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Aslan EI, Ozkara G, Kilicarslan O, Ser OS, Bostan C, Yildiz A, Diren Borekcioglu A, Ozturk O, Kucukhuseyin O, Yilmaz Aydogan H. Receptor for advanced glycation end products polymorphisms in coronary artery ectasia. Gene 2024; 916:148450. [PMID: 38588932 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the implication of receptor of advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) has been reported in coronary artery disease, its roles in coronary artery ectasia (CAE) have remained undetermined. Furthermore, the effect of RAGE polymorfisms were not well-defined in scope of soluble RAGE (sRAGE) levels. Thus, we aimed to investigate the influence of the functional polymorphisms of RAGE -374T > A (rs1800624) and G82S (rs2070600) in CAE development. METHODS This prospective observational study was conducted in 2 groups selected of 2452 patients who underwent elective coronary angiography (CAG) for evaluation after positive noninvasive heart tests. Group-I included 98 patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease and CAE, and Group-II (control) included 100 patients with normal coronary arteries. SNPs were genotyped by real-time PCR using Taqman® genotyping assay. Serum sRAGE and soluble lectin-like oxidized receptor-1 (sOLR1) were assayed by ELISA and serum lipids were measured enzymatically. RESULTS The frequencies of the RAGE -374A allele and -374AA genotype were significantly higher in CAE patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). sRAGE levels were not different between study groups, while sOLR1 levels were elevated in CAE (p = 0.004). In controls without systemic disease, -374A allele was associated with low sRAGE levels (p < 0.05), but this association was not significant in controls with HT. Similarly, sRAGE levels of CAE patients with both HT and T2DM were higher than those no systemic disease (p = 0.02). The -374A allele was also associated with younger patient age and higher platelet count in the CAE group in both total and subgroup analyses. In the correlation analyses, the -374A allele was also negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with Plt in all of these CAE groups. In the total CAE group, sRAGE levels also showed a positive correlation with age and a negative correlation with HDL-cholesterol levels. On the other hand, a negative correlation was observed between sRAGE and Plt in the total, hypertensive and no systemic disease control subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that the -374A allele (p < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (p < 0.05), and high sOLR1 level (p < 0.05) are risk factors for CAE. ROC curve analysis shows that RAGE -374A allele has AUC of 0.713 (sensitivity: 83.7 %, specificity: 59.0 %), which is higher than HLD (sensitivity: 59.2 %, specificity: 69.0 %), HT (sensitivity: 62.4 %, specificity: 61.1 %) and high sOLR1 level (≥0.67 ng/ml)) (sensitivity: 59.8 %, specificity: 58.5 %). CONCLUSION Beside the demonstration of the relationship between -374A allele and increased risk of CAE for the first time, our results indicate that antihypertensive and antidiabetic treatment in CAE patients causes an increase in sRAGE levels. The lack of an association between the expected -374A allele and low sRAGE levels in total CAE group was attributed to the high proportion of hypertensive patients and hence to antihypertensive treatment. Moreover, the RAGE -374A allele is associated with younger age at CAE and higher Plt, suggesting that -374A may also be associated with platelet activation, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of CAE. However, our data need to be confirmed in a large study for definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Irmak Aslan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gulcin Ozkara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Onur Kilicarslan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ozgur Selim Ser
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Cem Bostan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Yildiz
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayca Diren Borekcioglu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Oguz Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Kucukhuseyin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hulya Yilmaz Aydogan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Ramasamy R, Shekhtman A, Schmidt AM. RAGE/DIAPH1 and atherosclerosis through an evolving lens: Viewing the cell from the "Inside - Out". Atherosclerosis 2024; 394:117304. [PMID: 39131441 PMCID: PMC11309734 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims In hyperglycemia, inflammation, oxidative stress and aging, Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) accumulate in conditions such as atherosclerosis. Binding of DAMPs to receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) activates signal transduction cascades that contribute to cellular stress. The cytoplasmic domain (tail) of RAGE (ctRAGE) binds to the formin Diaphanous1 (DIAPH1), which is important for RAGE signaling. This Review will detail the evidence linking the RAGE/DIAPH1 signaling pathway to atherosclerosis and envisages future therapeutic opportunities from the "inside-out" point of view in affected cells. Methods PubMed was searched using a variety of search terms, including "receptor for advanced glycation end products" along with various combinations including "and atherosclerosis," "soluble RAGE and atherosclerosis," "statins and RAGE," "PPAR and RAGE" and "SGLT2 inhibitor and RAGE." Results In non-diabetic and diabetic mice, antagonism or global deletion of Ager (the gene encoding RAGE) retards progression and accelerates regression of atherosclerosis. Global deletion of Diaph1 in mice devoid of the low density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr) significantly attenuates atherosclerosis; mice devoid of both Diaph1 and Ldlr display significantly lower plasma and liver concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride compared to mice devoid of Ldlr. Associations between RAGE pathway and human atherosclerosis have been identified based on relationships between plasma/serum concentrations of RAGE ligands, soluble RAGEs and atherosclerosis. Conclusions Efforts to target RAGE/DIAPH1 signaling through a small molecule antagonist therapeutic strategy hold promise to quell accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes and in other forms of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Shekhtman
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, NY, USA
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Nowakowska K, Sakellarios A, Kaźmierski J, Fotiadis DI, Pezoulas VC. AI-Enhanced Predictive Modeling for Identifying Depression and Delirium in Cardiovascular Patients Scheduled for Cardiac Surgery. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 14:67. [PMID: 38201376 PMCID: PMC10795764 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated a critical association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mental health, revealing that approximately one-third of individuals with CVD also experience depression. This comorbidity significantly increases the risk of cardiac complications and mortality, a risk that persists regardless of traditional factors. Addressing this issue, our study pioneers a straightforward, explainable, and data-driven pipeline for predicting depression in CVD patients. METHODS Our study was conducted at a cardiac surgical intensive care unit. A total of 224 participants who were scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) were enrolled in the study. Prior to surgery, each patient underwent psychiatric evaluation to identify major depressive disorder (MDD) based on the DSM-5 criteria. An advanced data curation workflow was applied to eliminate outliers and inconsistencies and improve data quality. An explainable AI-empowered pipeline was developed, where sophisticated machine learning techniques, including the AdaBoost, random forest, and XGBoost algorithms, were trained and tested on the curated data based on a stratified cross-validation approach. RESULTS Our findings identified a significant correlation between the biomarker "sRAGE" and depression (r = 0.32, p = 0.038). Among the applied models, the random forest classifier demonstrated superior accuracy in predicting depression, with notable scores in accuracy (0.62), sensitivity (0.71), specificity (0.53), and area under the curve (0.67). CONCLUSIONS This study provides compelling evidence that depression in CVD patients, particularly those with elevated "sRAGE" levels, can be predicted with a 62% accuracy rate. Our AI-driven approach offers a promising way for early identification and intervention, potentially revolutionizing care strategies in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Nowakowska
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (K.N.); (J.K.)
| | - Antonis Sakellarios
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Aeronautics Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Jakub Kaźmierski
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (K.N.); (J.K.)
| | - Dimitrios I. Fotiadis
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Institute—FORTH, University Campus of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasileios C. Pezoulas
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Institute—FORTH, University Campus of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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González‐Ferrero T, Bergonti M, López‐Canoa JN, Arias FG, Eiras Penas S, Spera F, González‐Maestro A, Minguito‐Carazo C, Martínez‐Sande JL, González‐Melchor L, García‐Seara FJ, Fernández‐López JA, Álvarez‐Castro E, González‐Juanatey JR, Heidbuchel H, Sarkozy A, Rodríguez‐Mañero M. Atrial fibrillation ablation in patients with arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy: a prospective multicentre study. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:3055-3066. [PMID: 37593841 PMCID: PMC10567669 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate the clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) referred for ablation who develop arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy (AiCM) as well as their long-term outcomes after catheter ablation (CA). METHODS AND RESULTS A prospective multicentre study was conducted on consecutive AF patients who underwent CA. AiCM was defined as the development of heart failure in the presence of AF and an improvement of left ventricular fraction by at least 10% at 6 months after ablation. A subgroup of patients underwent peripheral and left atrial blood samples [galectin-3, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE)] at the time of the procedure. Of the 769 patients who underwent AF ablation, 135 (17.56%) met the criteria for AiCM. Independent predictors of AiCM included persistent AF, male gender, left atrial volume, QRS width, active smoking, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Biomarker analysis revealed that sRAGE, FABP4, and galectin-3 levels were not predictive of AiCM development nor did they differ between groups or predict recurrence. There were no differences in AF recurrence between patients with and without AiCM (30.83% vs. 27.77%; P = 0.392) during a median follow-up of 23.83 months (inter-quartile range 9-36). CONCLUSIONS In the subset of patients referred for AF ablation, the development of AiCM was associated with persistent AF and CKD. Biomarker analysis was not different between groups nor predicted recurrence. Patients with AiCM benefited from ablation, with a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction and similar AF recurrence rates to those without AiCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teba González‐Ferrero
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Marco Bergonti
- Department of CardiologyAntwerp University HospitalAntwerpBelgium
- Cardiovascular Research, GENCORUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino InstituteEnte Ospedaliero CantonaleLuganoSwitzerland
| | - José Nicolás López‐Canoa
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Hospital Complex of PontevedraPontevedraSpain
| | - Federico García‐Rodeja Arias
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Sonia Eiras Penas
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Francesco Spera
- Department of CardiologyAntwerp University HospitalAntwerpBelgium
- Cardiovascular Research, GENCORUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Adrián González‐Maestro
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
| | - Carlos Minguito‐Carazo
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - José Luis Martínez‐Sande
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Laila González‐Melchor
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Francisco Javier García‐Seara
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Jesús Alberto Fernández‐López
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Ezequiel Álvarez‐Castro
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - José Ramón González‐Juanatey
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Department of CardiologyAntwerp University HospitalAntwerpBelgium
- Cardiovascular Research, GENCORUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Andrea Sarkozy
- Department of CardiologyAntwerp University HospitalAntwerpBelgium
- Cardiovascular Research, GENCORUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Moisés Rodríguez‐Mañero
- Cardiovascular Area and Coronary UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaTravesía da Choupana s/nSantiago de Compostela15706A CoruñaSpain
- CIBERCVCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
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Reynaert NL, Vanfleteren LEGW, Perkins TN. The AGE-RAGE Axis and the Pathophysiology of Multimorbidity in COPD. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103366. [PMID: 37240472 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of the airways and lungs due to an enhanced inflammatory response, commonly caused by cigarette smoking. Patients with COPD are often multimorbid, as they commonly suffer from multiple chronic (inflammatory) conditions. This intensifies the burden of individual diseases, negatively affects quality of life, and complicates disease management. COPD and comorbidities share genetic and lifestyle-related risk factors and pathobiological mechanisms, including chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an important driver of chronic inflammation. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are RAGE ligands that accumulate due to aging, inflammation, oxidative stress, and carbohydrate metabolism. AGEs cause further inflammation and oxidative stress through RAGE, but also through RAGE-independent mechanisms. This review describes the complexity of RAGE signaling and the causes of AGE accumulation, followed by a comprehensive overview of alterations reported on AGEs and RAGE in COPD and in important co-morbidities. Furthermore, it describes the mechanisms by which AGEs and RAGE contribute to the pathophysiology of individual disease conditions and how they execute crosstalk between organ systems. A section on therapeutic strategies that target AGEs and RAGE and could alleviate patients from multimorbid conditions using single therapeutics concludes this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lowie E G W Vanfleteren
- COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Timothy N Perkins
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Tsirebolos G, Tsoporis JN, Drosatos IA, Izhar S, Gkavogiannakis N, Sakadakis E, Triantafyllis AS, Parker TG, Rallidis LS, Rizos I. Emerging markers of inflammation and oxidative stress as potential predictors of coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2023; 376:127-133. [PMID: 36758863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The multi-ligand receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligands AGEs and S100/calgranulin proteins are important mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress whereas the soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) by acting as a decoy and the antioxidant PARK7/DJ-1 exert antiatherogenic effects. We examined whether sRAGE and its ligands AGEs, S100A8/A9, S100B, S100A12 and DJ-1 are associated with the presence of angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) in asymptomatic patients with and without diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma levels of RAGE ligands, sRAGE and DJ-1 were determined in 50 patients with angiographically proven CAD and in 50 age-matched healthy controls. In the whole cohort, lower levels of sRAGE and higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), the RAGE ligands S100B, S100A12 and the AGEs/sRAGE ratio were associated with CAD. In patients without diabetes (n = 72), lower levels of sRAGE and DJ-1 and higher levels of IL-6 and AGEs/sRAGE ratio were associated with CAD. In multivariable analysis, AGEs/sRAGE ratio was an independent predictor of CAD both in the whole cohort (p = 0.034, OR = 1.247, [95%CI: 1.024, 1.0519]) and in the subgroup of patients without diabetes (p = 0.021, OR = 1.363, 95%CI [1.048, 1.771]) on top of established cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION Alterations in plasma RAGE axis inflammatory mediators are associated with atherosclerosis, and higher levels of AGEs/sRAGE ratio are independently associated with CAD in asymptomatic patients and may act as a novel biomarker for predicting CAD. DJ-1 emerges as promising marker of oxidative stress in CAD patients without diabetes, a finding that deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Tsirebolos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece; Department of Cardiology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - James N Tsoporis
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Ioannis-Alexandros Drosatos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece; Department of Cardiology, 414 Military Hospital, P.Penteli, Athens, Greece
| | - Shehla Izhar
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nikolaos Gkavogiannakis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece; Department of Cardiology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Thomas G Parker
- Department of Cardiology, 414 Military Hospital, P.Penteli, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Rizos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Advanced Glycation End-Products and Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032927. [PMID: 36769249 PMCID: PMC9917392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a tissue-specific neurovascular impairment of the retina in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Several pathological factors are involved in the progressive impairment of the interdependence between cells that consist of the neurovascular units (NVUs). The advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are one of the major pathological factors that cause the impairments of neurovascular coupling in diabetic retinopathy. Although the exact mechanisms for the toxicities of the AGEs in diabetic retinopathy have not been definitively determined, the AGE-receptor of the AGE (RAGE) axis, production of reactive oxygen species, inflammatory reactions, and the activation of the cell death pathways are associated with the impairment of the NVUs in diabetic retinopathy. More specifically, neuronal cell death is an irreversible change that is directly associated with vision reduction in diabetic patients. Thus, neuroprotective therapies must be established for diabetic retinopathy. The AGEs are one of the therapeutic targets to examine to ameliorate the pathological changes in the NVUs in diabetic retinopathy. This review focuses on the basic and pathological findings of AGE-induced neurovascular abnormalities and the potential therapeutic approaches, including the use of anti-glycated drugs to protect the AGE-induced impairments of the NVUs in diabetic retinopathy.
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The Potential Influence of Advanced Glycation End Products and (s)RAGE in Rheumatic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032894. [PMID: 36769213 PMCID: PMC9918052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a class of compounds formed by nonenzymatic interactions between reducing sugars and proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids. AGEs can alter the protein structure and activate one of their receptors, specifically the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). These phenomena impair the functions of cells, extracellular matrix, and tissues. RAGE is expressed by a variety of cells and has been linked to chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjögren's syndrome. The soluble (s)RAGE cleavage product is a positively charged 48-kDa cleavage product that retains the ligand binding site but loses the transmembrane and signaling domains. By acting as a decoy, this soluble receptor inhibits the pro-inflammatory processes mediated by RAGE and its ligands. In the present review, we will give an overview of the role of AGEs, sRAGE, and RAGE polymorphisms in several rheumatic diseases. AGE overproduction may play a role in the pathogenesis and is linked to accelerated atherosclerosis. Low serum sRAGE concentrations are linked to an increased cardiovascular risk profile and a poor prognosis. Some RAGE polymorphisms may be associated with increased disease susceptibility. Finally, sRAGE levels can be used to track disease progression.
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Concentrations of N 6-Carboxymethyllysine (CML), N 6-Carboxyethyllysine (CEL), and Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products (sRAGE) Are Increased in Psoriatic Patients. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121870. [PMID: 36551298 PMCID: PMC9775373 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, and often severe skin disease which is frequently associated with metabolic disorders and increased risk of cardiovascular complications. One of the postulated links is an intensified process of advanced protein glycation and/or glycoxidation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess concentrations of N6-carboxymethyllysine (CML), N6-carboxyethyllysine (CEL), and soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) in psoriasis patients at different phases of the disease activity, in comparison to healthy individuals. The study material consisted of sera from psoriasis patients in active phase, in the remission phase, and healthy controls. Concentrations of CML, CEL, and sRAGE were determined using ELISA technique. In the patients with psoriasis (in both phases of the disease), concentrations of CML, CEL and sRAGE were significantly higher than in healthy individuals but they did not correlate with psoriasis area severity index (PASI) values. The remission of the disease was followed by a significant decrease in CML, CEL, and sRAGE concentrations when compared to active patients; however, these concentrations were still significantly higher than in the controls. Our data suggest that psoriasis is accompanied by an intense glycoxidation process and that high sRAGE levels seem to reflect permanent RAGE overstimulation.
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Zinellu A, Mangoni AA. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of statins on asymmetric dimethylarginine. Nitric Oxide 2022; 120:26-37. [PMID: 35032642 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of statins on serum or plasma concentrations of the endogenous inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, asymmetric NG,NG-dimethyl-l-arginine (ADMA). METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, from inception to July 2021. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for analytical studies and GRADE, respectively. RESULTS In 23 studies, reporting 25 treatment arms in 845 participants (mean age 53 years, 57% males, treatment duration 4-48 weeks), statins significantly reduced ADMA concentrations (SMD = -0.39, 95% CI -0.62 to -0.16, p = 0.001; moderate certainty of evidence). The extreme heterogeneity observed was substantially reduced in study subgroups of specific class and individual statins, regional areas, and analytical methods for ADMA concentrations. There was no publication bias. In sensitivity analysis, the corresponding SMD values were not substantially modified when individual studies were sequentially removed. Significant associations were observed, in meta-regression, between the SMD and publication year (t = -3.25, p = 0.003), but not baseline cholesterol concentrations. CONCLUSION Statin treatment significantly lowers ADMA concentrations. This effect is independent of baseline cholesterol. Prospective studies are required to determine whether ADMA-lowering mediates, at least partly, the protective effects of statins against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021275123).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia.
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11
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Erusalimsky JD. The use of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation-end products (sRAGE) as a potential biomarker of disease risk and adverse outcomes. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101958. [PMID: 33839083 PMCID: PMC8113049 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) has been classically considered a sink for pro-inflammatory RAGE ligands and as such has been associated with protection from inflammatory stress and disease. An alternative, though not mutually exclusive view is that high levels of sRAGE in circulation reflect the overstimulation of cell surface RAGE which if persistent, lead to the amplification of pro-inflammatory processes and the exacerbation of pathological states. With these two scenarios in mind this review focuses on the potential role of sRAGE as a prospective biomarker of disease risk and adverse outcomes. The prognostic value of measuring sRAGE levels in blood is subjected to debate. Raised sRAGE levels may result from the overstimulation of cell surface RAGE. Raised sRAGE may reflect chronic inflammation and multimorbidity rather than a healthy state. sRAGE is a promising biomarker of disease risk and adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge D Erusalimsky
- The Cellular Senescence and Pathophysiology Group, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK.
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12
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Nadali M, Lyngfelt L, Erlandsson MC, Silfverswärd ST, Andersson KME, Bokarewa MI, Pullerits R. Low Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Precedes and Predicts Cardiometabolic Events in Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:594622. [PMID: 33585503 PMCID: PMC7876441 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.594622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) causes premature mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Levels of soluble (s)RAGE change with aging, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. We assessed whether sRAGE was associated with increased risk of CVD in RA patients. Methods: Serum sRAGE was measured in 184 female RA patients and analyzed with respect to CVD risk estimated by the Framingham algorithm (eCVR), metabolic profile and inflammation. Levels of sRAGE in 13 patients with known cardio-metabolic morbidity defined the cut-off for low sRAGE. Prospective 5-year follow-up of new CV and metabolic events was completed. Results: Low sRAGE was significantly associated with previous history and with new imminent cardiometabolic events in the prospective follow-up of RA patients. In both cases, low sRAGE reflected higher estimation of CVR in those patients. Low sRAGE was attributed to adverse metabolic parameters including high fasting plasma glucose and body fat content rather than inflammation. The association of sRAGE and poor metabolic profile was prominent in patients younger than 50 years. Conclusions: This study points at low sRAGE as a marker of metabolic failure developed during chronic inflammation. It highlights the importance for monitoring metabolic health in female RA patients for timely prevention of CVD. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov with ID NCT03449589. Registered 28, February 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Nadali
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Rheumatology Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Lyngfelt
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin C Erlandsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Rheumatology Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Töyrä Silfverswärd
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin M E Andersson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria I Bokarewa
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Rheumatology Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rille Pullerits
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Cuthbert GA, Shaik F, Harrison MA, Ponnambalam S, Homer-Vanniasinkam S. Scavenger Receptors as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112453. [PMID: 33182772 PMCID: PMC7696859 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of atherosclerosis leads to the formation of plaques in the arterial wall, resulting in a decreased blood supply to tissues and organs and its sequelae: morbidity and mortality. A class of membrane-bound proteins termed scavenger receptors (SRs) are closely linked to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Increasing interest in understanding SR structure and function has led to the idea that these proteins could provide new routes for cardiovascular disease diagnosis, management, and treatment. In this review, we consider the main classes of SRs that are implicated in arterial disease. We consider how our understanding of SR-mediated recognition of diverse ligands, including modified lipid particles, lipids, and carbohydrates, has enabled us to better target SR-linked functionality in disease. We also link clinical studies on vascular disease to our current understanding of SR biology and highlight potential areas that are relevant to cardiovascular disease management and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A. Cuthbert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+44 113 3433007
| | - Faheem Shaik
- School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (F.S.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Sreenivasan Ponnambalam
- School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (F.S.); (S.P.)
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14
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Melin EO, Dereke J, Hillman M. Higher levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and lower levels of the extracellular newly identified receptor for advanced glycation end products were associated with lipid-lowering drugs in patients with type 1 diabetes: a comparative cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:223. [PMID: 33054750 PMCID: PMC7557054 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are increased in atherosclerotic plaques. Soluble (s)RAGE decreases, whereas the extracellular newly identified receptor for advanced glycation end products (EN-RAGE) increases inflammatory responses mediated by RAGE. The aims were to explore whether sRAGE, EN-RAGE and the EN-RAGE/sRAGE ratio, were associated with the use of lipid-lowering drugs (LLD) and/or antihypertensive drugs (AHD) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods Cross-sectional design. T1D patients were consecutively recruited from one diabetes clinic. Blood samples were collected, supplemented with data from electronic health records. sRAGE and EN-RAGE were analysed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. An EN-RAGE/sRAGE ratio was calculated. Adjustments were performed with inflammatory and metabolic variables, s-creatinine, depression, smoking, physical inactivity, medication, and cardiovascular complications. Multiple regression analyses were performed. Results In this study 283 T1D patients (men 56%, 18–59 years) were included. One-hundred and thirty LLD users compared to 153 non-users had lower levels of the EN-RAGE/sRAGE ratio (P = 0.009), and 89 AHD users compared to 194 non-users had lower levels of sRAGE (P = 0.031). The use of LLD (inversely) (B coefficient − 0.158, P = 0.033) and the use of AHD (B coefficient 0.187, P = 0.023) were associated with the EN-RAGE/sRAGE ratio. sRAGE (Lg10) (per unit) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.4–9.1, P = 0.009), EN-RAGE (Lg10) (per unit) (inversely) (AOR 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2–1.0, P = 0.046), age (P < 0.001), and triglycerides (P < 0.029), were associated with LLD. sRAGE (Lg10) (per unit) (inversely) (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1–0.5, P = 0.001), diabetes duration, triglycerides, s-creatinine, and systolic BP (all P values < 0.043), were associated with AHD. Conclusions Higher sRAGE levels and lower EN-RAGE levels were linked to the use of LLD, whereas lower sRAGE levels were linked to the use of AHD. No other variables but the use of LLD and the use of AHD were linked to the EN-RAGE/sRAGE ratio. This may be of major importance as sRAGE is an inhibitor and EN-RAGE is a stimulator of inflammatory processes mediated by RAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva O Melin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,Department of Research and Development, Region Kronoberg, Box 1223, SE-35112, Växjö, Sweden.
| | - Jonatan Dereke
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hillman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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15
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Hong JY, Kim MJ, Hong JK, Noh HH, Park KY, Lee MK, Seo SJ. In vivo quantitative analysis of advanced glycation end products in atopic dermatitis—Possible culprit for the comorbidities? Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:1012-1016. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Hong
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Dermatology Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jun Ki Hong
- Department of Dermatology Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Hyun Ha Noh
- Department of Dermatology Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Seong Jun Seo
- Department of Dermatology Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
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16
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Ebert H, Lacruz ME, Kluttig A, Simm A, Greiser KH, Tiller D, Kartschmit N, Mikolajczyk R. Association between advanced glycation end products, their soluble receptor, and mortality in the general population: Results from the CARLA study. Exp Gerontol 2019; 131:110815. [PMID: 31857132 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the plasma are associated with a number of age-related diseases that possibly lead to reduced longevity. However, previous studies showed large inconsistencies in the association between AGEs or their soluble receptor (sRAGE) and mortality. We studied this association in a cohort study of general population and assessed the potential changes in this association over time. METHODS We used data of 958 men and 802 women from the general population in Halle, Germany with a follow up of 12 years. The associations were assessed by means of Kaplan-Meyer survival curves and multivariable and time-varying Cox-regression. RESULTS AGEs and sRAGE were either not or only weakly (and in the other direction than expected) associated with all-cause mortality after 12 years follow-up in men and women (AGEs: Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.93, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.83-1.05 for men; HR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.74-1.05 for women; sRAGE: HR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.95-1.23 for men; HR = 1.10, 95%CI = 0.92-1.30 for women). There was no change of the predictive values over the follow up time. Sub-analyses with participants with and without AGEs-related conditions (diabetes mellitus and decreased renal function), with age stratified groups (younger (<65 years) and older (≥65 years) participants), with cardiovascular disease mortality as the outcome and the AGE/sRAGE ratio as predictor provided similar results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a lack of the expected association with mortality and contribute to the inconsistent findings for plasma-measured AGEs, sRAGE, and AGE/sRAGE ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Ebert
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Maria Elena Lacruz
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Simm
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Middle German Heart Centre at the University Hospital Halle, Germany.
| | - Karin Halina Greiser
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center DKFZ (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Daniel Tiller
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Nadja Kartschmit
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
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17
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Paradela-Dobarro B, Agra RM, Álvarez L, Varela-Román A, García-Acuña JM, González-Juanatey JR, Álvarez E, García-Seara FJ. The different roles for the advanced glycation end products axis in heart failure and acute coronary syndrome settings. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:1050-1060. [PMID: 31371263 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This work aimed to compare the behavior of the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their soluble receptor (sRAGE) in two cohorts of patients: those with heart failure (HF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS A unicentric observational clinical study was performed in 102 patients with ACS and 102 patients with chronic HF matched by age and gender. At inclusion, fluorescent AGEs were measured by quantitative fluorescence spectroscopy of plasma, and total sRAGE and endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. A 5-year follow-up period was established for recording cardiac death (primary endpoint) and the incidence of non-fatal myocardial infarction or HF readmission (secondary endpoints). Higher glycation parameters were observed in HF patients, whereas no differences in sRAGE forms were found between HF and ACS cohorts, except for cRAGE, which was higher in HF. Associations between glycation parameters and sRAGE forms were observed in HF, but not in ACS. Differences were also evidenced in the long-term prognosis of each cohort: esRAGE showed an independent prognostic value for cardiac death or non-fatal cardiovascular events in HF, but none of the AGE-RAGE variables were predictors in ACS. CONCLUSIONS A different role for the AGE-RAGE axis was observed in HF and ACS. All the sRAGE forms were directly related with glycation parameters in HF, but not in ACS. The independent value of the sRAGE forms on each cardiovascular disease was supported by esRAGE being an independent predictor of bad long-term prognosis only for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Paradela-Dobarro
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Agra
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Leyre Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alfonso Varela-Román
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - José M García-Acuña
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - José R González-Juanatey
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J García-Seara
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
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18
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Jud P, Sourij H. Therapeutic options to reduce advanced glycation end products in patients with diabetes mellitus: A review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 148:54-63. [PMID: 30500546 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) defines metabolic disorders, characterised by elevated levels of blood glucose. Chronic hyperglycaemic state promotes consequently the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the expression of their receptor (RAGE) which aggravate many diabetic complications. Due to the relevant role of AGEs and RAGE, several therapeutic approaches with an anti-AGE or RAGE-antagonizing effect are investigated. These therapeutic options include AGE cross-link breakers, AGE inhibitors, RAGE antagonists, drugs clinically approved for various indications like antidiabetic, antihypertensive drugs or statins, as well as dietary and phytotherapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is to give an overview of these therapeutic approaches, their outcomes in clinical studies and their role in the management of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jud
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Harald Sourij
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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19
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Nabi R, Alvi SS, Saeed M, Ahmad S, Khan MS. Glycation and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Implication in Diabetes and Associated Complications. Curr Diabetes Rev 2019; 15:213-223. [PMID: 30246643 DOI: 10.2174/1573399814666180924113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes Mellitus (DM) acts as an absolute mediator of cardiovascular risk, prompting the prolonged occurrence, size and intricacy of atherosclerotic plaques via enhanced Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) formation. Moreover, hyperglycemia is associated with enhanced glyco-oxidized and oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) possessing greater atherogenicity and decreased the ability to regulate HMG-CoA reductase (HMG-R). Although aminoguanidine (AG) prevents the AGE-induced protein cross-linking due to its anti-glycation potential, it exerts several unusual pharmaco-toxicological effects thus restraining its desirable therapeutic effects. HMG-R inhibitors/ statins exhibit a variety of beneficial impacts in addition to the cholesterol-lowering effects. OBJECTIVE Inhibition of AGEs interaction with receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and glyco-oxidized-LDL by HMG-R inhibitors could decrease LDL uptake by LDL-receptor (LDL-R), regulate cholesterol synthesis via HMG-R, decrease oxidative and inflammatory stress to improve the diabetes-associated complications. CONCLUSION Current article appraises the pathological AGE-RAGE concerns in diabetes and its associated complications, mainly focusing on the phenomenon of both circulatory AGEs and those accumulating in tissues in diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy, discussing the potential protective role of HMG-R inhibitors against diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Nabi
- Clinical Biochemistry & Natural Product Research Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, U.P, India
| | - Sahir Sultan Alvi
- Clinical Biochemistry & Natural Product Research Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, U.P, India
| | - Mohammad Saeed
- Department of Clinical Lab. Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Laboratory of Glycation Biology and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Biosciences, Integral University Lucknow, 226026, U.P, India
| | - Mohammad Salman Khan
- Clinical Biochemistry & Natural Product Research Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, U.P, India
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20
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Simeone P, Boccatonda A, Liani R, Santilli F. Significance of urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B 2 in age-related diseases: Focus on atherothrombosis. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 48:51-78. [PMID: 30273676 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelet activation plays a key role in atherogenesis and atherothrombosis. Biochemical evidence of increased platelet activation in vivo can be reliably obtained through non-invasive measurement of thromboxane metabolite (TXM) excretion. Persistent biosynthesis of TXA2 has been associated with several ageing-related diseases, including acute and chronic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors, such as cigarette smoking, type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, chronic inflammatory diseases. Given the systemic nature of TX excretion, involving predominantly platelet but also extraplatelet sources, urinary TXM may reflect either platelet cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)-dependent TX generation or COX-2-dependent biosynthesis by inflammatory cells and/or platelets, or a combination of the two, especially in clinical settings characterized by low-grade inflammation or enhanced platelet turnover. Although urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels are largely suppressed with low-dose aspirin, incomplete TXM suppression by aspirin predicts the future risk of vascular events and death in high-risk patients and may identify individuals who might benefit from treatments that more effectively block in vivo TX production or activity. Several disease-modifying agents, including lifestyle intervention, antidiabetic drugs and antiplatelet agents besides aspirin have been shown to reduce TX biosynthesis. Taken together, these aspects may contribute to the development of promising mechanism-based therapeutic strategies to reduce the progression of atherothrombosis. We intended to critically review current knowledge on both the pathophysiological significance of urinary TXM excretion in clinical settings related to ageing and atherothrombosis, as well as its prognostic value as a biomarker of vascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Luigi Polacchi, Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Boccatonda
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Luigi Polacchi, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossella Liani
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Luigi Polacchi, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Luigi Polacchi, Chieti, Italy.
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Palma-Duran SA, Kontogianni MD, Vlassopoulos A, Zhao S, Margariti A, Georgoulis M, Papatheodoridis G, Combet E. Serum levels of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and the decoy soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) can identify non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in age-, sex- and BMI-matched normo-glycemic adults. Metabolism 2018; 83:120-127. [PMID: 29409822 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious health problem affecting ~25% of the global population. While NAFLD pathogenesis is still unclear, multiple NAFLD parameters, including reduced insulin sensitivity, impaired glucose metabolism and increased oxidative stress are hypothesised to foster the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Given the link of AGEs with end organ damage, there is scope to examine the role of the AGE/RAGE axis activation in liver injury and NAFLD. METHODS Age, sex and body mass index matched normo-glycemic NAFLD adults (n = 58) and healthy controls (n = 58) were enrolled in the study. AGEs were analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CML, CEL), fluorescence (pentosidine, AGE fluorescence), colorimetry (fructosamine) and ELISA (sRAGE). Their association with liver function, inflammation, fibrosis and stage of NAFLD was examined. RESULTS Early and advanced glycation end-products, except Nε-carboxymethyl-L-lysine (CML), were 10-30% higher, sRAGE levels 1.7-fold lower, and glycation/sRAGE ratios 4-fold higher in the NAFLD cases compared to controls. While AGEs presented weak to moderate correlations with indices of liver function and damage (AST/ALT, HOMA-IR, TNF-α and TGF-β1), including sRAGE to characterize the AGEs/sRAGE axis strengthened the associations observed. High glycation/sRAGE ratios were associated with 1.3 to 14-fold likelihood of lower AST/ALT ratios. The sum of AGEs/sRAGE ratios accurately distinguished between healthy controls and NAFLD patients (area under the curve of 0.85). Elevated AGEs/sRAGE (>7.8 mmol/pmol) was associated with a 12-fold likelihood of the presence of NAFLD. CONCLUSION These findings strengthen the involvement of AGEs-RAGE axis in liver injury and the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana A Palma-Duran
- Human Nutrition, New Lister Building, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Meropi D Kontogianni
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Vlassopoulos
- Human Nutrition, New Lister Building, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Shudong Zhao
- Human Nutrition, New Lister Building, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Aikaterini Margariti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meedical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Georgoulis
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - George Papatheodoridis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meedical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Emilie Combet
- Human Nutrition, New Lister Building, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.
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Asymptomatic HIV People Present Different Profiles of sCD14, sRAGE, DNA Damage, and Vitamins, according to the Use of cART and CD4 + T Cell Restoration. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7531718. [PMID: 29992171 PMCID: PMC5914107 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7531718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to analyze markers of immune activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in 92 asymptomatic HIV-infected patients according to the adequate (AR, >500 cells/mm3) or inadequate (IR, <500 cells/mm3) CD4+ T recovery and the presence or absence of antiretroviral treatment (cART). In relation to those newly diagnosed, they were divided into two groups, cART-naïve IR (nIR) and cART-naïve AR (nAR). Among those diagnosed more than five years ago, the following division was made: the cART-naïve long-term nonprogressors (LTNP); patient under cART and AR (tAR); and patients under cART and IR (tIR). We investigated the expression of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), high-mobility group-box protein −1 (HMGB1), soluble CD14 (sCD14), IL-8, IL-10, 8-isoprostane, vitamins, and DNA damage. We observed higher levels of sRAGE in tAR as compared to nIR, nAR, LTNP, and more sCD14 than in nIR and nAR. As for IL-10 levels, we found nIR > nAR > LTNP > tAR > tIR. Higher levels of 8-isoprostane were observed in nIR. LTNP presented a higher retinol dosage than tAR and less genotoxic damage induced by oxidative stress than the other groups. We suggest that the therapy, despite being related to lesser immune activation and inflammation, alters the vitamin profile and consequently increases the oxidative stress of patients. In addition, the lowest genotoxic index for LTNP indicates that both VL and cART could be responsible for the increased DNA damage. More studies are needed to understand the influence of cART on persistent immune activation and inflammation.
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Plasmatic Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products as a New Oxidative Stress Biomarker in Patients with Prosthetic-Joint-Associated Infections? DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:6140896. [PMID: 29386700 PMCID: PMC5745725 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6140896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most common cause of failure of total joint arthroplasty, but a gold standard for PJI diagnosis is still lacking. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are proinflammatory molecules inducing intracellular oxidative stress (OS) after binding to their cell membrane receptors (RAGE). The aim of this study was to evaluate plasmatic soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), as a new OS and infection marker correlating sRAGE to the level of OS and antioxidant defenses, in PJI, in order to explore the possible application of this new biomarker in the early diagnosis of PJI. Plasmatic sRAGE levels (by ELISA assay), plasma antioxidant total defenses (by lag time method), plasma reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels (by colorimetric assay) were evaluated in 11 PJI patients and in 30 matched controls. ROS and TBARS were significantly higher (p < 0.001) while plasma total antioxidant capacity and sRAGE were significantly lower (p < 0.01) in patients with PJI compared to controls. Our results confirm the OS in PJI and show a strong negative correlation between the level of sRAGE and oxidative status, suggesting the plasmatic sRAGE as a potential marker for improving PJI early diagnosis.
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Abstract
In patients with acute atherothrombotic disease, diabetes or glucose intolerance is frequently found. Indeed, the number of people with diabetes in the world continues to increase and is expected to reach more than 500 million people by 2035. Diabetes is a pathology commonly associated with both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Although the mortality of coronary artery disease has decreased significantly over the past 20 years, mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes has changed little and atherothrombotic events remain the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Although our understanding of vascular pathology has greatly evolved in recent years, the cellular and molecular mechanisms linking thrombogenicity and diabetes remain incompletely understood. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are prothrombotic pathologies. This prothrombotic state is due to both hyperglycemia and chronic hyperinsulinism. Among the different agonists involved in the increased thrombogenicity of diabetic patients, abnormalities can be found in all phases of coagulation. Increased procoagulant factors and tissue factor associated with impaired fibrinolysis, platelet hyperreactivity, endothelial dysfunction, leukocyte activation, low-grade inflammation, and microparticle involvement, they all play a role in the establishment of this prothrombotic condition. This review sought to provide an update on the prothrombotic nature of diabetes and its consequences in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Picard
- Interventional cardiology department, Cochin hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - J Adjedj
- Interventional cardiology department, Cochin hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - O Varenne
- Interventional cardiology department, Cochin hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France.
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Danoff A, Kendall MA, Currier JS, Kelesidis T, Schmidt AM, Aberg JA. Soluble Levels of Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) and Progression of Atherosclerosis in Individuals Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: ACTG NWCS 332. Inflammation 2017; 39:1354-62. [PMID: 27216802 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Identification of biomarkers and/or mediators of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with HIV infection would be of diagnostic and therapeutic value. As soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE) and endogenous secretory (esRAGE) have been implicated in vascular complications in other settings, we investigated whether either soluble form of RAGE was associated with changes in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in HIV-infected patients and HIV-uninfected controls. We found no differences in sRAGE, esRAGE, or CIMT among groups at study entry, or in yearly rates of change in sRAGE, esRAGE, or CIMT by HIV-serostatus (all p > 0.10). However, yearly rates of change in sRAGE (p = 0.07) and esRAGE (p < 0.001) were higher in those taking protease inhibitors, and lower baseline esRAGE levels (p = 0.06) were associated with increased odds of CIMT progression in HIV-infected individuals. Although esRAGE was not altered by HIV-serostatus (p = 0.17), its inverse relationship with CIMT progression in HIV-infected patients suggests a possible role as a mediator of CVD in HIV-infected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Danoff
- Department of Medicine, VA Corporal Michael J Crecenz VA Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Perelman School of Medicine, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA.
| | - Michelle A Kendall
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judith S Currier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Shekhtman A, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Glycation & the RAGE axis: targeting signal transduction through DIAPH1. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 14:147-156. [PMID: 27967251 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1271719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The consequences of chronic disease are vast and unremitting; hence, understanding the pathogenic mechanisms mediating such disorders holds promise to identify therapeutics and diminish the consequences. The ligands of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) accumulate in chronic diseases, particularly those characterized by inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Although first discovered and reported as a receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the expansion of the repertoire of RAGE ligands implicates the receptor in diverse milieus, such as autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, obesity, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Areas covered: This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the ligand families of RAGE and data from human subjects and animal models on the role of the RAGE axis in chronic diseases. The recent discovery that the cytoplasmic domain of RAGE binds to the formin homology 1 (FH1) domain, DIAPH1, and that this interaction is essential for RAGE ligand-stimulated signal transduction, is discussed. Finally, we review therapeutic opportunities targeting the RAGE axis as a means to mitigate chronic diseases. Expert commentary: With the aging of the population and the epidemic of cardiometabolic disease, therapeutic strategies to target molecular pathways that contribute to the sequelae of these chronic diseases are urgently needed. In this review, we propose that the ligand/RAGE axis and its signaling nexus is a key factor in the pathogenesis of chronic disease and that therapeutic interruption of this pathway may improve quality and duration of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Shekhtman
- a Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany , NY , 12222 , USA
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- b Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine , NYU Langone Medical Center , New York , NY , 10016 , USA
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- b Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine , NYU Langone Medical Center , New York , NY , 10016 , USA
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The Initial Months of Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Influence on AGEs, HMGB1, and sRAGE Levels in Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Individuals. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:2909576. [PMID: 28042203 PMCID: PMC5155112 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2909576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the typical comorbidities of aging which currently affects people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be partially ascribed to the persistent immune activation and chronic inflammation characterizing these individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect exerted by combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) administration on plasma levels of HMGB1 (high mobility group box protein-1), AGEs (advanced glycation end products), their soluble receptor sRAGE, cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), and some metabolic markers in asymptomatic PLWHA. Analyses were performed longitudinally in 30 PLWHA, before and about 6–12 months after cART initiation. We observed that lower levels of AGEs in post-cART group were accompanied by an increase of CRP and triglyceride levels already in the early months of therapy. Because of the current ever-earlier recommendations to start cART and its prolonged use, these and other markers should be investigated in order to monitor and postpone the appearance of non-AIDS comorbidities in PLWHA.
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Prasad K, Dhar I, Zhou Q, Elmoselhi H, Shoker M, Shoker A. AGEs/sRAGE, a novel risk factor in the pathogenesis of end-stage renal disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 423:105-114. [PMID: 27714575 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with its cell-bound receptor (RAGE) results in cell dysfunction through activation of nuclear factor kappa-B, increase in expression and release of inflammatory cytokines, and generation of oxygen radicals. Circulating soluble receptors, soluble receptor (sRAGE), endogenous secretory receptor (esRAGE) and cleaved receptor (cRGAE) act as decoy for RAGE ligands and thus have cytoprotective effects. Low levels of sRAGE and esRAGE have been proposed as biomarkers for many diseases. However sRAGE and esRAGE levels are elevated in diabetes and chronic renal diseases and still tissue injury occurs. It is possible that increases in levels of AGEs are greater than increases in the levels of soluble receptors in these two diseases. Some new parameters have to be used which could be an universal biomarkers for cell dysfunction. It is hypothesized that increases in serum levels of AGEs are greater than the increases in the soluble receptors, and that the levels of AGEs is correlated with soluble receptors and that the ratios of AGEs/sRAGE, AGEs/esRAGE and AGEs/cRAGE are elevated in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and would serve as an universal risk marker for ESRD. The study subject comprised of 88 patients with ESRD and 20 healthy controls. AGEs, sRAGE and esRAGE were measured using commercially available enzyme linked immune assay kits. cRAGE was calculated by subtracting esRAGE from sRAGE. The data show that the serum levels of AGEs, sRAGE, cRAGE are elevated and that the elevation of AGEs was greater than those of soluble receptors. The ratios of AGEs/sRAGE, AGEs/esRAGE and AGEs/cRAGE were elevated and the elevation was similar in AGEs/sRAGE and AGEs/cRAGE but greater than AGEs/esRAGE. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive value of AGEs/sRAGE and AGEs/cRAGE were 86.36 and 84.88 %, 86.36 and 80.95 %, 0.98 and 0.905, 96.2 and 94.8 %, and 61.29 and 56.67 % respectively. There was a positive correlation of sRAGE with esRAGE and cRAGE, and AGEs with esRAGE; and negative correlation between sRAGE and AGEs/sRAGE, esRAGE and AGES/esRAGE, and cRAGE and AGES/cRAGE. In conclusion, AGEs/sRAGE, AGEs/cRAGE and AGEs/esRAGE may serve as universal risk biomarkers for ESRD and that AGEs/sRAGE and AGEs/cRAGE are better risk biomarkers than AGEs/esRAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash Prasad
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
| | - Indu Dhar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Qifeng Zhou
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Hamdi Elmoselhi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Muhammad Shoker
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ahmed Shoker
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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López-Díez R, Shekhtman A, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Cellular mechanisms and consequences of glycation in atherosclerosis and obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2244-2252. [PMID: 27166197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins imparts diversity to protein functions. The process of glycation represents a complex set of pathways that mediates advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation, detoxification, intracellular disposition, extracellular release, and induction of signal transduction. These processes modulate the response to hyperglycemia, obesity, aging, inflammation, and renal failure, in which AGE formation and accumulation is facilitated. It has been shown that endogenous anti-AGE protective mechanisms are thwarted in chronic disease, thereby amplifying accumulation and detrimental cellular actions of these species. Atop these considerations, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE)-mediated pathways downregulate expression and activity of the key anti-AGE detoxification enzyme, glyoxalase-1 (GLO1), thereby setting in motion an interminable feed-forward loop in which AGE-mediated cellular perturbation is not readily extinguished. In this review, we consider recent work in the field highlighting roles for glycation in obesity and atherosclerosis and discuss emerging strategies to block the adverse consequences of AGEs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck & Jan F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel López-Díez
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Alexander Shekhtman
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Caspar-Bell G, Dhar I, Prasad K. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and its receptors in the pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 414:171-8. [PMID: 26895319 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism and its complications. Interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with receptor RAGE (receptor for AGEs) generates reactive oxygen species. Soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) competes with RAGE for binding with AGEs and attenuates the generation of ROS. Low levels sRAGE and high levels AGEs would generate more ROS leading to hyperthyroidism and its complications. The objectives are to determine if levels of serum sRAGE are low and the levels of AGEs and AGEs/sRAGE are high in patients with hyperthyroidism. The study subjects comprised of 33 patients with hyperthyroidism and 20 controls. Levels of serum sRAGE were lower, while that of AGEs and AGEs/sRAGE were higher in patients compared to controls, being significant only for sRAGE and AGEs/sRAGE. When the levels of sRAGE, AGEs, and AGEs/sRAGE were assessed for hyperthyroidism associated with different diseases, the levels of sRAGE were lower in Hashimoto disease, and levels of AGEs were higher in patients with Graves' disease compared to control. The levels of AGEs/sRAGE were elevated in an all except patients with Hashimoto disease. The levels of AGEs, sRAGE, or AGEs/RAGE were not correlated with age, weight, and blood pressures except systolic pressure which was inversely correlated with sRAGE. The levels of sRAGE were negatively correlated with AGEs and AGEs/sRAGE. The levels of AGEs/sRAGE were positively correlated with AGEs. In conclusion, low levels of sRAGE, and high levels of AGEs and AGEs/sRAGE are risk biomarkers in the pathogenesis hyperthyroidism and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Caspar-Bell
- Department of Medicine and Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Indu Dhar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kailash Prasad
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Abstract
Background Interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGE) with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) act as a decoy for AGE by competing with RAGE and suppressing developing atherosclerosis. Hypercholesterolemia and the oxidative stress are known factors involved in atherosclerosis. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is known to exert a protective effect against the development of atherosclerosis. We hypothesize that hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis may be mediated through the AGE-RAGE axis. Objectives Two objectives to be determined are: (1) if hypercholesterolemia is positively correlated with serum AGE, AGE/sRAGE, and malondialdehyde (MDA: a marker for oxidative stress) and (2) if the protective effect of HDL-C is positively associated with serum sRAGE and negatively correlated with the levels of AGE and AGE/sRAGE. Methods Measurement of serum lipid levels from 100 patients allowed the separation into two groups (hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic). Measurements of serum levels of AGE, sRAGE, and MDA were performed. Results Serum levels of sRAGE were lower, while the levels of AGE and AGE/sRAGE were higher in hypercholesterolemic subjects as compared with normocholesterolemic subjects. sRAGE levels are positively correlated with HDL, while they are negatively correlated with low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and MDA in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Conclusions Hypercholesterolemia is positively correlated with serum AGE, AGE/sRAGE, and MDA. The effect of HDL-C may be due to increases in sRAGE and decreases in the levels of AGE and AGE/sRAGE. Hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis may be mediated through the AGE-RAGE axis; however, more research must be conducted.
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Association between plasma soluble RAGE and renal function is unaffected by medication usage and enzymatic antioxidants in chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 453:56-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Santilli F, D'Ardes D, Davì G. Oxidative stress in chronic vascular disease: From prediction to prevention. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 74:23-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Yonchuk JG, Silverman EK, Bowler RP, Agustí A, Lomas DA, Miller BE, Tal-Singer R, Mayer RJ. Circulating soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) as a biomarker of emphysema and the RAGE axis in the lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:785-92. [PMID: 26132989 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201501-0137pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous disease that has been traditionally characterized by incompletely reversible airflow limitation. Yet, the latter is poorly correlated with many other clinically relevant characteristics of the disease. Thus, the identification of biomarkers to more accurately assess this heterogeneity and disease severity may facilitate the discovery and development of new treatments and better management of patients with COPD. One molecule that has attracted attention as a potentially useful biomarker specifically for the emphysema subpopulation is the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE). As the soluble isoform of a key proinflammatory signaling receptor, sRAGE acts as a "decoy" for RAGE ligands and prevents their interaction with the receptor. Multiple reports have now linked sRAGE to COPD, and more specifically to emphysema, and evidence is accumulating that this link is likely mechanistic in nature. Here we review the current state of knowledge about sRAGE biology, the mechanistic links to COPD, and the evidence for using it as a biomarker for emphysema. We also discuss sRAGE as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Yonchuk
- 1 GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Alvar Agustí
- 4 Thorax Institute, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - David A Lomas
- 5 Wolfson Institute for Biochemical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bruce E Miller
- 1 GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruth Tal-Singer
- 1 GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruth J Mayer
- 1 GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
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Schmidt AM. Soluble RAGEs - Prospects for treating & tracking metabolic and inflammatory disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 72:1-8. [PMID: 26130225 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence links the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) to the pathogenesis of tissue damage in chronic metabolic and inflammatory diseases. In human subjects, multiple reports suggest that in the plasma/serum, circulating levels of distinct forms of soluble RAGEs may be biomarkers of the presence or absence, and the extent of chronic disease. These considerations prompt us to consider in this review, what are soluble RAGEs; how are they formed; what might be their natural functions; and may they serve as biomarkers of inflammatory and metabolic disease activity? In this brief review, we seek to address what is known and suggest new areas for scientific investigation to uncover the biology of soluble RAGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Santilli F, Blardi P, Scapellato C, Bocchia M, Guazzi G, Terzuoli L, Tabucchi A, Silvietti A, Lucani B, Gioffrè WR, Scarpini F, Fazio F, Davì G, Puccetti L. Decreased plasma endogenous soluble RAGE, and enhanced adipokine secretion, oxidative stress and platelet/coagulative activation identify non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia and/or metabolic syndrome. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 72:16-24. [PMID: 26117210 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), without metabolic syndrome (MS), occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to a specific pro-inflammatory profile, influenced by genetic traits, involved in oxidative stress and adipokine secretion. Among FCHL or MS patients, hyperactivity of the ligand-receptor for advanced glycation-end-products (RAGE) pathway, as reflected by inadequate protective response by the endogenous secretory (es)RAGE, in concert with genetic predisposition, may identify those with NAFLD even before and regardless of MS. METHODS We cross-sectionally compared 60 patients with vs. 50 without NAFLD. Each group included patients with FCHL alone, MS alone, and FCHL plus MS. RESULTS NAFLD patients had significantly lower plasma esRAGE, IL-10 and adiponectin, and higher CD40 ligand, endogenous thrombin potential and oxidized LDL. The effects of MS plus FCHL were additive. The genotypic cluster including LOX-1 IVS4-14A plus ADIPO 45GG and 256 GT/GG plus IL-10 10-1082G, together with higher esRAGE levels highly discriminate FCHL and MS patients not developing NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS Among FCHL or MS patients, noncarriers of the protective genotypic cluster, with lower esRAGE and higher degree of atherothrombotic abnormalities coincide with the diagnosis of NAFLD. This suggests an interplay between genotype, adipokine secretion, oxidative stress and platelet/coagulative activation, accelerating NAFLD occurrence as a proxy for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Scapellato
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Guazzi
- Unit of Emergency Radiology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Terzuoli
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Tabucchi
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Silvietti
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Fazio
- Department of Medicine and Aging, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Davì
- Department of Medicine and Aging, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - Luca Puccetti
- Division of Hematology, University of Siena, Italy; Atherothrombosis Centre, University of Siena, Italy.
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Litwinoff E, Hurtado Del Pozo C, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Emerging Targets for Therapeutic Development in Diabetes and Its Complications: The RAGE Signaling Pathway. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 98:135-44. [PMID: 25974754 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Types 1 and 2 diabetes are on the rise worldwide. Although the treatment of hyperglycemia has benefited from recent advances, aggressive efforts to maintain euglycemia may be fraught with risk, especially in older subjects or in subjects vulnerable to hypoglycemic unawareness. Hence, strategies to prevent and treat the complications of hyperglycemia are essential. In this review we summarize recent updates on the biology of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) in the pathogenesis of both micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes, insights from the study of mouse models of obesity and diabetic complications, and from associative studies in human subjects. The study of the mechanisms and consequences of the interaction of the RAGE cytoplasmic domain with the formin, mDia1, in RAGE signal transduction, will be discussed. Lastly, we review the "state-of-the-art" on RAGE-directed therapeutics. Tackling RAGE/mDia1 may identify a novel class of therapeutics preventing diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ems Litwinoff
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - C Hurtado Del Pozo
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - R Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - A M Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Ramasamy R, Yan SF, Schmidt AM. Glycation, Inflammation and RAGE. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118828533.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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39
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Takeda M, Ohnuma T, Takeuchi M, Katsuta N, Maeshima H, Takebayashi Y, Higa M, Nakamura T, Nishimon S, Sannohe T, Hotta Y, Hanzawa R, Higashiyama R, Shibata N, Gohda T, Suzuki Y, Yamagishi SI, Tomino Y, Arai H. Altered serum glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end product (AGE) and soluble AGE receptor levels indicate carbonyl stress in patients with schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett 2015; 593:51-5. [PMID: 25766756 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent cross-sectional and longitudinal studies indicate that measurements of peripheral blood carbonyl stress markers such as the advanced glycation end product (AGE) pentosidine and the reactive carbonyl-detoxifying B6 vitamin pyridoxal could be used as therapeutic biological markers in subpopulations of schizophrenia patients. Glyceraldehyde-derived AGEs (Glycer-AGE) have strong neurotoxicity, and soluble receptors for AGEs (sRAGE) may ameliorate the effects of AGEs. In the present study, we measured Glycer-AGEs and sRAGE levels to determine their potential as diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical biological markers in patients with schizophrenia. After enrollment of 61 admitted Japanese patients with acute schizophrenia and 39 healthy volunteers, 54 patients were followed up from the acute stage to remission. Serum biomarkers were measured in blood samples taken before breakfast using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and Glycer-AGEs were significantly higher and sRAGE levels were significantly lower in patients with acute schizophrenia than in healthy controls. Glycer-AGEs/sRAGE ratios were also higher in schizophrenia patients and were stable during the clinical course. Furthermore, discriminant analyses confirmed that Glycer-AGEs and Glycer-AGEs/sRAGE ratios are significant diagnostic markers for schizophrenia, and distinguished between patients and healthy controls in 70.0% of cases. However, these markers of carbonyl stress were not correlated with clinical features, including disease severity, or with daily chlorpromazine doses. These data indicate the potential of Glycer-AGEs, RAGEs, and their relative ratios as diagnostic markers for patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Takeda
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Ohnuma
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Narimasa Katsuta
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeshima
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuto Takebayashi
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Higa
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Nakamura
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Nishimon
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sannohe
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Hotta
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Hanzawa
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Higashiyama
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuto Shibata
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohito Gohda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho-ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tomino
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Heii Arai
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Škrha J, Muravská A, Flekač M, Horová E, Novák J, Novotný A, Prázný M, Škrha J, Kvasnička J, Landová L, Jáchymová M, Zima T, Kalousová M. Fructosamine 3-kinase and glyoxalase I polymorphisms and their association with soluble RAGE and adhesion molecules in diabetes. Physiol Res 2015; 63:S283-91. [PMID: 24908234 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are key players in pathogenesis of long-term vascular diabetes complications. Several enzymes such as fructosamine 3-kinase (FN3K) and glyoxalase I (GLO I) are crucial in preventing glycation processes. The aim of our study was to evaluate an association of FN3K (rs1056534, rs3848403) and GLO1 rs4746 polymorphisms with parameters of endothelial dysfunction and soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) in 595 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Genotypic and allelic frequencies of mentioned polymorphisms did not differ between subgroups. In diabetic patients significant differences were observed in sRAGE concentrations according to their rs1056534 and rs3848403 genotype. While GG and CG genotypes of rs1056534 with mutated G allele were associated with significant decrease of sRAGE (GG: 1055+/-458 and CG: 983+/-363 vs. CC: 1796+/-987 ng/l, p<0.0001), in rs3848403 polymorphism TT genotype with mutated T allele was related with significant sRAGE increase (TT: 1365+/-852 vs. CT: 1016+/-401 and CC: 1087+/-508 ng/l, p=0.05). Significant differences in adhesion molecules were observed in genotype subgroups of GLO1 rs4746 polymorphism. In conclusion, this is the first study describing significant relationship of FN3K (rs1056534) and (rs3848403) polymorphisms with concentration of sRAGE in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Škrha
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Pertynska-Marczewska M, Merhi Z. Relationship of Advanced Glycation End Products With Cardiovascular Disease in Menopausal Women. Reprod Sci 2014; 22:774-82. [PMID: 25228634 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114549845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the most significant cause of death in postmenopausal women. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed by nonenzymatic modification of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids by glucose. This review focuses on the contribution of AGEs and their receptors to the development of CVD in menopause. Advanced glycation end products circulate and activate the proinflammatory endothelial cell surface receptor called RAGE, bind to the extracellular matrix of the cardiovascular system, or bind to the circulating anti-inflammatory soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE). Data emerging from human and animal studies suggest that AGEs and both receptors (RAGE and sRAGE) are implicated in the pathophysiology of CVD. Particular emphasis has been given to the role of AGE-RAGE axis in oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial cell toxicity, and progression of atherosclerosis in menopause. Data accruing from human and animal studies suggest that RAGE expression level and circulating sRAGE level are associated with estradiol and are correlated with CVD risk factors, such as adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. By recognizing the impact of AGEs on atherosclerosis, pharmacological strategies targeting the AGE-RAGE pathway hold therapeutic potential for CVD in menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zaher Merhi
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
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Nozue T, Yamagishi SI, Takeuchi M, Hirano T, Yamamoto S, Tohyama S, Fukui K, Umezawa S, Onishi Y, Kunishima T, Hibi K, Terashima M, Michishita I. Effect of statins on the serum soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end-products and its association with coronary atherosclerosis in patients with angina pectoris. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcme.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shemirani F, Yazdanparast R. The interplay between hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress markers and the level of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in K562 cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 393:179-86. [PMID: 24911882 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and also generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the main causative players in the context of diabetes, are intensified under hyperglycemic condition. The consequences from AGE/RAGE interaction could be attenuated by the soluble form of RAGE, termed sRAGE. In the current study, we studied the link between hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and the level of soluble form of RAGE in K562 cells. Our data revealed a positive correlation between high glucose and/or AGE-modified albumin treatment and oxidative stress status. Besides, a significant decrease in soluble RAGE level following treatments with either AGE-modified albumin or high glucose was observed. However, pretreatment with an appropriate antioxidant such as Resveratrol, markedly elevated the sRAGE level. Hence, sRAGE therapy could be further evaluated as an effective therapeutical approach to attenuate some of the diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnosh Shemirani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Yazdanparast
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tehran, Iran.
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Prasad K. Low levels of serum soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products, biomarkers for disease state: myth or reality. Int J Angiol 2014; 23:11-6. [PMID: 24627612 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1363423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) interact with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) on the membrane and induce deleterious effects via activation of nuclear factor kappa-B, and increased oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators. AGEs also combine with circulating soluble receptors (endogenous secretory RAGE [esRAGE] and soluble receptor for RAGE [sRAGE]) and sequester RAGE ligands and act as a cytoprotective agent. esRAGE is secreted from the cells and is a spliced variant of RAGE. The sRAGE on the other hand is proteolytically cleaved from cell surface receptor via matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs). sRAGE is elevated in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and in patients with decreased renal function. Serum levels of sRAGE are reduced in diseases including coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, essential hypertension, chronic obstructive lung disease, heart failure, and hypercholesterolemia. Serum levels of AGEs are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. However, the increases in serum AGEs are very high in patients with diabetes and renal disease. There is a positive correlation between serum levels of AGEs and RAGE and sRAGE. The elevated levels of sRAGE in patients with diabetes and impaired renal function may be due to increased levels of MMPs. AGEs increase in the expression and production of MMPs, which would increase the cleavage of sRAGE from cell surface. In conclusion, low level of serum sRAGE is a good biomarker for disease other than diabetes and renal disease. A unified formula that takes into consideration of AGEs, sRAGE, and esRAGE such as AGE/sRAGE or AGEs/esRAGE would be better biomarker than sRAGE or esRAGE for all AGE-RAGE-associated diseases including diabetes and renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash Prasad
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H. Controlling the receptor for advanced glycation end-products to conquer diabetic vascular complications. J Diabetes Investig 2014; 3:107-14. [PMID: 24843553 PMCID: PMC4020727 DOI: 10.1111/j.2040-1124.2011.00191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic vascular complications, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke and microangiopathy, lead to high rates of morbidity and mortality in patients with long‐term diabetes. Extensive intracellular and extracellular formation of advanced glycation end‐products (AGE) is considered a causative factor in vascular injuries in diabetes. Receptor‐dependent mechanisms are involved in AGE‐induced cellular dysfunction and tissue damage. The receptor for AGE (RAGE), originally an AGE‐binding receptor, is now recognized as a member of pattern‐recognition receptors and a pro‐inflammatory molecular device that mediates danger signals to the body. Previous animal studies have shown RAGE dependent of diabetic vascular injuries. Prophylactic and therapeutic strategies focusing on RAGE and its ligand axis will be of great importance in conquering diabetic vascular complications. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2011.00191.x, 2012)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
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Xiao L, Sun W, Lan W, Xiong Y, Duan Z, Zhang Z, Fan W, Xu L, Xie X, Ma N, Ye R, Xu G, Liu X, Zhu W. Correlation between cerebral microbleeds and S100B/RAGE in acute lacunar stroke patients. J Neurol Sci 2014; 340:208-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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ADMA/SDMA in elderly subjects with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis: values and site-specific association. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:6391-8. [PMID: 24739810 PMCID: PMC4013635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15046391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor known as a mediator of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Circulating ADMA levels are correlated with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperhomocysteinemia, age and smoking. We assessed the relationship between ADMA values and site-specific association of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque) in elderly subjects. One hundred and eighty subjects underwent a complete history and physical examination, determination of serum chemistries and ADMA levels, and carotid ultrasound investigation (CUI). All subjects had no acute or chronic symptoms of carotid atherosclerosis. Statistical analyses showed that high plasma levels of ADMA/SDMA were positively correlated to carotid atherosclerosis (CIMT and plaque) (p < 0.001), with significant site-specific association. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and C-reactive protein plasma concentrations were significantly associated with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (p < 0.001). High serum concentrations of ADMA and SDMA were associated with carotid atherosclerotic lesions as measured by CIMT ad plaque and may represent a new marker of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in elderly subjects.
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Momma H, Niu K, Kobayashi Y, Huang C, Chujo M, Otomo A, Tadaura H, Miyata T, Nagatomi R. Higher serum soluble receptor for advanced glycation end product levels and lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Japanese adult men: a cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2014; 6:33. [PMID: 24602408 PMCID: PMC4016590 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-6-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies showed that decreased soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), inflammation level has not been considered, even though ligand-RAGE interaction induces inflammation. The objective of the study was to determine the association between sRAGE and MetS among Japanese adult in a cross-sectional survey, taking the level of low grade inflammation into consideration. METHODS Serum soluble RAGE (sRAGE) were measured in 712 men and 176 women aged 30-83 years with serum C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration below 3 mg/L. MetS was defined using the criteria of the American Heart Association Scientific Statements of 2009. RESULTS After multivariable adjustment, among men, higher sRAGE levels were associated with lower odds of MetS as well as central obesity and elevated blood pressure. Comparing the extreme tertiles of sRAGE, odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.58 (0.36-0.95; P for trend = 0.001) for MetS; 0.41 (0.25-0.52; P for trend < 0.001) for central obesity; and 0.45 (0.29-0.70; P for trend < 0.001) for elevated blood pressure. Moreover, participants were categorized according to their median hsCRP and sRAGE values. Men in the higher hsCRP/higher sRAGE category had a 40% lower odds ratio for MetS than those in the higher hsCRP/lower sRAGE category (P = 0.031). Among women, there was no association between sRAGE levels and the prevalence of MetS. CONCLUSIONS Higher circulating RAGE concentrations were associated with lower prevalence of MetS and its components among Japanese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Momma
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku 980-8575 Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yoritoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiko Chujo
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otomo
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | | | - Toshio Miyata
- United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku 980-8575 Sendai, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Neves D. Advanced glycation end-products: a common pathway in diabetes and age-related erectile dysfunction. Free Radic Res 2013; 47 Suppl 1:49-69. [PMID: 23822116 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.821701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactive derivatives of non-enzymatic glucose-protein condensation reactions integrate a heterogeneous group of irreversible adducts called advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Numerous studies have investigated the role of the AGEs in cardiovascular system; however, its contribution to erectile dysfunction (ED) that is an early manifestation of cardiovascular disease has been less intensively investigated. This review summarizes the most recent advances concerning AGEs effects in the cavernous tissue of the penis and in ED onset, particularly on diabetes and aging, conditions that not only favor AGEs formation, but also increase risk of developing ED. The specific contribution of AGE on intra- and extracellular deposition of insoluble complexes, interference in activity of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase, NO bioavailability, endothelial-dependent vasodilatation, as well as molecular pathways activated by receptor of AGEs are presented. Finally, the interventional actions that prevent AGEs formation, accumulation or activity in the cavernous tissue and that include nutritional pattern modulation, nutraceuticals, exercise, therapeutic strategies (statins, anti-diabetics, inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-5, anti-hypertensive drugs) and inhibitors of AGEs formation and crosslink breakers, are discussed. From this review, we conclude that despite the experiments conducted in animal models pointing to the AGE/RAGE axis as a potential interventional target with respect to ED associated with diabetes and aging, the clinical data have been very disappointing and, until now, did not provide evidence of benefits of treatments directed to AGE inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Neves
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine and IBMC of Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof Hernani Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.
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Daffu G, del Pozo CH, O'Shea KM, Ananthakrishnan R, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Radical roles for RAGE in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases and beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:19891-910. [PMID: 24084731 PMCID: PMC3821592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141019891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a central mechanism by which the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) mediates its pathological effects. Multiple experimental inquiries in RAGE-expressing cultured cells have demonstrated that ligand-RAGE interaction mediates generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent downstream signal transduction and regulation of gene expression. The primary mechanism by which RAGE generates oxidative stress is via activation of NADPH oxidase; amplification mechanisms in the mitochondria may further drive ROS production. Recent studies indicating that the cytoplasmic domain of RAGE binds to the formin mDia1 provide further support for the critical roles of this pathway in oxidative stress; mDia1 was required for activation of rac1 and NADPH oxidase in primary murine aortic smooth muscle cells treated with RAGE ligand S100B. In vivo, in multiple distinct disease models in animals, RAGE action generates oxidative stress and modulates cellular/tissue fate in range of disorders, such as in myocardial ischemia, atherosclerosis, and aneurysm formation. Blockade or genetic deletion of RAGE was shown to be protective in these settings. Indeed, beyond cardiovascular disease, evidence is accruing in human subjects linking levels of RAGE ligands and soluble RAGE to oxidative stress in disorders such as doxorubicin toxicity, acetaminophen toxicity, neurodegeneration, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, preeclampsia, rheumatoid arthritis and pulmonary fibrosis. Blockade of RAGE signal transduction may be a key strategy for the prevention of the deleterious consequences of oxidative stress, particularly in chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurdip Daffu
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, Smilow 901C, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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