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Veerapandian M, Ramasundaram S, Jerome P, Chellasamy G, Govindaraju S, Yun K, Oh TH. Drug Delivery Application of Functional Nanomaterials Synthesized Using Natural Sources. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:426. [PMID: 37623670 PMCID: PMC10455391 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) synthesized from natural sources have been attracting greater attention, due to their intrinsic advantages including biocompatibility, stimuli-responsive property, nontoxicity, cost-effectiveness, and non-immunogenic characteristics in the biological environment. Among various biomedical applications, a breakthrough has been achieved in the development of drug delivery systems (DDS). Biocompatibility is necessary for treating a disease safely without any adverse effects. Some components in DDS respond to the physiological environment, such as pH, temperature, and functional group at the target, which facilitates targeted drug release. NM-based DDS is being applied for treating cancer, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and dermal and ophthalmic diseases. Metal nanomaterials and carbon quantum dots are synthesized and stabilized using functional molecules extracted from natural sources. Polymers, mucilage and gums, exosomes, and molecules with biological activities are directly derived from natural sources. In DDS, these functional components have been used as drug carriers, imaging agents, targeting moieties, and super disintegrants. Plant extracts, biowaste, biomass, and microorganisms have been used as the natural source for obtaining these NMs. This review highlights the natural sources, synthesis, and application of metallic materials, polymeric materials, carbon dots, mucilage and gums, and exosomes in DDS. Aside from that, challenges and future perspectives on using natural resources for DDS are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekala Veerapandian
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Soengnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (M.V.); (G.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Subramaniyan Ramasundaram
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38436, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (P.J.)
| | - Peter Jerome
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38436, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (P.J.)
| | - Gayathri Chellasamy
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Soengnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (M.V.); (G.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Saravanan Govindaraju
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Soengnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (M.V.); (G.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Soengnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (M.V.); (G.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Tae Hwan Oh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38436, Republic of Korea; (S.R.); (P.J.)
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Isopencu GO, Covaliu-Mierlă CI, Deleanu IM. From Plants to Wound Dressing and Transdermal Delivery of Bioactive Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2661. [PMID: 37514275 PMCID: PMC10386126 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal delivery devices and wound dressing materials are constantly improved and upgraded with the aim of enhancing their beneficial effects, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and cost effectiveness. Therefore, researchers in the field have shown an increasing interest in using natural compounds as constituents for such systems. Plants, as an important source of so-called "natural products" with an enormous variety and structural diversity that still exceeds the capacity of present-day sciences to define or even discover them, have been part of medicine since ancient times. However, their benefits are just at the beginning of being fully exploited in modern dermal and transdermal delivery systems. Thus, plant-based primary compounds, with or without biological activity, contained in gums and mucilages, traditionally used as gelling and texturing agents in the food industry, are now being explored as valuable and cost-effective natural components in the biomedical field. Their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity compensate for local availability and compositional variations. Also, secondary metabolites, classified based on their chemical structure, are being intensively investigated for their wide pharmacological and toxicological effects. Their impact on medicine is highlighted in detail through the most recent reported studies. Innovative isolation and purification techniques, new drug delivery devices and systems, and advanced evaluation procedures are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Olimpia Isopencu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu Str. 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina-Ileana Covaliu-Mierlă
- Department of Biotechnical Systems, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana-Mihaela Deleanu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu Str. 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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Marine macroalgae polysaccharides-based nanomaterials: an overview with respect to nanoscience applications. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Exploration of marine macroalgae poly-saccharide-based nanomaterials is emerging in the nanotechnology field, such as wound dressing, water treatment, environmental engineering, biosensor, and food technology.
Main body
In this article, the current innovation and encroachments of marine macroalgae polysaccharide-based nanoparticles (NPs), and their promising opportunities, for future prospect in different industries are briefly reviewed. The extraction and advancement of various natural sources from marine polysaccharides, including carrageenan, agarose, fucoidan, and ulvan, are highlighted in order to provide a wide range of impacts on the nanofood technology. Further, seaweed or marine macroalgae is an unexploited natural source of polysaccharides, which involves numerous different phytonutrients in the outermost layer of the cell and is rich in sulphated polysaccharides (SP), SP-based nanomaterial which has an enhanced potential value in the nanotechnology field.
Conclusion
At the end of this article, the promising prospect of SP-based NPs and their applications in the food sector is briefly addressed.
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Alhakamy NA, Naveen NR, Gorityala S, Kurakula M, Hosny KM, Safhi AY, Bukhary DM, Bukhary HA, Sabei FY, Mushtaq RY, Murshid SS. Development of Novel S-Protective Thiolated-Based Mucoadhesive Tablets for Repaglinide: Pharmacokinetic Study. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173529. [PMID: 36080604 PMCID: PMC9460926 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucoadhesive polymers have an essential role in drug localization and target-specific actions in oral delivery systems. The current work aims to develop and characterize a new mucoadhesive polysaccharide polymer (thiolated xanthan gum-TXG and S-Protected thiolated xanthan gum-STX) that was further utilized for the preparation of repaglinide mucoadhesive tablets. The thiolation of xanthan gum was carried out by ester formation through the reaction of the hydroxyl group of xanthan gum and the carboxyl group of thioglycolic acid. Synthesis of TXG was optimized using central composite design, and TXG prepared using 5.303 moles/L of TGA and 6.075 g/L of xanthan gum can accomplish the prerequisites of the optimized formulation. Consequently, TXG was further combined with aromatic 2-mercapto-nicotinic acid to synthesize STX. TXG and STX were further studied for Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, rheological investigations, and Ellman’s assay (to quantify the number of thiol/disulfide groups). A substantial rise in the viscosity of STX might be due to increased interactions of macromolecules liable for improving the mucosal adhesion strength of thiolated gum. STX was proven safe with the support of cytotoxic study data. Mucoadhesive formulations of repaglinide-containing STX showed the highest ex vivo mucoadhesion strength (12.78 g-RSX-1 and 17.57 g- RSX-2) and residence time (>16 h). The improved cross-linkage and cohesive nature of the matrix in the thiolated and S-protected thiolated formulations was responsible for the controlled release of repaglinide over 16 h. The pharmacokinetic study revealed the greater AUC (area under the curve) and long half-life with the RSX-2 formulation, confirming that formulations based on S-protected thiomers can be favorable drug systems for enhancing the bioavailability of low-solubility drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nimbagal Raghavendra Naveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagar 571448, India
| | - Shashank Gorityala
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Labcorp Drug Development, Madison, WI 53704, USA
| | - Mallesh Kurakula
- Product Development Department, CURE Pharmaceutical, Oxnard, CA 93033, USA
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (K.M.H.)
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (K.M.H.)
| | - Awaji Y. Safhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deena M. Bukhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham A. Bukhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Y. Sabei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan Y. Mushtaq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Immam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar S. Murshid
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Ambrosio N, Voci S, Gagliardi A, Palma E, Fresta M, Cosco D. Application of Biocompatible Drug Delivery Nanosystems for the Treatment of Naturally Occurring Cancer in Dogs. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030116. [PMID: 35997454 PMCID: PMC9397006 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is a common disease in dogs, with a growing incidence related to the age of the animal. Nanotechnology is being employed in the veterinary field in the same manner as in human therapy. Aim: This review focuses on the application of biocompatible nanocarriers for the treatment of canine cancer, paying attention to the experimental studies performed on dogs with spontaneously occurring cancer. Methods: The most important experimental investigations based on the use of lipid and non-lipid nanosystems proposed for the treatment of canine cancer, such as liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles containing doxorubicin, paclitaxel and cisplatin, are described and their in vivo fate and antitumor features discussed. Conclusions: Dogs affected by spontaneous cancers are useful models for evaluating the efficacy of drug delivery systems containing antitumor compounds.
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Afarid M, Mahmoodi S, Baghban R. Recent achievements in nano-based technologies for ocular disease diagnosis and treatment, review and update. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:361. [PMID: 35918688 PMCID: PMC9344723 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery is one of the most challenging endeavors among the various available drug delivery systems. Despite having suitable drugs for the treatment of ophthalmic disease, we have not yet succeeded in achieving a proper drug delivery approach with the least adverse effects. Nanotechnology offers great opportunities to overwhelm the restrictions of common ocular delivery systems, including low therapeutic effects and adverse effects because of invasive surgery or systemic exposure. The present review is dedicated to highlighting and updating the recent achievements of nano-based technologies for ocular disease diagnosis and treatment. While further effort remains, the progress illustrated here might pave the way to new and very useful ocular nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Afarid
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shirin Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Roghayyeh Baghban
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Ghiman R, Pop R, Rugina D, Focsan M. Recent progress in preparation of microcapsules with tailored structures for bio-medical applications. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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de Assis ACL, Moreira LMCDC, Rocha BP, Pereira MRB, de Melo DF, de Moura RO, de Azevedo EP, Oshiro-Junior JA, Damasceno BPGDL. N-acylhydrazone Derivative-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Films: Thermoanalytical, Spectroscopic, Mechanical and Morphological Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142345. [PMID: 34301102 PMCID: PMC8309645 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose acetate (ACT) is one of the most important cellulose derivatives due to its biodegradability and low toxicity, presenting itself as one of the main substitutes for synthetic materials in the development of wound dressing films. The incorporation of a N-acylhydrazonic derivative (JR19), with its promising anti-inflammatory activity, may represent an alternative for the treatment of skin wounds. This work aims to develop and to physicochemically and mechanically characterize ACT films containing JR19. The films were prepared using the ‘casting’ method and further characterized by thermoanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. In addition, mechanical tests and morphological analysis were performed. Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses showed that the thermal events attributed to excipients and films were similar, indicating the absence of physical incompatibilities between ACT and JR19. Infrared spectroscopy showed that JR19 was incorporated into ACT films. The characteristic band attributed to C≡N (2279 to 2264 cm−1) was observed in the spectra of JR19, in that of the physical mixture of JR19/ACT, and, to a lesser extent, in the spectra of JR19 incorporated into the ACT film, suggesting some interaction between JR19 and ACT. X-ray diffraction (XRD) evidenced the suppression of the crystallinity of JR19 (diffraction peaks at 8.54°, 12.80°, 14.09°, 16.08°, 18.19°, 22.65°, 23.59°, 24.53°, 25.70°, 28.16° and 30.27°2θ) after incorporation into ACT films. The mechanical tests indicated the adequate integrity of the films and their resistance to bending. The morphological characterization showed JR19 crystals along with a homogeneously distributed porous structure throughout the surface of the films with an average diameter of 21.34 µm and 22.65 µm of the films alone and of those incorporating JR19F, respectively. This study was able to characterize the ACT films incorporating JR19, showing their potential to be further developed as wound healing dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro César Lima de Assis
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Lívia Maria Coelho de Carvalho Moreira
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Patrício Rocha
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Milena Raissa Bezerra Pereira
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Demis Ferreira de Melo
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pereira de Azevedo
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Laureate International Universities–Universidade Potiguar (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;
| | - João Augusto Oshiro-Junior
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.A.O.-J.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.); Tel.: +55-83-3315-3300 (ext. 3516) (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
| | - Bolívar Ponciano Goulart de Lima Damasceno
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Av. Juvêncio Arruda, s/n, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil; (A.C.L.d.A.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (B.P.R.); (M.R.B.P.); (D.F.d.M.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba (UEPB), Campina Grande 58429-600, Paraíba, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.A.O.-J.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.); Tel.: +55-83-3315-3300 (ext. 3516) (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
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Tosif MM, Najda A, Bains A, Kaushik R, Dhull SB, Chawla P, Walasek-Janusz M. A Comprehensive Review on Plant-Derived Mucilage: Characterization, Functional Properties, Applications, and Its Utilization for Nanocarrier Fabrication. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071066. [PMID: 33800613 PMCID: PMC8037796 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Easily sourced mucus from various plant parts is an odorless, colorless and tasteless substance with emerging commercial potential in agriculture, food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals due to its non-toxic and biodegradable properties. It has been found that plant-derived mucilage can be used as a natural thickener or emulsifier and an alternative to synthetic polymers and additives. Because it is an invisible barrier that separates the surface from the surrounding atmosphere, it is used as edible coatings to extend the shelf life of fresh vegetables and fruits as well as many food products. In addition to its functional properties, mucilage can also be used for the production of nanocarriers. In this review, we focus on mucus extraction methods and its use as a natural preservative for fresh produce. We detailed the key properties related to the extraction and preservation of food, the mechanism of the effect of mucus on the sensory properties of products, coating methods when using mucus and its recipe for preserving fruit and vegetables. Understanding the ecological, economic and scientific factors of production and the efficiency of mucus as a multi-directional agent will open up its practical application in many industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansuri M. Tosif
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India;
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-280 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran, Mohali, Punjab 140307, India;
| | - Ravinder Kaushik
- Department of Food Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India;
| | - Sanju Bala Dhull
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, Haryana 125055, India;
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India;
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Magdalena Walasek-Janusz
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-280 Lublin, Poland;
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Amiri MS, Mohammadzadeh V, Yazdi MET, Barani M, Rahdar A, Kyzas GZ. Plant-Based Gums and Mucilages Applications in Pharmacology and Nanomedicine: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:1770. [PMID: 33809917 PMCID: PMC8004199 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gums are carbohydrate biomolecules that have the potential to bind water and form gels. Gums are regularly linked with proteins and minerals in their construction. Gums have several forms, such as mucilage gums, seed gums, exudate gums, etc. Plant gums are one of the most important gums because of their bioavailability. Plant-derived gums have been used by humans since ancient times for numerous applications. The main features that make them appropriate for use in different applications are high stabilization, viscosity, adhesive property, emulsification action, and surface-active activity. In many pharmaceutical formulations, plant-based gums and mucilages are the key ingredients due to their bioavailability, widespread accessibility, non-toxicity, and reasonable prices. These compete with many polymeric materials for use as different pharmaceuticals in today's time and have created a significant achievement from being an excipient to innovative drug carriers. In particular, scientists and pharmacy industries around the world have been drawn to uncover the secret potential of plant-based gums and mucilages through a deeper understanding of their physicochemical characteristics and the development of safety profile information. This innovative unique class of drug products, useful in advanced drug delivery applications, gene therapy, and biosynthesis, has been developed by modification of plant-based gums and mucilages. In this review, both fundamental and novel medicinal aspects of plant-based gums and mucilages, along with their capacity for pharmacology and nanomedicine, were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vahideh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8954, Iran;
| | | | - Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran
| | - George Z. Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece
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Gagliardi A, Giuliano E, Venkateswararao E, Fresta M, Bulotta S, Awasthi V, Cosco D. Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery to Solid Tumors. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:601626. [PMID: 33613290 PMCID: PMC7887387 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.601626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have favored the development of novel colloidal formulations able to modulate the pharmacological and biopharmaceutical properties of drugs. The peculiar physico-chemical and technological properties of nanomaterial-based therapeutics have allowed for several successful applications in the treatment of cancer. The size, shape, charge and patterning of nanoscale therapeutic molecules are parameters that need to be investigated and modulated in order to promote and optimize cell and tissue interaction. In this review, the use of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery systems of anticancer compounds, their physico-chemical properties and their ability to be efficiently localized in specific tumor tissues have been described. The nanoencapsulation of antitumor active compounds in polymeric systems is a promising approach to improve the efficacy of various tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gagliardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elena Giuliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eeda Venkateswararao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vibhudutta Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Yu H, Wu W, Lin X, Feng Y. Polysaccharide-Based Nanomaterials for Ocular Drug Delivery: A Perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:601246. [PMID: 33363130 PMCID: PMC7758246 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.601246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery is one of the most challenging issues in ophthalmology because of the complex physiological structure of the eye. Polysaccharide-based nanomaterials have been extensively investigated in recent years as ideal carriers for enhancing the bioavailability of drugs in the ocular system because of their biocompatibility and drug solubilization. From this perspective, we discuss the structural instability of polysaccharides and its impact on the synthesis process; examine the potential for developing bioactive polysaccharide-based ocular drug nanocarriers; propose four strategies for designing novel drug delivery nanomaterials; and suggest reviewing the behavior of nanomaterials in ocular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Yu
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Samrot AV, Kudaiyappan T, Bisyarah U, Mirarmandi A, Faradjeva E, Abubakar A, Selvarani JA, Kumar Subbiah S. Extraction, Purification, and Characterization of Polysaccharides of Araucaria heterophylla L and Prosopis chilensis L and Utilization of Polysaccharides in Nanocarrier Synthesis. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7097-7115. [PMID: 33061370 PMCID: PMC7524200 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s259653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plant gums consist of polysaccharides which can be used in the preparation of nanocarriers and provide a wide application in pharmaceutical applications including as drug delivery agents and the matrices for drug release. The objectives of the study were to collect plant gums from Araucaria heterophylla L and Prosopis chilensis L and to extract and characterize their polysaccharides. Then to utilize these plant gum-derived polysaccharides for the formulation of nanocarriers to use for drug loading and to examine their purpose in drug delivery in vitro. Methods Plant gum was collected, polysaccharide was extracted, purified, characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR, TGA and GCMS and subjected to various bioactive studies. The purified polysaccharide was used for making curcumin-loaded nanocarriers using STMP (sodium trimetaphosphate). Bioactivities were performed on the crude, purified and drug-loaded nanocarriers. These polysaccharide-based nanocarriers were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM, and AFM. Drug release kinetics were performed for the drug-loaded nanocarriers. Results The presence of glucose, xylose and sucrose was studied from the UV-Vis and GCMS analysis. Purified polysaccharides of both the plants showed antioxidant activity and also antibacterial activity against Bacillus sp. Purified polysaccharides were used for nanocarrier synthesis, where the size and shape of the nanocarriers were studied using SEM analysis and AFM analysis. The size of the drug-loaded nanocarriers was found to be around 200 nm. The curcumin-loaded nanocarriers were releasing curcumin slow and steady. Conclusion The extracted pure polysaccharide of A. heterophylla and P. chilensis acted as good antioxidants and showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus sp. These polysaccharides were fabricated into curcumin-loaded nanocarriers whose size was below 200 nm. Both the drug-loaded nanocarriers synthesized using A. heterophylla and P. chilensis showed antibacterial activity with a steady drug release profile. Hence, these natural exudates can serve as biodegradable nanocarriers in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony V Samrot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Teeshalini Kudaiyappan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Ummu Bisyarah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Anita Mirarmandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Etel Faradjeva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Amira Abubakar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Jenifer A Selvarani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sholinganallur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600119, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Subbiah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 UPM, Malaysia.,Department of Biotechnology, BIHER, Bharath University, Selaiyur, India
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Galloway AF, Knox P, Krause K. Sticky mucilages and exudates of plants: putative microenvironmental design elements with biotechnological value. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:1461-1469. [PMID: 31454421 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a wide array of secretions both above and below ground. Known as mucilages or exudates, they are secreted by seeds, roots, leaves and stems and fulfil a variety of functions including adhesion, protection, nutrient acquisition and infection. Mucilages are generally polysaccharide-rich and often occur in the form of viscoelastic gels and in many cases have adhesive properties. In some cases, progress is being made in understanding the structure-function relationships of mucilages such as for the secretions that allow growing ivy to attach to substrates and the biosynthesis and secretion of the mucilage compounds of the Arabidopsis seed coat. Work is just beginning towards understanding root mucilage and the proposed adhesive polymers involved in the formation of rhizosheaths at root surfaces and for the secretions involved in host plant infection by parasitic plants. In this article, we summarise knowledge on plant exudates and mucilages within the concept of their functions in microenvironmental design, focusing in particular on their bioadhesive functions and the molecules responsible for them. We draw attention to areas of future knowledge need, including the microstructure of mucilages and their compositional and regulatory dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Galloway
- Department for Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty for Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, Tromsø, 9037, Norway
| | - Paul Knox
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Kirsten Krause
- Department for Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty for Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, Tromsø, 9037, Norway
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