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Korec E, Ungrová L, Hejnar J, Grieblová A, Zelená K. Three new genes associated with longevity in the European Bison. Vet Anim Sci 2022; 17:100266. [PMID: 35957660 PMCID: PMC9361326 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2022.100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Evžen Korec
- Zoologická zahrada Tábor a.s., Dukelských Hrdinů 19, 170 00, Prague 7, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author.
| | - Lenka Ungrová
- Zoologická zahrada Tábor a.s., Dukelských Hrdinů 19, 170 00, Prague 7, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Hejnar
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Grieblová
- Zoologická zahrada Tábor a.s., Dukelských Hrdinů 19, 170 00, Prague 7, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Zelená
- Zoologická zahrada Tábor a.s., Dukelských Hrdinů 19, 170 00, Prague 7, Czech Republic
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2
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Yang J, Xiu J, Sun Y, Liu F, Shang X, Li G. Three novel mutations of the BCKDHA, BCKDHB and DBT genes in Chinese children with maple syrup urine disease. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:303-312. [PMID: 34883003 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare metabolic autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. Mutations in the BCKDHA, BCKDHB and DBT genes are responsible for MSUD. This study presents the clinical and molecular characterizations of four MSUD patients. METHODS Clinical data of patients were retrospectively analyzed, and genetic mutations were identified by whole-exome sequencing. CLUSTALX was employed to analyzed cross-species conservation of the mutant amino acid. The impact of the mutations was analyzed with PolyPhen-2 software. The I-TASSER website and PyMOL software were used to predict the protein three-position structure of the novel mutations carried by the patients. RESULTS Vomiting, irritability, feeding difficulties, seizures, dyspnoea, lethargy and coma were the main clinical presentations of MSUD. Cranial MRI showed abnormal symmetrical signals in accordance with the presentation of inherited metabolic encephalopathy. Seven mutations were detected in four patients, including three novel pathogenic mutations in the BCKDHA (c.656C>A), BCKDHB (deletion of a single-copy of BCKDHB) and DBT (c.1219dup) genes. Structural changes were compatible with the observed phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Different types of MSUD can display heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Exhaustive molecular studies are necessary for a proper differential diagnosis. The newly identified mutation will play a key role in the prenatal diagnosis of MSUD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Yang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianjun Xiu
- Radiology Department, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Shang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guimei Li
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Margutti AVB, Silva WA, Garcia DF, de Molfetta GA, Marques AA, Amorim T, Prazeres VMG, Boy da Silva RT, Miura IK, Seda Neto J, Santos EDS, Santos MLSF, Lourenço CM, Tonon T, Sperb-Ludwig F, de Souza CFM, Schwartz IVD, Camelo JS. Maple syrup urine disease in Brazilian patients: variants and clinical phenotype heterogeneity. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:309. [PMID: 33131499 PMCID: PMC7603684 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disease caused by deficient activity of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD) enzymatic complex. BCKD is a mitochondrial complex encoded by BCKDHA, BCKDHB, DBT, and DLD genes. MSUD is predominantly caused by Variants in BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT genes encoding the E1α, E1β, and E2 subunits of BCKD complex, respectively. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic basis of MSUD by identifying the point variants in BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT genes in a cohort of Brazilian MSUD patients and to describe their phenotypic heterogeneity. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study with 21 MSUD patients involving molecular genotyping by Sanger sequencing. Results Eight new variants predicted as pathogenic were found between 30 variants (damaging and non-damaging) identified in the 21 patients analyzed: one in the BCKDHA gene (p.Tyr120Ter); five in the BCKDHB gene (p.Gly131Val, p.Glu146Glnfs * 13, p.Phe149Cysfs * 9, p.Cys207Phe, and p.Lys211Asn); and two in the DBT gene (p.Glu148Ter and p.Glu417Val). Seventeen pathogenic variants were previously described and five variants showed no pathogenicity according to in silico analysis.
Conclusion Given that most of the patients received late diagnoses, the study results do not allow us to state that the molecular features of MSUD variant phenotypes are predictive of clinical severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vitoria Barban Margutti
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Bandeirantes Av., 3900 - HC Criança - off D506, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Wilson Araújo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell, and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Center for Medical Genomics at Clinics Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fantozzi Garcia
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell, and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Greice Andreotti de Molfetta
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell, and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Center for Medical Genomics at Clinics Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Aparecida Marques
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell, and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Amorim
- Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais of Salvador, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, Bahia State University, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Tavares Boy da Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Sciences School, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tássia Tonon
- Posgraduate Programme in Medicine - Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sperb-Ludwig
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,BRAIN Laboratory (Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences), Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Fischinger Moura de Souza
- Medical Genetics Service, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ida Vanessa Döederlein Schwartz
- Medical Genetics Service, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José Simon Camelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Bandeirantes Av., 3900 - HC Criança - off D506, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
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Stergachis AB, Mogensen KM, Khoury CC, Lin AP, Peake RW, Baker JJ, Barkoudah E, Sahai I, Sweetser DA, Berry GT, Krier JB. A retrospective study of adult patients with noncirrhotic hyperammonemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:1165-1172. [PMID: 32713002 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adult-onset noncirrhotic hyperammonemia (NCH) is poorly understood and has a high morbidity and mortality. To elucidate the etiology and management of NCH, we performed a retrospective analysis of 23 adults (median age 51) with NCH treated between 2014 and 2020 at two academic medical centers. Hyperammonemia was diagnosed in all cases during the evaluation of altered mental status, with 22% presenting with seizures. Peak ammonia levels were >200 μmol/L in 70% of cases. Defects in ammonia metabolism were assessed using urea cycle biochemical testing, germline genetic testing, and testing for urease-producing infectious agents. Ammonia metabolism defects in these cases appear attributable to four major sources: (a) infection with urease-producing organism (n = 5); (b) previously undiagnosed inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) (n = 4); (c) clinical exposures causing acquired urea cycle dysfunction (n = 6); and (d) unexplained acquired urea cycle dysfunction (uaUCD) (n = 8), as evidenced by biochemical signatures of urea cycle dysfunction without a genetic or clinical exposure. Severe protein malnutrition appeared to be a reversible risk factor for uaUCD. Overall, 13% of our cohort died prior to resolution of hyperammonemia, 26% died after hyperammonemia resolution, 57% survived after having reversible neurological changes, and 4% survived with irreversible neurological changes. Renal replacement therapy for ammonia clearance was often utilized for patients with an ammonia level above 250 μmol/L and patients were frequently empirically treated with antibiotics targeting urea-splitting organisms. Our study demonstrates that acquired urea cycle dysfunction, IEMs and urease-producing infections are major sources of adult-onset NCH and highlights successful management strategies for adult-onset NCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Stergachis
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kris M Mogensen
- Department of Nutrition, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charbel C Khoury
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander P Lin
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roy Wa Peake
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua J Baker
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ebrahim Barkoudah
- Hospital Medicine Unit, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Inderneel Sahai
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Sweetser
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerard T Berry
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel B Krier
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Biswas D, Duffley L, Pulinilkunnil T. Role of branched‐chain amino acid–catabolizing enzymes in intertissue signaling, metabolic remodeling, and energy homeostasis. FASEB J 2019; 33:8711-8731. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802842rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipsikha Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick Dalhousie University Saint John New Brunswick Canada
| | - Luke Duffley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick Dalhousie University Saint John New Brunswick Canada
| | - Thomas Pulinilkunnil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick Dalhousie University Saint John New Brunswick Canada
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6
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Liu YD, Chu X, Liu RH, Sun Y, Kong QX, Li QB. Paroxysmal spasticity of lower extremities as the initial symptom in two siblings with maple syrup urine disease. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4872-4880. [PMID: 30957186 PMCID: PMC6522870 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in genes that encode subunits of the branched‑chain α‑ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex. Impairment of the BCKD complex results in an abnormal accumulation of branched‑chain amino acids and their corresponding branched‑chain keto acids in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, which are neurovirulent and may become life‑threatening. An 11‑day‑old boy was admitted to the hospital with paroxysmal spasticity of lower extremities. Of note, his 10‑year‑old sister presented similar symptoms during the neonatal period, and her condition was diagnosed as MSUD when she was 1.5 years old. Genetic screening was performed, and the boy and his sister exhibited two novel compound heterozygous mutations in the branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 subunit β (BCKDHB) gene: A substitution from guanine to adenine in the coding region at position 1,076 (c.1,076G>A) in exon 10 and a deletion of a thymine at position 705 (c.705delT) in exon 6. The missense mutation c.1076G>A results in an amino acid substitution from arginine to lysine at position 359 (p.Arg359Lys), whereas the mutation c.705delT results in the replacement of a cysteine at position 235 with a stop codon (p.Cys235Ter). Neither of the BCKDHB alleles in the compound heterozygote patients is able to generate normal E1β subunits, resulting in a possible impairment of the activity of the BCKD complex. In the present study, it was hypothesized that the two novel heterozygous mutations in the BCKDHB gene found in the Chinese family may be responsible for the phenotype of the two siblings with MSUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Dan Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xu Chu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Xia Kong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Bo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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7
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Li W, Meng X, Wang W, Lv J, Sun Y, Lv Y, Wang C, Wang H, Wang M, Song D. Silico analysis of a novel mutation c.550delT in a Chinese patient with maple syrup urine disease. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:1989-1993. [PMID: 30349713 PMCID: PMC6186878 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Twelve days after birth, the child was admitted to hospital because of "poor response, lethargy, and poor appetite for 6 days" and developed into coma immediately. The ventilator is required. The urine had significant maple syrup odor. After different diagnosis, she was diagnosed with classical maple syrup urine disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Xianze Meng
- People's Liberation Army No 401 HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Jinfeng Lv
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Yingmei Sun
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Yanan Lv
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Caijuan Wang
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Hongqin Wang
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Mei Wang
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Dongpo Song
- Neonatal Screening LabQingdao Women and Children HospitalQingdaoShandongChina
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8
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Li X, Yang Y, Gao Q, Gao M, Lv Y, Dong R, Liu Y, Zhang K, Gai Z. Clinical characteristics and mutation analysis of five Chinese patients with maple syrup urine disease. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:741-751. [PMID: 29307017 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) metabolism and caused by a defect in the thiamine-dependent enzyme branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) with subsequent accumulation of BCAAs and corresponding branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) metabolites. Presently, at least 4 genes of BCKDHA, BCKDHB, DLD and DBT have been reported to cause MSUD. Furthermore, more than 265 mutations have been identified as the cause across different populations worldwide. Some studies have reported the data of gene mutations in Chinese people with MSUD. In this study, we present clinical characteristics and mutational analyses in five Chinese Han child with MSUD, which had been screened out by tandem mass spectrometry detection of amino acids in blood samples. High-throughput sequencing, Sanger sequence and real-time qualitative PCR were performed to detect and verify the genetic mutations. Six different novel genetic variants were validated in BCKDHB gene and BCKDHA gene, including c.523 T > C, c.659delA, c.550delT, c.863G > A and two gross deletions. Interestingly, 3 cases had identical mutation of BCKDHB gene (c.659delA). We predicted the pathogenicity and analyzed the clinical characteristics. The identification of these mutations in this study further expands the mutation spectrum of MSUD and contributes to prenatal molecular diagnosis of MSUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Li
- Department of Neonatology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Genetics, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Min Gao
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, 23976 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Yvqiang Lv
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, 23976 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, 23976 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, 23976 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Kaihui Zhang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, 23976 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China.
| | - Zhongtao Gai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, 23976 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China.
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9
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Su L, Lu Z, Li F, Shao Y, Sheng H, Cai Y, Liu L. Two homozygous mutations in the exon 5 of BCKDHB gene that may cause the classic form of maple syrup urine disease. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:765-772. [PMID: 28197878 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-9959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by defects in the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Classic form of MSUD (CMSUD) is caused by mutations in BCKDHA, BCKDHB, DBT genes mostly. In this study, we analyzed the clinical and genetic characteristics of two patients with CMSUD. Two homozygous mutations, c.517G > T (p.Asp173Tyr) and c.503G > A (p.Arg168His), both in the exon 5 of BCKDHB were detected respectively. The novel mutation p.Asp173Tyr of patient A, inherited from his parents, is predicted to affect conformation of protein by computer analysis. The reported mutation p.Arg168His observed in patient B seemed to occur in a maternal uniparental disomy inheritance manner. Review of related literature revealed that most missense mutations in exon 5 of BCKDHB in homozygous genotype often result in CMSUD because of its incorrect conformation, and exon 5 of BCKDHB might be a susceptible region. Thus the novel homozygous mutation p.Asp173Tyr and the founder homozygous mutation p.Arg168His may be responsible for the clinical presentation of the two CMSUD patients, facilitating the future genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Su
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510623, China
| | - Zhikun Lu
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510623, China
| | - Fatao Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yongxian Shao
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510623, China
| | - Huiying Sheng
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510623, China
| | - Yanna Cai
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510623, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510623, China.
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10
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Alu-miRNA interactions modulate transcript isoform diversity in stress response and reveal signatures of positive selection. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32348. [PMID: 27586304 PMCID: PMC5009348 DOI: 10.1038/srep32348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primate-specific Alus harbor different regulatory features, including miRNA targets. In this study, we provide evidence for miRNA-mediated modulation of transcript isoform levels during heat-shock response through exaptation of Alu-miRNA sites in mature mRNA. We performed genome-wide expression profiling coupled with functional validation of miRNA target sites within exonized Alus, and analyzed conservation of these targets across primates. We observed that two miRNAs (miR-15a-3p and miR-302d-3p) elevated in stress response, target RAD1, GTSE1, NR2C1, FKBP9 and UBE2I exclusively within Alu. These genes map onto the p53 regulatory network. Ectopic overexpression of miR-15a-3p downregulates GTSE1 and RAD1 at the protein level and enhances cell survival. This Alu-mediated fine-tuning seems to be unique to humans as evident from the absence of orthologous sites in other primate lineages. We further analyzed signatures of selection on Alu-miRNA targets in the genome, using 1000 Genomes Phase-I data. We found that 198 out of 3177 Alu-exonized genes exhibit signatures of selection within Alu-miRNA sites, with 60 of them containing SNPs supported by multiple evidences (global-FST > 0.3, pair-wise-FST > 0.5, Fay-Wu’s H < −20, iHS > 2.0, high ΔDAF) and implicated in p53 network. We propose that by affecting multiple genes, Alu-miRNA interactions have the potential to facilitate population-level adaptations in response to environmental challenges.
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11
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Guo Y, Liming L, Jiang L. Two novel compound heterozygous mutations in the BCKDHB gene that cause the intermittent form of maple syrup urine disease. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:1395-400. [PMID: 26239723 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-015-9711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intermittent maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a potentially life-threatening metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex. In contrast to classic MSUD, children with the intermittent form usually have an atypical clinical manifestation. Here, we describe the presenting symptoms and clinical course of a Chinese boy with intermittent MSUD. Mutation analysis identified two previously unreported mutations in exon 7 of the BCKDHB gene: c.767A > G (p.Y256C) and c.768C > G (p.Y256X); the parents were each heterozygous for one of these mutations. In silico analysis predicted Y256C probably affects protein structure; Y256X leads to a premature stop codon. This case demonstrates intermittent MSUD should be suspected in cases with symptoms of recurrent encephalopathy, especially ataxia or marked drowsiness, which usually present after the neonatal period and in conjunction with infection. symmetrical basal ganglia damage but normal myelination in the posterior limb will assist differential diagnosis; alloisoleucine is a useful diagnostic marker and mutation analysis may be of prognostic value. These novel mutations Y256C and Y256X result in the clinical manifestation of a variant form of MSUD, expanding the mutation spectrum of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400014.
| | - Liu Liming
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 400014.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.
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Couce ML, Ramos F, Bueno MA, Díaz J, Meavilla S, Bóveda MD, Fernández-Marmiesse A, García-Cazorla A. Evolution of maple syrup urine disease in patients diagnosed by newborn screening versus late diagnosis. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2015; 19:652-9. [PMID: 26232051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare metabolic disorder for which the newborn screening (NBS) is possible but it has not been yet implemented for most Spanish regions. In the present study, we assess the clinical features and outcome of 14 MSUD Spanish patients with similar treatment protocol diagnosed either by NBS or by clinical symptoms. Eight patients were detected by NBS, four classic and four moderate MSUD. The average age at detection was 4.6 days, the mean plasmatic concentration of leucine at diagnosis was 1807 μM; the average number of days with leucine >1000 μM was 0.7 (0-4) and the mean number of total hospitalizations was 1.6 (0-5). Mean follow-up time was 70 months. They had good evolution: all remain asymptomatic, but 2 patients have attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Six patients with late diagnosis of classic MSUD were followed during 41 months. All presented with acute encephalopathy during the first month of life, mean leucine levels of 2355 μM, mean number of days with leucine >1000 μM of 6.6 (1-13) and mean number of total hospitalizations of 5.3 (4-7). Only two patients have a psychomotor development index in the lower limit (80 and 83). For all patients a good genotype-phenotype correlation was found and four novel mutations were identified: p.A311H, p.T84S, p.T397L, pL398P. Our study support that NBS improves prognosis of MSUD patients. But early diagnosis and an aggressive treatment together with a close monitoring of leucine levels improve neurological evolution in MSUD patients, even for those not detected by NBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Couce
- Metabolic Unit, Servei of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, IDIS, CIBERER, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - F Ramos
- Department of Neurology, Neurometabolic Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBERER, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Bueno
- Metabolic and Dismorphology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Díaz
- Gastroenterolgy, Nutrition and Metabolic Unit, Hospital Central de Asturias, Spain
| | - S Meavilla
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Metabolic Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M D Bóveda
- Metabolic Unit, Servei of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, IDIS, CIBERER, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Fernández-Marmiesse
- Metabolic Unit, Servei of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, IDIS, CIBERER, ISCIII, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A García-Cazorla
- Department of Neurology, Neurometabolic Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBERER, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Migraine has been defined as a common disabling primary headache disorder. Epidemiology studies have provided with the undeniable evidence of genetic components as active players in the development of the disease under a polygenic model in which multiple risk alleles exert modest individual effects. Our objective was to test the contribution of a polygenic effect to migraine risk in the Norfolk Island population using a panel of SNPs reported to be disease associated in published migraine GWAS. We also investigated whether individual SNPs were associated with gene expression levels measured in whole blood. Polygenic scores were calculated in a total of 285 related individuals (74 cases, 211 controls) from the Norfolk Island using 51 SNPs previously reported to be associated with migraine in published GWAS. The association between polygenic score and migraine case-control status was tested using logistic regression. Results indicate that a migraine polygenic risk score was associated with migraine case-control status in this population (P = 0.016). This supports the hypothesis that multiple SNPs with weak effects collectively contribute to migraine risk in this population. Amongst the SNPs included in the polygenic model, four were associated with the expression of the USMG5 gene, including rs171251 (P = 0.012). Results from this study provide evidence for a polygenic contribution to migraine risk in an isolated population and highlight specific SNPs that regulate the expression of USMG5, a gene critical for mitochondrial function.
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Yang N, Han L, Gu X, Ye J, Qiu W, Zhang H, Gong Z, Zhang Y. Analysis of gene mutations in Chinese patients with maple syrup urine disease. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 106:412-8. [PMID: 22727569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is predominantly caused by mutations in the BCKDHA, BCKDHB and DBT genes, which encode for the E1α, E1β and E2 subunits of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, respectively. The aim of this study was to screen DNA samples from 16 Chinese MSUD patients and assess a potential correlation between genotype and phenotype. METHODS BCKDHA, BCKDHB and DBT genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. Segments bearing novel mutations were identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. RESULTS Within the variant alleles, 28 mutations (28/32, 87.5%), were detected in 15 patients, while one patient displayed no mutations. Mutations were comprised of 20 different: 6 BCKDHA gene mutations in 4 cases, 10 BCKDHB gene mutations in 8 cases and 4 DBT gene mutations in 3 cases. From these, 14 were novel, which included 3 mutations in the BCKDHA gene, 7 in the BCKDHB gene and 4 in the DBT gene. Only two patients with mutations in the BCKDHB and DBT genes were thiamine-responsive and presented a better clinical outcome. CONCLUSION We identified 20 different mutations within the BCKDHA, BCKDHB and DBT genes among 16 Chinese MSUD patients, including 14 novel mutations. The majority were non-responsive to thiamine, associating with a worse clinical outcome. Our data provide the basis for further genotype-phenotype correlation studies in these patients, which will be beneficial for early diagnosis and in directing the approach to clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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