Análisis histórico de la experiencia en cápsula endoscópica de intestino delgado en un hospital terciario español

Quest to optimise capsule endoscopy through observational analysis

OBJECTIVES

To search for parameters susceptible to optimization when performing capsule endoscopy (CE) in a third level hospital with high volume and experience in this test.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Retrospective observational study, including 1325 CEs performed between 2017 and 2022. Overall diagnostic yield, effective diagnostic yield, by indication, place of request and waiting list, as well as complete examination rate and cleansing degree were analyzed.

RESULTS

The overall diagnostic yield was 70.99%, while the effective diagnostic yield was 72.7%. Diagnostic yields varied between 60.2% and 77.9% depending on the indication and between 64.7% and 74.3% depending on the requesting center. The mean waiting list was 101.15 days, with a tendency to worse results when the waiting list was longer. A total of 77.8% of the examinations were complete. Completion rates were lower in patients >70 years of age (p=0.001), as well as in those with gastric transit >60minutes (p=0.000). A total of 77.3% were clean, with debris that did not impede diagnosis being found in 16.9% and debris that did impede diagnosis in 5.8%. There was a relationship, although not significant, between cleansing degree and age.

CONCLUSIONS

The diagnostic yields of CE in our center are in line with those previously reported. Differences were found according to the place of request. Waiting list could also influence diagnostic yield. Completion rates are lower in >70 years of age and when gastric transit is >60minutes. Cleansing degree achieved is acceptable.

Crohn's Disease Only Visible on Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy: A New Entity

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

In rare cases, the diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) can only be achieved using small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). We investigate the characteristics of patients with CD only visible on SBCE and assess their disease course.

METHODS

Data of all adult patients with confirmed CD diagnosis based on SBCE with normal endoscopic and cross-sectional imaging findings were retrospectively collected in three tertiary-level hospitals from January 2014 to March 2020.

RESULTS

Thirteen patients were included. Ten patients were females, and the mean age at diagnosis was 36 years. Ileum was mostly involved (85%), while duodenum and jejunum were affected in 23% and 38% of the cases, respectively. Nine patients had one segment involved, while four subjects had two or three segments affected. All patients had inflammatory behavior. First treatment consisted of steroids in all cases, and six patients were later treated with immunosuppressant or biologics. After a mean follow-up of 27.5 months, no change in disease behavior, hospitalization, or CD-related surgery was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

CD only visible at SBCE is a rare condition with a more favorable disease course compared to general CD with a lower rate of complicated behavior, hospitalization, and surgery, despite a similar use of immunosuppressant or biologics.

Development and validation of a scoring index to predict the presence of lesions in capsule endoscopy in patients with suspected Crohn's disease of the small bowel: a Spanish multicenter study

BACKGROUND

Capsule endoscopy (CE) is the first-line investigation in cases of suspected Crohn's disease (CD) of the small bowel, but the factors associated with a higher diagnostic yield remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim is to develop and validate a scoring index to assess the risk of the patients in this setting on the basis of biomarkers.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Data on fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, and other biomarkers from a population of 124 patients with suspected CD of the small bowel studied by CE and included in a PhD study were used to build a scoring index. This was first used on this population (internal validation process) and after that on a different set of patients from a multicenter study (external validation process).

RESULTS

An index was designed in which every biomarker is assigned a score. Three risk groups have been established (low, intermediate, and high). In the internal validation analysis (124 individuals), patients had a 10, 46.5, and 81% probability of showing inflammatory lesions in CE in the low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups, respectively. In the external validation analysis, including 410 patients from 12 Spanish hospitals, this probability was 15.8, 49.7, and 80.6% for the low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Results from the internal validation process show that the scoring index is coherent, and results from the external validation process confirm its reliability. This index can be a useful tool for selecting patients before CE studies in cases of suspected CD of the small bowel.