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van Eijk LE, Bourgonje AR, Messchendorp AL, Bulthuis MLC, Reinders-Luinge M, Doornbos-van der Meer B, Westra J, den Dunnen WFA, Hillebrands JL, Sanders JSF, van Goor H. Systemic oxidative stress may be associated with reduced IgG antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 in vaccinated kidney transplant recipients: A post-hoc analysis of the RECOVAC-IR observational study. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 215:14-24. [PMID: 38395091 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses an increased risk for severe illness and suboptimal vaccination responses in patients with kidney disease, in which oxidative stress may be involved. Oxidative stress can be reliably measured by determining circulating free thiols (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups), since R-SH are rapidly oxidized by reactive species. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between serum free thiols and the ability to mount a humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in kidney patients. METHODS Serum free thiol concentrations were measured in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4/5 (CKD G4/5) (n = 46), on dialysis (n = 43), kidney transplant recipients (KTR) (n = 73), and controls (n = 50). Baseline serum free thiol and interferon-γ-induced protein-10 (IP-10) - a biomarker of the interferon response - were analyzed for associations with seroconversion rates and SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1)-specific IgG concentrations after two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. RESULTS Albumin-adjusted serum free thiol concentrations were significantly lower in patients with CKD G4/5 (P < 0.001), on dialysis (P < 0.001), and KTR (P < 0.001), as compared to controls. Seroconversion rates after full vaccination were markedly reduced in KTR (52.1%) and were significantly associated with albumin-adjusted free thiols (OR = 1.76, P = 0.033). After adjustment for MMF use, hemoglobin, and eGFR, this significance was not sustained (OR = 1.49, P = 0.241). CONCLUSIONS KTR show suboptimal serological responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, which is inversely associated with serum R-SH, reflecting systemic oxidative stress. Albeit this association was not robust to relevant confounding factors, it may at least partially be involved in the inability of KTR to generate a positive serological response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa E van Eijk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Arno R Bourgonje
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, the Netherlands; The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
| | - A Lianne Messchendorp
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marian L C Bulthuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marjan Reinders-Luinge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Berber Doornbos-van der Meer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Johanna Westra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Wilfred F A den Dunnen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan-Stephan F Sanders
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Harry van Goor
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Neves FF, Pott-Junior H, Yamashita KMC, de Sousa Santos S, Cominetti MR, de Melo Freire CC, Cunha AFD, Jordão Júnior AA. Do the oxidative stress biomarkers predict COVID-19 outcome? An in-hospital cohort study. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:194-199. [PMID: 37454917 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In SARSCoV-2 infections, excessive activation of the immune system dramatically elevates reactive oxygen species levels, harms cell structures, and directly increases disease severity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate whether plasma oxidative stress biomarker levels could predict mortality in adults admitted with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), considering potential confounders. We conducted a cohort study of 115 adults (62.1 ± 17.6 years, 65 males) admitted to a Brazilian public hospital for severely symptomatic COVID-19. Serum levels of α-tocopherol, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde, and advanced oxidation protein products were quantified at COVID-19 diagnosis using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum levels of α-tocopherol, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and advanced oxidation protein products differed significantly between survivors and non-survivors. Serum glutathione levels below 327.2 μmol/mL were associated with a significant risk of death in COVID-19 patients, even after accounting for other factors (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.12 [95% CI: 1.83-5.33]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Fernandes Neves
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, 13565-905, São, Carlos, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Pott-Junior
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, 13565-905, São, Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Sigrid de Sousa Santos
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, 13565-905, São, Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, 13565-905, São, Carlos, Brazil
| | - Caio Cesar de Melo Freire
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, 13565-905, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Anderson Ferreira da Cunha
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, 13565-905, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Alceu Afonso Jordão Júnior
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Carreto-Binaghi LE, Herrera MT, Guzmán-Beltrán S, Juárez E, Sarabia C, Salgado-Cantú MG, Juarez-Carmona D, Guadarrama-Pérez C, González Y. Reduced IL-8 Secretion by NOD-like and Toll-like Receptors in Blood Cells from COVID-19 Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041078. [PMID: 37189696 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe inflammatory responses are associated with the misbalance of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs, NLRs, and cytokine receptors play an important role in pathogen sensing and intracellular control, which remains unclear in COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate IL-8 production in blood cells from COVID-19 patients in a two-week follow-up evaluation. Blood samples were taken at admission (t1) and after 14 days of hospitalization (t2). The functionality of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7/8, TLR9, NOD1, and NOD2 innate receptors and IL-12 and IFN-γ cytokine receptors was evaluated by whole blood stimulation with specific synthetic receptor agonists through the quantification of IL-8, TNF-α, or IFN-γ. At admission, ligand-dependent IL-8 secretion was 6.4, 13, and 2.5 times lower for TLR2, TLR4, and endosomal TLR7/8 receptors, respectively, in patients than in healthy controls. Additionally, IL-12 receptor-induced IFN-γ secretion was lower in COVID-19 patients than in healthy subjects. We evaluated the same parameters after 14 days and observed significantly higher responses for TLR2, TLR4, TLR7/8, TLR9, and NOD1, NOD2, and IFN-γ receptors. In conclusion, the low secretion of IL-8 through stimulation with agonists of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7/8, TLR9, and NOD2 at t1 suggests their possible contribution to immunosuppression following hyperinflammation in COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de la Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Herrera
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Silvia Guzmán-Beltrán
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Esmeralda Juárez
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Carmen Sarabia
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Manuel G. Salgado-Cantú
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Daniel Juarez-Carmona
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72000, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal Guadarrama-Pérez
- Servicio de Urgencias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Yolanda González
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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Acar T, Ertekin B, Yortanli M. Value of thiol and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) in predicting mortality in serious COVID-19 pneumonia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12514. [PMID: 36573112 PMCID: PMC9771579 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Viral infections of the respiratory tract are generally related to many factors such as excessive production of cytokines, inflammation, cellular death, redox imbalance or oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of thiol and IMA in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia to evaluate oxidative stress. Study design This was a prospective, sectional cohort study conducted at a pandemics hospital between 01.01.2022 and 01.02.2022. Methods A total of 153 patients who had been confirmed with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in the emergency unit were prospectively analyzed. The control group was formed by 50 healthy volunteers with similar age and no chronic disease history. Thiol and IMA levels were statistically compared both in the patient and the control groups, and within the patient groups (survived and non-survival). Results While 96 out of 153 patients had survived, 57 patients had non-survival. There was a statistically significant distinction between the survived and non-survival patients with regard to Thiol and IMA levels (p < 0.001). The thiol levels in the patient group were significantly lower compared to the control group, and the IMA levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity and NPV were 70.2%, 86.5% and 83% when thiol cut-off value was ≤345.2 μmol/L (AUC: 0.886, p < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity and NPV were 70.2%, 85.4% and 82.8% when the IMA cut-off was >302.9 ABSU (AUC: 0.875, p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results demonstrate that thiol and IMA levels may be used as bioindicators for risk classification and mortality in patients with serious COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Acar
- Department of Emergency, University of Health Sciences, Beyhekim Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey,Corresponding author.
| | - Birsen Ertekin
- Department of Emergency, University of Health Sciences, Beyhekim Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yortanli
- Department of Emergency, Numune State Hospital, Konya, Turkey
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Dyslipidemia and Inflammation as Hallmarks of Oxidative Stress in COVID-19: A Follow-Up Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315350. [PMID: 36499671 PMCID: PMC9736368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent works have demonstrated a significant reduction in cholesterol levels and increased oxidative stress in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The cause of this alteration is not well known. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate their possible association during the evolution of COVID-19. This is an observational prospective study. The primary endpoint was to analyze the association between lipid peroxidation, lipid, and inflammatory profiles in COVID-19 patients. A multivariate regression analysis was employed. The secondary endpoint included the long-term follow-up of lipid profiles. COVID-19 patients presented significantly lower values in their lipid profile (total, low, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) with greater oxidative stress and inflammatory response compared to the healthy controls. Lipid peroxidation was the unique oxidative parameter with a significant association with the total cholesterol (OR: 0.982; 95% CI: 0.969-0.996; p = 0.012), IL1-RA (OR: 0.999; 95% CI: 0.998-0.999; p = 0.021) IL-6 (OR: 1.062; 95% CI: 1.017-1.110; p = 0.007), IL-7 (OR: 0.653; 95% CI: 0.433-0.986; p = 0.042) and IL-17 (OR: 1.098; 95% CI: 1.010-1.193; p = 0.028). Lipid abnormalities recovered after the initial insult during long-term follow-up (IQR 514 days); however, those with high LPO levels at hospital admission had, during long-term follow-up, an atherogenic lipid profile. Our study suggests that oxidative stress in COVID-19 is associated with derangements of the lipid profile and inflammation. Survivors experienced a recovery in their lipid profiles during long-term follow-up, but those with stronger oxidative responses had an atherogenic lipid profile.
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6
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Tsermpini EE, Glamočlija U, Ulucan-Karnak F, Redenšek Trampuž S, Dolžan V. Molecular Mechanisms Related to Responses to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081609. [PMID: 36009328 PMCID: PMC9405444 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a leading global health and economic challenge. What defines the disease’s progression is not entirely understood, but there are strong indications that oxidative stress and the defense against reactive oxygen species are crucial players. A big influx of immune cells to the site of infection is marked by the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Our article aims to highlight the critical role of oxidative stress in the emergence and severity of COVID-19 and, more importantly, to shed light on the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms. We have reviewed the available literature and clinical trials to extract the relevant genetic variants within the oxidative stress pathway associated with COVID-19 and the anti-oxidative therapies currently evaluated in the clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment, in particular clinical trials on glutathione and N-acetylcysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Una Glamočlija
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Fulden Ulucan-Karnak
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sara Redenšek Trampuž
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolžan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
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Wiernsperger N, Al-Salameh A, Cariou B, Lalau JD. Protection by metformin against severe Covid-19: an in-depth mechanistic analysis. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2022; 48:101359. [PMID: 35662580 PMCID: PMC9154087 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of Covid-19, several observational studies on diabetes and Covid-19 have reported a favourable association between metformin and Covid-19-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is not surprising since metformin affects many of the pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in SARS-CoV-2 immune response, systemic spread and sequelae. A comparison of the multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms of Covid-19 progression with metformin's well-known pleiotropic properties suggests that the treatment of patients with this drug might be particularly beneficial. Indeed, metformin could alleviate the cytokine storm, diminish virus entry into cells, protect against microvascular damage as well as prevent secondary fibrosis. Although our in-depth analysis covers many potential metformin mechanisms of action, we want to highlight more particularly its unique microcirculatory protective effects since worsening of Covid-19 disease clearly appears as largely due to severe defects in the structure and functioning of microvessels. Overall, these observations confirm that metformin is a unique, pleiotropic drug that targets many of Covid-19′s pathophysiology processes in a diabetes-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdallah Al-Salameh
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Nutrition, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France; PériTox/UMR-I 01, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Bertrand Cariou
- Département d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Nutrition, l'institut du thorax, Inserm, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Hôpital Guillaume et René Laennec, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lalau
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Nutrition, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France; PériTox/UMR-I 01, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
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8
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Hyperglycemia and Loss of Redox Homeostasis in COVID-19 Patients. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060932. [PMID: 35326383 PMCID: PMC8946177 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The infection with SARS-CoV-2 impairs the glucose−insulin axis and this contributes to oxidative (OS) and nitrosative (NSS) stress. Here, we evaluated changes in glucose metabolism that could promote the loss of redox homeostasis in COVID-19 patients. This was comparative cohort and analytical study that compared COVID-19 patients and healthy subjects. The study population consisted of 61 COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidities and 25 healthy subjects (HS). In all subjects the plasma glucose, insulin, 8-isoprostane, Vitamin D, H2S and 3-nitrotyrosine were determined by ELISA. The nitrites (NO2−), lipid-peroxidation (LPO), total-antioxidant-capacity (TAC), thiols, glutathione (GSH) and selenium (Se) were determined by spectrophotometry. The glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), 8-isoprostanes, 3-nitrotyrosine (p < 0.001) and LPO were increased (p = 0.02) while Vitamin D (p = 0.01), H2S, thiols, TAC, GSH and Se (p < 0.001) decreased in COVID-19 patients in comparison to HS. The SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in alterations in the glucose−insulin axis that led to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and IR in patients with and without comorbidities. These alterations increase OS and NSS reflected in increases or decreases in some oxidative markers in plasma with major impact or fatal consequences in patients that course with metabolic syndrome. Moreover, subjects without comorbidities could have long-term alterations in the redox homeostasis after infection.
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Qi X, Shen L, Chen J, Shi M, Shen B. Predicting the Disease Severity of Virus Infection. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1368:111-139. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8969-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Is Marked by Systemic Oxidative Stress: A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10122022. [PMID: 34943125 PMCID: PMC8698810 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and may therefore be considered as a relevant therapeutic target. Serum free thiols (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups) comprise a robust marker of systemic oxidative stress, since they are readily oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, serum free thiol concentrations were measured in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and healthy controls and their associations with relevant clinical parameters were examined. Serum free thiol concentrations were measured colorimetrically (Ellman's method) in 29 non-hospitalized COVID-19 subjects and 30 age-, sex-, and body-mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls and analyzed for associations with clinical and biochemical disease parameters. Additional free thiol measurements were performed on seven serum samples from COVID-19 subjects who required hospitalization to examine their correlation with disease severity. Non-hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 had significantly lower concentrations of serum free thiols compared to healthy controls (p = 0.014), indicating oxidative stress. Serum free thiols were positively associated with albumin (St. β = 0.710, p < 0.001) and inversely associated with CRP (St. β = -0.434, p = 0.027), and showed significant discriminative ability to differentiate subjects with COVID-19 from healthy controls (AUC = 0.69, p = 0.011), which was slightly higher than the discriminative performance of CRP concentrations regarding COVID-19 diagnosis (AUC = 0.66, p = 0.042). This study concludes that systemic oxidative stress is increased in patients with COVID-19 compared with healthy controls. This opens an avenue of treatment options since free thiols are amenable to therapeutic modulation.
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Cumpstey AF, Clark AD, Santolini J, Jackson AA, Feelisch M. COVID-19: A Redox Disease-What a Stress Pandemic Can Teach Us About Resilience and What We May Learn from the Reactive Species Interactome About Its Treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1226-1268. [PMID: 33985343 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affects every aspect of human life by challenging bodily, socioeconomic, and political systems at unprecedented levels. As vaccines become available, their distribution, safety, and efficacy against emerging variants remain uncertain, and specific treatments are lacking. Recent Advances: Initially affecting the lungs, COVID-19 is a complex multisystems disease that disturbs the whole-body redox balance and can be long-lasting (Long-COVID). Numerous risk factors have been identified, but the reasons for variations in susceptibility to infection, disease severity, and outcome are poorly understood. The reactive species interactome (RSI) was recently introduced as a framework to conceptualize how cells and whole organisms sense, integrate, and accommodate stress. Critical Issues: We here consider COVID-19 as a redox disease, offering a holistic perspective of its effects on the human body, considering the vulnerability of complex interconnected systems with multiorgan/multilevel interdependencies. Host/viral glycan interactions underpin SARS-CoV-2's extraordinary efficiency in gaining cellular access, crossing the epithelial/endothelial barrier to spread along the vascular/lymphatic endothelium, and evading antiviral/antioxidant defences. An inflammation-driven "oxidative storm" alters the redox landscape, eliciting epithelial, endothelial, mitochondrial, metabolic, and immune dysfunction, and coagulopathy. Concomitantly reduced nitric oxide availability renders the sulfur-based redox circuitry vulnerable to oxidation, with eventual catastrophic failure in redox communication/regulation. Host nutrient limitations are crucial determinants of resilience at the individual and population level. Future Directions: While inflicting considerable damage to health and well-being, COVID-19 may provide the ultimate testing ground to improve the diagnosis and treatment of redox-related stress diseases. "Redox phenotyping" of patients to characterize whole-body RSI status as the disease progresses may inform new therapeutic approaches to regain redox balance, reduce mortality in COVID-19 and other redox diseases, and provide opportunities to tackle Long-COVID. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1226-1268.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Cumpstey
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anna D Clark
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jérôme Santolini
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Biochemistry, Biophysics and Structural Biology, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alan A Jackson
- Human Nutrition, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Dagcioglu BF, Keskin A, Guner R, Kaya Kalem A, Eser F, Erel O, Neselioglu S, Bayrakdar F, Ozkara A. Thiol levels in mild or moderate COVID-19 patients: A comparison of variant and classic COVID-19 cases. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14753. [PMID: 34431185 PMCID: PMC8646474 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various variants of the COVID-19 have started to attract attention recently. The clinical course of these variants and possible predictive parameters are being investigated. This study aimed to examine the relationship between thiol levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress, and variant COVID-19 types. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, patients with a diagnosis of classic COVID-19 and patients with a diagnosis of variant COVID-19 with mild and moderate symptoms followed in the clinical observatory of Ankara city hospital were included in the study group. The patients were divided into two groups according to the COVID-19 type as a variant and classic COVID-19, and a healthy control group was added for comparison. A complete blood count and thiol analysis were performed from the venous blood samples. Obtained results were compared between groups, and the ROC analysis was performed. RESULTS Thiol levels were significantly lower in patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 compared with the control group. In terms of WBC, lymphocyte, neutrophil, NLR, ferritin and thiol parameters, patients with variant COVID-19 differed significantly from patients with a classic COVID-19 diagnosis. Thiol levels' cut-off values to distinguish between variant COVID-19 patients and control group from classical COVID-19 patients were almost identical (423 and 422 µmol/L, respectively). CONCLUSIONS It seems possible to use thiol as a sensitive, specific and cost-effective marker to suspect variant COVID-19 cases. Since this study is probably the first example in this subject, it would form a basis for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basri Furkan Dagcioglu
- Department of Family MedicineFaculty of MedicineAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ahmet Keskin
- Department of Family MedicineFaculty of MedicineAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Rahmet Guner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ayse Kaya Kalem
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Fatma Eser
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityAnkaraTurkey
- Biochemistry LaboratoryAnkara City HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityAnkaraTurkey
- Biochemistry LaboratoryAnkara City HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Fatma Bayrakdar
- Virology Reference and Research LaboratoryGeneral Directorate of Public Health of TurkeyRefik Saydam CampusAnkaraTurkey
| | - Adem Ozkara
- Department of Family MedicineAnkara City HospitalAnkaraTurkey
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13
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Schmidt EMDS, Fachiolli DF, de Oliveira RM, Almeida FA, Pariz CM, de Lima Meirelles PR, Costa C, Tvarijonaviciute A, Erel O, Neselioglu S, Ceron JJ, Rubio CP. Changes in Serum Thiol-Disulphide Homeostasis in Sheep with Gastrointestinal Nematodes. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102856. [PMID: 34679878 PMCID: PMC8532846 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Parasitism with gastrointestinal nematodes represents a significant risk to the health of livestock populations. Besides the local oxidative damage caused by the parasite, the host reacts by increasing the production of oxidants. The study of thiol-disulphide homeostasis can be of help in the evaluation of the oxidative status of sheep during this type of parasitism. In this study, the thiol-disulphide homeostasis, together with other biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, were assessed in the serum of lambs infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and were evaluated after 70 days of integrated crop-livestock system and anthelmintic treatment. This study showed that the thiol-disulphide balance was impaired in the infected lambs and the changes were correlated with the parasite load, which therefore could indicate their potential use as a tool to evaluate and monitor the disease in sheep. Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the thiol-disulphide homeostasis in serum of lambs naturally infected by gastrointestinal nematodes presenting different levels of parasite load indirectly indicated by faecal worm egg counts (EPG). Furthermore, the possible changes in the thiol-disulphide dynamic after different procedures to reduce the parasitic charge, such as the integrated crop-livestock system or anthelmintic treatment, were assessed. The results were compared with a panel of various oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. The lambs were divided into three groups: animals highly infected (EPG higher than 5000) and packed cell volume (PCV) lower than 24% (G1); animals highly infected (EPG higher than 5000) and normal PCV (>24%) (G2); and animals presenting EPG lower than 5000 and normal PCV (>24%) (G3). The highly infected lambs (G1 and G2) showed lower total thiol (TT) and native thiol (SH) (p ≤ 0.01) than those from G3. After treatment, TT and SH increased significantly in all groups (p ≤ 0.01), and the disulphide (SS)/TT and SS/SH ratios decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in G1 and G2. These results show that the thiol-disulphide balance was impaired in lambs infected by gastrointestinal nematodes and that it could be potentially used as a biomarker to monitor this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Moreira dos Santos Schmidt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (E.M.d.S.S.); (R.M.d.O.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Center of the Federal District-UDF, Brasilia 70390-030, Brazil
| | - Daniele Floriano Fachiolli
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Raphaela Moreira de Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (E.M.d.S.S.); (R.M.d.O.)
| | - Fabiana Alves Almeida
- Department of Parasitology, Biosciences Institute, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil;
| | - Cristiano Magalhães Pariz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Ciniro Costa
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Breeding, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (D.F.F.); (C.M.P.); (P.R.d.L.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.T.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (O.E.); (S.N.)
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (O.E.); (S.N.)
| | - Jose Joaquin Ceron
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.T.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Camila Peres Rubio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (FMVZ-UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (E.M.d.S.S.); (R.M.d.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-8-6888-9762
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14
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Çakırca G, Damar Çakırca T, Üstünel M, Torun A, Koyuncu İ. Thiol level and total oxidant/antioxidant status in patients with COVID-19 infection. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1925-1930. [PMID: 34467472 PMCID: PMC8407933 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress is closely related to the pathogenesis and severity of COVID-19 infection. Here, we attempted to compare thiol, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels between COVID-19 patients who need and do not need intensive care unit (ICU) support, and determine whether these markers could be used as predictors of ICU admission. Methods We recruited 86 patients with COVID-19 infection and classified them into two groups according to the level of care: ICU group (n = 40) and non-ICU group (n = 46). Thiol, TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were determined and compared between the two groups. Results The levels of thiol and TAS in serum were markedly lower in ICU patients than in the non-ICU patients. On the contrary, TOS and OSI levels were markedly higher. Inflammatory markers, including white blood cell, neutrophil, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and ferritin, were negatively correlated with the thiol and TAS, and positively correlated with the TOS and OSI. We determined that areas under the ROC curve for thiol, TAS, TOS, and OSI were 0.799, 0.778, 0.713, and 0.780, respectively. Conclusions Our results revealed that the increase in oxidative stress and decrease in antioxidant levels in COVID-19-infected patients were associated with worsening of disease. Thiol, TAS, TOS, and OSI parameters can be used to distinguish between ICU patients and those who do not, among which thiol was the best predictor of ICU requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Çakırca
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Tuba Damar Çakırca
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Murat Üstünel
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Torun
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - İsmail Koyuncu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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15
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Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Mdkhana B, Hussain Alsayed HA, Alsafar H, Alrais ZF, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Upregulation of oxidative stress gene markers during SARS-COV-2 viral infection. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:688-698. [PMID: 34186206 PMCID: PMC8233550 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe viral infections, including SARS-COV-2, could trigger disruption of the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant mediators; the magnitude of which could reflect the severity of infection and lung injury. Using publicly available COVID-19 transcriptomic datasets, we conducted an in-silico analyses to evaluate the expression levels of 125 oxidative stress genes, including 37 pro-oxidant genes, 32 oxidative-responsive genes, and 56 antioxidant genes. Seven oxidative stress genes were found to be upregulated in whole blood and lung autopsies (MPO, S100A8, S100A9, SRXN1, GCLM, SESN2, and TXN); these genes were higher in severe versus non-severe COVID-19 leucocytes. Oxidative genes were upregulated in inflammatory cells comprising macrophages and CD8+ T cells isolated from bronchioalveolar fluid (BALF), and neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood. MPO, S100A8, and S100A9 were top most upregulated oxidative markers within COVID-19's lung autopsies, whole blood, leucocytes, BALF derived macrophages and circulating neutrophils. The calprotectin's, S100A8 and S100A9 were upregulated in SARS-COV-2 infected human lung epithelium. To validate our in-silico analysis, we conducted qRT-PCR to measure MPO and calprotectin's levels in blood and saliva samples. Relative to uninfected donor controls, MPO, S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly higher in blood and saliva of severe versus asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Compared to other different viral respiratory infections, coronavirus infection showed a prominent upregulation in oxidative stress genes with MPO and calprotectin at the top of the list. In conclusion, SARS-COV-2 induce the expression of oxidative stress genes via both immune as well as lung structural cells. The observed correlation between oxidative stress genes dysregulation and COVID-19 disease severity deserve more attention. Mechanistical studies are required to confirm the correlation between oxidative stress gene dysregulation, COVID-19 severity, and the net oxidative stress balance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bushra Mdkhana
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Habiba Alsafar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zeyad Faoor Alrais
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
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16
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Acute Lung Injury Biomarkers in the Prediction of COVID-19 Severity: Total Thiol, Ferritin and Lactate Dehydrogenase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081221. [PMID: 34439469 PMCID: PMC8388961 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patients who develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can suffer acute lung injury, or even death. Early identification of severe disease is essential in order to control COVID-19 and improve prognosis. Oxidative stress (OS) appears to play an important role in COVID-19 pathogenesis; we therefore conceived a study of the potential discriminative ability of serum biomarkers in patients with ARDS and those with mild to moderate disease (non-ARDS). 60 subjects were enrolled in a single-centre, prospective cohort study of consecutively admitted patients: 29 ARDS/31 non-ARDS. Blood samples were drawn and marker levels analysed by spectrophotometry and immunoassay techniques. C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and ferritin were significantly higher in ARDS versus non-ARDS cases at hospital admission. Leukocytes, LDH, ferritin, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were also significantly elevated in ARDS compared to non-ARDS patients during the hospital stay. Total thiol (TT) was found to be significantly lower in ARDS. Conversely, D-dimer, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and advanced glycosylated end products (AGE) were elevated. Leukocytes, LDH, CRP, ferritin and IL-6 were found to be significantly higher in non-survivors. However, lymphocyte, tumour necrosis factor beta (TGF-β), and TT were lower. In summary, our results support the potential value of TT, ferritin and LDH as prognostic biomarkers for ARDS development in COVID-19 patients, distinguishing non-ARDS from ARDS (AUCs = 0.92; 0.91; 0.89) in a fast and cost-effective manner. These oxidative/inflammatory parameters appear to play an important role in COVID-19 monitoring and can be used in the clinical management of patients.
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17
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Kosanovic T, Sagic D, Djukic V, Pljesa-Ercegovac M, Savic-Radojevic A, Bukumiric Z, Lalosevic M, Djordjevic M, Coric V, Simic T. Time Course of Redox Biomarkers in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Relation with Inflammatory, Multiorgan Impairment Biomarkers and CT Findings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071126. [PMID: 34356359 PMCID: PMC8301049 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the original data on systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients have recently started to emerge, we are still far from a complete profile of changes in patients' redox homeostasis. We aimed to assess the extent of oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA during the course of acute disease, as well as their association with CT pulmonary patterns. In order to obtain more insight into the origin of the systemic oxidative stress, the observed parameters were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers of multiorgan impairment. In this prospective study, we included 58 patients admitted between July and October 2020 with COVID-19 pneumonia. Significant changes in malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and advanced oxidation protein products levels exist during the course of COVID-19. Special emphasis should be placed on the fact that the pattern of changes differs between non-hospitalized and hospitalized individuals. Our results point to the time-dependent relation of oxidative stress parameters with inflammatory and multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary patterns in COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Correlation between redox biomarkers and immunological or multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary CT pattern, confirms the suggested involvement of neutrophils networks, IL-6 production, along with different organ/tissue involvement in systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Kosanovic
- Radiology Department, The University Hospital ‘Dr. Dragisa Misovic- Dedinje’, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Dragan Sagic
- Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases “Dedinje”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir Djukic
- Radiology Department, The University Hospital ‘Dr. Dragisa Misovic- Dedinje’, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.P.-E.); (A.S.-R.)
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.P.-E.); (A.S.-R.)
| | - Zoran Bukumiric
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Miodrag Lalosevic
- Radiology Department, The University Hospital ‘Dr. Dragisa Misovic- Dedinje’, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Marjana Djordjevic
- Radiology Department, The University Hospital ‘Dr. Dragisa Misovic- Dedinje’, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.K.); (V.D.); (M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Vesna Coric
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.P.-E.); (A.S.-R.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (T.S.); Tel.: +381-113643273 (V.C.); +381-113643250 (T.S.)
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.P.-E.); (A.S.-R.)
- Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (T.S.); Tel.: +381-113643273 (V.C.); +381-113643250 (T.S.)
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Ducastel M, Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Ballaa Y, Meritet JF, Brack M, Chapuis N, Pene F, Carlier N, Szwebel TA, Roche N, Terrier B, Borderie D. Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers for the Prediction of Severity and ICU Admission in Unselected Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147462. [PMID: 34299080 PMCID: PMC8306526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to investigate the prognostic performances of oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory and cell activation biomarkers measured at admission in COVID-19 patients. Design: retrospective monocentric study. Setting: patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) admitted to the hospital. Patients: One hundred and sixty documented and unselected COVID-19-patients. Disease severity (from mild to critical) was scored according to NIH’s classification. Interventions: none. Measurements and main results: We measured OS biomarkers (thiol, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA)), inflammation biomarkers (interleukin-6 (IL-6), presepsin) and cellular activation biomarkers (calprotectin) in plasma at admission. Thiol concentrations decreased while IMA, IL-6, calprotectin and PSEP increased with disease severity in COVID-19 patients and were associated with increased O2 needs and ICU admission. The best area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve (AUC) for the prediction of ICU admission was for thiol (AUC = 0.762). A thiol concentration <154 µmol/L was predictive for ICU admission (79.7% sensitivity, 64.6% specificity, 58.8% positive predictive value, 78.9% negative predictive value). In a stepwise logistic regression, we found that being overweight, having dyspnoea, and thiol and IL-6 plasmatic concentrations were independently associated with ICU admission. In contrast, calprotectin was the best biomarker to predict mortality (AUC = 0.792), with an optimal threshold at 24.1 mg/L (94.1% sensitivity, 64.9% specificity, 97.1% positive predictive value and 98.9% negative predictive value), and survival curves indicated that high IL-6 and calprotectin concentrations were associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality. Conclusions: Thiol measurement at admission is a promising tool to predict ICU admission in COVID-19-patients, whereas IL-6 and calprotectin measurements effectively predict mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Ducastel
- Department of Automated Biological Diagnostic, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (M.D.); (Y.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Camille Chenevier-Gobeaux
- Department of Automated Biological Diagnostic, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (M.D.); (Y.B.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yassine Ballaa
- Department of Automated Biological Diagnostic, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (M.D.); (Y.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Jean-François Meritet
- Department of Virology, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Michel Brack
- The Oxidative Stress College Paris, 75007 Paris, France;
| | - Nicolas Chapuis
- Department of Haematology, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Frédéric Pene
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France;
- INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Carlier
- Department of Pulmonology, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (N.C.); (N.R.)
- Institut Cochin, UMR 1016, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Tali-Anne Szwebel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (T.-A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Nicolas Roche
- Department of Pulmonology, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (N.C.); (N.R.)
- Institut Cochin, UMR 1016, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Terrier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (T.-A.S.); (B.T.)
- Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Maladies Systémiques Rares d’Ile-de-France, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
- PARCC, INSERM U970, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Didier Borderie
- Department of Automated Biological Diagnostic, Cochin Hospital, APHP-Centre Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; (M.D.); (Y.B.); (D.B.)
- INSERM UMRs 1124, Environmental Toxicity, Therapeutic Targets, Cellular Signaling and Biomarkers, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
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19
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Mete AÖ, Koçak K, Saracaloglu A, Demiryürek S, Altınbaş Ö, Demiryürek AT. Effects of antiviral drug therapy on dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitric oxide levels in COVID-19 patients. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174306. [PMID: 34245744 PMCID: PMC8262407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a serious global pandemic. Although an oxidative stress imbalance occurs in COVID-19 patients, the contributions of thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitric oxide (NO) generation to the pathogenesis of COVID-19 have been poorly identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of antiviral drug therapy on the serum dynamics of thiol/disulphide homeostasis and NO levels in COVID-19 patients. A total of 50 adult patients with COVID-19 and 43 sex-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. Venous blood samples were collected immediately on admission to the hospital within 24 h after the diagnosis (pre-treatment) and at the 15th day of drug therapy (post-treatment). Serum native thiol and total thiol levels were measured, and the amounts of dynamic disulphide bonds and related ratios were calculated. The average pre-treatment total and native thiol levels were significantly lower than the post-treatment values (P < 0.001 for all). We observed no significant changes in disulphide levels or disulphide/total thiol, disulphide/native thiol, or native thiol/total thiol ratios between pre- and post-treatments. There was also a significant increase in serum NO levels in the pre-treatment values when compared to control (P < 0.001) and post-treatment measurements (P < 0.01). Our results strongly suggest that thiol/disulphide homeostasis and nitrosative stress can contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. This study was the first to show that antiviral drug therapy can prevent the depletion in serum thiol levels and decrease serum NO levels in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Özlem Mete
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Kübra Koçak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Saracaloglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Seniz Demiryürek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Özgür Altınbaş
- Department of Operating Room Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Abdullah T Demiryürek
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey; Vocational School of Health Services, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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20
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Xu B, Lei Y, Ren X, Yin F, Wu W, Sun Y, Wang X, Sun Q, Yang X, Wang X, Zhang R, Li Z, Fang S, Liu J. SOD1 is a Possible Predictor of COVID-19 Progression as Revealed by Plasma Proteomics. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:16826-16836. [PMID: 34250342 PMCID: PMC8247781 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a worldwide health emergency. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 present with diverse symptoms related to the severity of the disease. Determining the proteomic changes associated with these diverse symptoms and in different stages of infection is beneficial for clinical diagnosis and management. Here, we performed a tandem mass tag-labeling proteomic study on the plasma of healthy controls and COVID-19 patients, including those with asymptomatic infection (NS), mild syndrome, and severe syndrome in the early phase and the later phase. Although the number of patients included in each group is low, our comparative proteomic analysis revealed that complement and coagulation cascades, cholesterol metabolism, and glycolysis-related proteins were affected after infection with SARS-CoV-2. Compared to healthy controls, ELISA analysis confirmed that SOD1, PRDX2, and LDHA levels were increased in the patients with severe symptoms. Both gene set enrichment analysis and receiver operator characteristic analysis indicated that SOD1 could be a pivotal indicator for the severity of COVID-19. Our results indicated that plasma proteome changes differed based on the symptoms and disease stages and SOD1 could be a predictor protein for indicating COVID-19 progression. These results may also provide a new understanding for COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhong Xu
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxuan Lei
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School
of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaohu Ren
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng Yin
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology
and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen
Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Pingshan
Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Renli Zhang
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zigang Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology
and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen
Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Pingshan
Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Shisong Fang
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Shenzhen
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
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21
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Simić T. Significance of thiol-disulfide balance in SARS-CoV-2 infection. MEDICINSKI PODMLADAK 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/mp72-32874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the molecular mechanisms regarding interaction of different viruses with receptors on the host cell surface have shown that the viral entry depends on the specific relationship between free thiol (SH) groups and disulfides on the virus surface, as well as the thiol disulfide balance on the host cell surface. The presence of oxidizing compounds or alkylating agents, which disturb the thiol-disulfide balance on the surface of the virus, can also affect its infectious potential. Disturbed thiol-disulfide balance may also influence protein-protein interactions between SARS-CoV-2 protein S and ACE2 receptors of the host cell. This review presents the basic mechanisms of maintaining intracellular and extracellular thiol disulfide balance and previous experimental and clinical evidence in favor of impaired balance in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Besides, the results of the clinical application or experimental analysis of compounds that induce changes in the thiol disulfide balance towards reduction of disulfide bridges in proteins of interest in COVID-19 infection are presented.
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