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Su F, Yang H, Ma T, Chen M, Liu S, Ma L. The Determination Method of Total Polyphenol in Tea and Substitute Tea Based on [Ag(HIO6)2]5--Luminol Chemiluminescence System. J AOAC Int 2022; 106:205-211. [PMID: 35904530 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific, accurate, and rapid detection of the composition and content of tea polyphenols is an important basis for their rational use and giving full play to their physiological effect. The spectrophotometric assays for total polyphenols have poor selectivity. Therefore, there is a need to develop a simple and reliable method for the determination of the total polyphenolic level in tea products. OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to develop a flow injection chemiluminescence (FI-CL) method based on the Ag(III)-luminol system for the total polyphenol content analysis of tea and substitute tea. METHOD Through Box-Behnken experimental design, we selected the optimum determination condition. The Ag(III) concentration was 5 × 10-5 mol/L, and the luminol concentration was 3 × 10-7 mol/L (including 0.15 mol/L NaOH). The peristaltic pump is 25 r/min, and the photomultiplier voltage is 600 v. Sample extracts were diluted 100 000 times for the FI-CL assay. RESULTS Under optimal conditions, CL intensities were proportional to total polyphenol content (in terms of gallic acid concentrations) in the range of 0.1∼100 μg/L. The LOD and LOQ were 0.03 μg/L and 0.1 μg/L. The recovery values were in the range of 86.3-111.0% with a RSD of 1.04∼2.62%. The polyphenolic content of 12 teas and 6 substitute teas was determined, and the results of the developed method and Folin-Ciocalteu method were highly correlated (r = 0.9493 for tea and r = 0.8533 for substitute tea). CONCLUSIONS The proposed method is better than the Folin-Ciocalteu method in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy. It is suitable for the determination of polyphenol content not only in tea, but also in substitute tea. HIGHLIGHTS We developed a new flow-injection analysis method for polyphenolic content determination based on the Ag(III)-luminol chemiluminescence system. It is simple, rapid, sensitive, and accurate. It is suitable for the determination of polyphenols content not only in tea, but also in substitute tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Su
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Meifang Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Shipeng Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Li Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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Sun S, Xu S, Xu Y, Guo L, Liu H, Yang L, Wang Z, Yang L. Chemiluminescence quenching microarrays for high throughput screening of antioxidants and its application in evaluating herbal extracts and pure compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1046:148-153. [PMID: 30482292 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel high throughput screening method for antioxidants was described. The screening process was completed on a 5 cm × 5 cm silica gel 60 plate. Luminol was used as the fluorogenic substrate while hydrogen peroxide employed to excite the chemiluminescence. A dark spot was observed due to quenching effect of antioxidant. A linear model of the integral area of the spot as a function of analyte amount was fit by using vitamin C as positive control. Excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9978) was obtained in the range of 2.31-23.1 μg. The variation coefficients of intra- and inter-chip precisions were below 5% (n = 10) and 10% (n = 6) respectively. The new method was validated by comparing the analysis result of six flavonoids with that from a sequential injection method. The Pearson correlation coefficient was up to 0.98. A set of traditionally used herbal medicines was screened, and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma showed the strongest signal. The major bioactive ingredients were further assigned by flow injection and MS analyses. These results reveal the prospects of the proposed method to supply a promising tool in vitro for high throughput screening and activity evaluation of antioxidants in a fast, low-cost and reliable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Sun
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Research and Development Center for New Drugs, Guangzhou ImVin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China.
| | - Shunjun Xu
- Zhuhai Jizhu Small and Medium Enterprises Advanced Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai, 519041, China; Research and Development Center for New Drugs, Guangzhou ImVin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Research and Development Center for New Drugs, Guangzhou ImVin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Longgang Guo
- Research and Development Center for New Drugs, Guangzhou ImVin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | | | - Liu Yang
- Zhuhai Jizhu Small and Medium Enterprises Advanced Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai, 519041, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Phenolics and polyphenolics in foods, beverages and spices: Antioxidant activity and health effects – A review. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1440] [Impact Index Per Article: 160.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Phytochemicals and other characteristics of Croatian monovarietal extra virgin olive oils from Oblica, Lastovka and Levantinka varieties. Molecules 2015; 20:4395-409. [PMID: 25759956 PMCID: PMC6272702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Virgin olive oils from the fruits of Croatian autochthonous varieties Oblica, Lastovka and Levantinka were characterized for the first time. Headspace volatiles were analyzed by HS-SPME/GC-FID/MS. The main volatiles were C6 compounds. The most abundant was (E)-hex-2-enal (62.60%–69.20%). (Z)-Hex-3-enal was not found in Lastovka oil, while Levantinka oil did not contain hexanal. Tocopherols, chlorophylls and carotenoids were determined by HPLC-FL. Levantinka oil was characterized by the highest α-tocopherol level (222.00 mg/kg). Total phenolic contents (TPs), as well as antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of the oils hydrophilic fractions (HFs) were assessed by spectroscopic methods. The antioxidant activity of Oblica oil HF was the most pronounced (0.91 mmol TEAC/kg) and the HF contained the highest TPs amount (212.21 mg/kg). HFs phenolic composition was determined by HPLC-DAD. The main identified phenols were secoiridoids dominated in Oblica oil: decarboxymethyl ligstroside aglycone (p-HPEA-EDA up to 158.5 mg/kg), oleuropein aglycone (3,4-HPEA-EA up to 96.4 mg/kg) and decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycon (3,4-DHPEA-EDA up to 93.5 mg/kg).
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Karampelas D, Economou A, Calokerinos A. A novel hybrid flow-injection/sequential-injection methodology for the rapid evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity of wines using inhibition of the alkaline luminol–potassium permanganate chemiluminescent reaction. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Christodouleas DC, Giokas DL, Garyfali V, Papadopoulos K, Calokerinos AC. An automatic FIA-CL method for the determination of antioxidant activity of edible oils based on peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nalewajko-Sieliwoniuk E, Malejko J, Święczkowska M, Kowalewska A. A study on the selection of chemiluminescence system for the flow injection determination of the total polyphenol index of plant-derived foods. Food Chem 2014; 176:175-83. [PMID: 25624221 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Different chemiluminescence systems based on luminol, permanganate, manganese(IV) and cerium(IV) reagents were compared regarding their sensitivity and selectivity to determine plant polyphenols. Among the seventeen systems tested, Mn(IV)-formaldehyde-hexametaphosphate was considered to be the most suitable for polyphenols detection. The developed flow injection method (FI-CL) based on enhancing effect of polyphenols on Mn(IV) chemiluminescence is characterised by low detection limit of gallic acid (0.02μgL(-1)) and high precision (RSD=1.7%). The calibration graph was linear from 0.1 to 100μgL(-1). The selectivity studies revealed that the FI-CL method ensures accurate determination of the total polyphenols content in food samples. The method was successfully applied to analysis of a variety of plant-derived foods (wine, tea, cereal coffee, fruit and vegetable juices, herbs and spices). The proposed method is superior to conventional spectrophotometric assays due to its higher sample throughput (195samplesh(-1)), simplicity, sensitivity and, above all, higher selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Nalewajko-Sieliwoniuk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Białystok, Poland
| | - Julita Malejko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Marta Święczkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Białystok, Poland
| | - Agata Kowalewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Białystok, Poland
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Christodouleas DC, Fotakis C, Nikokavoura A, Papadopoulos K, Calokerinos AC. Modified DPPH and ABTS Assays to Assess the Antioxidant Profile of Untreated Oils. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-0005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Christodouleas DC, Fotakis C, Papadopoulos K, Calokerinos AC. Evaluation of total reducing power of edible oils. Talanta 2014; 130:233-40. [PMID: 25159404 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The lipophilicity of untreated edible oils narrows the application of most published methods for the determination of antioxidant activity to hydrophilic extracts of oils. This research addresses the issue of the estimation of the total antioxidant properties of untreated edible oils by modifying two widely applied analytical methods, the Fe-Phenanthroline and the CUPRAC assays, to be used in untreated oils. The modifications pertain to the selection of mixture of solvents (ethanol-butanol in 3:1 v/v ratio), and the optimization of the reaction conditions (reagents concentration and reaction time). The developed methods were applied to a number of hydrophilic and lipophilic standard compounds and different types of commercial edible oils, as well as their corresponding aqueous or organic extracts. This implementation elucidated the differences in the antioxidant content of edible oils. All the results were compared to those of the DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu methods and the analytical figures of merit for the methods have been estimated. Lastly, it was concluded that the modified CUPRAC assay has higher sensitivity compared to the Fe-Phenanthroline assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysios C Christodouleas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistiomiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; Division of Physical Chemistry, IAMPPNM, NCSR Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Fotakis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistiomiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Papadopoulos
- Division of Physical Chemistry, IAMPPNM, NCSR Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece
| | - Antony C Calokerinos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistiomiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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Christodouleas D, Fotakis C, Papadopoulos K, Dimotikali D, Calokerinos AC. Luminescent Methods in the Analysis of Untreated Edible Oils: A Review. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2011.649461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Fassoula E, Economou A, Calokerinos A. Development and validation of a sequential-injection method with chemiluminescence detection for the high throughput assay of the total antioxidant capacity of wines. Talanta 2011; 85:1412-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Evaluation of antioxidant activity of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds in edible oils by a novel fluorimetric method. Talanta 2011; 84:874-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Araujo ARTS, Maya F, Saraiva MLMFS, Lima JLFC, Estela JM, Cerdà V. Flow system for the automatic screening of the effect of phenolic compounds on the luminol-hydrogen peroxide-peroxidase chemiluminescence system. LUMINESCENCE 2011; 26:571-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Christodouleas D, Papadopoulos K, Calokerinos AC. Determination of Total Antioxidant Activity of Edible Oils as well as Their Aqueous and Organic Extracts by Chemiluminescence. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-010-9189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lates V, Marty JL, Popescu IC. Determination of Antioxidant Capacity by Using Xanthine Oxidase Bioreactor Coupled with Flow-through H2O2 Amperometric Biosensor. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Wada M, Kira M, Kido H, Ikeda R, Kuroda N, Nishigaki T, Nakashima K. Semi-micro flow injection analysis method for evaluation of quenching effect of health foods or food additive antioxidants on peroxynitrite. LUMINESCENCE 2010; 26:191-5. [PMID: 20309857 DOI: 10.1002/bio.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A semi-micro flow injection analysis (SMFIA) method for evaluation of quenching effect of food additive antioxidants or health foods on peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) is described. The injected sample was carried with phosphate buffer containing NaNO(2), mixed with a trigger solution to generate ONOO(-) and then detected CL generated after mixing with luminol solution. Selective chemiluminescence caused by ONOO(-) in this generation system was confirmed by catalase treatment. Ascorbic acid (ASA), Trolox and ascorbyl palmitate (ASP) were used as food additive antioxidants. EC(50) values of ASA, Trolox and ASP were 2.6, 6.4 and 43 µg/mL, respectively. The amount of reagents required for an assay by this SMFIA system could reduce the time by a third compared with the conventional method previously reported. Furthermore, as an application of the proposed method, the quenching effect of commercially available Noni (Morinda citrifolia) juices was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Wada
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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