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Canales CSC, Pavan AR, Dos Santos JL, Pavan FR. In silico drug design strategies for discovering novel tuberculosis therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024; 19:471-491. [PMID: 38374606 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2024.2319042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis remains a significant concern in global public health due to its intricate biology and propensity for developing antibiotic resistance. Discovering new drugs is a protracted and expensive endeavor, often spanning over a decade and incurring costs in the billions. However, computer-aided drug design (CADD) has surfaced as a nimbler and more cost-effective alternative. CADD tools enable us to decipher the interactions between therapeutic targets and novel drugs, making them invaluable in the quest for new tuberculosis treatments. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors explore recent advancements in tuberculosis drug discovery enabled by in silico tools. The main objectives of this review article are to highlight emerging drug candidates identified through in silico methods and to provide an update on the therapeutic targets associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. EXPERT OPINION These in silico methods have not only streamlined the drug discovery process but also opened up new horizons for finding novel drug candidates and repositioning existing ones. The continued advancements in these fields hold great promise for more efficient, ethical, and successful drug development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S Carnero Canales
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- School of Pharmacy, biochemistry and biotechnology, Santa Maria Catholic University, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Aline Renata Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Farhat N, Khan AU. Inhibitors against New Delhi metallo-betalactamase-1 (NDM-1) and its variants endemic in Indian settings along with the laboratory functional gain mutant of NDM-1. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024:10.1007/s10096-024-04761-7. [PMID: 38278986 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The emergence of NDM-1 producing bacteria has become common in both hospital and community settings, but no inhibitor has yet been available for clinical treatment. Hence, demanding the urgent need of NDM-1 inhibitors, we initiated to screen broad spectrum inhibitors against NDM natural variants and laboratory mutant. METHODS We used docking and molecular dynamics simulations, in silico pharmacokinetic investigations, and density functional theory calculation to characterize molecules. Furthermore, an in vitro study, including MIC, kinetics, and fluorescence study were carried out to confirm the efficacies of the selected compounds. RESULTS According to the findings of the computational studies, three compounds were effective against NDM variants. Fourfold reduction in MIC of imipenem and meropenem was observed when combined with inhibitors (D2573, D2148, and D63) against blaNDM-1, blaNDM-4, blaNDM-6, and blaNDM-1Q123A, while twofold reduction in MIC of imipenem and meropenem was observed against blaNDM-5 and blaNDM-7. Similarly in the presence of inhibitors (D2573, D2148, and D63) the efficiency of nitrocefin hydrolysis by NDM-4, NDM-6, and Q123A decreases to much more extent as compared to NDM-5 and NDM-7. These results showed that the efficacy of these broad spectrum inhibitors decreases with increasing resistance of NDM variants. CONCLUSION This is the first time inhibitors were tested against different NDM natural variants which are endemic in Indian settings. Moreover, a functional gain laboratory mutant was also checked for their efficacies. We may propose these molecules for the pre-clinical trial to further translate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeela Farhat
- Medical Microbiology Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Medical Microbiology Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Primo LMDG, Roque-Borda CA, Carnero Canales CS, Caruso IP, de Lourenço IO, Colturato VMM, Sábio RM, de Melo FA, Vicente EF, Chorilli M, da Silva Barud H, Barbugli PA, Franzyk H, Hansen PR, Pavan FR. Antimicrobial peptides grafted onto the surface of N-acetylcysteine-chitosan nanoparticles can revitalize drugs against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121449. [PMID: 37940311 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases in the World. The search for new antituberculosis drugs is a high priority, since several drug-resistant TB-strains have emerged. Many nanotechnology strategies are being explored to repurpose or revive drugs. An interesting approach is to graft antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles. The objective of the present work was to determine the anti-MTB activity of rifampicin-loaded N-acetylcysteine-chitosan-based nanoparticles (NPs), conjugated with the AMP Ctx(Ile21)-Ha; against clinical isolates (multi- and extensively-drug resistant) and the H37Rv strain. The modified chitosan and drug-loaded NPs were characterized with respect to their physicochemical stability and their antimycobacterial profile, which showed potent inhibition (MIC values <0.977 μg/mL) by the latter. Furthermore, their accumulation within macrophages and cytotoxicity were determined. To understand the possible mechanisms of action, an in silico study of the peptide against MTB membrane receptors was performed. The results presented herein demonstrate that antibiotic-loaded NPs grafted with an AMP can be a powerful tool for revitalizing drugs against multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains, by launching multiple attacks against MTB. This approach could potentially serve as a novel treatment strategy for various long-term diseases requiring extended treatment periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maria Duran Gleriani Primo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Augusto Roque-Borda
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Shleider Carnero Canales
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas bioquímicas y biotecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Icaro Putinhon Caruso
- Department of Physics - Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Ottenio de Lourenço
- Department of Physics - Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitória Maria Medalha Colturato
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, University of Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Miguel Sábio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Drug and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Alves de Melo
- Department of Physics - Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Festozo Vicente
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Drug and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernane da Silva Barud
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, University of Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Robert Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Krishnan A, Khan FI, Sukumar S, Khan MKA. Identification of potential molecular targets and repurposed drugs for tuberculosis using network-based screening approach, molecular docking, and simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37948198 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2279699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The spread of drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis has hampered efforts to control the disease worldwide. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall envelope is dynamic, with complex features that protect it from the host immunological response. As a result, the bacterial cell wall components represent a potential target for drug discovery. Protein-protein interaction networks (PPIN) are critical for understanding disease conditions and identifying precise therapeutic targets. We used a rational theoretical approach by constructing a PPIN with the proteins involved in cell wall biosynthesis. The PPIN was constructed through the STRING database and embB was identified as a key protein by using four topological measures, betweenness, closeness, degree, and eigenvector, in the CytoNCA tool in Cytoscape. The 'Drug repurposing' approach was employed to find suitable inhibitors against embB. We used the Schrödinger suites for molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and binding free energy calculations to validate the binding of protein with the ligand. FDA-approved drugs from the ZINC database and DrugBank were screened against embB (PDB ID: 7BVF) using high-throughput virtual screening, standard precision, and extra precision docking. The drugs were screened based on the XP docking score of the standard drug ethambutol. Accordingly, from the top five hits, azilsartan and dihydroergotamine were selected based on the binding free energy values and were further subjected to Molecular Dynamics Simulation studies for 100 ns. Our study confirms that Azilsartan and Dihydroergotamine form stable complexes with embB and can be used as potential lead molecules based on further in vitro and in vivo experimental validation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunika Krishnan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Faez Iqbal Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sudarkodi Sukumar
- Lakshmikumaran and Sridharan Attorneys, Wallace Garden, Nungambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Md Khurshid Alam Khan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
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Farhat N, Khan AU. Repurposing FDA approved drug molecules against A B C classes of β-lactamases: a computational biology and molecular dynamics simulations study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37909541 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2276890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
β-lactamase are the main resistance factor for β-lactam antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria. Since β-lactam antibiotics are being utilised as an antimicrobial agents extensively for the past 70 years, a large number of β-lactam-inactivating β-lactamases have been produced by bacteria. Here, we employed a structure-based drug discovery approach to identify and assess the efficacy of a potential medication that might block the β-lactamases which hydrolyse antibiotics. The FDA-approved medications were subjected to virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, density functional theory, and covalent docking against the β-lactamases. We identified diosmin, hidrosmin, monoxuritin and solasulfone as β-lactamase inhibitors which are authorised for therapeutic use in humans. These medications interact in a remarkable variety of non-covalent ways with the conserved residues in the substrate-binding pocket of the β-lactamases. Diosmin has been identified as an inhibitor that binds covalently to the NDM-1 a class B metallo-betalactamase. After experimental validation and clinical demonstration, this study offers adequate evidence for the therapeutic use of these drugs for controlling multidrug resistance.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeela Farhat
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Lab. Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Lab. Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Sharma M, Farhat N, Khan AU, Khan FH, Mahmood R. Studies on the interaction of 2,4-dibromophenol with human hemoglobin using multi-spectroscopic, molecular docking and molecular dynamics techniques. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37811549 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2264975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dibromophenol (DBP) has several industrial applications, including as a wood preservative and flame retardant. This study investigated the interaction between DBP and human hemoglobin (Hb) using spectroscopic, molecular docking and molecular dynamic techniques. The UV-visible spectra showed ground-state complex formation between DBP and Hb. Fluorescence studies revealed that DBP binding caused significant quenching of Hb fluorescence by the static quenching mechanism. The binding of DBP to Hb is a spontaneous process that involves van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds. There is one DBP binding site on each Hb molecule that is located at the α1β2 interface of Hb. DBP binding did not alter the microenvironment of tyrosine and tryptophan residues in Hb. Circular dichroism studies revealed that DBP increased the α-helical content of Hb. The intrinsic esterase activity of Hb was inhibited by DBP in a concentration-dependent manner. Molecular docking showed that DBP binds to Hb via hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic, van der Waals and π - π interactions. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed that the Hb-DBP complex is stable. Overall, the results of this study clearly show that DBP induces structural changes and interferes with the function of Hb. This can have important implications for human health.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nabeela Farhat
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Fahim Halim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yang J, Zhang L, Qiao W, Luo Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e353. [PMID: 37674971 PMCID: PMC10477518 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern in the 21st century, especially due to drug resistance, coinfection with diseases like immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and coronavirus disease 2019, and the lengthy and costly treatment protocols. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of TB infection, therapeutic targets, and corresponding modulators, including first-line medications, current clinical trial drugs and molecules in preclinical assessment. Understanding the mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and important biological targets can lead to innovative treatments. While most antitubercular agents target pathogen-related processes, host-directed therapy (HDT) modalities addressing immune defense, survival mechanisms, and immunopathology also hold promise. Mtb's adaptation to the human host involves manipulating host cellular mechanisms, and HDT aims to disrupt this manipulation to enhance treatment effectiveness. Our review provides valuable insights for future anti-TB drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Yang
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Laiying Zhang
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wenliang Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Lung Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Youfu Luo
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Bhardwaj T, Ahmad I, Somvanshi P. Systematic analysis to identify novel disease indications and plausible potential chemical leads of glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1, GRIN1. J Mol Recognit 2023; 36:e2997. [PMID: 36259267 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental illness affecting the normal lifestyle of adults and early adolescents incurring major symptoms as jumbled speech, involvement in everyday activities eventually got reduced, patients always struggle with attention and memory, reason being both the genetic and environmental factors responsible for altered brain chemistry and structure, resulting in schizophrenia and associated orphan diseases. The network biology describes the interactions among genes/proteins encoding molecular mechanisms of biological processes, development, and diseases. Besides, all the molecular networks, protein-protein Interaction Networks have been significant in distinguishing the pathogenesis of diseases and thereby drug discovery. The present meta-analysis prioritizes novel disease indications viz. rare and orphan diseases associated with target Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor NMDA Type Subunit 1, GRIN1 using text mining knowledge-based tools. Furthermore, ZINC database was virtually screened, and binding conformation of selected compounds was performed and resulted in the identification of Narciclasine (ZINC04097652) and Alvespimycin (ZINC73138787) as potential inhibitors. Furthermore, docked complexes were subjected to MD simulation studies which suggests that the identified leads could be a better potential drug to recuperate schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulika Bhardwaj
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences (SC&IS), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,Special Centre of Systems Medicine (SCSM), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Xu X, Dong B, Peng L, Gao C, He Z, Wang C, Zeng J. Anti-tuberculosis drug development via targeting the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1056608. [PMID: 36620019 PMCID: PMC9810820 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis possesses a dynamic cell envelope, which consists of a peptidoglycan layer, a mycolic acid layer, and an arabinogalactan polysaccharide. This envelope possesses a highly complex and unique structure representing a barrier that protects and assists the growth of M. tuberculosis and allows its adaptation to the host. It regulates the immune response of the host cells, causing their damage. Therefore, the cell envelope of M. tuberculosis is an attractive target for vaccine and drug development. The emergence of multidrug-resistant as well as extensively drug resistant tuberculosis and co-infection with HIV prevented an effective control of this disease. Thus, the discovery and development of new drugs is a major keystone for TB treatment and control. This review mainly summarizes the development of drug enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the cell wall in M. tuberculosis, and other potential drug targets in this pathway, to provide more effective strategies for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Xu
- West China-PUMC CC Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baoyu Dong
- West China-PUMC CC Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Peng
- West China-PUMC CC Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqun He
- West China-PUMC CC Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- West China-PUMC CC Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jumei Zeng
- West China-PUMC CC Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors against Class A, B, and C Type β-Lactamases to Block the Hydrolysis against Antibiotics: Kinetics and Structural Characterization. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0045022. [PMID: 36069578 PMCID: PMC9603770 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00450-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistance has led to a global crisis for the physician to handle infection control issues. All antibiotics, including colistin, have lost efficiency against emerging drug-resistant bacterial strains due to the production of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) and serine-β-lactamases (SBLs). Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to design inhibitors against these enzymes to block the hydrolytic action against antibiotics being used. Although various novel β-lactamase inhibitors are being authorized or are under clinical studies, the coverage of their activity spectrum does not include MDR organisms expressing multiple classes of β-lactamases at a single time. This study reports three novel broad-spectrum inhibitors effective against both SBLs and MBLs. Virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and an in silico pharmacokinetic study were performed to identify the lead molecules with broad-spectrum ability to inhibit the hydrolysis of β-lactam. The selected compounds were further assessed by in vitro cell assays (MIC, 50% inhibitory concentration [IC50], kinetics, and fluorescence against class A, B, and C type β-lactamases) to confirm their efficacies. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to check the toxicity of screened lead molecules. All three selected inhibitors were found to reduce MIC and showed good affinity against all the SBLs and MBLs produced by class A, B, and C type β-lactamases. These nontoxic novel non-β-lactam broad-spectrum inhibitors bind to the active site residues of selected β-lactamases, which are crucial for β-lactam antibiotic hydrolysis. These inhibitors may be proposed as a future drug candidate in combination with antibiotics as a single formulation to control infection caused by resistant strains. Hence, this study plays a significant role in the cure of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. IMPORTANCE Several inhibitors for usage in conjunction with antibiotics have been developed. However, to date, there is no commercially available broad-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor that targets both MBLs and SBLs. Here, we showed three novel broad-spectrum inhibitors with promising results through computational techniques and in vitro studies. These inhibitors are effective against both SBLs and MBLs and hence could be used as future drug candidates to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria producing both types of enzymes (SBLs and MBLs).
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Boni FG, Hamdi I, Moukendza Koundi L, Dai Y, Shrestra K, Abokadoum MA, Ekomi Moure UA, Suleiman IM, Xie J. The Gene and Regulatory Network Involved in Ethambutol Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microb Drug Resist 2022; 29:175-189. [PMID: 35939307 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2021.0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethambutol (EMB) is used in combination with isoniazid and rifampicin for the treatment of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the incidence of EMB resistance is alarming. The EMB targets the cell wall arabinan biosynthesis. It is important to comprehensively understand the molecular basis of EMB to slow down the drug resistance rate of EMB. This study summarized the genes implicated in EMB resistance, regulatory network and the pharmacoproteomic effect of EMB in M. tuberculosis. Many of the genes related to EMB are implicated in membrane components, drug efflux, lipid metabolism, ribosome, and detoxification. The differential response model may help to design a novel anti-tuberculosis antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funmilayo Grâce Boni
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Insaf Hamdi
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liadrine Moukendza Koundi
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongdong Dai
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kanshan Shrestra
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mohamed Abdellah Abokadoum
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Ulrich Aymard Ekomi Moure
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ismail Mohamed Suleiman
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals State Key Laboratory, Breeding Base Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Wang T, Fan L, Feng S, Ding X, An X, Chen J, Wang M, Zhai X, Li Y. Network pharmacology of iridoid glycosides from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver against osteoporosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7430. [PMID: 35523810 PMCID: PMC9076851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10769-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of osteoporosis, and iridoid glycosides are considered to be its active ingredients against osteoporosis. This study aims to clarify the chemical components and molecular mechanism of iridoid glycosides of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver in the treatment of osteoporosis by integrating network pharmacology and molecular simulations. The active iridoid glycosides and their potential targets were retrieved from text mining as well as Swiss Target Prediction, TargetNet database, and STITCH databases. At the same time, DisGeNET, GeneCards, and Therapeutic Target Database were used to search for the targets associated with osteoporosis. A protein–protein interaction network was built to analyze the interactions between targets. Then, DAVID bioinformatics resources and R 3.6.3 project were used to carry out Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. Moreover, interactions between active compounds and potential targets were investigated through molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and binding free energy analysis. The results showed that a total of 12 iridoid glycosides were identified as the active iridoid glycosides of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver in the treatment of osteoporosis. Among them, aucubin, reptoside, geniposide and ajugoside were the core compounds. The enrichment analysis suggested iridoid glycosides of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver prevented osteoporosis mainly through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and Estrogen signaling pathway. Molecular docking results indicated that the 12 iridoid glycosides had good binding ability with 25 hub target proteins, which played a critical role in the treatment of osteoporosis. Molecular dynamic and molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area results revealed these compounds showed stable binding to the active sites of the target proteins during the simulations. In conclusion, our research demonstrated that iridoid glycosides of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver in the treatment of osteoporosis involved a multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism, which provided new suggestions and theoretical support for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Liming Fan
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xinli Ding
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xinxin An
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Minjuan Wang
- Physical and Chemical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xifeng Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yang Li
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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13
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Repurposing drug molecule against SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) through molecular docking and dynamics: a quick approach to pick FDA-approved drugs. J Mol Model 2021; 27:312. [PMID: 34601658 PMCID: PMC8487339 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04923-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome is rapidly spreading worldwide. The international health authorities are putting all their efforts on quick diagnosis and placing the patients in quarantine. Although different vaccines have come for quick use as prophylactics, drug repurposing seems to be of paramount importance because of inefficient therapeutic options and clinical trial limitations. Here, we used structure-based drug designing approach to find and check the efficacy of the possible drug that can inhibit coronavirus main protease which is involved in polypeptide processing to functional protein. We performed virtual screening, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations of the FDA-approved drugs against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. Using well-defined computational methods, we identified amprenavir, cefoperazone, riboflavin, diosmin, nadide and troxerutin approved for human therapeutic uses, as COVID-19 main protease inhibitors. These drugs bind to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease conserved residues of substrate-binding pocket and formed a remarkable number of non-covalent interactions. We have found diosmin as an inhibitor which binds covalently to the COVID-19 main protease. This study provides enough evidences for therapeutic use of these drugs in controlling COVID-19 after experimental validation and clinical demonstration.
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14
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Bitencourt-Ferreira G, Rizzotto C, de Azevedo Junior WF. Machine Learning-Based Scoring Functions, Development and Applications with SAnDReS. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1746-1756. [PMID: 32410551 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200515101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of atomic coordinates of protein-ligand complexes can provide three-dimensional data to generate computational models to evaluate binding affinity and thermodynamic state functions. Application of machine learning techniques can create models to assess protein-ligand potential energy and binding affinity. These methods show superior predictive performance when compared with classical scoring functions available in docking programs. OBJECTIVE Our purpose here is to review the development and application of the program SAnDReS. We describe the creation of machine learning models to assess the binding affinity of protein-ligand complexes. METHODS SAnDReS implements machine learning methods available in the scikit-learn library. This program is available for download at https://github.com/azevedolab/sandres. SAnDReS uses crystallographic structures, binding and thermodynamic data to create targeted scoring functions. RESULTS Recent applications of the program SAnDReS to drug targets such as Coagulation factor Xa, cyclin-dependent kinases and HIV-1 protease were able to create targeted scoring functions to predict inhibition of these proteins. These targeted models outperform classical scoring functions. CONCLUSION Here, we reviewed the development of machine learning scoring functions to predict binding affinity through the application of the program SAnDReS. Our studies show the superior predictive performance of the SAnDReS-developed models when compared with classical scoring functions available in the programs such as AutoDock4, Molegro Virtual Docker and AutoDock Vina.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Rizzotto
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
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15
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Identification of new BACE1 inhibitors for treating Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Model 2021; 27:58. [PMID: 33517514 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of brain disorder, wherein a person experiences gradual memory loss, state of confusion, hallucination, agitation, and personality change. AD is marked by the presence of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and synaptic losses. Increased cases of AD in recent times created a dire need to discover or identify chemical compounds that can cease the development of AD. This study focuses on finding potential drug molecule(s) active against β-secretase, also known as β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). Clustering analysis followed by phylogenetic studies on microarray datasets retrieved from GEO browser showed that BACE1 gene has genetic relatedness with the RCAN1 gene. A ligand library comprising 60 natural compounds retrieved from literature and 25 synthetic compounds collected from DrugBank were screened. Further, 350 analogues of potential parent compounds were added to the library for the docking purposes. Molecular docking studies identified 11-oxotigogenin as the best ligand molecule. The compound showed the binding affinity of - 11.1 Kcal/mole and forms three hydrogen bonds with Trp124, Ile174, and Arg176. The protein-ligand complex was subjected to 25 ns molecular dynamics simulation and the potential energy of the complex was found to be - 1.24579e+06 Kcal/mole. In this study, 11-oxotigogenin has shown promising results against BACE1, which is a leading cause of AD, hence warrants for in vitro and in vivo validation of the same. In addition, in silico identification of 11-oxotigogenin as a potential anti-AD compound paves the way for designing of chemical scaffolds to discover more potent BACE1 inhibitors.Graphical abstract.
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16
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Borham M, Oreiby A, El-Gedawy A, Hegazy Y, Hemedan A, Al-Gaabary M. Abattoir survey of bovine tuberculosis in tanta, centre of the Nile delta, with in silico analysis of gene mutations and protein-protein interactions of the involved mycobacteria. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:434-450. [PMID: 33484233 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis is a transboundary disease of high economic and public health burden worldwide. In this study, post-mortem examination of 750 cattle and buffalo in Tanta abattoir, Centre of the Nile Delta, revealed visible TB in 4% of animals and a true prevalence of 6.85% (95% CI: 5.3%-8.9%). Mycobacterial culture, histopathology and RT-PCR targeting all members of M. tuberculosis complex were performed, upon which 85%, 80% and 100% of each tested lesions were confirmed as TB, respectively. Mpb70-targeting PCR was conducted on ten RT-PCR positive samples for sequencing and identified nine Mycobacterium (M.) bovis strains and, interestingly, one M. tuberculosis (Mtb) strain from a buffalo. Bioinformatics tools were used for prediction of mutations, nucleotide polymorphisms, lineages, drug resistance and protein-protein interactions (PPI) of the sequenced strains. The Mtb strain was resistant to rifampicin, isoniazid and streptomycin, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of multidrug resistant (MDR)-Mtb originating from buffaloes. Seven M. bovis strains were resistant to ethambutol and ethionamide. Such resistances were associated with KatG, rpoB, rpsL, embB and ethA genes mutations. Other mutations and nucleotide polymorphisms were also predicted, some are reported for the first time and require experimental work for validation. PPI revealed more interactions than what would be expected for a random set of proteins of similar size and had dense interactions between nodes that are biologically connected, as a group. Two M. bovis strains belonged to BOV AFRI lineage (Spoligotypes BOV 1; BOV 2) and eight strains belonged to East-Asian (Beijing) lineage. In conclusion, visible TB was prevalent in the study area, RT-PCR is the best to confirm the disease, MDR-Mtb is associated with buffalo TB, and mycobacteria of different lineages carry many resistance genes to chemotherapeutic agents used in treatment of human TB constituting a major public health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Borham
- Bacteriology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Matrouh Lab, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Atef Oreiby
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Attia El-Gedawy
- Bacteriology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yamen Hegazy
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hemedan
- Bioinformatics Core, Luxembourg Centre For Systems Biomedicine, Luxembourg University, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Magdy Al-Gaabary
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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17
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Xiong LB, Liu HH, Song XW, Meng XG, Liu XZ, Ji YQ, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Improving the biotransformation of phytosterols to 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione by deleting embC associated with the assembly of cell envelope in Mycobacterium neoaurum. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:341-346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Dhasmana A, Uniyal S, Anukriti, Kashyap VK, Somvanshi P, Gupta M, Bhardwaj U, Jaggi M, Yallapu MM, Haque S, Chauhan SC. Topological and system-level protein interaction network (PIN) analyses to deduce molecular mechanism of curcumin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12045. [PMID: 32694520 PMCID: PMC7374742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is an important bioactive component of turmeric and also one of the important natural products, which has been investigated extensively. The precise mode of action of curcumin and its impact on system level protein networks are still not well studied. To identify the curcumin governed regulatory action on protein interaction network (PIN), an interectome was created based on 788 key proteins, extracted from PubMed literatures, and constructed by using STRING and Cytoscape programs. The PIN rewired by curcumin was a scale-free, extremely linked biological system. MCODE plug-in was used for sub-modulization analysis, wherein we identified 25 modules; ClueGo plug-in was used for the pathway’s enrichment analysis, wherein 37 enriched signalling pathways were obtained. Most of them were associated with human diseases groups, particularly carcinogenesis, inflammation, and infectious diseases. Finally, the analysis of topological characteristic like bottleneck, degree, GO term/pathways analysis, bio-kinetics simulation, molecular docking, and dynamics studies were performed for the selection of key regulatory proteins of curcumin-rewired PIN. The current findings deduce a precise molecular mechanism that curcumin might exert in the system. This comprehensive in-silico study will help to understand how curcumin induces its anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial effects in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA.,Department of Biosciences and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Swati Uniyal
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Anukriti
- Department of Biosciences and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj,, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenu Gupta
- Department of Biosciences and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Uma Bhardwaj
- Department of Biosciences and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA.
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19
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Jana K, Mehra R, Dehury B, Blundell TL, Kepp KP. Common mechanism of thermostability in small α- and β-proteins studied by molecular dynamics. Proteins 2020; 88:1233-1250. [PMID: 32368818 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein thermostability is important to evolution, diseases, and industrial applications. Proteins use diverse molecular strategies to achieve stability at high temperature, yet reducing the entropy of unfolding seems required. We investigated five small α-proteins and five β-proteins with known, distinct structures and thermostability (Tm ) using multi-seed molecular dynamics simulations at 300, 350, and 400 K. The proteins displayed diverse changes in hydrogen bonding, solvent exposure, and secondary structure with no simple relationship to Tm . Our dynamics were in good agreement with experimental B-factors at 300 K and insensitive to force-field choice. Despite the very distinct structures, the native-state (300 + 350 K) free-energy landscapes (FELs) were significantly broader for the two most thermostable proteins and smallest for the three least stable proteins in both the α- and β-group and with both force fields studied independently (tailed t-test, 95% confidence level). Our results suggest that entropic ensembles stabilize proteins at high temperature due to reduced entropy of unfolding, viz., ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. Supporting this mechanism, the most thermostable proteins were also the least kinetically stable, consistent with broader FELs, typified by villin headpiece and confirmed by specific comparison to a mesophilic ortholog of Thermus thermophilus apo-pyrophosphate phosphohydrolase. We propose that molecular strategies of protein thermostabilization, although diverse, tend to converge toward highest possible entropy in the native state consistent with the functional requirements. We speculate that this tendency may explain why many proteins are not optimally structured and why molten-globule states resemble native proteins so much.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Budheswar Dehury
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom L Blundell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kasper P Kepp
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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20
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Gupta D, Singh A, Somvanshi P, Singh A, Khan AU. Structure-Based Screening of Non-β-Lactam Inhibitors against Class D β-Lactamases: An Approach of Docking and Molecular Dynamics. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:9356-9365. [PMID: 32363287 PMCID: PMC7191842 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The manifestation of class D β-lactamases in the community raises significant concern as they can hydrolyze carbapenem antibiotics. Hence, it is exceptionally alluring to design novel inhibitors. Structure-based virtual screening using docking programs and molecular dynamics simulations was employed to identify two novel non-β-lactam compounds that possess the ability to block different OXA variants. Furthermore, the presence of a nonpolar aliphatic amino acid, valine, near the active site serine, was identified in all OXA variants that can be accounted to block the catalytic activity of OXA enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Gupta
- Interdisciplinary
Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Uttarakhand
Technical University, Dehradun 248007 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aditi Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi 110070, India
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi 110070, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, G. B. Pant Engineering College, Pauri 246194, India
| | - Asad U. Khan
- Interdisciplinary
Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
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21
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An Q, Li C, Chen Y, Deng Y, Yang T, Luo Y. Repurposed drug candidates for antituberculosis therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112175. [PMID: 32126450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics have been a key part of clinical treatments for more than 70 years. Long-term use of antimicrobial treatments has led to the development of severe bacterial resistance, which has become increasingly serious due to antibiotic abuse, resulting in the treatment of bacterial infections becoming challenging. The repurposing of approved drugs presents a promising strategy to address current bottlenecks in the development of novel antibacterial agents. Drug repurposing is a cost-effective emerging strategy, which aims to treat resistant infectious diseases by identifying known drugs with predicted efficacy for diseases other than the target disease. This strategy has potential in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), particularly drug-resistant TB. In recent years, a panel of drugs approved for clinical use or clinical trials, such as linezolid, vancomycin and celecoxib, have been found to have anti-TB activities. However, the utility of drug repurposing is limited by the number of candidate compounds and their low activities. The low activities of repurposed drugs have slowed the development of a drug-repurposing strategy for anti-TB drugs. The present review discusses progress in the discovery of new anti-TB agents through drug repurposing since 2014. We also discuss the challenges faced and analyze the innovative ways that are being used to overcome these difficulties. This review may provide a useful guide for researchers in the field of drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi An
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chungen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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22
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Anwer R, AlQumaizi KI, Haque S, Somvanshi P, Ahmad N, AlOsaimi SM, Fatma T. Unravelling the interaction of glipizide with human serum albumin using various spectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamics studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:336-347. [PMID: 31900084 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1711195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glipizide is known to stimulate insulin secretion by β-cells of the pancreas. It is a second-generation sulfonylurea drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. The shorter biological half-life makes it a suitable candidate to be designed as a controlled release formulation. Human serum albumin (HSA), a major plasma protein plays a crucial role in the transportation of drugs, hormones, fatty acids, and many other molecules and determines their physiological fate and biodistribution. In this study, the interaction of glipizide with HSA was investigated under physiological conditions using multi-spectroscopic techniques corroborated with molecular docking and dynamics approach. It was found that glipizide integrates to HSA with a binding constant in the order of 105 M-1. The mode of fluorescence quenching by glipizide is static in nature with one binding site. Glipizide preferentially interacts with sub-domain IIA of HSA and their complexion is thermodynamically favorable. This interaction results in the loss of α-helical content of HSA. The energy transfer efficiency from HSA to glipizide was found to be 26.72%. In silico molecular docking and simulation studies ratified in vitro findings and revealed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions are accountable for glipizide-HSA complex formation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razique Anwer
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid I AlQumaizi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Nazia Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Saleh M AlOsaimi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasneem Fatma
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
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23
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Kumar R, Harilal S, Gupta SV, Jose J, Thomas Parambi DG, Uddin MS, Shah MA, Mathew B. Exploring the new horizons of drug repurposing: A vital tool for turning hard work into smart work. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111602. [PMID: 31421629 PMCID: PMC7127402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug discovery and development are long and financially taxing processes. On an average it takes 12-15 years and costs 1.2 billion USD for successful drug discovery and approval for clinical use. Many lead molecules are not developed further and their potential is not tapped to the fullest due to lack of resources or time constraints. In order for a drug to be approved by FDA for clinical use, it must have excellent therapeutic potential in the desired area of target with minimal toxicities as supported by both pre-clinical and clinical studies. The targeted clinical evaluations fail to explore other potential therapeutic applications of the candidate drug. Drug repurposing or repositioning is a fast and relatively cheap alternative to the lengthy and expensive de novo drug discovery and development. Drug repositioning utilizes the already available clinical trials data for toxicity and adverse effects, at the same time explores the drug's therapeutic potential for a different disease. This review addresses recent developments and future scope of drug repositioning strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Seetha Harilal
- Department of Pharmacy, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Sheeba Varghese Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jobin Jose
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, NITTE Deemed to be University, Manglore, 575018, India
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacogonosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678557, Kerala, India.
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24
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Singh A, Das M, Grover A. Molecular mechanism of acetoacetyl-CoA enhanced kinetics for increased bioplastic production from Cupriavidus necator 428. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:827-840. [PMID: 30836854 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1590239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates are gaining importance due to their biodegradable nature and close analogy to plastics. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the most widely used bioplastic from polyalkanoate family, which is produced by a legion of bacterial species via phbCAB operon encoding β-ketothiolase (PhaA), NADPH-dependent acetoacetyl-coenzyme A (acetoacetyl-CoA) reductase (PhaB) and polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase (PhaC). Augmentation in the activity of these enzymes is promising for increased PHB production which is achieved by enzyme engineering strategies including non-structural and structural approaches. Our study is deployed on directed evolution-based experimentally reported mutants of PhaB enzyme with increased efficiency due to impact on critical structural factors. We have analyzed and compared the native PhaB with two of its variants Q47L and T173S in complex with their cofactor i.e. NADPH as well as the substrate i.e. acetoacetyl-CoA, via long range molecular dynamics simulations. Interaction profile, MMPBSA, essential dynamics, and free energy landscape analysis revealed that the enzyme efficiency is critically affected by cofactor interactions. It was also observed that mutants have higher equilibrium constant with lesser but optimal affinity for substrate and cofactor than the wild type, which might be the reason for increased efficiency of the mutants via enhanced substrate and cofactor exchange rate. Our study provides insights into the cofactor and substrate binding affinities to PhaB enzyme at atomistic level, which will facilitate designing of highly efficient PhaB enzymes for increased PHB production. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India
| | - Mriganko Das
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhinav Grover
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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