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Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of C. Jejuni Isolated from Broilers and their Environment Using flaA-RFLP Typing and MLST Analysis. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Campylobacter is highly diverse genetically and also undergoes frequent intraspecific recombination. A major source of campylobacteriosis, which is transmitted to humans is found in poultry. The assessment of the genetic diversity among Campylobacter population is critical to our understanding of the epidemiology. The genetic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni isolates in broilers and their environment were investigated by flaA-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The study revealed that 92.3% of the examined broiler flocks were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. A total number of 35 different flaA types defined by flaA-RFLP were found in 448 C. jejuni isolates originated from broilers, litter, puddles, zones, anteroom and wild birds. The most dominant flaA type was XXV. MLST defined 20 sequence types (STs) belonging to 10 clonal complexes (CCs). Among all the STs 9 isolates (15%) were consigned to 2 different STs (ST-7413 and ST-4800), which could not be assigned. The most common CCs were ST-21 and ST-179. The ST-21 CC was common in broilers and environment (puddle water and concentric zones) and the ST-179 CC was specific to wild birds, but also was found in puddle water and concentric zones.
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2
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Chousalkar K, Sims S, McWhorter A, Khan S, Sexton M. The Effect of Sanitizers on Microbial Levels of Chicken Meat Collected from Commercial Processing Plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234807. [PMID: 31795463 PMCID: PMC6926933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Chicken meat can potentially become contaminated with bacteria at the processing plant. In Australia, there is currently a lack of knowledge on the parameters and indications of use of non-chlorine based treatments in the chicken meat processing plants. Chlorine is widely used as a sanitizer in Australian chicken meat processing plants but due to occupational health and safety concerns and consumer perception, there is a need to identify alternative sanitizers. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of four different sanitizers in reducing the microbial load from naturally contaminated chicken meat carcasses collected from the processing plants in South Australia. There was a significant variation in a load of Campylobacter and total viable count (TVC) between samples collected from two different processing plants and within carcass batches collected from the same plant that was tested during the study. All sanitizers generally reduced the load of Campylobacter on chicken meat carcasses. Treatment with acidified sodium chlorite significantly reduced the level of Salmonella enterica serovars at all temperatures tested during this study. These findings are helpful to the industry for selection of the appropriate sanitizers. Findings are also useful for the regulatory authorities in Australia for providing approval for the use of sanitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Chousalkar
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5371, Australia; (S.S.); (A.M.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-8313-1502
| | - Sarah Sims
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5371, Australia; (S.S.); (A.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Andrea McWhorter
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5371, Australia; (S.S.); (A.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Samiullah Khan
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5371, Australia; (S.S.); (A.M.); (S.K.)
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Würfel SFR, da Silva WP, de Oliveira MG, Kleinubing NR, Lopes GV, Gandra EA, Dellagostin OA. Genetic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from poultry meat products sold on the retail market in Southern Brazil. Poult Sci 2019; 98:932-939. [PMID: 30137619 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is regarded as the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis throughout the world and most cases of human campylobacteriosis can be traced back to the consumption of poultry meat. In Brazil, few studies evaluated the genetic relatedness among Campylobacter isolates. The aim of this research was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Campylobacter spp. isolated from poultry meat products sold on the retail market in Southern Brazil. The presumptive identification of Campylobacter was performed using traditional microbiological analysis, followed by molecular confirmation by PCR. The genetic diversity of isolates was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Campylobacter spp. was isolated from 91.7% (33/36) of the samples, totaling 48 isolates. Campylobacter jejuni was the most prevalent species isolated (90.8%). PFGE data revealed 26 pulsotypes and 18 PFGE patterns composed of only 1 isolate. Campylobacter isolates exhibited high genetic diversity; however, some clones were recurrent in the poultry meat products sold on the retail market. As the south region of Brazil is an important producer and exporter of chicken meat, our results highlight the need to control this pathogen in the food chain in this area of the world to reduce the risks of exposing consumers to campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F R Würfel
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - W P da Silva
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - M G de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - N R Kleinubing
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - G V Lopes
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - E A Gandra
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - O A Dellagostin
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Duarte A, Botteldoorn N, Miller W, Coucke W, Martiny D, Hallin M, Seliwiorstow T, De Zutter L, Uyttendaele M, Vandenberg O, Dierick K. Relation between broiler and humanCampylobacter jejunistrains isolated in Belgium from 2011 to 2013. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:277-287. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Duarte
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter; Sciensano; Scientific Service Foodborne Pathogens; Brussels Belgium
| | - N. Botteldoorn
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter; Sciensano; Scientific Service Foodborne Pathogens; Brussels Belgium
| | - W.G. Miller
- USDA, ARS, WRRC, Produce Safety and Microbiology; Albany CA USA
| | - W. Coucke
- Section Quality of Laboratories; Sciensano; Brussels Belgium
| | - D. Martiny
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter; Saint Pierre University Hospital; Brussels Belgium
- Department of Microbiology; LHUB-ULB; Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
| | - M. Hallin
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter; Saint Pierre University Hospital; Brussels Belgium
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis; LHUB-ULB; Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
| | - T. Seliwiorstow
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - L. De Zutter
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - M. Uyttendaele
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
| | - O. Vandenberg
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter; Saint Pierre University Hospital; Brussels Belgium
- Department of Microbiology; LHUB-ULB; Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
- Center for Environmental Health and Occupational Health; School of Public Health; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
| | - K. Dierick
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter; Sciensano; Scientific Service Foodborne Pathogens; Brussels Belgium
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Thomrongsuwannakij T, Blackall PJ, Chansiripornchai N. A Study on Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli through Commercial Broiler Production Chains in Thailand: Antimicrobial Resistance, the Characterization of DNA Gyrase Subunit A Mutation, and Genetic Diversity by Flagellin A Gene Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Avian Dis 2017; 61:186-197. [PMID: 28665716 DOI: 10.1637/11546-120116-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Contaminated poultry meat is regarded as the main source of human campylobacteriosis. During September 2014 and February 2015, breeder flocks, hatcheries, and broiler farms from two chicken production chains were investigated chronologically. Five commercial breeder flocks (Breeder Flocks 1-5), two hatcheries (Hatcheries A and B), and five broiler flocks (Broiler Flocks 1-5) were sampled in this study. Campylobacter colonization of both breeder and broiler flocks was determined from cloacal swabs and environmental samples (pan feeders, footwear, darkling beetles, flies, feed, and water). The eggs from the breeder flocks were followed to hatcheries. At the hatcheries, early embryonic deaths, egg trays, eggshells, hatchers, and water were investigated. Cloacal swabs were taken from broilers at Days 1, 14, and 28 (all broiler flocks), and either 35 (Broiler Flocks 1 and 2) or 43 (Broiler Flocks 3-5). Thirty-six Campylobacter jejuni and 94 Campylobacter coli isolates collected through two broiler production chains were tested by twofold agar dilution for their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Most Campylobacter isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR), defined as being resistant to three or more antimicrobial classes ( C. jejuni : 100%; C. coli : 98.9%), and exhibited high resistance to enrofloxacin ( C. jejuni : 100%; C. coli : 98.9%). The vast majority of C. coli were resistant to tetracycline (97.9%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (81.9%), and doxycycline (79.8%), but only 55.6%, 36.1%, and 50% of C. jejuni isolates revealed resistance to these antimicrobial agents, respectively. A selected subset of 24 C. jejuni and 24 C. coli were characterized for their mutations in the quinolone resistance determining region of the DNA gyrase subunit A gene by nucleotide sequence analysis. The Thr-86-Ile substitution (ACA-ATA in C. jejuni or ACT-ATT in C. coli ) was found in all isolates. Moreover, a total of 130 Campylobacter isolates were typed with the use of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the flagellin A gene (flaA-RFLP) to determine their genetic relationships. Ten distinct clusters were recognized by flaA-RFLP typing. The results showed that horizontal transmission was the major route of Campylobacter transmission in this study. In conclusion, the emergence of MDR and high resistance rates to several antimicrobials are major concerns identified in this study. The prudent use of these agents and active surveillance of resistance at the farm level are essential steps to reduce the public health risks identified in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thotsapol Thomrongsuwannakij
- A Avian Health Research Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Patrick J Blackall
- B Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4067, Australia
| | - Niwat Chansiripornchai
- A Avian Health Research Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Vlach J, Javůrková B, Karamonová L, Blažková M, Fukal L. Novel PCR-RFLP system based on rpoB gene for differentiation of Cronobacter species. Food Microbiol 2016; 62:1-8. [PMID: 27889135 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria from the genus Cronobacter are opportunistic foodborne pathogens that can cause severe infections. More rapid, cost-effective and reliable methods are still required for the species identification of Cronobacter spp. In this study, we present a novel PCR-RFLP-based method that uses a newly designed pair of primers for the PCR-amplification of a partial rpoB gene sequence (1635 bp). The amplified products of DNA from 80 Cronobacter strains were separately digested with three restriction endonucleases (Csp6I, HinP1I, MboI). Using the obtained restriction patterns, a PCR-RFLP identification system was created to enable differentiation between all seven currently-known Cronobacter species. The functionality of our method was successfully verified on real food samples. Moreover, the relationships between the Cronobacter species were determined via a phylogenetic tree created from the RFLP patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Vlach
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Javůrková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Karamonová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Blažková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Fukal
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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Silva DTD, Tejada TS, Blum-Menezes D, Dias PA, Timm CD. Campylobacter species isolated from poultry and humans, and their analysis using PFGE in southern Brazil. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 217:189-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Navarro M, Stanley R, Cusack A, Sultanbawa Y. Combinations of plant-derived compounds against Campylobacter in vitro. J APPL POULTRY RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfv035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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