1
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Loddo M, Hardisty KM, Llewelyn A, Haddow T, Thatcher R, Williams G. Utilisation of semiconductor sequencing for detection of actionable fusions in solid tumours. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0246778. [PMID: 35984852 PMCID: PMC9390944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic fusions represent compelling druggable targets in solid tumours highlighted by the recent site agnostic FDA approval of larotrectinib for NTRK rearrangements. However screening for fusions in routinely processed tissue samples is constrained due to degradation of nucleic acid as a result of formalin fixation., To investigate the clinical utility of semiconductor sequencing optimised for detection of actionable fusion transcripts in formalin fixed samples, we have undertaken an analysis of test trending data generated by a clinically validated next generation sequencing platform designed to capture 867 of the most clinically relevant druggable driver-partner oncogenic fusions. Here we show across a real-life cohort of 1112 patients with solid tumours that actionable fusions occur at high frequency (7.4%) with linkage to a wide range of targeted therapy protocols including seven fusion-drug matches with FDA/EMA approval and/or NCCN/ESMO recommendations and 80 clinical trials. The more prevalent actionable fusions identified were independent of tumour type in keeping with signalling via evolutionary conserved RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/MTOR, PLCy/PKC and JAK/STAT pathways. Taken together our data indicates that semiconductor sequencing for detection of actionable fusions can be integrated into routine diagnostic pathology workflows enabling the identification of personalised treatment options that have potential to improve clinical cancer management across many tumour types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Loddo
- Oncologica UK Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (ML); (GW)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gareth Williams
- Oncologica UK Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (ML); (GW)
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2
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Zhu Q, Jiang Z, He X. Pcp1/pericentrin controls the SPB number in fission yeast meiosis and ploidy homeostasis. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212751. [PMID: 34747981 PMCID: PMC8579193 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202104099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During sexual reproduction, the zygote must inherit exactly one centrosome (spindle pole body [SPB] in yeasts) from the gametes, which then duplicates and assembles a bipolar spindle that supports the subsequent cell division. Here, we show that in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the fusion of SPBs from the gametes is blocked in polyploid zygotes. As a result, the polyploid zygotes cannot proliferate mitotically and frequently form supernumerary SPBs during subsequent meiosis, which leads to multipolar nuclear divisions and the generation of extra spores. The blockage of SPB fusion is caused by persistent SPB localization of Pcp1, which, in normal diploid zygotic meiosis, exhibits a dynamic association with the SPB. Artificially induced constitutive localization of Pcp1 on the SPB is sufficient to cause blockage of SPB fusion and formation of extra spores in diploids. Thus, Pcp1-dependent SPB quantity control is crucial for sexual reproduction and ploidy homeostasis in fission yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaodi Jiang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwei He
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Two XMAP215/TOG Microtubule Polymerases, Alp14 and Dis1, Play Non-Exchangeable, Distinct Roles in Microtubule Organisation in Fission Yeast. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205108. [PMID: 31618856 PMCID: PMC6834199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper bipolar spindle assembly underlies accurate chromosome segregation. A cohort of microtubule-associated proteins orchestrates spindle microtubule formation in a spatiotemporally coordinated manner. Among them, the conserved XMAP215/TOG family of microtubule polymerase plays a central role in spindle assembly. In fission yeast, two XMAP215/TOG members, Alp14 and Dis1, share essential roles in cell viability; however how these two proteins functionally collaborate remains undetermined. Here we show the functional interplay and specification of Alp14 and Dis1. Creation of new mutant alleles of alp14, which display temperature sensitivity in the absence of Dis1, enabled us to conduct detailed analyses of a double mutant. We have found that simultaneous inactivation of Alp14 and Dis1 results in early mitotic arrest with very short, fragile spindles. Intriguingly, these cells often undergo spindle collapse, leading to a lethal “cut” phenotype. By implementing an artificial targeting system, we have shown that Alp14 and Dis1 are not functionally exchangeable and as such are not merely redundant paralogues. Interestingly, while Alp14 promotes microtubule nucleation, Dis1 does not. Our results uncover that the intrinsic specification, not the spatial regulation, between Alp14 and Dis1 underlies the collaborative actions of these two XMAP215/TOG members in mitotic progression, spindle integrity and genome stability.
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4
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Pinder C, Matsuo Y, Maurer SP, Toda T. Kinesin-8 and Dis1/TOG collaborate to limit spindle elongation from prophase to anaphase A for proper chromosome segregation in fission yeast. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs232306. [PMID: 31427431 PMCID: PMC6765184 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.232306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fidelity chromosome segregation relies on proper microtubule regulation. Kinesin-8 has been shown to destabilise microtubules to reduce metaphase spindle length and chromosome movements in multiple species. XMAP215/chTOG polymerases catalyse microtubule growth for spindle assembly, elongation and kinetochore-microtubule attachment. Understanding of their biochemical activity has advanced, but little work directly addresses the functionality and interplay of these conserved factors. We utilised the synthetic lethality of fission yeast kinesin-8 (Klp5-Klp6) and XMAP215/chTOG (Dis1) to study their individual and overlapping roles. We found that the non-motor kinesin-8 tailbox is essential for mitotic function; mutation compromises plus-end-directed processivity. Klp5-Klp6 induces catastrophes to control microtubule length and, surprisingly, Dis1 collaborates with kinesin-8 to slow spindle elongation. Together, they enforce a maximum spindle length for a viable metaphase-anaphase transition and limit elongation during anaphase A to prevent lagging chromatids. Our work provides mechanistic insight into how kinesin-8 negatively regulates microtubules and how this functionally overlaps with Dis1 and highlights the importance of spindle length control in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Pinder
- Cell Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Yuzy Matsuo
- Cell Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Synthetic and Systems Biochemistry of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sebastian P Maurer
- Synthetic and Systems Biochemistry of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Takashi Toda
- Cell Regulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
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5
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Tang NH, Fong CS, Masuda H, Jourdain I, Yukawa M, Toda T. Generation of temperature sensitive mutations with error-prone PCR in a gene encoding a component of the spindle pole body in fission yeast. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:1717-1720. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1611414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants provide powerful tools for investigation of cellular functions of essential genes. We report here asimple procedure to generate ts mutations using error-prone PCR within pcp1 that encodes aspindle pole body (SPB) component in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This manipulation is not restricted to pcp1, and can be suited to any essential genes involved in other processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngang Heok Tang
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chii Shyang Fong
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hirohisa Masuda
- Telomere Biology Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Isabelle Jourdain
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Masashi Yukawa
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Toda
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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6
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Ito D, Zitouni S, Jana SC, Duarte P, Surkont J, Carvalho-Santos Z, Pereira-Leal JB, Ferreira MG, Bettencourt-Dias M. Pericentrin-mediated SAS-6 recruitment promotes centriole assembly. eLife 2019; 8:41418. [PMID: 31182187 PMCID: PMC6559791 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is composed of two centrioles surrounded by a microtubule-nucleating pericentriolar material (PCM). Although centrioles are known to regulate PCM assembly, it is less known whether and how the PCM contributes to centriole assembly. Here we investigate the interaction between centriole components and the PCM by taking advantage of fission yeast, which has a centriole-free, PCM-containing centrosome, the SPB. Surprisingly, we observed that several ectopically-expressed animal centriole components such as SAS-6 are recruited to the SPB. We revealed that a conserved PCM component, Pcp1/pericentrin, interacts with and recruits SAS-6. This interaction is conserved and important for centriole assembly, particularly its elongation. We further explored how yeasts kept this interaction even after centriole loss and showed that the conserved calmodulin-binding region of Pcp1/pericentrin is critical for SAS-6 interaction. Our work suggests that the PCM not only recruits and concentrates microtubule-nucleators, but also the centriole assembly machinery, promoting biogenesis close by.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ito
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | | | - Paulo Duarte
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | | | - José B Pereira-Leal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.,Ophiomics, Precision Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Godinho Ferreira
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.,Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), INSERM U1081 UMR7284 CNRS, Nice, France
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7
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Yukawa M, Kawakami T, Okazaki M, Kume K, Tang NH, Toda T. A microtubule polymerase cooperates with the kinesin-6 motor and a microtubule cross-linker to promote bipolar spindle assembly in the absence of kinesin-5 and kinesin-14 in fission yeast. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:3647-3659. [PMID: 29021344 PMCID: PMC5706992 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-08-0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-5 is required for bipolar spindle assembly; yet in the absence of kinesins-5 and -14, cells can form spindles. In fission yeast, three distinct pathways compensate for their loss. Microtubule polymerase, kinesin-6, and microtubule cross-linker execute individual roles in concert at different mitotic stages in place of the two kinesins. Accurate chromosome segregation relies on the bipolar mitotic spindle. In many eukaryotes, spindle formation is driven by the plus-end–directed motor kinesin-5 that generates outward force to establish spindle bipolarity. Its inhibition leads to the emergence of monopolar spindles with mitotic arrest. Intriguingly, simultaneous inactivation of the minus-end–directed motor kinesin-14 restores spindle bipolarity in many systems. Here we show that in fission yeast, three independent pathways contribute to spindle bipolarity in the absence of kinesin-5/Cut7 and kinesin-14/Pkl1. One is kinesin-6/Klp9 that engages with spindle elongation once short bipolar spindles assemble. Klp9 also ensures the medial positioning of anaphase spindles to prevent unequal chromosome segregation. Another is the Alp7/TACC-Alp14/TOG microtubule polymerase complex. Temperature-sensitive alp7cut7pkl1 mutants are arrested with either monopolar or very short spindles. Forced targeting of Alp14 to the spindle pole body is sufficient to render alp7cut7pkl1 triply deleted cells viable and promote spindle assembly, indicating that Alp14-mediated microtubule polymerization from the nuclear face of the spindle pole body could generate outward force in place of Cut7 during early mitosis. The third pathway involves the Ase1/PRC1 microtubule cross-linker that stabilizes antiparallel microtubules. Our study, therefore, unveils multifaceted interplay among kinesin-dependent and -independent pathways leading to mitotic bipolar spindle assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yukawa
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan .,Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Cell Biology, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kawakami
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Cell Biology, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Masaki Okazaki
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Cell Biology, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kume
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.,Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Ngang Heok Tang
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Takashi Toda
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan .,Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Cell Biology, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
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8
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Gergely ZR, Crapo A, Hough LE, McIntosh JR, Betterton MD. Kinesin-8 effects on mitotic microtubule dynamics contribute to spindle function in fission yeast. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:3490-3514. [PMID: 27146110 PMCID: PMC5221583 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-07-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-8 motor proteins destabilize microtubules and increase chromosome loss in mitosis. In fission yeast, aberrant microtubule-driven kinetochore pushing movements, tripolar mitotic spindles, and fluctuations in metaphase spindle length occurred in kinesin-8–deletion mutants. A mathematical model can explain these results. Kinesin-8 motor proteins destabilize microtubules. Their absence during cell division is associated with disorganized mitotic chromosome movements and chromosome loss. Despite recent work studying effects of kinesin-8s on microtubule dynamics, it remains unclear whether the kinesin-8 mitotic phenotypes are consequences of their effect on microtubule dynamics, their well-established motor activity, or additional, unknown functions. To better understand the role of kinesin-8 proteins in mitosis, we studied the effects of deletion of the fission yeast kinesin-8 proteins Klp5 and Klp6 on chromosome movements and spindle length dynamics. Aberrant microtubule-driven kinetochore pushing movements and tripolar mitotic spindles occurred in cells lacking Klp5 but not Klp6. Kinesin-8–deletion strains showed large fluctuations in metaphase spindle length, suggesting a disruption of spindle length stabilization. Comparison of our results from light microscopy with a mathematical model suggests that kinesin-8–induced effects on microtubule dynamics, kinetochore attachment stability, and sliding force in the spindle can explain the aberrant chromosome movements and spindle length fluctuations seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Gergely
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309.,Department of MCD Biology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Ammon Crapo
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Loren E Hough
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - J Richard McIntosh
- Department of MCD Biology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
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9
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Alp7/TACC-Alp14/TOG generates long-lived, fast-growing MTs by an unconventional mechanism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20653. [PMID: 26864000 PMCID: PMC4749977 DOI: 10.1038/srep20653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alp14 is a TOG-family microtubule polymerase from S. pombe that tracks plus ends and accelerates their growth. To interrogate its mechanism, we reconstituted dynamically unstable single isoform S. pombe microtubules with full length Alp14/TOG and Alp7, the TACC-family binding partner of Alp14. We find that Alp14 can drive microtubule plus end growth at GTP-tubulin concentrations at least 10-fold below the usual critical concentration, at the expense of increased catastrophe. This reveals Alp14 to be a highly unusual enzyme that biases the equilibrium for the reaction that it catalyses. Alp7/TACC enhances the effectiveness of Alp14, by increasing its occupancy. Consistent with this, we show in live cells that Alp7 deletion produces very similar MT dynamics defects to Alp14 deletion. The ability of Alp7/14 to accelerate and bias GTP-tubulin exchange at microtubule plus ends allows it to generate long-lived, fast-growing microtubules at very low cellular free tubulin concentrations.
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10
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Spatiotemporal Regulation of Nuclear Transport Machinery and Microtubule Organization. Cells 2015; 4:406-26. [PMID: 26308057 PMCID: PMC4588043 DOI: 10.3390/cells4030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Spindle microtubules capture and segregate chromosomes and, therefore, their assembly is an essential event in mitosis. To carry out their mission, many key players for microtubule formation need to be strictly orchestrated. Particularly, proteins that assemble the spindle need to be translocated at appropriate sites during mitosis. A small GTPase (hydrolase enzyme of guanosine triphosphate), Ran, controls this translocation. Ran plays many roles in many cellular events: nucleocytoplasmic shuttling through the nuclear envelope, assembly of the mitotic spindle, and reorganization of the nuclear envelope at the mitotic exit. Although these events are seemingly distinct, recent studies demonstrate that the mechanisms underlying these phenomena are substantially the same as explained by molecular interplay of the master regulator Ran, the transport factor importin, and its cargo proteins. Our review focuses on how the transport machinery regulates mitotic progression of cells. We summarize translocation mechanisms governed by Ran and its regulatory proteins, and particularly focus on Ran-GTP targets in fission yeast that promote spindle formation. We also discuss the coordination of the spatial and temporal regulation of proteins from the viewpoint of transport machinery. We propose that the transport machinery is an essential key that couples the spatial and temporal events in cells.
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11
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Zhou H, Liu Q, Shi T, Yu Y, Lu H. Genome-wide screen of fission yeast mutants for sensitivity to 6-azauracil, an inhibitor of transcriptional elongation. Yeast 2015; 32:643-55. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.3085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Industrial Microorganisms; Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Industrial Microorganisms; Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
| | - Tianfang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Industrial Microorganisms; Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Industrial Microorganisms; Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Industrial Microorganisms; Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing Technology; Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
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12
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Tang NH, Toda T. MAPping the Ndc80 loop in cancer: A possible link between Ndc80/Hec1 overproduction and cancer formation. Bioessays 2015; 37:248-56. [PMID: 25557589 PMCID: PMC4359004 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201400175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mis-regulation (e.g. overproduction) of the human Ndc80/Hec1 outer kinetochore protein has been associated with aneuploidy and tumourigenesis, but the genetic basis and underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Recent studies have identified the ubiquitous Ndc80 internal loop as a protein-protein interaction platform. Binding partners include the Ska complex, the replication licensing factor Cdt1, the Dam1 complex, TACC-TOG microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and kinesin motors. We review the field and propose that the overproduction of Ndc80 may unfavourably absorb these interactors through the internal loop domain and lead to a change in the equilibrium of MAPs and motors in the cells. This sequestration will disrupt microtubule dynamics and the proper segregation of chromosomes in mitosis, leading to aneuploid formation. Further investigation of Ndc80 internal loop-MAPs interactions will bring new insights into their roles in kinetochore-microtubule attachment and tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngang Heok Tang
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London, UK
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13
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Tang NH, Toda T. Alp7/TACC recruits kinesin-8-PP1 to the Ndc80 kinetochore protein for timely mitotic progression and chromosome movement. J Cell Sci 2014; 128:354-63. [PMID: 25472718 PMCID: PMC4294777 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.160036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon establishment of proper kinetochore–microtubule attachment, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) must be silenced to allow onset of anaphase, which is when sister chromatids segregate equally to two daughter cells. However, how proper kinetochore–microtubule attachment leads to timely anaphase onset remains elusive. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of chromosome movement during anaphase A remain unclear. In this study, we show that the fission yeast Alp7/TACC protein recruits a protein complex consisting of the kinesin-8 (Klp5–Klp6) and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) to the kinetochore upon kinetochore–microtubule attachment. Accumulation of this complex at the kinetochore, on the one hand, facilitates SAC inactivation through PP1, and, on the other hand, accelerates polewards chromosome movement driven by the Klp5–Klp6 motor. We identified an alp7 mutant that had specific defects in binding to the Klp5–Klp6–PP1 complex but with normal localisation to the microtubule and kinetochore. Consistent with our proposition, this mutant shows delayed anaphase onset and decelerated chromosome movement during anaphase A. We propose that the recruitment of kinesin-8–PP1 to the kinetochore through Alp7/TACC interaction plays a crucial role in regulation of timely mitotic progression and chromosome movement during anaphase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngang Heok Tang
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Takashi Toda
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK
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14
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Zheng F, Li T, Jin DY, Syrovatkina V, Scheffler K, Tran PT, Fu C. Csi1p recruits alp7p/TACC to the spindle pole bodies for bipolar spindle formation. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2750-60. [PMID: 25057016 PMCID: PMC4161510 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-03-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The spindle pole body (SPB) localization of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe TACC orthologue alp7p depends on the SPB protein csi1p. Compromised interaction between csi1p and alp7p delays bipolar spindle formation and leads to abnormal chromosome segregation. Accurate chromosome segregation requires timely bipolar spindle formation during mitosis. The transforming acidic coiled-coil (TACC) family proteins and the ch-TOG family proteins are key players in bipolar spindle formation. They form a complex to stabilize spindle microtubules, mainly dependent on their localization to the centrosome (the spindle pole body [SPB] in yeast). The molecular mechanism underlying the targeting of the TACC–ch-TOG complex to the centrosome remains unclear. Here we show that the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe TACC orthologue alp7p is recruited to the SPB by csi1p. The csi1p-interacting region lies within the conserved TACC domain of alp7p, and the carboxyl-terminal domain of csi1p is responsible for interacting with alp7p. Compromised interaction between csi1p and alp7p impairs the localization of alp7p to the SPB during mitosis, thus delaying bipolar spindle formation and leading to anaphase B lagging chromosomes. Hence our study establishes that csi1p serves as a linking molecule tethering spindle-stabilizing factors to the SPB for promoting bipolar spindle assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianpeng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Kathleen Scheffler
- Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris 75005, France
| | - Phong T Tran
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 10104 Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris 75005, France
| | - Chuanhai Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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