome system. Treatment of human-derived AD293 cells and primary cultured rat cortical neurons with dexamethasone, a potent glucocorticoid receptor agonist, and endogenous glucocorticoids decreased both CMA and mA activities. However, this decrease was significantly suppressed by treatment with RU-486, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist. In addition, dexamethasone significantly decreased lysosomal Hsc70. These findings suggest that glucocorticoids negatively regulate CMA and mA in a glucocorticoid receptor-dependent manner, and provide evidence for CMA and mA as novel therapeutic targets for depression.
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Cellular mechanisms and molecular signaling pathways in stress-induced anxiety, depression, and blood-brain barrier inflammation and leakage. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:643-665. [PMID: 32333258 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are comorbid conditions in many neurological or psychopathological disorders. Stress is an underlying event that triggers development of anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. Recent experimental data indicate that anxiety and depressive-like behaviors occurring as a result of stressful situations can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, which is characterized by inflammation and leakage. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. This paper sought to review recent experimental preclinical and clinical data that suggest possible molecular mechanisms involved in development of stress-induced anxiety and depression with associated BBB inflammation and leakage. Critical therapeutic targets and potential pharmacological candidates for treatment of stress-induced anxiety and depression with associated BBB dysfunctions are also discussed.
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Wang T, Bai S, Wang W, Chen Z, Chen J, Liang Z, Qi X, Shen H, Xie P. Diterpene Ginkgolides Exert an Antidepressant Effect Through the NT3-TrkA and Ras-MAPK Pathways. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:1279-1294. [PMID: 32308365 PMCID: PMC7132272 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s229145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Depression is a highly prevalent mental illness that severely impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Our recent studies demonstrated that diterpene ginkgolides (DG) have antidepressant effects in mice. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remained much unclear. Methods In this study, we assessed the antidepressant effects of chronic DG therapy in rats by evaluating depression-related behaviors, we also examined potential side effects using biochemical indicators. Furthermore, we performed an in-depth molecular network analysis of gene–protein–metabolite interactions on the basis of metabolomics. Results Chronic DG treatment significantly ameliorated the depressive-like behavioral phenotype. Furthermore, the neurotrophin signaling-related NT3-TrkA and Ras-MAPK pathways may play an important role in the antidepressant effect of DG in the hippocampus. Conclusion These findings provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant action of DG, and should help advance the development of new therapeutic strategies for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunjie Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihong Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xunzhong Qi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Huang N, Wang Y, Zhan G, Yu F, Li S, Hua D, Jiang R, Li S, Wu Y, Yang L, Zhu B, Hua F, Luo A, Yang C. Contribution of skeletal muscular glycine to rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine in an inflammation-induced mouse model of depression. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:3513-3523. [PMID: 31321459 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05319-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Basic and clinical studies have reported rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects of ketamine. Although previous studies have proposed several mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine, these mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. OBJECTIVES The present study evaluated the effects of systemically administered ketamine treatment in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of depression. METHODS Non-targeted metabolomics, western blotting, and behavioral tests (locomotion, tail suspension, and forced swimming tests) were performed. RESULT Ketamine significantly attenuated the abnormally increased immobility time in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of depression. Aminomalonic acid, glutaraldehyde, glycine, histidine, N-methyl-L-glutamic acid, and ribose levels in skeletal muscle were altered following ketamine administration. Furthermore, ketamine significantly decreased the LPS-induced increase in glycine receptor A1 (GlyA1) levels. However, the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine did not elicit any pharmacological effects on ketamine-induced alterations in behaviors or muscular GlyA1 levels. Exogenous glycine and L-serine significantly improved depression-like symptoms in LPS-induced mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that skeletal muscular glycine contributes to the antidepressant effects of ketamine in inflammation. Effective strategies for improving skeletal muscular glycine levels may be a novel approach to depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niannian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dongyu Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Riyue Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yeshun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Ailin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Huang D, Li C, Zhang W, Qin J, Jiang W, Hu C. Dysfunction of astrocytic connexins 30 and 43 in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus mediates depressive-like behaviours. Behav Brain Res 2019; 372:111950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Liu YY, Hu D, Fan QQ, Zhang XH, Zhu YC, Ni MY, Wang YM, Zhang LK, Sheng L. Mechanism of Chaihu Shugan Powder () for Treating Depression Based on Network Pharmacology. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 26:921-928. [PMID: 31630361 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-3172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effective components of Chinese medicine (CM) contained in Chaihu Shugan Powder (, CSP) in the treatment of depressive disorders and to predict its anti-depressant mechanism by network pharmacology. METHODS Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity calculation method was used to screen the active components of CSP. Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacological Database Analysis Platform and text mining tool (GoPuMed database) were used to predict and screen the active ingredients of CSP and anti-depressive targets. Through Genetic Association Database, Therapeutic Target Database, and PharmGkb database targets for depression were obtained. Cytoscape3.2.1 software was used to establish a network map of the active ingredients-targets of CSP, and to analyze gene function and metabolic pathways through Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery and the Omicshare database. RESULTS The 121 active ingredients and 15 depression-related targets which were screened from the database can exert antidepressant effects by improving the neural plasticity, growth, transfer condition and gene expression of neuronal cell, and the raise of the expression of gap junction protein. The 15 targets passed 14 metabolic pathways, mainly involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters (5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine and epinephrine), inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, calcium signaling pathway, cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and other signal channels to exert anti-depressant effects. CONCLUSION This article reveals the possible mechanism of CSP in the treatment of depression through network pharmacology research, and lays a foundation for further target studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yue Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Qi-Qi Fan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Xiao-Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Miao-Yan Ni
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Yan-Ming Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Lan-Kun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China.
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