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Chacar S, Abdi A, Almansoori K, Alshamsi J, Al Hageh C, Zalloua P, Khraibi AA, Holt SG, Nader M. Role of CaMKII in diabetes induced vascular injury and its interaction with anti-diabetes therapy. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:369-382. [PMID: 38064002 PMCID: PMC10943158 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder denoted by chronic hyperglycemia that drives maladaptive structural changes and functional damage to the vasculature. Attenuation of this pathological remodeling of blood vessels remains an unmet target owing to paucity of information on the metabolic signatures of this process. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is expressed in the vasculature and is implicated in the control of blood vessels homeostasis. Recently, CaMKII has attracted a special attention in view of its chronic upregulated activity in diabetic tissues, yet its role in the diabetic vasculature remains under investigation.This review highlights the physiological and pathological actions of CaMKII in the diabetic vasculature, with focus on the control of the dialogue between endothelial (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Activation of CaMKII enhances EC and VSMC proliferation and migration, and increases the production of extracellular matrix which leads to maladaptive remodeling of vessels. This is manifested by activation of genes/proteins implicated in the control of the cell cycle, cytoskeleton organization, proliferation, migration, and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is paralleled by impaired nitric oxide signaling, which is also influenced by CaMKII signaling (activation/oxidation). The efficiency of CaMKII inhibitors is currently being tested in animal models, with a focus on the genetic pathways involved in the regulation of CaMKII expression (microRNAs and single nucleotide polymorphisms). Interestingly, studies highlight an interaction between the anti-diabetic drugs and CaMKII expression/activity which requires further investigation. Together, the studies reviewed herein may guide pharmacological approaches to improve health-related outcomes in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Chacar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Abdulhamid Abdi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalifa Almansoori
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jawaher Alshamsi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cynthia Al Hageh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pierre Zalloua
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A Khraibi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stephen G Holt
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- SEHA Kidney Care, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Moni Nader
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Feng X, Zhang J, Yang R, Bai J, Deng B, Cheng L, Gao F, Xie J, Zhang B. The CaMKII Inhibitory Peptide AIP Alleviates Renal Fibrosis Through the TGF- β/Smad and RAF/ERK Pathways. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:310-322. [PMID: 37419684 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that destroys and replaces the functional renal parenchyma, ultimately leading to organ failure. It is a common pathway by which chronic kidney disease can develop into end-stage renal disease, which has high global morbidity and mortality, and there are currently no good therapeutic agents available. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been indicated to be closely related to the occurrence of renal fibrosis, and its specific inhibitory peptide, autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide (AIP), was shown to directly bind the active site of CaMKII. In this study, we examined the effect of AIP on the progression of renal fibrosis and its possible mechanism. The results showed that AIP could inhibit the expression of the fibrosis markers fibronectin, collagen I, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and α-smooth muscle actin in vivo and in vitro. Further analysis revealed that AIP could inhibit the expression of various epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation-related markers, such as vimentin and Snail 1, in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, AIP could significantly inhibit the activation of CaMKII, Smad 2, Raf, and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) in vitro and in vivo and reduce the expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in vivo. These results suggested that AIP could alleviate renal fibrosis by inhibiting CaMKII and blocking activation of the TGF-β/Smad2 and RAF/ERK pathways. Our study provides a possible drug candidate and demonstrates that CaMKII is a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of renal fibrosis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We have demonstrated that AIP significantly attenuated transforming growth factor-β-1-induced fibrogenesis and ameliorated unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis through the CaMKII/TGF-β/Smad and CaMKII/RAF/ERK signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. Our study provides a possible drug candidate and demonstrates that CaMKII can be a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Runling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingya Bai
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bochuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feiyun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bangzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Koval OM, Nguyen EK, Mittauer DJ, Ait-Aissa K, Chinchankar WC, Grumbach IM. Regulation of Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Mitochondrial Ca2+ in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12897. [PMID: 37629079 PMCID: PMC10454141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic vascular disease due to excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. Here, we investigated the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and Ca2+ levels in VSMC proliferation in T2D. VSMCs were isolated from normoglycemic and T2D-like mice induced by diet. The effects of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake were studied using mice with selectively inhibited mitochondrial Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (mtCaMKII) in VSMCs. Mitochondrial transition pore (mPTP) was blocked using ER-000444793. VSMCs from T2D compared to normoglycemic mice exhibited increased proliferation and baseline cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]cyto). T2D cells displayed lower endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ levels, reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ entry, and increased Ca2+ leakage through the mPTP. Mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca2+ transients were diminished in T2D cells upon platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) administration. Inhibiting mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake or the mPTP reduced VSMC proliferation in T2D, but had contrasting effects on [Ca2+]cyto. In T2D VSMCs, enhanced activation of Erk1/2 and its upstream regulators was observed, driven by elevated [Ca2+]cyto. Inhibiting mtCaMKII worsened the Ca2+ imbalance by blocking mitochondrial Ca2+ entry, leading to further increases in [Ca2+]cyto and Erk1/2 hyperactivation. Under these conditions, PDGF had no effect on VSMC proliferation. Inhibiting Ca2+-dependent signaling in the cytosol reduced excessive Erk1/2 activation and VSMC proliferation. Our findings suggest that altered Ca2+ handling drives enhanced VSMC proliferation in T2D, with mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha M. Koval
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Emily K. Nguyen
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Dylan J. Mittauer
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Karima Ait-Aissa
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - William C. Chinchankar
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Isabella M. Grumbach
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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Han JM, Jung HJ. Synergistic Anticancer Effect of a Combination of Berbamine and Arcyriaflavin A against Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227968. [PMID: 36432068 PMCID: PMC9699626 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain tumor. Relapse is frequent and rapid due to glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) that induce tumor initiation, drug resistance, high cancer invasion, immune evasion, and recurrence. Therefore, suppression of GSCs is a powerful therapeutic approach for GBM treatment. Natural compounds berbamine and arcyriaflavin A (ArcA) are known to possess anticancer activity by targeting calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma (CaMKIIγ) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), respectively. In this study, we evaluated the effects of concurrent treatment with both compounds on GSCs. Combined treatment with berbamine and ArcA synergistically inhibited cell viability and tumorsphere formation in U87MG- and C6-drived GSCs. Furthermore, simultaneous administration of both compounds potently inhibited tumor growth in a U87MG GSC-grafted chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Notably, the synergistic anticancer effect of berbamine and ArcA on GSC growth is associated with the promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and calcium-dependent apoptosis via strong activation of the p53-mediated caspase cascade. Moreover, co-treatment with both compounds significantly reduced the expression levels of key GSC markers, including CD133, integrin α6, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), Nanog, Sox2, and Oct4. The combined effect of berbamine and ArcA on GSC growth also resulted in downregulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins, such as cyclins and CDKs, by potent inactivation of the CaMKIIγ-mediated STAT3/AKT/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. In addition, a genetic knockdown study using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting either CaMKIIγ or CDK4 demonstrated that the synergistic anticancer effect of the two compounds on GSCs resulted from dual inhibition of CaMKIIγ and CDK4. Collectively, our findings suggest that a novel combination therapy involving berbamine and ArcA could effectively eradicate GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Mi Han
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jung
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
- Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-530-2354; Fax: +82-41-530-2939
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Huang X, Huang L, Zhao X, Jia J, Zhang G, Zhang M, Jiang M. A J-Protein OsDjC46 Interacts with ZFP36 to Participate in ABA-Mediated Antioxidant Defense in Rice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020207. [PMID: 35204090 PMCID: PMC8868554 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ZFP36 has been shown to be involved in ABA-induced antioxidant defense and enhance rice tolerance to drought, salt stress and oxidative stress. Using ZFP36 as bait, a yeast two-hybrid system was used to obtain the interacting protein OsDjC46, which belongs to heat shock protein and usually exists in the form of molecular chaperone, was identified. Further Co-IP (co-immunoprecipitation), BiFC (bimolecular fluorescence complement) and GST (glutathione-S-transferase) pull-down experiments verified that ZFP36 interacted with OsDjC46 in vivo and in vitro. Heat shock protein has been shown to increase plant resistance to stresses, but whether OsDjC46 was a key factor in plant response to various stresses has not been reported. Here, various stimuli, such as abscisic acid (ABA), hydrogen peroxidase (H2O2), polyethylene (PEG) and sodium chloride (NaCl) markedly induced the expression of OsDjC46 in the seedlings. Overexpression of OsDjC46 in rice can enhance the tolerance to salinity and drought; in contrast, knockout of OsDjC46 rice plants was more sensitive to salt stress and drought. Further investigation revealed that OsDjC46 could participate in regulating the expression and activities of antioxidant of SOD and CAT under drought and salt stress. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel function of OsDjC46 in adjusting ABA-induced antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxiu Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.H.); (L.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (G.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Liping Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.H.); (L.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (G.Z.); (M.Z.)
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xixi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.H.); (L.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (G.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Jing Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.H.); (L.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (G.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Gang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.H.); (L.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (G.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.H.); (L.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (G.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mingyi Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.H.); (L.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (G.Z.); (M.Z.)
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-84396372
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Yang J, Ji L, Liu S, Jing P, Hu J, Jin D, Wang L, Xie G. The CaM1-associated CCaMK-MKK1/6 cascade positively affects lateral root growth via auxin signaling under salt stress in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6611-6627. [PMID: 34129028 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinases (CCaMKs) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs) are two types of kinases that regulate salt stress response in plants. It remains unclear, however, how they cooperatively affect lateral root growth under salt stress. Here, two conserved phosphorylation sites (S102 and T118) of OsCaM1 were identified, and found to affect the ability to bind to Ca2+in vitro and the kinase activity of OsCCaMK in vivo. OsCCaMK specifically interacted with OsMKK1/6 in a Ca2+/CaM-dependent manner. In vitro kinase and in vivo dual-luciferase assays revealed that OsCCaMK phosphorylated OsMKK6 while OsMKK1 phosphorylated OsCCaMK. Overexpression and antisense-RNA repression expression of OsCaM1-1, and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing mutations of OsMKK1, OsMKK6, and OsMKK1/6 proved that OsCaM1-1, OsMKK1, and OsMKK6 enhanced the auxin content in roots and lateral root growth under salt stress. Consistently, OsCaM1-1, OsMKK1, and OsMKK6 regulated the transcript levels of the genes of this cascade, and salt stress-related and lateral root growth-related auxin signaling under salt stress in rice roots. These findings demonstrate that the OsCaM1-associated OsCCaMK-OsMKK1/6 cascade plays a critical role in recruiting auxin signaling in rice roots. These results also provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism of the CaM-mediated phosphorylation relay cascade to auxin signaling in lateral root growth under salt stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lingxiao Ji
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pei Jing
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jin Hu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Deming Jin
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lingqiang Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Lam B, Roudier E. Considering the Role of Murine Double Minute 2 in the Cardiovascular System? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:320. [PMID: 31921839 PMCID: PMC6916148 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is the main negative regulator of the tumor protein p53 (TP53). Extensive studies over more than two decades have confirmed MDM2 oncogenic role through mechanisms both TP53-dependent and TP53-independent oncogenic function. These studies have contributed to designate MDM2 as a therapeutic target of choice for cancer treatment and the number of patents for MDM2 antagonists has increased immensely over the last years. However, the question of the physiological functions of MDM2 has not been fully resolved yet, particularly when expressed and regulated physiologically in healthy tissue. Cardiovascular complications are almost an inescapable side-effect of anti-cancer therapies. While several MDM2 antagonists are entering phase I, II and even III of clinical trials, this review proposes to bring awareness on the physiological role of MDM2 in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lam
- Angiogenesis Research Group, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Muscle Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emilie Roudier
- Angiogenesis Research Group, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Muscle Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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García-Prieto CF, Gil-Ortega M, Plaza A, Manzano-Lista FJ, González-Blázquez R, Alcalá M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez P, Viana M, Aránguez I, Gollasch M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Caloric restriction induces H 2O 2 formation as a trigger of AMPK-eNOS-NO pathway in obese rats: Role for CAMKII. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 139:35-45. [PMID: 31100477 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) improves endothelial function through the upregulation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Moreover, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is upregulated in yeast subjected to CR. Our aim was to assess if mild short-term CR increases vascular H2O2 formation as a link with AMPK and eNOS activation. Twelve-week old Zucker obese (fa/fa) and control Zucker lean male rats were fed a standard chow either ad libitum (AL, n=10) or with a 20% CR (CR, n=10) for two weeks. CR significantly improved relaxation to ACh in fa/fa rats because of an enhanced endogenous production of H2O2 in aortic rings (H2O2 levels fa/faAL=0.5 ± 0.05 nmol/mg vs. H2O2 levels fa/faCR=0.76 ± 0.07 nmol/mg protein; p<0.05). Expression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and total SOD activity were increased in aorta from fa/fa animals after CR. In cultured aortic endothelial cells, serum deprivation or 2-deoxy-d-glucose induced a significant increase in: i) superoxide anion and H2O2 levels, ii) p-AMPK/AMPK and p-eNOS/eNOS expression and iii) nitric oxide levels. This effect was reduced by catalase and strongly inhibited by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CamkII) silencing. In conclusion, we propose that mild short-term CR might be a trigger of mechanisms aimed at protecting the vascular wall by the increase of H2O2, which then activates AMPK and nitric oxide release, thus improving endothelium-dependent relaxation. In addition, we demonstrate that CAMKII plays a key role in mediating CR-induced AMPK activation through H2O2 increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concha F García-Prieto
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de La Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gil-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de La Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Plaza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de La Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Manzano-Lista
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar and Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel González-Blázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de La Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Alcalá
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Viana
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Aránguez
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Somoza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de La Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - María S Fernández-Alfonso
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar and Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Early Life Stress and High FKBP5 Interact to Increase Anxiety-Like Symptoms through Altered AKT Signaling in the Dorsal Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112738. [PMID: 31167373 PMCID: PMC6600369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies show a significant association of childhood adversities and FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) polymorphisms on increasing the susceptibility for neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the mechanisms by which early life stress (ELS) influences FKBP5 actions have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that interactions between ELS and high FKBP5 induce phenotypic changes that correspond to underlying molecular changes in the brain. To test this, we exposed newborn mice overexpressing human FKBP5 in the forebrain, rTgFKBP5, to ELS using a maternal separation. Two months after ELS, we observed that ELS increased anxiety levels, specifically in mice overexpressing FKBP5, an effect that was more pronounced in females. Biochemically, Protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation was reduced in the dorsal hippocampus in rTgFKBP5 mice, which demonstrates that significant molecular changes occur as a result of ELS when FKBP5 levels are altered. Taken together, our results have a significant impact on our understanding mechanisms underlying the gene x environment interaction showing that anxiety and AKT signaling in the hippocampus were affected by the combination of ELS and FKBP5. An increased knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions may help determine if FKBP5 could be an effective target for the treatment of anxiety and other mood-related illnesses.
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10
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Samadi P, Afshar S, Amini R, Najafi R, Mahdavinezhad A, Sedighi Pashaki A, Gholami MH, Saidijam M. Let‐7e enhances the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by directly targeting insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10718-10725. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pouria Samadi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Ali Mahdavinezhad
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | | | | | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
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11
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Zuccarini M, Giuliani P, Frinchi M, Mudò G, Serio RM, Belluardo N, Buccella S, Carluccio M, Condorelli DF, Caciagli F, Ciccarelli R, Di Iorio P. Uncovering the Signaling Pathway behind Extracellular Guanine-Induced Activation of NO System: New Perspectives in Memory-Related Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:110. [PMID: 29515443 PMCID: PMC5826394 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that the guanine-based purines stand out as key player in cell metabolism and in several models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Guanosine (GUO) and guanine (GUA) are extracellular signaling molecules derived from the breakdown of the correspondent nucleotide, GTP, and their intracellular and extracellular levels are regulated by the fine-tuned activity of two major enzymes, purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and guanine deaminase (GDA). Noteworthy, GUO and GUA, seem to play opposite roles in the modulation of cognitive functions, such as learning and memory. Indeed GUO, despite exerting neuroprotective, anti-apoptotic and neurotrophic effects, causes a decay of cognitive activities, whereas GUA administration in rats results in working memory improvement (prevented by L-NAME pre-treatment). This study was designed to investigate, in a model of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, the signal transduction pathway activated by extracellular GUA. Altogether, our results showed that: (i) in addition to an enhanced phosphorylation of ASK1, p38 and JNK, likely linked to a non-massive and transient ROS production, the PKB/NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG/ERK cascade seems to be the main signaling pathway elicited by extracellular GUA; (ii) the activation of this pathway occurs in a pertussis-toxin sensitive manner, thus suggesting the involvement of a putative G protein coupled receptor; (iii) the GUA-induced NO production, strongly reduced by cell pre-treatment with L-NAME, is negatively modulated by the EPAC-cAMP-CaMKII pathway, which causes the over-expression of GDA that, in turn, reduces the levels of GUA. These molecular mechanisms activated by GUA may be useful to support our previous observation showing that GUA improves learning and memory functions through the stimulation of NO signaling pathway, and underscore the therapeutic potential of oral administration of guanine for treating memory-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “G. d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patricia Giuliani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “G. d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Monica Frinchi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvana Buccella
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “G. d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marzia Carluccio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “G. d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Caciagli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “G. d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “G. d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “G. d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
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12
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Jiang X, Wu Z, Lu X, Zhang X, Yu Q, Gan Y, Wu B, Xu Y, Zheng W, Zhang L, Xu F, Ma A, Gan X, Huang S, Yu X, Huang W, Xu R. Activation of CaMKIIγ potentiates T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia leukemogenesis via phosphorylating FOXO3a. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75050-75064. [PMID: 29088844 PMCID: PMC5650399 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin–dependent protein kinase II γ (CaMKIIγ) can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells and accelerate chronic myeloid leukemia blast crisis, but the role of CaMKIIγ in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) leukemogenesis remains poorly understood. We observed that activated (autophosphorylated) CaMKIIγ was invariably present in T-ALL cell lines and in the majority of primary T-ALL samples. Overexpression of CaMKIIγ enhanced the proliferation, colony formation, in vivo tumorigenesis and increased DNA damage of T-ALL leukemia cells. Furthermore, inhibition of CaMKIIγ activity with a pharmacologic inhibitor, gene knock-out, dominant-negative constructs or enhancement of CaMKIIγ activity by overexpression constructs revealed that the activated CaMKIIγ could phosphorylate FOXO3a. In Jurkat cells, the activated CaMKIIγ phosphorylated FOXO3a via directly or indirectly phosphorylating AKT, excluded FOXO3a from the nucleus and inhibited its transcriptional activity. These results indicate that the activated CaMKIIγ may play a key role in T-ALL leukemogenesis, and targeting CaMKIIγ might be a value approach in the treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Zhaoxing Wu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Xiaoya Lu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Xuzhao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qingfeng Yu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Yichao Gan
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Deptartment of Clinical Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Fei Xu
- Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - An Ma
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaoxian Gan
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Silvia Huang
- City of Hope Eugene and Ruth Roberts Summer Student Academy, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Wendong Huang
- Molecular Oncology Program and Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.,Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Rongzhen Xu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
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13
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Xu D, Li L, Zhou D, Liu D, Hudmon A, Meroueh SO. Structure-Based Target-Specific Screening Leads to Small-Molecule CaMKII Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:660-677. [PMID: 28371191 PMCID: PMC5554713 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Target-specific scoring methods are more commonly used to identify small-molecule inhibitors among compounds docked to a target of interest. Top candidates that emerge from these methods have rarely been tested for activity and specificity across a family of proteins. In this study we docked a chemical library into CaMKIIδ, a member of the Ca2+ /calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) family, and re-scored the resulting protein-compound structures using Support Vector Machine SPecific (SVMSP), a target-specific method that we developed previously. Among the 35 selected candidates, three hits were identified, such as quinazoline compound 1 (KIN-1; N4-[7-chloro-2-[(E)-styryl]quinazolin-4-yl]-N1,N1-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine), which was found to inhibit CaMKIIδ kinase activity at single-digit micromolar IC50 . Activity across the kinome was assessed by profiling analogues of 1, namely 6 (KIN-236; N4-[7-chloro-2-[(E)-2-(2-chloro-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl]quinazolin-4-yl]-N1,N1-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine), and an analogue of hit compound 2 (KIN-15; 2-[4-[(E)-[(5-bromobenzofuran-2-carbonyl)hydrazono]methyl]-2-chloro-6-methoxyphenoxy]acetic acid), namely 14 (KIN-332; N-[(E)-[4-(2-anilino-2-oxoethoxy)-3-chlorophenyl]methyleneamino]benzofuran-2-carboxamide), against 337 kinases. Interestingly, for compound 6, CaMKIIδ and homologue CaMKIIγ were among the top ten targets. Among the top 25 targets of 6, IC50 values ranged from 5 to 22 μm. Compound 14 was found to be not specific toward CaMKII kinases, but it does inhibit two kinases with sub-micromolar IC50 values among the top 25. Derivatives of 1 were tested against several kinases including several members of the CaMK family. These data afforded a limited structure-activity relationship study. Molecular dynamics simulations with explicit solvent followed by end-point MM-GBSA free-energy calculations revealed strong engagement of specific residues within the ATP binding pocket, and also changes in the dynamics as a result of binding. This work suggests that target-specific scoring approaches such as SVMSP may hold promise for the identification of small-molecule kinase inhibitors that exhibit some level of specificity toward the target of interest across a large number of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Xu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Liwei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Van Nuys Medical Science Building, MS 4023, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5122, USA
| | - Donghui Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Van Nuys Medical Science Building, MS 4023, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5122, USA
| | - Degang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Van Nuys Medical Science Building, MS 4023, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5122, USA
| | - Andy Hudmon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Van Nuys Medical Science Building, MS 4023, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5122, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Samy O Meroueh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Van Nuys Medical Science Building, MS 4023, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5122, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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14
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Chen Z, Ding L, Yang W, Wang J, Chen L, Chang Y, Geng B, Cui Q, Guan Y, Yang J. Hepatic Activation of the FAM3C-HSF1-CaM Pathway Attenuates Hyperglycemia of Obese Diabetic Mice. Diabetes 2017; 66:1185-1197. [PMID: 28246289 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
FAM3C is a member of the family with sequence similarity 3 (FAM3) gene family, and this study determined its role and mechanism in regulation of hepatic glucose/lipid metabolism. In obese diabetic mice, FAM3C expression was reduced in the liver, and hepatic FAM3C restoration improved insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and fatty liver. FAM3C overexpression increased the expression of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), calmodulin (CaM), and phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and reduced that of gluconeogenic and lipogenic genes in diabetic mouse livers with the suppression of gluconeogenesis and lipid deposition. In cultured hepatocytes, FAM3C overexpression upregulated HSF1 expression, which elevated CaM protein level by inducing CALM1 transcription to activate Akt in a Ca2+- and insulin-independent manner. Furthermore, FAM3C overexpression promoted nuclear exclusion of FOXO1 and repressed gluconeogenic gene expression and gluconeogenesis in a CaM-dependent manner in hepatocytes. Hepatic HSF1 overexpression activated the CaM-Akt pathway to repress gluconeogenic and lipogenic gene expression and improve hyperglycemia and fatty liver in obese diabetic mice. In conclusion, the FAM3C-HSF1-CaM-Akt pathway plays important roles in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in hepatocytes independent of insulin and calcium. Restoring hepatic FAM3C expression is beneficial for the management of type 2 diabetes and fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Ding
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Junpei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Department of Biophysics and Molecular Physiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science & Technology School of Life Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongsheng Chang
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Hypertension Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jichun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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15
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Stress-altered synaptic plasticity and DAMP signaling in the hippocampus-PFC axis; elucidating the significance of IGF-1/IGF-1R/CaMKIIα expression in neural changes associated with a prolonged exposure therapy. Neuroscience 2017; 353:147-165. [PMID: 28438613 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic stress patients showed significant improvement in behavior after a prolonged exposure to an unrelated stimulus. This treatment method attempts to promote extinction of the fear memory associated with the initial traumatic experience. However, the subsequent prolonged exposure to such stimulus creates an additional layer of neural stress. Although the mechanism remains unclear, prolonged exposure therapy (PET) likely involves changes in synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter function and inflammation; especially in parts of the brain concerned with the formation and retrieval of fear memory (Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex: PFC). Since certain synaptic proteins are also involved in danger-associated molecular pattern signaling (DAMP), we identified the significance of IGF-1/IGF-1R/CaMKIIα expression as a potential link between the concurrent progression of synaptic and inflammatory changes in stress. Thus, a comparison between IGF-1/IGF-1R/CaMKIIα, synaptic and DAMP proteins in stress and PET may highlight the significance of PET on synaptic morphology and neuronal inflammatory response. In behaviorally characterized Sprague-Dawley rats, there was a significant decline in neural IGF-1 (p<0.001), hippocampal (p<0.001) and cortical (p<0.05) IGF-1R expression. These animals showed a significant loss of presynaptic markers (synaptophysin; p<0.001), and changes in neurotransmitters (VGLUT2, Tyrosine hydroxylase, GABA, ChAT). Furthermore, naïve stressed rats recorded a significant decrease in post-synaptic marker (PSD-95; p<0.01) and synaptic regulator (CaMKIIα; p<0.001). As part of the synaptic response to a decrease in brain CaMKIIα, small ion conductance channel (KCa2.2) was upregulated in the brain of naïve stressed rats (p<0.01). After a PET, an increase in IGF-1 (p<0.05) and IGF-1R was recorded in the Stress-PET group (p<0.001). As such, hippocampal (p<0.001), but not cortical (ns) synaptophysin expression increased in Stress-PET. Although PSD-95 was relatively unchanged in the hippocampus and PFC, CaMKIIα (p<0.001) and KCa2.2 (p<0.01) were upregulated in Stress-PET, and may be involved in extinction of fear memory-related synaptic potentials. These changes were also associated with a normalized neurotransmitter function, and a significant reduction in open space avoidance; when the animals were assessed in elevated plus maze (EPM). In addition to a decrease in IGF-1/IGF-1R, an increase in activated hippocampal and cortical microglia was seen in stress (p<0.05) and after a PET (Stress-PET; p<0.001). Furthermore, this was linked with a significant increase in HMGB1 (Hippocampus: p<0.001, PFC: p<0.05) and TLR4 expression (Hippocampus: p<0.01; PFC: ns) in the neurons. Taken together, this study showed that traumatic stress and subsequent PET involves an event-dependent alteration of IGF1/IGF-1R/CaMKIIα. Firstly, we showed a direct relationship between IGF-1/IGF-1R expression, presynaptic function (synaptophysin) and neurotransmitter activity in stress and PET. Secondly, we identified the possible role of CaMKIIα in post-synaptic function and regulation of small ion conductance channels. Lastly, we highlighted some of the possible links between IGF1/IGF-1R/CaMKIIα, the expression of DAMP proteins, Microglia activation, and its implication on synaptic plasticity during stress and PET.
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16
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Wu Y, He MY, Ye JK, Ma SY, Huang W, Wei YY, Kong H, Wang H, Zeng XN, Xie WP. Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels facilitates the function of human endothelial colony-forming cells via Ca 2+ /Akt/eNOS pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:609-620. [PMID: 27709781 PMCID: PMC5323860 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data, including those from our laboratory, have shown that the opening of ATP‐sensitive potassium channels (KATP) plays a protective role in pulmonary vascular diseases (PVD). As maintainers of the endothelial framework, endothelial colony‐forming cells (ECFCs) are considered excellent candidates for vascular regeneration in cases of PVD. Although KATP openers (KCOs) have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on endothelial cells, the impact of KATP on ECFC function remains unclear. Herein, this study investigated whether there is a distribution of KATP in ECFCs and what role KATP play in ECFC modulation. By human ECFCs isolated from adult peripheral blood, KATP were confirmed for the first time to express in ECFCs, comprised subunits of Kir (Kir6.1, Kir6.2) and SUR2b. KCOs such as the classical agent nicorandil (Nico) and the novel agent iptakalim (Ipt) notably improved the function of ECFCs, promoting cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis, which were abolished by a non‐selective KATP blocker glibenclamide (Gli). To determine the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the impacts of KCOs on CaMKII, Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathways. Enhanced levels were detected by western blotting, which were abrogated by Gli. This suggested an involvement of Ca2+ signalling in the regulation of ECFCs by KATP. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that there is a distribution of KATP in ECFCs and KATP play a vital role in ECFC function. The present work highlighted a novel profile of KATP as a potential target for ECFC modulation, which may hold the key to the treatment of PVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, WuXi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Yu He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Kui Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu-Ying Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong-Yue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei-Ping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Qi D, Wang Q, Li H, Zhang T, Lan R, Kwong DWJ, Wong WK, Wong KL, Li S, Lu F. SILAC-based quantitative proteomics identified lysosome as a fast response target to PDT agent Gd-N induced oxidative stress in human ovarian cancer IGROV1 cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:3059-67. [PMID: 26331702 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00497g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems have developed an intact network and strategies in response to various environmental pressures such as irradiation, viral invasion and oxidative stress. Therefore, elucidation of the cellular response mechanism toward oxidative stress can contribute to the knowledge of redox regulation. By using a newly developed gadolinium based photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent Gd-N and SILAC quantified proteomic analysis, we observed 485 proteins dysregulated in expression, 106 in phosphorylation and 1050 in oxidation. Interestingly, lysosome was discovered as the main organelle affected by Gd-N induced singlet oxygen, along with the down regulation of a majority of lysosomal acid hydrolases and proton pump complex ATP6V/TCIRG1. Besides, phosphorylation sites with sequence patterns "TP" or "SP" were enriched in dysregulated phosphoproteins. Protein oxidation also shows sequence patterns in target proteins with "M.D" or "KM" taking methionine as the central residue. Oxidized proteins were most enriched in the pathways of Parkinson's disease, an oxidative stress closely related neurodegenerative disease. In conclusion, our study reveals new insights into the cellular mechanism to oxidative stress and may contribute to the discovery of new targets and development of novel PDT agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Qi
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Zhong W, Chebolu S, Darmani NA. Thapsigargin-induced activation of Ca(2+)-CaMKII-ERK in brainstem contributes to substance P release and induction of emesis in the least shrew. Neuropharmacology 2015; 103:195-210. [PMID: 26631534 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic calcium (Ca(2+)) mobilization has been proposed to be an important factor in the induction of emesis. The selective sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor thapsigargin, is known to deplete intracellular Ca(2+) stores, which consequently evokes extracellular Ca(2+) entry through cell membrane-associated channels, accompanied by a prominent rise in cytosolic Ca(2+). A pro-drug form of thapsigargin is currently under clinical trial as a targeted cancer chemotherapeutic. We envisioned that the intracellular effects of thapsigargin could cause emesis and planned to investigate its mechanisms of emetic action. Indeed, thapsigargin did induce vomiting in the least shrew in a dose-dependent and bell-shaped manner, with maximal efficacy (100%) at 0.5 mg/kg (i.p.). Thapsigargin (0.5 mg/kg) also caused increases in c-Fos immunoreactivity in the brainstem emetic nuclei including the area postrema (AP), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNX), as well as enhancement of substance P (SP) immunoreactivity in DMNX. In addition, thapsigargin (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) led to vomit-associated and time-dependent increases in phosphorylation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the brainstem. We then explored the suppressive potential of diverse chemicals against thapsigargin-evoked emesis including antagonists of: i) neurokinin-1 receptors (netupitant), ii) the type 3 serotonin receptors (palonosetron), iii) store-operated Ca(2+) entry (YM-58483), iv) L-type Ca(2+) channels (nifedipine), and v) SER Ca(2+)-release channels inositol trisphosphate (IP3Rs) (2-APB)-, and ryanodine (RyRs) (dantrolene)-receptors. In addition, the antiemetic potential of inhibitors of CaMKII (KN93) and ERK1/2 (PD98059) were investigated. All tested antagonists/blockers attenuated emetic parameters to varying degrees except palonosetron, however a combination of non-effective doses of netupitant and palonosetron exhibited additive antiemetic efficacy. A low-dose combination of nifedipine and 2-APB plus dantrolene mixture completely abolished thapsigargin-evoked vomiting, CaMKII-ERK1/2 activation and SP elevation. In addition, pretreatment with KN93 or PD98059 suppressed thapsigargin-induced increases in SP and ERK1/2 activation. Intracerebroventricular injection of netupitant suppressed vomiting caused by thapsigargin which suggests that the principal site of evoked emesis is the brainstem. In sum, this is the first study to demonstrate that thapsigargin causes vomiting via the activation of the Ca(2+)-CaMKII-ERK1/2 cascade, which is associated with an increase in the brainstem tissue content of SP, and the evoked emesis occurs through SP-induced activation of neurokinin-1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Zhong
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA
| | - Seetha Chebolu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA
| | - Nissar A Darmani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA.
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Ferulic acid inhibits H2O2-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rat vascular smooth muscle cells via inhibition of the NADPH oxidase and NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:1018-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Liu W, Kong H, Zeng X, Wang J, Wang Z, Yan X, Wang Y, Xie W, Wang H. Iptakalim inhibits PDGF-BB-induced human airway smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. Exp Cell Res 2015; 336:204-10. [PMID: 26160451 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic airway diseases are characterized by airway remodeling which is attributed partly to the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels have been identified in ASMCs. Mount evidence has suggested that KATP channel openers can reduce airway hyperresponsiveness and alleviate airway remodeling. Opening K(+) channels triggers K(+) efflux, which leading to membrane hyperpolarization, preventing Ca(2+)entry through closing voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels. Intracellular Ca(2+) is the most important regulator of muscle contraction, cell proliferation and migration. K(+) efflux decreases Ca(2+) influx, which consequently influences ASMCs proliferation and migration. As a KATP channel opener, iptakalim (Ipt) has been reported to restrain the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) involved in vascular remodeling, while little is known about its impact on ASMCs. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Ipt on human ASMCs and the mechanisms underlying. Results obtained from cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation showed that Ipt significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced ASMCs proliferation. ASMCs migration induced by PDGF-BB was also suppressed by Ipt in transwell migration and scratch assay. Besides, the phosphorylation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) were as well alleviated by Ipt administration. Furthermore, we found that the inhibition of Ipt on the PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration in human ASMCs was blocked by glibenclamide (Gli), a selective KATP channel antagonist. These findings provide a strong evidence to support that Ipt antagonize the proliferating and migrating effects of PDGF-BB on human ASMCs through opening KATP channels. Altogether, our results highlighted a novel profile of Ipt as a potent option against the airway remodeling in chronic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zailiang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaopei Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a chromosome translocation that generates the Bcr-Abl oncogene encoding a constitutive kinase activity. Despite remarkable success in controlling CML at chronic phase by Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a significant proportion of CML patients treated with TKIs develop drug resistance due to the inability of TKIs to kill leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that are responsible for initiation, drug resistance, and relapse of CML. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more potent and safer therapies against leukemia stem cells for curing CML. A number of LSC-associated targets and corresponding signaling pathways, including CaMKII-γ, a critical molecular switch for co-activating multiple LSC-associated signaling pathways, have been identified over the past decades and various small inhibitors targeting LSC are also under development. Increasing evidence shows that leukemia stem cells are the root of CML and targeting LSC may offer a curable treatment option for CML patients. This review summarizes the molecular biology of LSC and its-associated targets, and the potential clinical application in chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
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Zhou H, Xu R. Leukemia stem cells: the root of chronic myeloid leukemia. Protein Cell 2015; 6:403-12. [PMID: 25749979 PMCID: PMC4444810 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a chromosome translocation that generates the Bcr-Abl oncogene encoding a constitutive kinase activity. Despite remarkable success in controlling CML at chronic phase by Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a significant proportion of CML patients treated with TKIs develop drug resistance due to the inability of TKIs to kill leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that are responsible for initiation, drug resistance, and relapse of CML. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more potent and safer therapies against leukemia stem cells for curing CML. A number of LSC-associated targets and corresponding signaling pathways, including CaMKII-γ, a critical molecular switch for co-activating multiple LSC-associated signaling pathways, have been identified over the past decades and various small inhibitors targeting LSC are also under development. Increasing evidence shows that leukemia stem cells are the root of CML and targeting LSC may offer a curable treatment option for CML patients. This review summarizes the molecular biology of LSC and its-associated targets, and the potential clinical application in chronic myeloid leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Chemokines/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Rongzhen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
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AMPK-α1 functions downstream of oxidative stress to mediate neuronal atrophy in Huntington's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:1668-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Wang B, Buchman CD, Li L, Hurley TD, Meroueh SO. Enrichment of chemical libraries docked to protein conformational ensembles and application to aldehyde dehydrogenase 2. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:2105-16. [PMID: 24856086 PMCID: PMC4114474 DOI: 10.1021/ci5002026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Molecular recognition is a complex process that involves a large ensemble of structures of the receptor and ligand. Yet, most structure-based virtual screening is carried out on a single structure typically from X-ray crystallography. Explicit-solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations offer an opportunity to sample multiple conformational states of a protein. Here we evaluate our recently developed scoring method SVMSP in its ability to enrich chemical libraries docked to MD structures of seven proteins from the Directory of Useful Decoys (DUD). SVMSP is a target-specific rescoring method that combines machine learning with statistical potentials. We find that enrichment power as measured by the area under the ROC curve (ROC-AUC) is not affected by increasing the number of MD structures. Among individual MD snapshots, many exhibited enrichment that was significantly better than the crystal structure, but no correlation between enrichment and structural deviation from crystal structure was found. We followed an innovative approach by training SVMSP scoring models using MD structures (SVMSPMD). The resulting models were applied to two difficult cases (p38 and CDK2) for which enrichment was not better than random. We found remarkable increase in enrichment power, particularly for p38, where the ROC-AUC increased by 0.30 to 0.85. Finally, we explored approaches for a priori identification of MD snapshots with high enrichment power from an MD simulation in the absence of active compounds. We found that the use of randomly selected compounds docked to the target of interest using SVMSP led to notable enrichment for EGFR and Src MD snapshots. SVMSP rescoring of protein-compound MD structures was applied for the search of small-molecule inhibitors of the mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). Rank-ordering of a commercial library of 50 000 compounds docked to MD structures of ALDH2 led to five small-molecule inhibitors. Four compounds had IC50s below 5 μM. These compounds serve as leads for the design and synthesis of more potent and selective ALDH2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ‡Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, §Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, and ⊥Stark Neurosciences Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , 535 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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25
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Contreras-Ferrat A, Llanos P, Vásquez C, Espinosa A, Osorio-Fuentealba C, Arias-Calderon M, Lavandero S, Klip A, Hidalgo C, Jaimovich E. Insulin elicits a ROS-activated and an IP₃-dependent Ca²⁺ release, which both impinge on GLUT4 translocation. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:1911-23. [PMID: 24569874 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.138982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling includes generation of low levels of H2O2; however, its origin and contribution to insulin-stimulated glucose transport are unknown. We tested the impact of H2O2 on insulin-dependent glucose transport and GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle cells. H2O2 increased the translocation of GLUT4 with an exofacial Myc-epitope tag between the first and second transmembrane domains (GLUT4myc), an effect additive to that of insulin. The anti-oxidants N-acetyl L-cysteine and Trolox, the p47(phox)-NOX2 NADPH oxidase inhibitory peptide gp91-ds-tat or p47(phox) knockdown each reduced insulin-dependent GLUT4myc translocation. Importantly, gp91-ds-tat suppressed insulin-dependent H2O2 production. A ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel agonist stimulated GLUT4myc translocation and insulin stimulated RyR1-mediated Ca(2+) release by promoting RyR1 S-glutathionylation. This pathway acts in parallel to insulin-mediated stimulation of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-activated Ca(2+) channels, in response to activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and its downstream target phospholipase C, resulting in Ca(2+) transfer to the mitochondria. An inhibitor of IP3 receptors, Xestospongin B, reduced both insulin-dependent IP3 production and GLUT4myc translocation. We propose that, in addition to the canonical α,β phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to Akt pathway, insulin engages both RyR-mediated Ca(2+) release and IP3-receptor-mediated mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake, and that these signals jointly stimulate glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Contreras-Ferrat
- Centro de estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Medicina; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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26
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Shi B, Ni L, Liu Y, Zhang A, Tan M, Jiang M. OsDMI3-mediated activation of OsMPK1 regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes in abscisic acid signalling in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:341-52. [PMID: 23777258 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In rice, the Ca(2+) /calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) OsDMI3 has been shown to be required for abscisic acid (ABA)-induced antioxidant defence. However, it is not clear how OsDMI3 participates in this process in rice. In this study, the cross-talk between OsDMI3 and the major ABA-activated MAPK OsMPK1 in ABA-induced antioxidant defence was investigated. ABA treatment induced the expression of OsDMI3 and OsMPK1 and the activities of OsDMI3 and OsMPK1 in rice leaves. In the mutant of OsDMI3, the ABA-induced increases in the expression and the activity of OsMPK1 were substantially reduced. But in the mutant of OsMPK1, the ABA-induced increases in the expression and the activity of OsDMI3 were not affected. Pretreatments with MAPKK inhibitors also did not affect the ABA-induced activation of OsDMI3. Further, a transient expression analysis in combination with mutant analysis in rice protoplasts showed that OsMPK1 is required for OsDMI3-induced increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the production of H2 O2 . Our data indicate that there exists a cross-talk between OsDMI3 and OsMPK1 in ABA signalling, in which OsDMI3 functions upstream of OsMPK1 to regulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the production of H2 O2 in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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27
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Abstract
Ca²⁺ plays a crucial role in connecting membrane excitability with contraction in myocardium. The hallmark features of heart failure are mechanical dysfunction and arrhythmias; defective intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis is a central cause of contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias in failing myocardium. Defective Ca²⁺ homeostasis in heart failure can result from pathological alteration in the expression and activity of an increasingly understood collection of Ca²⁺ homeostatic and structural proteins, ion channels, and enzymes. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of defective Ca²⁺ cycling in heart failure and considers how fundamental understanding of these pathways may translate into novel and innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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28
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Panganiban RAM, Day RM. Inhibition of IGF-1R prevents ionizing radiation-induced primary endothelial cell senescence. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78589. [PMID: 24205274 PMCID: PMC3813482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Accelerated senescence is a primary response to cellular stresses including DNA damaging agents (e.g., ionizing radiation) and is widely believed to be caused by continuous proliferative signaling in the presence of cell cycle arrest. Studies of signal transduction pathways leading to accelerated senescence have revealed that inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by rapamycin rescues cells from senescence. However, the molecular mechanisms upstream of mTOR following ionizing radiation (IR) are not well defined. We investigated signal transduction leading to IR-induced accelerated senescence in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC). Exposure of HPAEC to X-rays (10 Gy, 2.4 Gy/min) upregulated senescence markers including p53, p21/waf1, and senescence-associated beta galactosidase (SA-β-gal). Ly294002 (a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase [PI3K] inhibitor) or rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor) blocked the induction of cellular senescence markers suggesting roles for PI3K and mTOR. Pathway-directed microarrays revealed increased transcription of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1), a modulator of cell growth and proliferation upstream of mTOR. qRT-PCR confirmed that both IGF-1 and IGF-2 mRNA were increased in response to X-rays, and ELISA showed increased secretion of IGF-1 protein into the medium of irradiated HPAEC. Consistent with upregulation of these ligands, we found that X-ray exposure led to hyperphosphorylation of IGF-1R, the receptor for IGF-1 and -2. Treatment with AG1024, an IGF-1R inhibitor, suppressed IR-induced upregulation of p53, p21/waf1, and SA-β-gal. Together these findings suggest that IGF-1R is a key regulator of IR-induced accelerated senescence in a pathway that requires intact mTOR activity upstream of both p53 and p21/waf1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Allan M. Panganiban
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Regina M. Day
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Abstract
At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and many investigators, even in related disciplines, find many of these genes and the related pathways entirely foreign. Medical schools generally do not attempt to incorporate the relevant molecular biology into their curriculum. A number of key signaling pathways are highly relevant to atherogenesis and are presented to provide a context for the gene manipulations summarized herein. The pathways include the following: the insulin receptor (and other receptor tyrosine kinases); Ras and MAPK activation; TNF-α and related family members leading to activation of NF-κB; effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on signaling; endothelial adaptations to flow including G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and integrin-related signaling; activation of endothelial and other cells by modified lipoproteins; purinergic signaling; control of leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, migration, and further activation; foam cell formation; and macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell signaling related to proliferation, efferocytosis, and apoptosis. This review is intended primarily as an introduction to these key signaling pathways. They have become the focus of modern atherosclerosis research and will undoubtedly provide a rich resource for future innovation toward intervention and prevention of the number one cause of death in the modern world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Hopkins
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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Reactive oxygen species contribute to neuropathic pain and locomotor dysfunction via activation of CamKII in remote segments following spinal cord contusion injury in rats. Pain 2013; 154:1699-1708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Shi B, Ni L, Zhang A, Cao J, Zhang H, Qin T, Tan M, Zhang J, Jiang M. OsDMI3 is a novel component of abscisic acid signaling in the induction of antioxidant defense in leaves of rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2012; 5:1359-74. [PMID: 22869603 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sss068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) and calmodulin (CaM) have been shown to play an important role in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced antioxidant defense. However, it is unknown whether Ca(2+)/CaM-dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) is involved in the process. In the present study, the role of rice CCaMK, OsDMI3, in ABA-induced antioxidant defense was investigated in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa) plants. Treatments with ABA, H(2)O(2), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced the expression of OsDMI3 and the activity of OsDMI3, and H(2)O(2) is required for the ABA-induced increases in the expression and the activity of OsDMI3 under water stress. Subcellular localization analysis showed that OsDMI3 is located in the nucleus, the cytoplasm, and the plasma membrane. The analysis of the transient expression of OsDMI3 in rice protoplasts and the RNA interference (RNAi) silencing of OsDMI3 in rice protoplasts showed that OsDMI3 is required for ABA-induced increases in the expression and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Further, the oxidative damage induced by higher concentrations of PEG and H(2)O(2) was aggravated in the mutant of OsDMI3. Moreover, the analysis of the RNAi silencing of OsDMI3 in protoplasts and the mutant of OsDMI3 showed that higher levels of H(2)O(2) accumulation require OsDMI3 activation in ABA signaling, but the initial H(2)O(2) production induced by ABA is not dependent on the activation of OsDMI3 in leaves of rice plants. Our data reveal that OsDMI3 is an important component in ABA-induced antioxidant defense in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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32
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CaMKII γ, a critical regulator of CML stem/progenitor cells, is a target of the natural product berbamine. Blood 2012; 120:4829-39. [PMID: 23074277 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-06-434894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been a remarkable success for the treatment of Ph(+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, a significant proportion of patients treated with TKIs develop resistance because of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and T315I mutant Bcr-Abl. Here we describe the unknown activity of the natural product berbamine that efficiently eradicates LSCs and T315I mutant Bcr-Abl clones. Unexpectedly, we identify CaMKII γ as a specific and critical target of berbamine for its antileukemia activity. Berbamine specifically binds to the ATP-binding pocket of CaMKII γ, inhibits its phosphorylation and triggers apoptosis of leukemia cells. More importantly, CaMKII γ is highly activated in LSCs but not in normal hematopoietic stem cells and coactivates LSC-related β-catenin and Stat3 signaling networks. The identification of CaMKII γ as a specific target of berbamine and as a critical molecular switch regulating multiple LSC-related signaling pathways can explain the unique antileukemia activity of berbamine. These findings also suggest that berbamine may be the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of CaMKII γ, and potentially, can serve as a new type of molecular targeted agent through inhibition of the CaMKII γ activity for treatment of leukemia.
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Ma F, Lu R, Liu H, Shi B, Zhang J, Tan M, Zhang A, Jiang M. Nitric oxide-activated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase regulates the abscisic acid-induced antioxidant defence in maize. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:4835-47. [PMID: 22865912 PMCID: PMC3427994 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and calcium (Ca2+)/calmodulin (CaM) are all required for abscisic acid (ABA)-induced antioxidant defence. Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) is a strong candidate for the decoder of Ca2+ signals. However, whether CCaMK is involved in ABA-induced antioxidant defence is unknown. The results of the present study show that exogenous and endogenous ABA induced increases in the activity of ZmCCaMK and the expression of ZmCCaMK in leaves of maize. Subcellular localization analysis showed that ZmCCaMK is located in the nucleus, the cytoplasm, and the plasma membrane. The transient expression of ZmCCaMK and the RNA interference (RNAi) silencing of ZmCCaMK analysis in maize protoplasts revealed that ZmCCaMK is required for ABA-induced antioxidant defence. Moreover, treatment with the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced the activation of ZmCCaMK and the expression of ZmCCaMK. Pre-treatments with an NO scavenger and inhibitor blocked the ABA-induced increases in the activity and the transcript level of ZmCCaMK. Conversely, RNAi silencing of ZmCCaMK in maize protoplasts did not affect the ABA-induced NO production, which was further confirmed using a mutant of OsCCaMK, the homologous gene of ZmCCaMK in rice. Moreover, H2O2 was also required for the ABA activation of ZmCCaMK, and pre-treatments with an NO scavenger and inhibitor inhibited the H2O2-induced increase in the activity of ZmCCaMK. Taken together, the data clearly suggest that ZmCCaMK is required for ABA-induced antioxidant defence, and H2O2-dependent NO production plays an important role in the ABA-induced activation of ZmCCaMK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Ma
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Lu
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiying Liu
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ben Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingpu Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyi Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
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Reactive oxygen species are required for β2 adrenergic receptor-β-arrestin interactions and signaling to ERK1/2. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 84:661-9. [PMID: 22728070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) is the prototypical member of the heptahelical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily and is well-known to elicit biological effects through both G protein-dependent and G protein-independent signaling cascades. Agonism of β2AR has been described to promote phosphorylation and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) via a G-protein/PKA pathway that transpires rapidly upon receptor agonism, as well as by a distinct β-arrestin-mediated pathway that occurs at later time points. We have previously shown that β2AR agonism promotes generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and that β2AR-associated G protein signaling is dependent on ROS formation. It has also been suggested that β2AR-mediated ROS generation occurs via recruitment of β-arrestins. In this study, we confirm the effects of β-arrestin on β2AR-induced ROS generation, and investigate the ROS-dependency of β-arrestin-linked β2AR signaling. In HEK293 cells, both coimmunoprecipitation and BRET studies reveal that ROS are vital for the physical interaction of β2AR with β-arrestin partner proteins. Using phosphorylation of ERK1/2 as a functional endpoint to assess the role of ROS in β2AR-β-arrestin signaling, our results show that inhibition of intracellular ROS abrogates both the β-arrestin and G protein-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 upon agonism of β2AR. Importantly, both the G protein and β-arrestin components were reversed upon exogenous administration of ROS, suggesting a critical role for oxidants in stabilization of β2AR. Taken together, our data signify that ROS serve purposeful roles in stabilizing both G protein- and β-arrestin-mediated β2AR signaling in HEK293 cells.
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Scott JA, Xie L, Li H, Li W, He JB, Sanders PN, Carter AB, Backs J, Anderson ME, Grumbach IM. The multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II regulates vascular smooth muscle migration through matrix metalloproteinase 9. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 302:H1953-64. [PMID: 22427508 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00978.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The multifunctional CaMKII has been implicated in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration, but little is known regarding its downstream targets that mediate migration. Here, we examined whether CaMKII regulates migration through modulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). Using CaMKIIδ(-/-) mice as a model system, we evaluated migration and MMP9 regulation in vitro and in vivo. After ligation of the common carotid artery, CaMKII was activated in the neointima as determined by oxidation and autophosphorylation. We found that MMP9 was robustly expressed in the neointima and adventitia of carotid-ligated wild-type (WT) mice but was barely detectable in CaMKIIδ(-/-) mice. The perimeter of the external elastic lamina, a correlate of migration-related outward remodeling, was increased in WT but not in CaMKIIδ(-/-) mice. Migration induced by serum, platelet-derived growth factor, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was significantly decreased in CaMKIIδ(-/-) as compared with WT VSMCs, but migration was rescued with adenoviral overexpression of MMP9 in CaMKIIδ(-/-) VSMCs. Likewise, overexpression of CaMKIIδ in CaMKIIδ(-/-) VSMCs increased migration, whereas an oxidation-resistant mutant of CaMKIIδ did not. TNF-α strongly induced CaMKII oxidation and autophosphorylation as well as MMP9 activity, mRNA, and protein levels in WT, but not in CaMKIIδ(-/-) VSMC. Surprisingly, TNF-α strongly induced MMP9 promoter activity in WT and CaMKIIδ(-/-) VSMC. However, the MMP9 mRNA stability was significantly decreased in CaMKIIδ(-/-) VSMC. Our data demonstrate that CaMKII promotes VSMC migration through posttranscriptional regulation of MMP9 and suggest that CaMKII effects on MMP9 expression may be a therapeutic pathway in vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Scott
- Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Nogueira NPDA, de Souza CF, Saraiva FMDS, Sultano PE, Dalmau SR, Bruno RE, de Lima Sales Gonçalves R, Laranja GAT, Leal LHM, Coelho MGP, Masuda CA, Oliveira MF, Paes MC. Heme-induced ROS in Trypanosoma cruzi activates CaMKII-like that triggers epimastigote proliferation. One helpful effect of ROS. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25935. [PMID: 22022475 PMCID: PMC3191175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme is a ubiquitous molecule that has a number of physiological roles. The toxic effects of this molecule have been demonstrated in various models, based on both its pro-oxidant nature and through a detergent mechanism. It is estimated that about 10 mM of heme is released during blood digestion in the blood-sucking bug's midgut. The parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease, proliferates in the midgut of the insect vector; however, heme metabolism in trypanosomatids remains to be elucidated. Here we provide a mechanistic explanation for the proliferative effects of heme on trypanosomatids. Heme, but not other porphyrins, induced T. cruzi proliferation, and this phenomenon was accompanied by a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in epimastigotes when monitored by ROS-sensitive fluorescent probes. Heme-induced ROS production was time-and concentration-dependent. In addition, lipid peroxidation and the formation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) adducts with parasite proteins were increased in epimastigotes in the presence of heme. Conversely, the antioxidants urate and GSH reversed the heme-induced ROS. Urate also decreased parasite proliferation. Among several protein kinase inhibitors tested only specific inhibitors of CaMKII, KN93 and Myr-AIP, were able to abolish heme-induced ROS formation in epimastigotes leading to parasite growth impairment. Taken together, these data provide new insight into T. cruzi- insect vector interactions: heme, a molecule from the blood digestion, triggers epimastigote proliferation through a redox-sensitive signalling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Pereira de Almeida Nogueira
- Laboratório de Artrópodos Hematófagos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Cintia Fernandes de Souza
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Francis Monique de Souza Saraiva
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Pedro Elias Sultano
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Sergio Ranto Dalmau
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Roberta Eitler Bruno
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Renata de Lima Sales Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Redox - Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Augusto Travassos Laranja
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Luís Henrique Monteiro Leal
- Laboratório de Microscopia e Processamento de Imagens, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Marsen Garcia Pinto Coelho
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Claudio A. Masuda
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Leveduras, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Marcus F. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Redox - Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (INBEB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Marcia Cristina Paes
- Laboratório de Interação Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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Erickson JR, He BJ, Grumbach IM, Anderson ME. CaMKII in the cardiovascular system: sensing redox states. Physiol Rev 2011; 91:889-915. [PMID: 21742790 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00018.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional Ca(2+)- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is now recognized to play a central role in pathological events in the cardiovascular system. CaMKII has diverse downstream targets that promote vascular disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias, so improved understanding of CaMKII signaling has the potential to lead to new therapies for cardiovascular disease. CaMKII is a multimeric serine-threonine kinase that is initially activated by binding calcified calmodulin (Ca(2+)/CaM). Under conditions of sustained exposure to elevated Ca(2+)/CaM, CaMKII transitions into a Ca(2+)/CaM-autonomous enzyme by two distinct but parallel processes. Autophosphorylation of threonine-287 in the CaMKII regulatory domain "traps" CaMKII into an open configuration even after Ca(2+)/CaM unbinding. More recently, our group identified a pair of methionines (281/282) in the CaMKII regulatory domain that undergo a partially reversible oxidation which, like autophosphorylation, prevents CaMKII from inactivating after Ca(2+)/CaM unbinding. Here we review roles of CaMKII in cardiovascular disease with an eye to understanding how CaMKII may act as a transduction signal to connect pro-oxidant conditions into specific downstream pathological effects that are relevant to rare and common forms of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Erickson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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Age-related regulation of excitation-contraction coupling in rat heart. J Physiol Biochem 2011; 67:317-30. [PMID: 21287310 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-011-0077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hearts from subjects with different ages have different Ca(2+) signaling. Release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores in response to an action potential initiates cardiac contraction. Both depolarization-stimulated and spontaneous Ca(2+) releases, Ca(2+) transients and Ca(2+) sparks, demonstrate the main events of excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Global increase in free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]( i )) consists of summation of Ca(2+) release events in cardiomyocytes. Since the Ca(2+) flux induced by Ca(2+) sparks reports a summation of ryanodine-sensitive Ca(2+) release channels (RyR2s)'s behavior in a spark cluster, evaluation of the properties of Ca(2+) sparks and Ca(2+) transients may provide insight into the role of RyR2s on altered heart function between 3-month-old (young adult) and 6-month-old (mature adult) rats. Basal [Ca(2+)]( i ) and Ca(2+) sparks frequency were significantly higher in mature adult rats compared to those of young adults. Moreover, amplitudes of Ca(2+) sparks and Ca(2+) transients were significantly smaller in mature adults than those of young adults with longer time courses. A smaller L-type Ca(2+) current density and decreased SR Ca(2+) load was observed in mature adult rats. In addition, RyR2s were markedly hyperphosphorylated, and phosphorylation levels of PKA and CaMKII were higher in heart from mature adults compared to those of young adults, whereas their SERCA protein levels were similar. Our data demonstrate that hearts from rats with different ages have different Ca(2+) signaling including hyperphosphorylation of RyR2s and higher basal [Ca(2+)]( i ) together with increased oxidized protein-thiols in mature adult rats compared to those of young adults, which play important roles in ECC. Finally, we report that ECC efficiency changes with age during maturation, partially related with an increased cellular oxidation level leading to reduced free protein-thiols in cardiomyocytes.
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