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Fernández-Gorgojo M, Salas-Gómez D, Sánchez-Juan P, Laguna-Bercero E, Pérez-Núñez MI. Analysis of Dynamic Plantar Pressure and Influence of Clinical-Functional Measures on Their Performance in Subjects with Bimalleolar Ankle Fracture at 6 and 12 Months Post-Surgery. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23083975. [PMID: 37112316 PMCID: PMC10142754 DOI: 10.3390/s23083975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recovery after ankle fracture surgery can be slow and even present functional deficits in the long term, so it is essential to monitor the rehabilitation process objectively and detect which parameters are recovered earlier or later. The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate dynamic plantar pressure and functional status in patients with bimalleolar ankle fracture 6 and 12 months after surgery, and (2) to study their degree of correlation with previously collected clinical variables. Twenty-two subjects with bimalleolar ankle fractures and eleven healthy subjects were included in the study. Data collection was performed at 6 and 12 months after surgery and included clinical measurements (ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and bimalleolar/calf circumference), functional scales (AOFAS and OMAS), and dynamic plantar pressure analysis. The main results found in plantar pressure were a lower mean/peak plantar pressure, as well as a lower contact time at 6 and 12 months with respect to the healthy leg and control group and only the control group, respectively (effect size 0.63 ≤ d ≤ 0.97). Furthermore, in the ankle fracture group there is a moderate negative correlation (-0.435 ≤ r ≤ 0.674) between plantar pressures (average and peak) with bimalleolar and calf circumference. The AOFAS and OMAS scale scores increased at 12 months to 84.4 and 80.0 points, respectively. Despite the evident improvement one year after surgery, data collected using the pressure platform and functional scales suggest that recovery is not yet complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Fernández-Gorgojo
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat (EUG), Physiotherapy School Cantabria, University of Cantabria, 39300 Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Diana Salas-Gómez
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat (EUG), Physiotherapy School Cantabria, University of Cantabria, 39300 Torrelavega, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Neurodegenerative Disease Network Biomedical Research Center (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Laguna-Bercero
- Traumatology Service and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital “Marqués de Valdecilla” (UHMV), 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - María Isabel Pérez-Núñez
- Traumatology Service and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital “Marqués de Valdecilla” (UHMV), 39008 Santander, Spain
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Rogério FR, Guedes DP. Footwork Pro System Reproducibility of Static and Dynamic Plantar Pressure Indicators. J Chiropr Med 2023; 22:45-51. [PMID: 36844989 PMCID: PMC9947969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to identify the reproducibility of the Footwork Pro plate in the measurement of static and dynamic plantar pressure in healthy adults. Methods We performed a reliability study using a test-retest design. The sample consisted of 49 healthy adults of both sexes, aged 18 to 64. Participants were assessed on the following 2 different occasions: the initial moment and 7 days later. Measurements for the static and dynamic plantar pressure were performed. We used the Student t test for paired data, the concordance correlation coefficient, and bias to estimate reliability. Results Plantar pressure values for the static condition (peak plantar pressure, plantar surface contact area, and body mass distribution) and dynamic condition (peak plantar pressure, plantar surface contact area, and contact time) between the first and second measurements did not present statistically significant differences. The concordance correlation coefficients were ≤0.90, and the biases were of low magnitude. Conclusion The findings showed that the Footwork Pro system offered clinically acceptable reproducibility to identify static and dynamic plantar pressure and thus may be a reliable tool for this purpose.
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Cobos-Moreno P, Astasio-Picado Á, Martínez-Nova A, Sánchez-Rodríguez R, Escamilla-Martínez E, Gómez-Martín B. The Podoprint® plantar pressure platform: Evaluation of reliability and repeatability, and determination of the normality parameters. J Tissue Viability 2022; 31:619-624. [PMID: 35868968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Podoprint® pressure platform system is widely used in routine podiatric clinical practice to measure plantar pressures. It allows non-invasive examination of the patient, and provides fast results with high levels of precision, reliability, and repeatability. Once these conditions have been demonstrated, the clinical and/or research use of baropodometry allows results to be obtained in the field of podology that are far from inconsiderable. The study was designed to evaluate the repeatability and reliability of the platform, and to identify the normal foot pressure parameters. METHODS Records were collected from 52 random healthy individuals, 10 men and 42 women, in two sessions separated by one week. The study variables were: maximum pressure, mean pressure, support surface areas (heel, midfoot, and forefoot), and contact time. Repeatability and reliability were evaluated by calculating the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV) in the three tests. RESULTS The ICCs showed moderate to good repeatability for the variables of interest, and the CVs were all less than 18%. The maximum pressure was under the forefoot (mean 2675.4 ± 513.8 g/cm2). The mean contact time of the steps was 0.72 ± 0.07 s. CONCLUSIONS The Podoprint® system is a reliable tool for evaluating the distribution of plantar pressures in the dynamic study of the barefoot gait of healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cobos-Moreno
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Extremadura University, Extremadura, Spain
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Cobos-Moreno P, Astasio-Picado Á, Gómez-Martín B. Pathophysiological Behaviour of the Climber's Foot versus the General Population: A Prospective Observational Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:868. [PMID: 35628005 PMCID: PMC9141719 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sport climbing is becoming increasingly popular, with people of all types and ages practising it. The feet suffer a lot of pressure with the sport climbing gesture, which in the long run can produce alterations in the first metatarsophalangeal joint or in the first radius of the foot. Objective: To observe and quantify the behaviour of the foot in climbing subjects compared to a group of non-climbing subjects, comparing the pressures, first metatarsophalangeal joint and first radius of the foot. Method: This is a non-experimental and observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and prospective research. The study sample consisted of 105 subjects (42 males and 63 females). The control group consisted of 52 subjects and the climbing group consisted of 53 subjects. Different exploratory tests were carried out on all the subjects, such as: mobility of the metatarsophalangeal joint and first radius of the foot and the study of plantar pressures in different areas of the study. Results: No significant difference was found between left and right foot measurements (p > 0.05). The pressures of the same foot are significant, both at static and dynamic stages for both groups. The maximum pressure in the climbing group was under the first metatarsal head, while in the control group it was under the second metatarsal head. There were significant differences in the mobility of the first metatarsal joint and the first radius between the two groups. Conclusion: It can be seen that the group of climbers has less plantar pressure than the control group. They also have altered mobility of the first radius and the first metatarsophalangeal joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cobos-Moreno
- Nursing Department, University of Extremadura, 10600 Plasencia, Spain; (P.C.-M.); (B.G.-M.)
| | - Álvaro Astasio-Picado
- Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Real Fábrica de Sedas, s/n, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Martín
- Nursing Department, University of Extremadura, 10600 Plasencia, Spain; (P.C.-M.); (B.G.-M.)
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Variability of Postural Stability and Plantar Pressure Parameters in Healthy Subjects Evaluated by a Novel Pressure Plate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052913. [PMID: 35270606 PMCID: PMC8910512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Postural stability and plantar pressure parameters can be assessed by baropodometry; nevertheless, they are often affected by low repeatability. The aim of the study was to test the accuracy and repeatability of a novel resistive sensor pressure plate and to establish the most reliable baropodometric parameters. Methods: Accuracy and repeatability of the FM12050 BTS-Bioengineering plate measurements were assessed by using different weights in static conditions across three sessions. Subsequently, 20 healthy subjects were assessed by 30-s stabilometric analysis in bipedal standing with open eyes across four trials in two sessions, morning and afternoon. Results: Pressure plate repeatability in measuring the static weights was very high, and plate measurements were correlated to the scale measurements (Pearson’s coefficient = 0.99). Percentage of load distribution between left and right foot and in rearfoot and forefoot regions showed the largest repeatability (coefficient of variation < 5%) across trials. Eventually, median and percentiles (25−75%) were reported for each parameter. Conclusions: This study helped to assess the accuracy and repeatability of a novel pressure plate in static conditions and to define the most reliable parameters for the assessment of postural stability and foot morphology. The present healthy-subject stabilometric dataset may be used as reference data in the evaluation of pathological populations.
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Effects of Minimalist Footwear and Foot Strike Pattern on Plantar Pressure during a Prolonged Running. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12010506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of minimalist shoes (MS) in running involves changes in running mechanics compared to conventional shoes (CS), but there is still little research analysing the effects of this footwear on plantar pressure, which could help to understand some risk injury factors. Moreover, there are no studies examining the effects of a prolonged running and foot strike patterns on baropodometric variables in MS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the changes produced using MS on plantar pressure during a prolonged running, as well as its interaction with the time and foot strike pattern. Twenty-one experienced minimalist runners (age 38 ± 10 years, MS running experience 2 ± 1 years) ran with MS and CS for 30 min at 80% of their maximal aerobic speed, and mean pressure, peak pressure, contact time, centre of pressure velocity, relative force and contact area were analysed using a pressure platform. Foot strike pattern and time were also considered as factors. The multivariable linear regression mixed models showed that the use of MS induced, at the end of a prolonged running, higher peak pressure (p = 0.008), lower contact time (p = 0.004) and lower contact area (p < 0.001) than using CS. Also, runners with forefoot strike pattern using MS, compared to midfoot and rearfoot patterns, showed higher mean and peak pressure (p < 0.001) and lower contact time and area (p < 0.05). These results should be considered when planning training for runners using MS, as higher peak pressure values when using this type of footwear could be a risk factor for the development of some foot injuries.
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Alfaro-Santafé JV, Gómez-Bernal A, Almenar-Arasanz AJ, Alfaro-Santafé J. Reliability and Repeatability of the Footwork Plantar Pressure Plate System. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2021; 111. [PMID: 35061597 DOI: 10.7547/18-057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plantar pressure plate instruments are commonly used in clinical practice and biomechanical analysis and are useful to establish a relationship between gait disorders and foot pressure. The aim of this study was to verify the reliability and repeatability of the Footwork pressure plate system for static and dynamic conditions. METHODS Forty healthy adults, without apparent gait pathology, were recruited. For the static condition, participants were asked to stand static on the Footwork pressure plate for 5 sec in natural position (arms on either side of the body, feet shoulder-width apart in a comfortable angle, and looking ahead). For the dynamic condition, subjects were told to step five times with each foot on the plate following the three-step protocol. Both conditions were performed in two testing sessions spaced by 1 week. RESULTS Intrasession and intersession reliability for both conditions showed substantial to almost perfect intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values, and low coefficient of variation, low standard error measure, and low percentage error. Intrasession ICCs were 0.724 to 0.993 for static condition evaluation and 0.639 to 0.986 for dynamic condition evaluation. Intersession reliability ICCs ranged from 0.850 to 0.987 for the static condition and from 0.781 to 0.996 for the dynamic condition. Coefficient of variation values were below 8% in both cases and percentage error calculated from standard error measure were less than 10%. CONCLUSIONS The present work demonstrates that the Footwork plantar pressure plate system is a reliable instrument for collecting plantar pressures in static and dynamic conditions. Reliability data were higher for the static trials, probably because of the individual physiologic fluctuations, which are larger during dynamic gait. Reliability for intersession and average intrasession trials were higher than single-test reliability. The results from the present work can be used as a starting point for future research and to establish a basis for sample sizes for investigations that would use the Footwork platform.
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Alfaro-Santafé JV, Alfaro-Santafé J, Lanuza-Cerzócimo C, Gómez-Bernal A, Pérez-Morcillo A, Almenar-Arasanz AJ, Mena-Tobar A, Laclériga-Giménez AF. Locally linear embedding and plantar pressure-time graph selection in heel pain classification: An observational, case-control study. J Biomech 2021; 128:110784. [PMID: 34628198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Plantar heel pain mainly manifests during the gait cycle when the whole foot is in contact with the floor, which corresponds to the second rocker of the gait. This moment can be studied through the analysis of pressure-time graphs obtained using plantar pressure plate systems. However, these graphs are complex, and a dimensionality reduction method, such as locally linear embedding (LLE), greatly assists in their comprehension. This observational, case-control pilot study included 45 subjects divided into case (n = 21) and control (n = 24) groups, depending on the presence/absence of plantar heel pain. The second rocker pressure-time graphs of the 45 subjects were obtained using the Footwork Pro® plantar pressure plate system. These graphs were analyzed and defined as the dynamic simultaneity surfaces (DSSs). This complex structure was composed of four dimensions: the dynamic simultaneity time (DST), slope upward grade (α), slope downward grade (β), and height (h), and were reduced into one dimension and classified into pathological and non-pathological subjects using the LLE method. All 45 DSSs were successfully reduced and classified to distinguish between the case (plantar heel pain) and control (non-plantar heel pain) subjects. This study is the first to use the LLE method for gait analysis. This method serves as a novel and promising tool for the study and classification of pathological and non-pathological gait cycles. This method opens the door for future research and analysis, with significant potential to assess diagnosis, treatment follow-up, and injury prevention in physical medicine consultations.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Víctor Alfaro-Santafé
- R & D Department, Biomechanical Unit, Podoactiva Headquarters, Huesca, Spain; Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Spain.
| | - Javier Alfaro-Santafé
- R & D Department, Biomechanical Unit, Podoactiva Headquarters, Huesca, Spain; Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Spain.
| | - Carla Lanuza-Cerzócimo
- R & D Department, Biomechanical Unit, Podoactiva Headquarters, Huesca, Spain; Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Spain.
| | - Antonio Gómez-Bernal
- R & D Department, Biomechanical Unit, Podoactiva Headquarters, Huesca, Spain; Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Spain.
| | | | - Alejandro-Jesús Almenar-Arasanz
- R & D Department, Biomechanical Unit, Podoactiva Headquarters, Huesca, Spain; Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Spain.
| | | | - Antonio-Francisco Laclériga-Giménez
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; Service of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumathology, Miguel Servet Universitary Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Painceira-Villar R, García-Paz V, Becerro de Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, López-López D, Martiniano J, Pereiro-Buceta H, Martínez-Jiménez EM, Calvo-Lobo C. Impact of Asthma on Plantar Pressures in a Sample of Adult Patients: A Case-Control Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11111157. [PMID: 34834508 PMCID: PMC8619124 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the high prevalence of asthma in the population, and its relationship with various musculoskeletal and postural disorders, the aim of this study was to evaluate the plantar pressures in asthmatic patients compared to a control group. A case-control study involving 90 participants was conducted, consisting of 45 asthma patients and 45 healthy paired controls. Static plantar pressure data were recorded using a portable pressure sensor platform. Statistically significant differences were shown in the body weight on the left heel (p = 0.031), and the right forefoot maximum peak pressure was lower in the case group (p = 0.042). The findings of this study show alterations in static plantar pressures in asthmatic patients compared to healthy individuals. Specifically, the subjects with asthma showed less maximum pressure in the right forefoot and less weight on the left heel, which appear to be associated with the asthma disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Painceira-Villar
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain; (R.P.-V.); (D.L.-L.); (H.P.-B.); (V.G.-P.)
| | - Vanesa García-Paz
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain; (R.P.-V.); (D.L.-L.); (H.P.-B.); (V.G.-P.)
- Departament of Allergology. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, 15403 Ferrol, Spain
| | | | | | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain; (R.P.-V.); (D.L.-L.); (H.P.-B.); (V.G.-P.)
| | - João Martiniano
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, 1300-125 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Héctor Pereiro-Buceta
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain; (R.P.-V.); (D.L.-L.); (H.P.-B.); (V.G.-P.)
| | - Eva María Martínez-Jiménez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.B.d.B.-V.); (C.C.-L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cesar Calvo-Lobo
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.B.d.B.-V.); (C.C.-L.)
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Pereiro-Buceta H, Calvo-Lobo C, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, Romero-Morales C, López-López D, Martínez-Jiménez EM. Intra and intersession repeatability and reliability of dynamic parameters in pressure platform assessments on subjects with simulated leg length discrepancy. A cross-sectional research. SAO PAULO MED J 2021; 139:424-434. [PMID: 34190874 PMCID: PMC9632525 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0791.r1.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leg length discrepancy (LLD) may play a key role in exercise biomechanics. Although the Podoprint platform has been used in dynamic pressure studies, there are no data regarding the reliability and repeatability of dynamic measurements under simulated LLD conditions. OBJECTIVES To determine the intra and intersession repeatability and reliability of dynamic parameters of the Podoprint pressure platform under simulated LLD conditions. DESIGN AND SETTING Observational cross-sectional study at a public university. METHODS Thirty-seven healthy volunteers participated in this study. LLD was simulated using ethyl vinyl acetate plantar lifts with heights of 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm located under the right shoe of each volunteer. The procedure was performed to capture the dynamic parameters of each participant under five different simulated LLD conditions. Stance time, mean pressure and peak pressure measurements were registered in three trials for each foot and each LLD level. Data were collected during two separate testing sessions, in order to establish intrasession and intersession reliability. RESULTS The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intrasession reliability ranged from 0.775 to 0.983 in the first session and from 0.860 to 0.985 in the second session. The ICCs for intersession reliability ranged from 0.909 to 0.990. Bland-Altman plots showed absence of systematic measurement errors. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study indicate that the Podoprint platform is a reliable system for assessing dynamic parameters under simulated LLD conditions. Future studies should evaluate plantar pressures under LLD conditions, in association with exercise, biomechanics and musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Pereiro-Buceta
- MSc, DPM. Doctoral Student, Researcher, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain.
| | - César Calvo-Lobo
- PT, MSc, PhD. Senior Professor, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo
- RN, BSc, MLIS, DPM, DHL, PhD. Full Professor, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias
- MSc, PhD, DPM. Full Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
| | - Carlos Romero-Morales
- PT, MSc, PhD, Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel López-López
- MSc, PhD, DPM. Senior Lecturer and Researcher, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain.
| | - Eva-María Martínez-Jiménez
- PT, MSc, PhD, DPM. Assistant Professor, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain.
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Iwasaki M, Watanabe Y, Motokawa K, Shirobe M, Inagaki H, Motohashi Y, Mikami Y, Taniguchi Y, Osuka Y, Seino S, Kim H, Kawai H, Sakurai R, Edahiro A, Ohara Y, Hirano H, Shinkai S, Awata S. Oral frailty and gait performance in community-dwelling older adults: findings from the Takashimadaira study. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 65:467-473. [PMID: 33612666 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional study compared gait performance between community-dwelling older adults with and without accumulated deficits in oral health, defined as oral frailty. METHODS A total of 1,082 individuals (439 men and 643 women; mean age, 77.1 years) from the Takashimadaira study were included in the current analysis. Based on a multifaceted oral health assessment, oral frailty was defined as having three or more of the following six components: (i) fewer teeth, (ii) low masticatory performance, (iii) low articulatory oral motor skills, (iv) low tongue pressure, (v) difficulties in eating, and (vi) swallowing. Eight gait parameters were assessed using an electronic walkway. Gait characteristics comparison between groups with and without oral frailty was performed using multiple linear regression models. Models were adjusted for age, sex, educational status, income, smoking, drinking, physical activity level, height, body mass index, comorbidities, and the presence of chronic pain. RESULTS Oral frailty was observed in 227 (21.0%) participants. After adjusting for potential confounders, the participants with oral frailty had slower gait speed, shorter stride and step length, wider step width, and longer double support duration as well as higher variability of stride length and step length. CONCLUSIONS Oral frailty was associated with poor gait performance among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo.,Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo
| | | | - Maki Shirobe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo
| | | | | | - Yurie Mikami
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo.,The National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki
| | - Yosuke Osuka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo
| | | | - Hunkyung Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo
| | | | | | | | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo
| | | | - Shoji Shinkai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo.,Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama
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Rogerio FRPG, Guedes DP. Reprodutibilidade e concordância entre diferentes protocolos de baropodometria dinâmica durante a marcha: um estudo preliminar. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/17018227042020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A identificação da pressão plantar durante a marcha é utilizada por clínicos e investigadores para verificar sobrecarga na estrutura podal. Neste particular, diferentes protocolos têm sido empregados para essa finalidade. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a reprodutibilidade e a concordância de protocolos abreviados de marcha para identificar a pressão plantar dinâmica em jovens assintomáticos. Quinze voluntários foram submetidos aos protocolos abreviados one-step e three-step e ao protocolo padrão midgait em três momentos: inicial, dia seguinte e após sete dias. Para cada uma das oito máscaras podais, foram consideradas as medidas de pico de pressão plantar e integral pressão/tempo. A reprodutibilidade foi analisada mediante Anova one-way e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, enquanto a concordância entre os protocolos foi verificada através de teste t pareado, correlação momento-produto de Pearson e plotagem de Bland-Altman. Os resultados apontaram que o protocolo three-step apresentou mais elevada reprodutibilidade em ambas as medidas de pressão plantar dinâmica. Quanto à concordância entre os protocolos, apesar de os abreviados demonstrarem tendência em subestimar as medidas produzidas pelo protocolo padrão midgait, na maioria das máscaras podais não foram identificadas diferenças estatísticas entre os escores médios. Ainda, por intermédio da técnica de Bland-Altman, constatou-se substancial capacidade de concordância entre as medidas identificadas pelos protocolos one-step, three-step e midgait. Concluindo, os protocolos abreviados devem ser selecionados de acordo com a medida de interesse da pressão plantar e a máscara podal a ser analisada, surgindo evidências de reprodutibilidade e concordância mais favoráveis para o uso do protocolo three-step.
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[Effects of knee pain on postural control excluding the musculature of the craniomandibular system]. DER ORTHOPADE 2020; 49:510-521. [PMID: 31720704 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-019-03831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee pain can influence postural control in addition to changes in the anatomical structure of the knee joints. OBJECTIVE Because the influence of imbalances in the craniomandibular system has been proven multiple times, it is the aim of the present work to investigate the influence of various knee diagnoses on postural control excluding occlusal information by means of symmetrical packing using cotton rolls. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fifteen patients (74 male/41 female) aged 18-75 years with an average BMI of 25.13 ± 3.66 kg/m2 took part in the study, among them 34 patients (26 male/8 female) with cruciate ligament injury, 26 (16 male/10 female) with meniscal lesions, 24 (13 male/11 female) with arthrosis, 21 (11 male/10 female) with patellar pain, and 10 (8 male/2 female) with other painful knee complaints. Postural control was increased using a force platform, the degree of severity of the disorder was recorded using the "Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome" questionnaire, and the occlusion packed on both sides with cotton rolls in the premolar area. RESULTS With increasing age, patients with knee arthrosis are more likely to stand on the hindfoot. In those with patellar disorder, increased weight-bearing on the forefoot correlates with increasing BMI. An increase in weight-bearing on the forefoot on the side of the uninjured knee in people with patellar disorder results not only in a reduction in quality of life but also level of daily activity. DISCUSSION The percentage weight-bearing on the zones of the feet differs in unilateral knee injuries (in particular, comparison of the side with the knee injury and the uninjured side). Age, BMI or gender are influencing factors. Because various correlations and/or effects in the subgroups of knee injuries are generated, an injury-specific analysis should be carried out. These effects are also identifiable in the subjective assessment of quality of life.
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Hébert-Losier K, Murray L. Reliability of centre of pressure, plantar pressure, and plantar-flexion isometric strength measures: A systematic review. Gait Posture 2020; 75:46-62. [PMID: 31593873 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centre of pressure (COP), plantar pressure (PP), and plantar-flexion isometric strength (PFisom) are often examined in relation to postural control and gait. RESEARCH QUESTION Our aim was to systematically review and quality appraise articles addressing the reliability of COP and PP measures in static stance and PFisom measures. METHODS Three electronic databases (SCOPUS®, SportDISCUS™, and PubMed) were searched and supplemented by a manual search. Peer-reviewed original research on the reliability of COP, PP, and PFisom in healthy adults (≥18 years) was included. Quality appraisal was done according to the updated COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments reliability checklist. Data regarding study characteristics, test protocols, outcome measures, and reliability metrics were extracted. RESULTS Forty articles met inclusion and were assessed for their methodological quality. Only four articles (10%) obtained uppermost quality scores. From the reviewed studies, the most reliable measures were: COP sway area and path length; PP mean pressure, percentage body weight distribution, and contact area; and PFisom peak torque and force. Although these measures generally exhibited good-to-excellent relative reliability based on correlation coefficients, absolute reliability based on typical errors were not always optimal (variation > 10%). Literature on PP reliability was scarce (n = 2). SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlight the need for better quality methodological reliability studies to be undertaken to make stronger inferences about the reliability of COP, PP, and PFisom measures. The most reliable measures based on the current review are: COP sway area and path length; PP mean pressure, percentage of body weight distribution, and contact area; and PFisom peak torque and peak force. These measures are the ones that should be selected preferentially in clinical settings, bearing in mind that their typical errors might be suboptimal despite exhibiting strong relative reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Hébert-Losier
- University of Waikato, Division of Health, Engineering, Computing and Science, School of Health, Adams Centre for High Performance, 52 Miro Street, Mount Maunganui, 3116, Tauranga, New Zealand.
| | - Lauralee Murray
- University of Waikato, Division of Health, Engineering, Computing and Science, School of Health, Adams Centre for High Performance, 52 Miro Street, Mount Maunganui, 3116, Tauranga, New Zealand.
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Kawai H, Taniguchi Y, Seino S, Sakurai R, Osuka Y, Obuchi S, Watanabe Y, Kim H, Inagaki H, Kitamura A, Awata S, Shinkai S. Reference values of gait parameters measured with a plantar pressure platform in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:1265-1276. [PMID: 31371932 PMCID: PMC6636431 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s213216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gait measures such as gait speed, stride length, step width, and stance duration change with advanced age and are associated with adverse health outcomes among older adults. The stride-to-stride variabilities of gait measures are also related to falls and cognitive decline in older adults; however, reference values of these gait parameters in older Japanese adults do not exist. This study aimed to determine the reference values of gait parameters as measured by a plantar pressure platform in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. Methods Community-dwelling adults (N=1,212) who were independent in basic activities of daily living and aged 70-96 years (491 men, 721 women) completed the gait performance measurement in a geriatric health assessment. We assessed 10 gait performance measures with a plantar pressure platform system (P-WALK, BTS Bioengineering) and calculated means and coefficient of variations (CVs) of the gait measures as well as quintiles for those gait parameters per age group among men and women. Results Mean (SDs) of gait speed, stride length, step width, and stance durations were 1.26 (0.24) meters per second (m/s), 121.9 (19.8) cm, 24.0 (3.2) cm, and 552.4 (60.4) milliseconds (ms), respectively, in men, and 1.27 (0.21) m/s, 115.7 (16.3) cm, 17.9 (2.8) cm, and 517.6 (59.8) ms, respectively, in women. Mean of CVs (SD) of stride length, step width, and single-stance duration were 2.76 (1.35), 12.06 (3.98), and 5.74 (2.66), respectively, in men and 2.69 (1.24), 15.65 (4.53), and 5.77 (2.40), respectively, in women. Gait parameters (except CVs of step width) declined significantly with age regardless of gender (P< 0.01 for trends). Conclusion This study determined age group dependent gait parameter reference values, presented as means with quintile ranges, in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. These reference values may be useful metrics for gait assessment in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Ryota Sakurai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yosuke Osuka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Ohlendorf D, Doerry C, Fisch V, Schamberger S, Erbe C, Wanke EM, Groneberg DA. Standard reference values of the postural control in healthy young female adults in Germany: an observational study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026833. [PMID: 31175196 PMCID: PMC6561414 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many people of all ages suffer from vertigo due to different reasons. The comparison of patient data with standard values can highlight deteriorations or changes in postural control and thus indicate, for example, an increased risk of falling. Our aim is to measure standard values for the postural control of young healthy women. DESIGN Observational study. SETTING Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main. PARTICIPANTS 106 healthy German female subjects aged between 21 and 30 years (25±2.7 years) were measured. Their average body mass index (BMI) was 21.1±2.61 kg/m². OUTCOME MEASURES A pressure measuring platform was used to measure the weight distribution and postural sway in habitual standing. Median, tolerance range and CI were calculated. RESULTS Height, weight and BMI are comparable to the average young German female population. The load distribution between right and left foot was 49.91%:50.09%. The forefoot was less loaded than the rear foot (33.3%:66.67%). The right rear foot carried most of the body weight (34.34%). The average body sway was 9.50 mm in the frontal and 13.00 mm in the sagittal plane. CONCLUSIONS Standard values for the postural control of the women aged 21-30 years correlate with the already collected data of healthy subjects and can therefore be described as representative. The standard values enable diagnosing and treating impaired balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Charlotte Doerry
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Vanessa Fisch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schamberger
- Department for Orthodontics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Christina Erbe
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eileen M Wanke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
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Murray L, Beaven CM, Hébert-Losier K. The effects of running a 12-km race on neuromuscular performance measures in recreationally competitive runners. Gait Posture 2019; 70:341-346. [PMID: 30952107 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of individuals participating in organised races is increasing, with few studies undertaken in ecologically-valid settings. Running involves cyclical movements and activation of lower-extremity muscles, with fatigue and foot-strike pattern proposed as factors contributing to running-related injuries. RESEARCH QUESTION Our aim was to investigate the effects of running a 12-km race on plantar pressure distribution, postural balance, foot-strike pattern, and plantar-flexion strength. A secondary aim was to compare actual versus anticipated race finishing times and foot-strike patterns. METHODS Twenty-four recreationally competitive runners (15 males, 9 females) completed the following tests immediately before and after a 12-km race: (1) plantar pressure distribution in self-selected bilateral stance; (2) 30-seconds eyes-closed feet-together postural balance; (3) running foot-strike angle; and (4) peak plantar-flexion isometric force. In-race foot-strike angle and patterns were also assessed at 3 and 10 km. RESULTS Post-race left and right foot plantar pressure distribution, postural balance, and plantar-flexion force measures significantly differed from pre-race measures. These changes were associated with small to large standardised effects (absolute ES: 0.42 to 0.94). On average, the relative pressure under the left foot decreased by 3.2 ± 5.0%; the centre of pressure path length and area of the 95th percentile ellipse from the balance test increased by 5.7 ± 8.9 cm and 18.2 ± 21.3 cm2; and peak plantar-flexion isometric force decreased by 0.23 ± 0.28 times body weight. Participants predicted their finishing times relatively well, but not their foot-strike patterns. No meaningful change in foot-strike angle or pattern was observed pre- to post-race, or between 3 and 10 km. SIGNIFICANCE Running a 12-km race influenced neuromuscular measures, confirming racing-induced fatigue in our recreationally competitive runners. However, these alterations did not lead to observable changes in foot-strike pattern, indicating that this measure might not be appropriate for quantifying fatigue in recreationally competitive runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauralee Murray
- University of Waikato, Faculty of Health, Sport and Human Performance, Adams Centre for High Performance, 52 Miro Street, Mount Maunganui, 3116, Tauranga, New Zealand.
| | - Christopher Martyn Beaven
- University of Waikato, Faculty of Health, Sport and Human Performance, Adams Centre for High Performance, 52 Miro Street, Mount Maunganui, 3116, Tauranga, New Zealand.
| | - Kim Hébert-Losier
- University of Waikato, Faculty of Health, Sport and Human Performance, Adams Centre for High Performance, 52 Miro Street, Mount Maunganui, 3116, Tauranga, New Zealand.
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Faramarzi B, Nguyen A, Dong F. Changes in hoof kinetics and kinematics at walk in response to hoof trimming: pressure plate assessment. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:557-562. [PMID: 29486539 PMCID: PMC6070594 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.4.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate hoof preparation and symmetry are linked to the well-being of the horse. Previous studies have shown the efficacy of pressure plates (PPs) in delivering objective biomechanical analysis. We aimed to assess the effect of hoof trimming on hoof biomechanics using a PP. Nine clinically sound Arabian horses were walked across a PP while foot strike was recorded by a digital camera. Kinetic and kinematic parameters were recorded before and after trimming. Changes were considered significant when p < 0.05. Vertical force (p = 0.026) and contact pressure (p = 0.006) increased after trimming. Stance-phase duration (p = 0.006), swing-phase duration (p = 0.023), and gait-cycle duration (p = 0.007) decreased significantly post-trimming. The observed changes in kinetic and kinematic parameters were related to hoof trimming. The reported results underline the importance of farriery practice and its effect on hoof biomechanics, which should be considered by both farriers and veterinarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Faramarzi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - An Nguyen
- College of Engineering and Computer Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Fanglong Dong
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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Alves R, Borel WP, Rossi BP, Vicente EJD, Chagas PSDC, Felício DC. Test-retest reliability of baropodometry in young asyntomatic individuals during semi static and dynamic analysis. FISIOTERAPIA EM MOVIMENTO 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-5918.031.ao14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Postural control is a multidimensional construct modulated by the integration of sensory information and muscular activity. One of the challenges in clinical practice and scientific research is the postural data collection of objective control data. Thus, baropodometry can be a promising instrument for analysis. Objective: To evaluate the absolute and relative reliability of baropodometry by means of test-retest in young asymptomatic subjects during semi-static and dynamic analysis. Methods: This is a methodological study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UFJF (1,803,411). Sample selection was performed by convenience. Healthy individuals aged 18 to 35 years were included in the study without gender restriction. Participants with pain or any clinical signs of overload which led to unfeasible collection were excluded from the analysis. The variables analyzed were contact surface, maximum and mean pressure, index bow, pressure center and pressure areas in the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot. Results: 33 individuals (total of 66 feet) participated in this study. The mean body mass of the participants was 63.0 ± 9.9kg, height of 163.4 ± 30.1cm, BMI of 23.7 ± 2.8 kg/m2. It was observed that five out of the eight variables evaluated in the semi-static analysis presented high reliability (≥ 0.70). On the other hand, the reproducibility of the measures in the dynamic analysis was low to moderate (≤ 0.69). Conclusion: Baropodometry findings should be interpreted with caution in clinical practice and in scientific research. It is suggested that complementary assessments be made for decision-making assistance.
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Xu C, Wen XX, Huang LY, Shang L, Cheng XX, Yan YB, Lei W. Normal foot loading parameters and repeatability of the Footscan® platform system. J Foot Ankle Res 2017; 10:30. [PMID: 28725271 PMCID: PMC5512844 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-017-0209-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Footscan® platform system is one of the most commonly used clinical tools for the measurement of the foot pressure. The present study was designed to assess the repeatability of the system and identify the range of loading parameters observed in the normal foot. Methods Measurements were collected from 32 healthy participants, 15 females and 17 males, twice at an interval of 1 week. Peak pressure (PP), contact time (CT), contact area (CA), pressure-time integral (PTI), and maximum force (MaF) were recorded; these parameters were investigated in 10 areas of the foot: medial heel, lateral heel, midfoot, first to fifth metatarsals, hallux, and toes 2–5. The intra-session repeatability was evaluated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CVs) across the three repeated trials within the same session. The inter-session repeatability was assessed using the average of the three trials in each session to determine the ICCs and CVs. Results The ICCs showed moderate to good repeatability for every variable of interest, and the CVs were all <28%. The highest zones of PP were found under the second and third metatarsals, followed by the medial heel. The CT was 68.5–82.8% of the total stance time under the metatarsal heads. CA was highest under the midfoot, PTI was highest under the second metatarsal, and MaF was highest under the medial heel. Conclusions Footscan® platform system was found to be repeatable. Thus, it can be used as a valuable tool in the assessment of plantar pressure distribution, and the normal values of the foot loading parameters identified in this study can be employed to provide a reference range for the gait analysis performed by the Footscan® system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Xin-Xin Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032 China.,Department of Orthopedics, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, 110042 China
| | - Lu-Yu Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Xi-Xia Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Ya-Bo Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032 China
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