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Xu Y, Yang X, Xiong Q, Han J, Zhu Q. The dual role of p63 in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1116061. [PMID: 37182132 PMCID: PMC10174455 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53 family is made up of three transcription factors: p53, p63, and p73. These proteins are well-known regulators of cell function and play a crucial role in controlling various processes related to cancer progression, including cell division, proliferation, genomic stability, cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. In response to extra- or intracellular stress or oncogenic stimulation, all members of the p53 family are mutated in structure or altered in expression levels to affect the signaling network, coordinating many other pivotal cellular processes. P63 exists as two main isoforms (TAp63 and ΔNp63) that have been contrastingly discovered; the TA and ΔN isoforms exhibit distinguished properties by promoting or inhibiting cancer progression. As such, p63 isoforms comprise a fully mysterious and challenging regulatory pathway. Recent studies have revealed the intricate role of p63 in regulating the DNA damage response (DDR) and its impact on diverse cellular processes. In this review, we will highlight the significance of how p63 isoforms respond to DNA damage and cancer stem cells, as well as the dual role of TAp63 and ΔNp63 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Xu
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qunli Xiong
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junhong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Zhu, ; Junhong Han,
| | - Qing Zhu
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Zhu, ; Junhong Han,
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2
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Bamberger C, Pankow S, Yates JR. SMG1 and CDK12 Link ΔNp63α Phosphorylation to RNA Surveillance in Keratinocytes. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:5347-5358. [PMID: 34761935 PMCID: PMC10653645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53-like protein p63 is required for self-renewal of epidermal tissues. Loss of p63 or exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation triggers terminal differentiation in keratinocytes. However, it remains unclear how p63 diverts epidermal cells from proliferation to terminal differentiation, thereby contributing to successful tissue self-renewal. Here, we used bottom-up proteomics to identify the proteome at the chromatin in normal human epidermal keratinocytes following UV irradiation and p63 depletion. We found that loss of p63 increased DNA damage and that UV irradiation recruited the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK12 and the serine/threonine protein kinase SMG1 to chromatin only in the presence of p63. A post-translational modification analysis of ΔNp63α with mass spectrometry revealed that phosphorylation of T357/S358 and S368 was dependent on SMG1, whereas CDK12 increased the phosphorylation of ΔNp63α at S66/S68 and S301. Indirect phosphorylation of ΔNp63α in the presence of SMG1 enabled ΔNp63α to bind to the tumor suppressor p53-specific DNA recognition sequence, whereas CDK12 rendered ΔNp63α less responsive to UV irradiation and was not required for specific DNA binding. CDK12 and SMG1 are known to regulate the transcription and splicing of RNAs and the decay of nonsense RNAs, respectively, and a subset of p63-specific protein-protein interactions at the chromatin also linked p63 to RNA transcription and decay. We observed that in the absence of p63, UV irradiation resulted in more ORF1p. ORF1p is the first protein product of the intronless non-LTR retrotransposon LINE-1, indicating a derailed surveillance of RNA processing and/or translation. Our results suggest that p63 phosphorylation and transcriptional activation might correspond to altered RNA processing and/or translation to protect proliferating keratinocytes from increased genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimir Bamberger
- Department for Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Sandra Pankow
- Department for Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - John R. Yates
- Department for Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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3
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Wu X, Gong Z, Ma L, Wang Q. lncRNA RPSAP52 induced the development of tongue squamous cell carcinomas via miR-423-5p/MYBL2. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4744-4752. [PMID: 33787061 PMCID: PMC8107108 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing lncRNAs have been noted to involve in the initiation and development of several tumours including tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCCs). However, the biological role and mechanism of lncRNA RPSAP52 were not well‐explained. We indicated that RPSAP52 was higher in TSCC samples compared with that in control samples. The higher expression of RPSAP52 was positively correlated with higher T stage and TNM stage. Ectopic expression of RPSAP52 induced TSCC cell growth and cycle and induced cytokine secretion including IFN‐γ, IL‐1β and IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10 and TGF‐β. We found that the overexpression of RPSAP52 suppressed miR‐423‐5p expression in SCC‐4 cell. miR‐423‐5p was lower in TSCC samples compared with that in control samples, and miR‐423‐5p level was negatively correlated with higher T stage and TNM stage. Pearson's correlation indicated that miR‐423‐5p was negatively associated with that of RPSAP52 in TSCC tissues. Furthermore, MYBL2 was one direct gene of miR‐423‐5p and elevated expression of miR‐423‐5p suppressed MYBL2 expression and ectopic expression of RPSAP52 increased MYBL2 expression in SCC‐4 cell. Finally, we illustrated that RPSAP52 overexpression promoted TSCC cell growth and cycle and induced cytokine secretion including IFN‐γ, IL‐1β and IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10 and TGF‐β via modulating MYBL2. These data provided new insight into RPSAP52, which may be one potential treatment target for TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Wu
- Department of stomatology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zuode Gong
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qibao Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
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4
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Gatti V, Fierro C, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Melino G, Peschiaroli A. ΔNp63 in squamous cell carcinoma: defining the oncogenic routes affecting epigenetic landscape and tumour microenvironment. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:981-1001. [PMID: 30845357 PMCID: PMC6487733 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a treatment‐refractory tumour which arises from the epithelium of diverse anatomical sites such as oesophagus, head and neck, lung and skin. Accumulating evidence has revealed a number of genomic, clinical and molecular features commonly observed in SCC of distinct origins. Some of these genetic events culminate in fostering the activity of ΔNp63, a potent oncogene which exerts its pro‐tumourigenic effects by regulating specific transcriptional programmes to sustain malignant cell proliferation and survival. In this review, we will describe the genetic and epigenetic determinants underlying ΔNp63 oncogenic activities in SCC, and discuss some relevant transcriptional effectors of ΔNp63, emphasizing their impact in modulating the crosstalk between tumour cells and tumour microenvironment (TME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Gatti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Claudia Fierro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Italy
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Italy.,Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Angelo Peschiaroli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Rome, Italy
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5
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Ren Y, He W, Chen W, Ma C, Li Y, Zhao Z, Gao T, Ni Q, Chai J, Sun M. Retracted
: CRNDE promotes cell tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell growth and invasion through suppressing miR‐384. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:155-163. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shanxi Povince People’s Hospital Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Wenting He
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenge Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shanxi Povince People’s Hospital Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Zhenyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Tao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Qianwei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Juan Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Moyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Chinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shannxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
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6
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Fan L, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Yu H, Yang F, Yang R, Wu F. MiRNA373 induces cervical squamous cell carcinoma SiHa cell apoptosis. Cancer Biomark 2018; 21:455-460. [PMID: 29125482 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Limei Fan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Zongyu Liu
- Bethune School of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Deparment of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Bethune Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun 130021,Jilin, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Huimei Yu
- Deparment of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Bethune Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun 130021,Jilin, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
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7
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Wu X, Gong Z, Sun L, Ma L, Wang Q. MicroRNA-802 plays a tumour suppressive role in tongue squamous cell carcinoma through directly targeting MAP2K4. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28319306 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common oral tumours. MicroRNAs play crucial roles in many cell processes including cell viability, development, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The role of miR-802 in the TSCC is still unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The miR-802 expression in TSCC tissues and cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. CCK-8 assay was performed to measure the cell viability, while the cell invasion assay was used to determine the cell invasion. Dual-luciferase reporter and western blot were used to confirm the potential target gene of miR-802. RESULTS In our study, we demonstrated that miR-802 expression was downregulated in TSCC tissues and cell lines. Elevated expression of miR-802 suppressed the TSCC cell viability and invasion. Moreover, enforced expression of miR-802 increased the expression of E-cadherin, while suppressed the expression of N-cadherin, Snail and Vimentin in the TSCC cell. In addition, we identified the mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MAP2K4) as a direct target gene of miR-802 in the TSCC cell. We also demonstrated that the expression of MAP2K4 was higher in the TSCC tissues than that in the adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, the expression level of MAP2K4 was inversely associated with the expression of miR-802 in TSCC tissues. We also demonstrated that the MAP2K4 expression was upregulated in TSCC cell lines. Elevated expression of miR-802 inhibited TSCC cell viability and invasion through inhibiting MAP2K4 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that miR-802 played as a tumour suppressor gene and might act as a therapeutic target in TSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zuode Gong
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lanying Sun
- Dental Implant Center, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qibao Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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8
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Baghaei K, Hosseinkhan N, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Zali MR. Investigation of a common gene expression signature in gastrointestinal cancers using systems biology approaches. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 13:2277-2288. [DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00450h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
According to GLOBOCAN 2012, the incidence and the mortality rate of colorectal, stomach and liver cancers are the highest among the total gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Nazanin Hosseinkhan
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - M. R. Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
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9
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Zhou P, Zeng F, Liu J, Lv D, Liu S. Correlation between miR-21 expression and laryngeal carcinoma risks: a meta-analysis. J Evid Based Med 2016; 9:32-37. [PMID: 26667324 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the expression and clinical significance of miR-21 in the tissues of laryngeal carcinoma using meta-analysis. METHODS Literature databases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the British Library. Two reviewers independently identified the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 and RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS A total of four studies involving 160 cases were included. No significant heterogeneity was found between studies. The results of meta-analysis showed high miR-21 expression was found in Laryngeal cancer than non-neoplasm tissue (odds ratio = 4.47, 95%CI 2.59 to 7.73, P = 0.02). Only one study reported the expression of miR-21 between TMN (tumor, metastasis, node) I to II and TMN III to IV. CONCLUSION miR-21expression is notably correlated to laryngeal carcinoma and its clinically pathologic features. It suggests that higher miR-21 expression may be a risk factor of laryngeal carcinoma and a potential molecular biomarker. For the quantity and quality limitation of the included studies, the conclusion still needs to be further proved by performing more high-quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck, West China Hospital/West China Medical School Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fan Zeng
- Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck, West China Hospital/West China Medical School Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck, West China Hospital/West China Medical School Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shixi Liu
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck, West China Hospital/West China Medical School Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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10
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Ratovitski EA. Phospho-ΔNp63α-responsive microRNAs contribute to the regulation of necroptosis in squamous cell carcinoma upon cisplatin exposure. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1352-8. [PMID: 25910754 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study shows that specific microRNAs differentially regulated by ΔNp63α in cisplatin-sensitive and resistant squamous cell carcinoma (SSC) cells of larynx and tongue affect the expression of members of the necroptotic pathway CYLD, RIPK1, and MLKL. Different degrees of protein interaction between necroptotic signaling intermediates were also observed in SCC cells sensitive or resistant to cisplatin. Modulation of RIPK1 with miR-101-3p mimic or inhibitor, as well as with siRNA, or chemical inhibitors was shown to affect sensitivity of SCC cells to cisplatin. This is the first report showing the modulatory effect of ΔNp63α-responsive microRNAs on the specific members of necroptotic pathway in SCC tumor cells variably responding to platinum chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Ratovitski
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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11
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Lin C, Li X, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Zhou J, Gao K, Dai J, Hu G, Lv L, Du J, Zhang Y. The microRNA feedback regulation of p63 in cancer progression. Oncotarget 2015; 6:8434-53. [PMID: 25726529 PMCID: PMC4496160 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor p63 is a member of the p53 gene family that plays a complex role in cancer due to its involvement in epithelial differentiation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. MicroRNAs are a class of small, non-coding RNAs with an important regulatory role in various cellular processes, as well as in the development and progression of cancer. A number of microRNAs have been shown to function as transcriptional targets of p63. Conversely, microRNAs also can modulate the expression and activity of p63. However, the p63-microRNA regulatory circuit has not been addressed in depth so far. Here, computational genomic analysis was performed using miRtarBase, Targetscan, microRNA.ORG, DIANA-MICROT, RNA22-HSA and miRDB to analyze miRNA binding to the 3'UTR of p63. JASPAR (profile score threshold 80%) and TFSEARCH datasets were used to search transcriptional start sites for p53/p63 response elements. Remarkably, these data revealed 63 microRNAs that targeted p63. Furthermore, there were 39 microRNAs targeting p63 that were predicted to be regulated by p63. These analyses suggest a crosstalk between p63 and microRNAs. Here, we discuss the crosstalk between p63 and the microRNA network, and the role of their interactions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yihang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Gui Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lv Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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12
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Sethi N, Wright A, Wood H, Rabbitts P. MicroRNAs and head and neck cancer: reviewing the first decade of research. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:2619-35. [PMID: 25103455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNA which regulate gene expression. Their discovery in humans in 2000 has led to an explosion in research in this area in terms of their role as a biomarker, therapeutic target as well as trying to elucidate their function. This review aims to summarise the function of microRNAs as well as to examine how dysregulation at any step in their biogenesis or functional pathway can play a role in the development of cancer. We review which microRNAs are implicated as oncogenic or tumour suppressor in head and neck cancer as well as the data available on the use of microRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic marker. We also discuss routes for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Sethi
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Alexander Wright
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Henry Wood
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Pamela Rabbitts
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF, UK
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13
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Ruland R, Florea AM. Are microRNAs key players in epithelial skin cancers? A review focused on basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5339/jlghs.2014.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The cancer of the skin is an increasing problem for public health worldwide. The fair skin populations that are environmentally or occupationally exposed to solar ultraviolet (UV)-radiation are the most affected. Intensive research investigating the molecular mechanisms of skin cancer is ongoing, however the role of noncoding RNAs in the pathology of cutaneous cell carcinoma is not fully understood. Accumulating evidence show that miRNAs play an important role in physiologic, pathologic and carcinogenic processes but their role in epithelial skin cancers (i.e. basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) was to date not sufficiently highlighted. MiRNAs are single-stranded small RNAs which specifically target mRNAs for translational repression and/or mRNA decay. In this review we focus on the latest findings in this area of research reviewing the newest research trends and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ruland
- Environmental Toxicology, University of Trier, FBVI, Universitätsring 15, 54296, Trier
| | - Ana-Maria Florea
- Environmental Toxicology, University of Trier, FBVI, Universitätsring 15, 54296, Trier
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14
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Ratovitski EA. Phospho-ΔNp63α/microRNA network modulates epigenetic regulatory enzymes in squamous cell carcinomas. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:749-61. [PMID: 24394434 DOI: 10.4161/cc.27676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor protein (TP) p63/microRNAs functional network may play a key role in supporting the response of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) to chemotherapy. We show that the cisplatin exposure of SCC-11 cells led to upregulation of miR-297, miR-92b-3p, and miR-485-5p through a phosphorylated ΔNp63α-dependent mechanism that subsequently modulated the expression of the protein targets implicated in DNA methylation (DNMT3A), histone deacetylation (HDAC9), and demethylation (KDM4C). Further studies showed that mimics for miR-297, miR-92b-3p, or miR-485-5p, along with siRNA against and inhibitors of DNMT3A, HDAC9, and KDM4C modulated the expression of DAPK1, SMARCA2, and MDM2 genes assessed by the quantitative PCR, promoter luciferase reporter, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Finally, the above-mentioned treatments affecting epigenetic enzymes also modulated the response of SCC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, rendering the resistant SCC cells more sensitive to cisplatin exposure, thereby providing the groundwork for novel chemotherapeutic venues in treating patients with SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Ratovitski
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Division; Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD USA
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Ratovitski EA. Tumor Protein p63/microRNA Network in Epithelial Cancer Cells. Curr Genomics 2013; 14:441-52. [PMID: 24396276 PMCID: PMC3867720 DOI: 10.2174/13892029113146660011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding microRNAs are involved in multiple regulatory mechanisms underlying response of cancer cells to stress leading to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and autophagy. Many molecular layers are implicated in such cellular response including epigenetic regulation of transcription, RNA processing, metabolism, signaling. The molecular interrelationship between tumor protein (TP)-p53 family members and specific microRNAs is a key functional network supporting tumor cell response to chemotherapy and potentially playing a decisive role in chemoresistance of human epithelial cancers. TP63 was shown to modulate the expression of numerous microRNAs involved in regulation of epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, senescence, "stemness" and skin maintenance, epithelial/ mesenchymal transition, and tumorigenesis in several types of epithelial cancers (e.g. squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, gastric cancer, bladder cancer, and breast tumors), as well as in chemoresistance of cancer cells. TP63/microRNA network was shown to be involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism and epigenetic transcriptional regulation, thereby providing the groundwork for novel chemotherapeutic venues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A. Ratovitski
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, U.S.A
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Ratovitski EA. Phospho-ΔNp63α regulates AQP3, ALOX12B, CASP14 and CLDN1 expression through transcription and microRNA modulation. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:3581-6. [PMID: 24070899 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced and ATM-phosphorylated (p)-ΔNp63α regulates the expression of epidermal differentiation and skin barrier regulators (AQP3, CASP14, ALOX12B, and CLDN1) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells by dual transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. We found that p-ΔNp63α bound to target gene promoters, and regulated the activity of the tested promoters in vitro. P-ΔNp63α was shown to upregulate miR-185-5p and downregulate let7-5p, which subsequently modulated AQP3, CASP14, ALOX12B and CLDN1 through their respective 3'-untranslated regions. The introduction of miR-185-5p into resistant SCC-11M cells, which are unable to phosphorylate ΔNp63α, render these cells more sensitive to cisplatin treatment. Further studies of the AQP3, CASP14, ALOX12B, and CLDN1 contributions to chemoresistance may assist in developing novel microRNA-based therapies for human SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Ratovitski
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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