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Zhao L, Cheng L, Hu Y, Li X, Yang Y, Mu J, Shen L, Hu G, He K, Yan H, Liu Q, Yang S. Dietary sodium acetate and sodium butyrate attenuate intestinal damage and improve lipid metabolism in juvenile largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides) fed a high carbohydrate diet by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:443-456. [PMID: 38425445 PMCID: PMC10901750 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
High-carbohydrate (HC) diets decrease the intestinal levels of sodium acetate (SA) and sodium butyrate (SB) and impair the gut health of largemouth bass; however, SA and SB have been shown to enhance immunity and improve intestinal health in farmed animals. Thus, the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary SA and SB on HC diet-induced intestinal injury and the potential mechanisms in juvenile largemouth bass. The experiment set five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, including a low-carbohydrate diet (9% starch) (LC), a high carbohydrate diet (18% starch) (HC), and the HC diet supplemented with 2 g/kg SA (HCSA), 2 g/kg SB (HCSB) or a combination of 1 g/kg SA and 1 g/kg SB (HCSASB). The feeding experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. A total of 525 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were used. The results showed that dietary SA and SB improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate (P < 0.05) and ameliorated serum parameters (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) (P < 0.05). And, importantly, dietary SA and SB repaired the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-7 (P < 0.05), reduced HC-induced intestinal damage, and alleviated intestinal inflammation and cell apoptosis by attenuating HC-induced intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress (P < 0.05). Further results revealed that dietary SA and SB reduced HC-induced intestinal fat deposition by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis (P < 0.05). In summary, this study demonstrated that dietary SA and SB attenuated HC-induced intestinal damage and reduced excessive intestinal fat deposition in largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaohui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yihui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jin Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Lianfeng Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Guojun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Kuo He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Haoxiao Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
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Cai J, Yin B, Wang Y, Pan K, Xiao Y, Wang X. Gut microbiome play a crucial role in geographical and interspecies variations in mercury accumulation by fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169381. [PMID: 38101636 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) contamination in fish has raised global concerns for decades. The Hg biotransformation can be manipulated by gut microbiome and it is found to have a substantial impact on the speciation and final fate of Hg in fish. However, the contribution of intestinal microbiota in geographical and interspecies variations in fish Hg levels has not been thoroughly understood. The present study compared the Hg levels in wild marine fish captured from two distinct regions in South China sea. We observed a quite "ironic" phenomenon that MeHg levels in carnivorous fish from a region with minimal human impacts (Xisha Islands, 92 ± 7.2 ng g-1 FW) were much higher than those from a region with severe human impacts (Daya Bay, 19 ± 0.41 ng g-1 FW). Furthermore, the results showed that gut microbiome determined Hg biotransformation and played a crucial role in the variances in fish Hg levels across different geographical locations and species. The intestinal methylators, rather than demethylators, were more significant in affecting Hg biotransformation in fish. The carnivorous species in Xisha Islands exhibited a higher abundance of intestinal methylators, leading to higher MeHg accumulation. Besides, the gut microbiome could be shaped in response to the elevated Hg levels in these fish, which may benefit their adaptation to Hg toxicity and overall health preservation. However, anthropogenic activities (particularly overfishing) in Daya Bay have severely affected the fish population, disrupting the reciprocal relationships between fish and intestinal microbiota and rendering them more susceptible to pathogenic microbes. Overall, this study provided a comprehensive understanding of the role of gut microbiome in Hg bioaccumulation in fish and offered valuable insights into the co-evolutionary dynamics between fish and gut microbiome in the presence of Hg exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyi Cai
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bingxin Yin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yunhui Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yayuan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhao J, Chen J, Tian X, Jiang L, Cui Q, Sun Y, Wu N, Liu G, Ding Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Han D, Xu Y. Amantadine Toxicity in Apostichopus japonicus Revealed by Proteomics. TOXICS 2023; 11:226. [PMID: 36976991 PMCID: PMC10053536 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Amantadine exposure can alter biological processes in sea cucumbers, which are an economically important seafood in China. In this study, amantadine toxicity in Apostichopus japonicus was analyzed by oxidative stress and histopathological methods. Quantitative tandem mass tag labeling was used to examine changes in protein contents and metabolic pathways in A. japonicus intestinal tissues after exposure to 100 µg/L amantadine for 96 h. Catalase activity significantly increased from days 1 to 3 of exposure, but it decreased on day 4. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities were inhibited throughout the exposure period. Malondialdehyde contents increased on days 1 and 4 but decreased on days 2 and 3. Proteomics analysis revealed 111 differentially expressed proteins in the intestines of A. japonicus after amantadine exposure compared with the control group. An analysis of the involved metabolic pathways showed that the glycolytic and glycogenic pathways may have increased energy production and conversion in A. japonicus after amantadine exposure. The NF-κB, TNF, and IL-17 pathways were likely induced by amantadine exposure, thereby activating NF-κB and triggering intestinal inflammation and apoptosis. Amino acid metabolism analysis showed that the leucine and isoleucine degradation pathways and the phenylalanine metabolic pathway inhibited protein synthesis and growth in A. japonicus. This study investigated the regulatory response mechanisms in A. japonicus intestinal tissues after exposure to amantadine, providing a theoretical basis for further research on amantadine toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Zhao
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
- School of Food, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jianqiang Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Xiuhui Tian
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Lisheng Jiang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Qingkui Cui
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yanqing Sun
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Ningning Wu
- Qingdao Ocean Management Security Center, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Ge Liu
- Laizhou Marine Development and Fisheries Service Center, Yantai 261499, China
| | - Yuzhu Ding
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Dianfeng Han
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yingjiang Xu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
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