Sperm hunting on optical microscope slides for forensic analysis with deep convolutional networks - a feasibility study

Sexual health in the era of artificial intelligence: a scoping review of the literature

INTRODUCTION

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has witnessed significant growth in the field of medicine, leveraging machine learning, artificial neuron networks, and large language models. These technologies are effective in disease diagnosis, education, and prevention, while raising ethical concerns and potential challenges. However, their utility in sexual medicine remains relatively unexplored.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the status of AI in the field of sexual medicine.

METHODS

A comprehensive search was conducted using MeSH keywords, including "artificial intelligence," "sexual medicine," "sexual health," and "machine learning." Two investigators screened articles for eligibility within the PubMed and MEDLINE databases, with conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. Articles in English language that reported on AI in sexual medicine and health were included. A total of 69 full-text articles were systematically analyzed based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data extraction included information on article characteristics, study design, assessment methods, and outcomes.

RESULTS

The initial search yielded 905 articles relevant to AI in sexual medicine. Upon assessing the full texts of 121 articles for eligibility, 52 studies unrelated to AI in sexual health were excluded, resulting in 69 articles for systematic review. The analysis revealed AI's accuracy in preventing, diagnosing, and decision-making in sexually transmitted diseases. AI also demonstrated the ability to diagnose and offer precise treatment plans for male and female sexual dysfunction and infertility, accurately predict sex from bone and teeth imaging, and correctly predict and diagnose sexual orientation and relationship issues. AI emerged as a promising modality with significant implications for the future of sexual medicine.

CONCLUSIONS

Further research is essential to unlock the potential of AI in sexual medicine. AI presents advantages such as accessibility, user-friendliness, confidentiality, and a preferred source of sexual health information. However, it still lags human healthcare providers in terms of compassion and clinical expertise.

The significance of prostate-specific antigen in forensic examinations of sexual violence: A case report

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests are used in forensic science to perform rapid semen screening on vaginal swab samples from suspected victims of sexual assault. In some sexual assault cases, clothing or bedding is key evidence. A pre-trial investigation was launched following a complaint by an 85-year-old woman, who alleged that she had been raped by her 63-year-old son-in-law with whom she lives. Traces of seminal fluid were found in the vaginal swab (following a PSA test), and traces of seminal fluid, along with the victim's DNA and a partial DNA profile of the suspect, were found on the victim's underwear. The first-instance court (district court) found the man guilty and sentenced him to 3 years and 6 months of imprisonment for rape. Although PSA is produced in the prostate and secreted into seminal fluid, it is not exclusive to the prostate. PSA can be detected in women's bodies in various pathological conditions. In cases of sexual violence, the proper interpretation of laboratory tests is essential, taking into account all the circumstances of the incident as well as the victim's medical history.

Enhancing the Evidence with Algorithms: How Artificial Intelligence Is Transforming Forensic Medicine

BACKGROUND

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into various fields has ushered in a new era of multidisciplinary progress. Defined as the ability of a system to interpret external data, learn from it, and adapt to specific tasks, AI is poised to revolutionize the world. In forensic medicine and pathology, algorithms play a crucial role in data analysis, pattern recognition, anomaly identification, and decision making. This review explores the diverse applications of AI in forensic medicine, encompassing fields such as forensic identification, ballistics, traumatic injuries, postmortem interval estimation, forensic toxicology, and more.

RESULTS

A thorough review of 113 articles revealed a subset of 32 papers directly relevant to the research, covering a wide range of applications. These included forensic identification, ballistics and additional factors of shooting, traumatic injuries, post-mortem interval estimation, forensic toxicology, sexual assaults/rape, crime scene reconstruction, virtual autopsy, and medical act quality evaluation. The studies demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of employing AI technology in various facets of forensic medicine and pathology.

CONCLUSIONS

The integration of AI in forensic medicine and pathology offers promising prospects for improving accuracy and efficiency in medico-legal practices. From forensic identification to post-mortem interval estimation, AI algorithms have shown the potential to reduce human subjectivity, mitigate errors, and provide cost-effective solutions. While challenges surrounding ethical considerations, data security, and algorithmic correctness persist, continued research and technological advancements hold the key to realizing the full potential of AI in forensic applications. As the field of AI continues to evolve, it is poised to play an increasingly pivotal role in the future of forensic medicine and pathology.

Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Medicine and Toxicology: The Future of Forensic Medicine

The predominance of artificial intelligence (AI) will be the next Industrial Revolution. All the fields of industry will be reshaped with AI. Forensic medicine and toxicology is an important branch for investigations of crimes and this branch has tremendous scope of development with the help of AI. Any science or process cannot stay away long from newer techniques. The traditional way of doing an autopsy and framing an opinion has a lot of limitations and these limitations can be overcome with AI. Various procedures of forensic medicine like analysis of toxins, collection of the various samples of medicolegal importance from body cavity, detection of pathological changes in various organs of the body, detection of various stains on the body, detection of a weapon used in crime, time since death calculations, etc. are the areas where AI will play a key role in framing the various opinions of medicolegal importance. AI can also be integrated into existing testing and analysis processes to make the whole procedure rapid and more accurate. In the future, AI might become a key part of forensic medicine and toxicology practice.