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Saha ND, Kumari P, Das B, Sahoo RN, Kumar R, Golui D, Singh B, Jain N, Bhatia A, Chaudhary A, Chakrabarti B, Bhowmik A, Saha P, Islam S. Vis-NIR spectroscopy based rapid and non-destructive method to quantitate microplastics: An emerging contaminant in farm soil. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172088. [PMID: 38554975 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) is the second most important environmental issue and can potentially enter into food chain through farmland contamination and other means. There are no standardized extraction methods for quantification of MPs in soil. The embedded errors and biases generated serious problems regarding the comparability of different studies and leading to erroneous estimation. To address this gap, present study was formulated to develop an efficient method for MPs analysis suitable for a wide range of soil and organic matrices. A method based on Vis-NIR (Visible-Near Infra Red) spectroscopy is developed for four different soil belonging to Alfisol, Inceptisol, Mollisol and Vertisol and two organic matter matrices (FYM and Sludge). The developed method was found as rapid, reproducible, non-destructive and accurate method for estimation of all three-density groups of MPs (Low, Medium and High) with a prediction accuracy ranging from 1.9 g MPs/kg soil (Vertisol) to 3.7 g MPs/kg soil (Alfisol). Two different regression models [Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) and Principal Component Regression (PCR)] were assessed and PLSR was found to provide better information in terms of prediction accuracy and minimum quantification limit (MQL). However, PCR performed better for organic matter matrices than PLSR. The method avoids any complicated sample preparation steps except drying and sieving thus saving time and acquisition of reflectance spectrum for single sample is possible within 18 s. Owing to have the minimum quantification limit ranging from 1.9-3.7 g/kg soil, the vis-NIR based method is perfectly suitable for estimation of MPs in soil samples collected from plastic pollution hotspots like landfill sites, regular based sludge amended farm soils. Additionally, the method can be adapted by small scale compost industries for assessing MPs load in product like city compost which are applied at agricultural fields and will be helpful in quantifying possible MPs at the sources itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Das Saha
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India; ICAR-CTRI, RS-Dinhata, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India.
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India.
| | - Bappa Das
- ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Goa, India
| | - R N Sahoo
- Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Debasis Golui
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India.
| | - Niveta Jain
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Arti Bhatia
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Chaudhary
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Bidisha Chakrabarti
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Arpan Bhowmik
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI), Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Partha Saha
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India; ICAR-CTRI, RS-Dinhata, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Sadikul Islam
- ICAR-Indian Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, India
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Prakash J, Ramesh K, Tripathi D, Kumar R. Corrigendum to "Numerical simulation of heat transfer in blood flow altered by electroosmosis through tapered micro-vessels" [Microvasc. Res. 118 (2018) 162-172]. Microvasc Res 2024; 153:104657. [PMID: 38267351 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- Department of Mathematics, Agni College of Technology, Thalambur, Chennai 600120, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Ramesh
- Department of Mathematics, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India
| | - D Tripathi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India.
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India
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Maurya HS, Vikram RJ, Kumar R, Rahmani R, Juhani K, Sergejev F, Prashanth KG. EBSD investigation of microstructure and microtexture evolution on additively manufactured TiC-Fe based cermets-Influence of multiple laser scanning. Micron 2024; 180:103613. [PMID: 38428322 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2024.103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable TiC-Fe-based cermets have been fabricated by adopting an Additive Manufacturing route based on laser powder bed fusion technology (L-PBF). The objective is to produce crack-free cermet components by employing novel multiple laser scanning techniques with variations in laser process parameters. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis (EBSD) was used to study the microstructure and microtexture evolution with variations in laser process parameters. The investigation revealed that adjusting the preheating scan speed (PHS) and melting scan speed (MS) influenced the growth and nucleation of TiC phases. Lowering these speeds resulted in grain coarsening, while higher scan speeds led to grain refinement with larger sub-grain boundaries. Moreover, a high scanning speed increases the degree of dislocation density and internal stress in the fabricated cermet parts. Notably, it is revealed that decreasing the laser scan speed enhanced the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries in the cermet components, signifying an increase in material ductility.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Maurya
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia; Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå SE-97187, Sweden.
| | - R J Vikram
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - R Rahmani
- CiTin- Centro de Interface Tecnológico Industrial, Arcos de Valdevez 4970-786, Portugal; ProMetheus- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), Viana do Castelo 4900-347, Portugal
| | - K Juhani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - F Sergejev
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - K G Prashanth
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia; Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstrasse 12, Leoben 8700, Austria; CBCMT, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore, Tamil Nadu 630014, India
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Kumar S, Arora A, Singh SK, Kumar R, Shankar B, Singh BK. Phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate) as a sustainable reagent: exploring its significance in organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3109-3185. [PMID: 38529599 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01964k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Iodine-containing molecules, especially hypervalent iodine compounds, have gained significant attention in organic synthesis. They are valuable and sustainable reagents, leading to a remarkable surge in their use for chemical transformations. One such hypervalent iodine compound, phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate)/bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene, commonly referred to as PIFA, has emerged as a prominent candidate due to its attributes of facile manipulation, moderate reactivity, low toxicity, and ready availability. PIFA presents an auspicious prospect as a substitute for costly organometallic catalysts and environmentally hazardous oxidants containing heavy metals. PIFA exhibits remarkable catalytic activity, facilitating an array of consequential organic reactions, including sulfenylation, alkylarylation, oxidative coupling, cascade reactions, amination, amidation, ring-rearrangement, carboxylation, and numerous others. Over the past decade, the application of PIFA in synthetic chemistry has witnessed substantial growth, necessitating an updated exploration of this field. In this discourse, we present a concise overview of PIFA's applications as a 'green' reagent in the domain of synthetic organic chemistry. A primary objective of this article is to bring to the forefront the scientific community's awareness of the merits associated with adopting PIFA as an environmentally conscientious alternative to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Aditi Arora
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, R.D.S College, B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur-842002, India
| | - Bhawani Shankar
- Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110019, India
| | - Brajendra K Singh
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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Rizvi ZA, Sadhu S, Dandotiya J, Sharma P, Binayke A, Singh V, Das V, Khatri R, Kumar R, Samal S, Kalia M, Awasthi A. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces thymic atrophy mediated by IFN-γ in hACE2 transgenic mice. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350624. [PMID: 38655818 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic infections cause thymic atrophy, perturb thymic T-cell development, and alter immunological response. Previous studies reported dysregulated T-cell function and lymphopenia in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). However, immunopathological changes in the thymus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have not been elucidated. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2 infects thymocytes, and induces CD4+CD8+ (double positive; DP) T-cell apoptosis leading to thymic atrophy and loss of peripheral TCR repertoire in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice. Infected thymus led to increased CD44+CD25- T-cells, indicating an early arrest in the T-cell maturation pathway. Thymic atrophy was notably higher in male hACE2-Tg mice than in females and involved an upregulated de-novo synthesis pathway of thymic glucocorticoid. Further, IFN-γ was crucial for thymic atrophy, as anti-IFN-γ -antibody neutralization blunted thymic involution. Therapeutic use of Remdesivir also rescued thymic atrophy. While the Omicron variant and its sub-lineage BA.5 variant caused marginal thymic atrophy, the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibited severe thymic atrophy characterized by severely depleted DP T-cells. Recently characterized broadly SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibody P4A2 was able to rescue thymic atrophy and restore the thymic maturation pathway of T-cells. Together, we report SARS-CoV-2-associated thymic atrophy resulting from impaired T-cell maturation pathway which may contribute to dyregulated T cell response during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Srikanth Sadhu
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Jyotsna Dandotiya
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Puja Sharma
- Regional Centre Biotechnology, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Akshay Binayke
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Virendra Singh
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vinayaka Das
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Ritika Khatri
- Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Manjula Kalia
- Regional Centre Biotechnology, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-biology Lab, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Immunology-Core Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Pippal PS, Kumar R, Kumar R, Singh A. Integrating satellite and model data to explore spatial-temporal changes in aerosol optical properties and their meteorological relationships in northwest India. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:170835. [PMID: 38354813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of Aerosol Optical Properties across Northwest India using aerosol data from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) sensors from 2003 to 2022. Therefore, this study investigated the decadal, interannual, and seasonal changes in aerosol optical properties, vegetation index, and meteorological parameters in the northwest Indian region (8 boxes). Using GIOVANNI (Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) Online Visualization and Analysis Infrastructure), we retrieved daily and monthly Aqua and Terra MODIS products of aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent (AE), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and OMI aerosol index (AI) to examine the spatiotemporal variations by using statistical approaches. The results demonstrated that the decadal averages of aerosol properties showed values of AOD 0.35 (Aqua) and 0.34 (Terra) and AE 1.20 (Aqua) and 1.10 (Terra) with the highest levels during the post-monsoon. Notably, the mean interannual concentrations of AOD and NDVI consistently surpass 0.3, and AE and AI exceed 1 in most locations, underscoring the persistence of high aerosol loading. Also, the study revealed a negative decadal change in AOD of about -8.24 %, while AE, AI, and NDVI showed positive decadal changes of about 9.24 %, 15.09 %, and 12.67 %, respectively. In addition, aerosol optical properties and local meteorology strongly correlated (-0.8 to +0.8). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identifies meteorological parameters as significant drivers, with the first three components explaining over 70 % of the variation in aerosol optical properties. The NOAA HYSPLIT trajectory model suggests that the long-distance dust transport from the Arabian Peninsula frequently penetrates Gujarat province and then to northwest India. The results contributed to air quality management strategies and provided valuable insights into regional climate and air quality with the influence of meteorology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prity S Pippal
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India; Department of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Atar Singh
- Centre for Cryosphere and Climate Change Studies, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India
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Bharti S, Singh B, Kumar S, Kumar R, Kumar J. Synthesis of bio-stabilized silver nanoparticles using Roccella montagnei, their anticandidal capacities & potential to inhibit the virulence factors in fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:158. [PMID: 38592601 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Candida species is the causative agent in approximately 80% of invasive mycoses and drug-resistant Candida albicans is among the four strains of 'critical priority group' framed by WHO. Lichens are endowed with some rare phytochemicals and a plethora of therapeutics viz. antifungal capacities of Roccella montagnei. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using lichen could offer an eco-friendly, and cost-effective alternative against emerging 'microbial resistance.' Therefore, the objective was to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (Rm-AgNPs) using a Hydro-alcoholic (1:1) extract of R. montagnei to develop a potent anticandidal agent against Fluconazole-resistant C. albicans NBC099. UV-Spectroscopy identified AgNPs specific-peak of Rm-AgNPs at 420-440 nm and FTIR revealed the presence of amines, alcohol, aromatic compounds, and acids. SEM and TEM analysis indicated that Rm-AgNPs are spherical shaped with a size range of 10-50 nm. Zetasizer analysis indicated that particles are highly stable and have a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 116 nm with a zeta potential charge of - 41 mV. XRD analysis suggested face centered cubic crystal lattice structure. Results indicated that Rm-AgNPs strongly inhibited the growth of NBC099 at a minimum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ≤ 15 µg. C. albicans culture treated with Rm-AgNPs at concentrations below IC50, down-regulates the production of different virulence factors in NBC099, viz. hyphal formation (> 85%), biofilms production (> 80%), phospholipase, esterase, proteinase activity. The apoptosis assay demonstrated the Rm-AgNPs induced apoptosis in NBC099 cells via oxidative stress. Interestingly, Rm-AgNPs showed negligible cytotoxicity (< 6%) in murine RAW 246.7 macrophage cells at a concentration above 15 µg/mL. Therefore, Rm-AgNPs have been offered as an anti-candida alternative that can be utilized to improve the efficacy of already available medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bharti
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Balwant Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India
| | - Sanket Kumar
- Department of Botany, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, 244102, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Jatinder Kumar
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
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Ahlawat P, Kumari P, Lather V, Rathee B, Kumar R. Europium-based β-hydroxyketone complexes: synthesis, optoelectronic, thermal and computational analyses. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024:10.1007/s43630-024-00561-2. [PMID: 38581535 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Six red-light-emitting Eu(III) complexes having a β-hydroxyketone as ligand and heterocyclic ring containing compounds as ancillary ligands were synthesized to explore their use in displays and optoelectronics. The coordinating behavior of complexes was determined by various techniques such as FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), 1H-NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance), and 13C-NMR that establishes a bonding of ligand and ancillary ligand with the Eu(III) ion. Morphology and purity were investigated through XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analyses that suggest semicrystalline and pure complex formation. Thermal analysis of complexes by TGA/DTG (thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric) indicates that complexes are stable upto 200 ºC temperature making them suitable for use in display devices. Analysis of the photophysical properties was carried out in both solid and solution states using PL (photoluminescence) studies, color parameters, J-O (Judd-Ofelt) analysis and bandgap. Most emissive transition (5D0 → 7F2) is responsible for the red emission in the complexes. The CIE (Commission International de I'Eclairage) coordinates of complexes also indicate the red emission on UV excitation. The bandgap which was obtained in the range of 2.54-3.02 eV reveals the semiconducting behavior of complexes. Values of J-O parameters and Ω2 in the complexes reflect asymmetric chemical environment around Eu (III) and less covalence and the Ω4 indicates that complexes are less rigid. Bandgap calculated through DFT (density function theory) for complexes is in range of 2.37-2.77 eV, and intensity parameters (J-O), energy transfer rates, and spherical coordinates were determined by LUMPAC software. The computational data are in good harmony with the experimental data. Further biological aspects of complexes were studied using antioxidant and antimicrobial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Ahlawat
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Poonam Kumari
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Vaishnavi Lather
- Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Bhawna Rathee
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.
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9
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Moskven E, McIntosh G, Nataraj A, Christie SD, Kumar R, Phan P, Wang Z, Tarabay B, Weber MH, Singh S, Bailey CS, Manson NA, Abraham E, Paquet J, Wilson JR, Rampersaud YR, Fisher CG, Dea N, Charest-Morin R. Factors associated with increased length of stay in degenerative cervical spine surgery: a cohort analysis from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network. J Neurosurg Spine 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38579341 DOI: 10.3171/2024.1.spine231211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative length of stay (LOS) significantly contributes to healthcare costs and resource utilization. The primary goal of this study was to identify patient, clinical, surgical, and institutional variables that influence LOS after elective surgery for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine. The secondary objectives were to examine the variability in LOS and institutional practices used to decrease LOS. METHODS This was a multicenter observational retrospective cohort study of patients enrolled in the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) between January 2015 and October 2020 who underwent elective anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) (1-3 levels) or posterior cervical fusion (PCF) (between C2 and T2) with/without decompression for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine. Prolonged LOS was defined as LOS greater than the median for the ACDF and PCF populations. The principal investigators at each participating CSORN healthcare institution completed a survey to capture institutional practices implemented to reduce postoperative LOS. RESULTS In total, 1228 patients were included (729 ACDF and 499 PCF patients). The median (IQR) LOS for ACDF and PCF were 1.0 (1.0) day and 5.0 (4.0) days, respectively. Predictors of prolonged LOS after ACDF were female sex, myelopathy diagnosis, lower baseline SF-12 mental component summary score, multilevel ACDF, and perioperative adverse events (AEs) (p < 0.05). Predictors of prolonged LOS after PCF were nonsmoking status, education less than high school, lower baseline numeric rating scale score for neck pain and EQ5D score, higher baseline Neck Disability Index score, and perioperative AEs (p < 0.05). Myelopathy did not significantly predict prolonged LOS within the PCF cohort after multivariate analysis. Of the 8 institutions (57.1%) with an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol or standardized protocol, only 3 reported using an ERAS protocol specific to patients undergoing ACDF or PCF. CONCLUSIONS Patient and clinical factors predictive of prolonged LOS after ACDF and PCF are highly variable, warranting individual consideration for possible mitigation. Perioperative AEs remained a consistent independent predictor of prolonged LOS in both cohorts, highlighting the importance of preventing intra- and postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryck Moskven
- 1Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopedic Spine Program, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | | | - Andrew Nataraj
- 3Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Sean D Christie
- 4Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- 5Spine Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario
| | - Philippe Phan
- 6Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Zhi Wang
- 7Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Bilal Tarabay
- 7Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Michael H Weber
- 7Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Supriya Singh
- 8London Health Science Centre Combined Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery Spine Program, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario
| | - Christopher S Bailey
- 8London Health Science Centre Combined Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery Spine Program, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario
| | - Neil A Manson
- 9Division of Orthopaedics, Canada East Spine Centre, Saint John, New Brunswick
| | - Edward Abraham
- 9Division of Orthopaedics, Canada East Spine Centre, Saint John, New Brunswick
| | - Jérôme Paquet
- 10Centre de Recherche CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec
| | - Jefferson R Wilson
- 11Divisions of Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Ontario; and
| | - Y Raja Rampersaud
- 12Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles G Fisher
- 1Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopedic Spine Program, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Nicolas Dea
- 1Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopedic Spine Program, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Raphaële Charest-Morin
- 1Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopedic Spine Program, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
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Meena S, Kumar R, Meena RK. Comparative Analysis of Various Materials Used for Mastoid Cavity Obliteration in Canal Wall Down Mastoid Surgery. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:1586-1594. [PMID: 38566632 PMCID: PMC10982262 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
To study the surgical result and efficacy of different methods of mastoid obliteration with cavity care. This prospective study included 60 patients who had cholesteatoma, conducted in the Department of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT), Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi from July 2015 to July 2017. The mastoid cavity was obliterated with either muscle flap/bone dust/hydroxyapatite. detailed history otoscopic examination was done pre-operatively and follow up were recorded at 1 month and 3 months in postoperative period. 60 patients were included, who underwent canal wall down mastoid surgery. each group muscle flap (group 1), bone dust (group 2) and hydroxyapatite (group 3) included 20 patients, age group 31-40 year with its maximum incidence of 43.3%, Preop PTA value were almost equal in all group but on comparison at 1 month in postoperative period significant improvement was present in group 1 versus 2(0.021) and group 2 versus 3(0.003) but not in group 1 versus 3. Although at 3 month there were significant improvement was present in all groups. The incidence of pain, discharge, giddiness and wax formation were markedly reduced and healing of cavities was early and better in obliterated cavities done by muscle flap and bone dust material as compared to hydroxyapatite cavities, at the end of 3 months. outcome and quality of life was better and almost equal in muscle flap and bone dust material group as compared to hydroxyapatite group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Meena
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313015 India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Meena
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313015 India
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Pike NA, Avedissian T, Halnon NH, Lewis AB, Kumar R. Low pre-albumin but not thiamine predicts cognitive deficits in adolescents post-Fontan and healthy controls. Cardiol Young 2024; 34:803-808. [PMID: 37850442 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951123003396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low pre-albumin, body mass index, and thiamine levels have been associated with poor nutritional status and cognitive/memory deficits in adult heart failure patients. However, the relationship of these nutritional/dietary intake biomarkers to cognition has not been assessed in adolescents post-Fontan procedure and healthy controls. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Adolescents (14-21 years of age) post-Fontan completion were recruited from paediatric cardiology clinics and controls from the community. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was administered (normal ≥ 26), and blood draw (thiamine [normal 70-110 nmol/L] and pre-albumin levels [adolescent normal 23-45 mg/dL]) and the Thiamine Food Frequency Questionnaire were completed by all participants. RESULTS Seventy subjects, 40 post-Fontan (mean age 16 ± 1.6, female 51%, Hispanic 44%, hypoplastic left heart syndrome 26%) and 30 controls (mean age 16.8 ± 1.9, female 52%, Hispanic 66%), were participated. Post-Fontan group had lower median total cognitive scores (23 versus 29, p < 0.001), pre-albumin levels (23 versus 27, p = 0.013), and body mass index (20 versus 24, p = 0.027) than controls. Post-Fontan group had higher thiamine levels than controls (127 versus 103, p = 0.033). Lower pre-albumin levels (< 23) and underweight body mass index were associated with abnormal total cognitive scores (p = 0.030). Low pre-albumin level (p = .038) was an independent predictor of worse cognition. CONCLUSION Lower pre-albumin was an independent predictor for worse cognition in adolescents post-Fontan. Lower pre-albumin levels may reflect chronic liver changes or protein-losing enteropathy seen in Fontan physiology. These findings highlight the possibility for nutrition-induced cognitive changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A Pike
- University of California Los Angeles, School of Nursing, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tamar Avedissian
- American University of Beirut, Hariri School of Nursing, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nancy H Halnon
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alan B Lewis
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Singh H, Neha K, Kumar R, Kaushik P, Singh AK, Singh G. Role of infrastructure and operation in disease prevalence in dairy farms: groundwork for disease prevention-based antibiotic stewardship. Prev Vet Med 2024; 225:106158. [PMID: 38447491 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Attempts at regulating misuse of antibiotics in the dairy industry have been ineffective, especially in low- and middle-income countries, who also typically have high burden of preventable infectious disease, we propose a disease prevention-based approach to minimize the need and in turn consumption of antibiotics in dairy farms. Since the immediate environment of the animals is key to disease prevalence, we targeted the infrastructure- and operation-related factors in dairy farms and their link with prevalence of most common diseases and symptoms. We conducted four focused group discussions and a cross-sectional survey in 378 dairy farms to investigate disease prevalence and associated infrastructural (housing system, and manger shape), and operational (waste management, feed management, and type of cleaning agent) parameters. The most common diseases (Mastitis and secondary infections related to Foot-and-mouth disease) and symptoms (fever and diarrhoea) in the focus area were linked with the infrastructural and operational factors on the dairy farm with higher disease prevalence reported in dairy farms, where the animals were exposed to variations in diurnal temperatures or were hard to clean. We further used ML classifiers - Neural Network (NN), k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forest (RF) - to corroborate the relationship between infrastructure and operations of the dairy farms and disease prevalence- The DT classifier on randomly sampled data could predict the prevalence of the two most common diseases (accuracy = 92%, F1-score = 0.919) Our results open new avenues for cost-effective interventions such as use of curve-edged mangers, use of rubber mats on floors, not reusing leftover feed etc. in dairy farms to prevent the most common diseases and symptoms in dairy farms and reduce the need and consumption of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Kumari Neha
- College of Veterinary and Animal Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar 263145, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- College of Veterinary and Animal Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar 263145, India
| | - Pallavi Kaushik
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Awanish Kumar Singh
- College of Veterinary and Animal Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar 263145, India
| | - Gargi Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India.
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Kaur C, Mishra Y, Kumar R, Singh G, Singh S, Mishra V, Tambuwala MM. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and herbal medicine-based therapeutic implication of rheumatoid arthritis: an overview. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01445-8. [PMID: 38528307 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stands as an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic joint inflammation, resulting in profound physiological alterations within the body. Affecting approximately 0.4-1.3% of the global population, this condition poses significant challenges as current therapeutic approaches primarily offer symptomatic relief, with the prospect of complete recovery remaining elusive. This review delves into the contemporary advancements in understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and the therapeutic potential of herbal medicine in managing RA. Notably, early diagnosis during the initial stages emerges as the pivotal determinant for successful recovery post-treatment. Utilizing tools such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), anti-citrullinated peptide antibody markers, and radiography proves crucial in pinpointing the diagnosis of RA with precision. Unveiling the intricate pathophysiological mechanisms of RA has paved the way for innovative therapeutic interventions, incorporating plant extracts and isolated phytoconstituents. In the realm of pharmacological therapy for RA, specific disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs have showcased commendable efficacy. However, this conventional approach is not without its drawbacks, as it is often associated with various side effects. The integration of methodological strategies, encompassing both pharmacological and plant-based herbal therapies, presents a promising avenue for achieving substantive recovery. This integrated approach not only addresses the symptoms but also strives to tackle the underlying causes of RA, fostering a more comprehensive and sustainable path towards healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanjit Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Yachana Mishra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhraj Singh
- Department of Food Civil Supply and Consumer Affairs, Amritsar, 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, England, UK.
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Murray C, Kumar R, Pearson I. Thrombolytic therapy in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Ir Med J 2024; 117:929. [PMID: 38526317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
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15
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Bansal L, Sahu B, Rath DK, Ahlawat N, Ghosh T, Kandpal S, Kumar R. Stoichiometrically Optimized Electrochromic Complex [V 2 O 2+ξ (OH) 3-ξ ] Based Electrode: Prototype Supercapacitor with Multicolor Indicator. Small 2024:e2312215. [PMID: 38497820 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202312215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The systematic structure modification of metal oxides is becoming more attractive, and effective strategies for structural tunning are highly desirable for improving their practical color-modulating energy storage performances. Here, the ability of a stoichiometrically tuned oxide-hydroxide complex of porous vanadium oxide, namely [V2 O2+ξ (OH)3-ξ ]ξ = 0:3 for multifunctional electrochromic supercapacitor application is demonstrated. Theoretically, the pre-optimized oxide complex is synthesized using a simple wet chemical etching technique in its optimized stoichiometry [V2 O2+ξ (OH)3-ξ ] with ξ = 0, providing more electroactive surface sites. The multifunctional electrode shows a high charge storage property of 610 Fg-1 at 1A g-1 , as well as good electrochromic properties with high color contrast of 70% and 50% at 428 and 640 nm wavelengths, faster switching, and high coloration efficiency. When assembled in a solid-state symmetric electrochromic supercapacitor device, it exhibits an ultrahigh power density of 1066 mWcm-2 , high energy density of 246 mWhcm-2 , and high specific capacitance of 290 mFcm-2 at 0.2 mAcm-2 . A prepared prototype device displays red when fully charged, green when half charged, and blue when fully discharged. A clear evidence of optimizing the multifunctional performance of electrochromic supercapacitor by stoichiometrical tuning is presented along with demonstrating a device prototype of a 25 cm2 large device for real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Love Bansal
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
| | - Bhumika Sahu
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
| | - Deb Kumar Rath
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
| | - Nikita Ahlawat
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
| | - Tanushree Ghosh
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Suchita Kandpal
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
- Centre for Advanced Electronics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
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Tanwar M, Kumar R. Effect of dimensionality on the excitation wavelength dependence of the Fano-Raman line-shape: a brief review. Nanoscale 2024. [PMID: 38470369 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00445g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The already existing heterogeneity in nanomaterials makes it an intriguing yet complex system to study size effect vis-à-vis other external perturbations and thereby local modifications at the nanoscale, thus demanding an improved tool and analysis for the choice of study. The analysis of existential subtle perturbations and interactions in a wide class of materials using Raman spectromicroscopy has proved to be of utmost importance, and various phenomena such as quantum confinement and its interplay with Fano resonance have already been investigated in nanomaterials, including the role of various perturbations such as temperature, pressure, doping, bias, and excitation wavelength on Raman spectral line shape parameters. Amongst different perturbations that cause a change in the spectral profile of Fano resonance, the gray area of wavelength dependence of Fano Raman line shape profiles has been least analysed in the literature. Moreover, the true signature of Fano resonance in nanoscaled systems, which is the wavelength dependence of Fano interaction, remains the least discussed. This review summarises the wavelength dependent correlation of Fano resonance and its effect on the Raman spectral line-shape parameters in some bulk materials, nanomaterials, and molecular systems involving heavily doped p-type crystalline silicon, 2-D MoS2, graphene, WS2, single walled carbon nanotubes, etc. A brief overview of Fano resonance in metamaterials and photonic systems is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manushree Tanwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19147, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol-453552, India.
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Nath S, Bhattacharya S, Golla VB, Kumar R. Effect of Social Media on Diet, Lifestyle, and Performance of Athletes: A Review of Current Evidence. Curr Nutr Rep 2024:10.1007/s13668-024-00526-y. [PMID: 38460051 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Social media (SM) plays an important role in providing diet and health advice to athletes, but it also carries with it a risk of credibility in the information sought for and received. The objective of this review is to assess the knowledge gap on how SM influences dietary and lifestyle practices in athletes. RECENT FINDINGS For this, relevant literature was searched in three leading databases with appropriate keywords, which were subjected to proper scrutiny that led to inclusion of 22 articles (original research papers, reviews, viewpoints, and commentaries). The current era of digitalization has seen an over-reliance on internet and SM for nutrition and lifestyle advice for an athlete. SM has become a powerful tool in athlete's choice of food, nutrition information, healthy living, and performance, with merits and demerits. Their role in choosing dietary supplements and particular food types (e.g., ketogenic diet), body image, self-esteem and eating disorders, and in lifestyle and performance are discussed. SM should be used with caution and should not be used alone as a source of information for nutrition related pieces of advise by athletes. Any food type and supplements trending in SM should be discussed with a sports nutritionist before consumption. SM influencers having a big follower base may not always be disseminating the right knowledge on food and nutrition, thus caution should be exercised. For optimal benefit to the athlete, SM information should be in alignment with recommendations provided by sports nutrition and coaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Nath
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, 814152, Jharkhand, India.
| | | | - Vani Bhushanam Golla
- Department of Sports Nutrition, National Center for Sports, Science and Research, Sports Authority of India, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
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Senjam SS, Manna S, Goel G, Balhara YPS, Ray A, Gupta Y, Lomi N, Gupta V, Vashist P, Titiyal JS, Kashyap N, Kumar R. Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among rural population in Haryana, India: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299564. [PMID: 38457391 PMCID: PMC10923481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conducting a study in rural pre-dominant areas will help to understand the penetration of the vaccination campaign during the COVID-19 health crisis. This study aimed to investigate vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among the rural adult population in India and to identify factors associated with vaccination coverage. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the rural population in one district of north India from January to February 2023. A semi-structured questionnaire was designed on the SurveyMonkey digital platform for interviewing the participants, which consisted of questions related to socio-demographic profile, health problems, vaccination status, types of vaccine, re-infection after vaccination, and functional difficulties. The data regarding infection with COVID-19 was collected based on self-reported positive testing for SARS-CoV 2 on RT-PCR. FINDINGS A total of 3700 eligible individuals were enumerated for the survey, out of which 2954 (79.8%) were interviewed. The infection rate of past COVID-19 infection, based on self-report of testing positive, was 6.2% (95%CI: 5.3-7.1). Covishield vaccine was received by most participants (81.3%, 2380) followed by Covaxin (12.3%, 361) and Pfizer manufactured vaccine (0.03,1). The coverage for first, second, and booster doses of the vaccine was 98.2% (2902), 94.8% (2802), and 10.7% (315) respectively. The risk of reinfection at 12 months or more among participants with two doses of vaccine was 1.6% (46/2802, 95%CI: 1.2-2.1). The coverage among those with severe functional difficulties was lesser as compared to those with some or no difficulties. INTERPRETATION Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 in rural Haryana, India is not dependent on factors like gender or occupation but is dependent on age and education. Although the full and partial vaccination coverage is high, the booster dose coverage is poor. In addition, the presence of severe disability was significantly associated with reduced vaccination coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Singh Senjam
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Souvik Manna
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Goel
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Yatan Pal Singh Balhara
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Animesh Ray
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Yashdeep Gupta
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neiwete Lomi
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Praveen Vashist
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeewan Singh Titiyal
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitin Kashyap
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Maan M, Goyal H, Joshi S, Barman P, Sharma S, Kumar R, Saini A. DP1, a multifaceted synthetic peptide: Mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential. Life Sci 2024; 340:122458. [PMID: 38266815 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Microbial infections remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) being a prominent etiological agent, responsible for causing persistent bacterial infections in humans. It is a nosocomial, opportunistic pathogen, capable to propagate within the bloodstream and withstand therapeutic interventions. In the current study, a novel, indigenously designed synthetic antimicrobial peptide (sAMP) has been evaluated for its antimicrobial potential to inhibit the growth and proliferation of S. aureus. MAIN METHODS The sAMP, designed peptide (DP1) was evaluated for its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against a panel of pathogenic bacterial strains. Membrane mechanistic studies were performed by measuring membrane conductivity via dielectric spectroscopy and visualizing changes in bacterial membrane structure through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Further, DP1 was tested for its in vivo antimicrobial potential in an S. aureus-induced systemic infection model. KEY FINDINGS The results indicated that DP1 has the potential to inhibit the growth and proliferation of a broad spectrum of Gram-positive, Gram-negative and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. Strong bactericidal effect attributed to change in electrical conductivity of the bacterial cells leading to membrane disruption was observed through dielectric spectroscopy and FE-SEM micrographs. Further, in the in vivo murine systemic infection study, 50 % reduction in S. aureus bioburden was observed within 1 day of the administration of DP1. SIGNIFICANCE The results indicate that DP1 is a multifaceted peptide with potent bactericidal, antioxidant and therapeutic properties. It holds significance as a novel drug candidate to effectively combat S. aureus-mediated systemic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Maan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Shubhi Joshi
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Panchali Barman
- Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Avneet Saini
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India.
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Payra S, Manjhi PK, Singh S, Kumar R, Singh SK, Kumar A, Maharshi V. HIV cure: Are we going to make history? HIV Med 2024; 25:322-331. [PMID: 37821095 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is the mainstay for the treatment of people living with HIV/AIDS. cART can suppress the viral load to a minimal level; however, the possibility of the emergence of full-blown AIDS is always there. In the latter part of the first decade of the 21st century, an HIV-positive person received stem cell transplantation (SCT) for treatment of his haematological malignancy. The patient was able to achieve remission of the haematological condition as well as of HIV following SCT. Thorough investigations of various samples including blood and biopsy could not detect the virus in the person's body. The person was declared to be the first cured case of HIV. LITERATURE SEARCH Over the next decade, a few more similar cases were observed and have recently been declared cured of the infection. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane library and Google Scholar. Four such additional cases were found in literature. DESCRIPTION & DISCUSSION These cases all share a common proposed mechanism for the HIV cure, that is, transplantation of stem cells from donors carrying a homozygous mutation in a gene encoding for CCR5 (receptor utilized by HIV for entry into the host cell), denoted as CCR5△32. This mutation makes the host immune cells devoid of CCR5, causing the host to acquire resistance against HIV. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to look at relevant and updated information of all cured cases of HIV as well as the related landmarks in history and discusses the underlying mechanism(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvasree Payra
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Manjhi
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Shruti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Alok Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Vikas Maharshi
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
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Schultz CW, Zhang Y, Elmeskini R, Zimmermann A, Fu H, Murai Y, Wangsa D, Kumar S, Takahashi N, Atkinson D, Saha LK, Lee CF, Elenbaas B, Desai P, Sebastian R, Sharma AK, Abel M, Schroeder B, Krishnamurthy M, Bassel LL, Kumar R, Roper N, Aladjem M, Zenke FT, Ohler ZW, Pommier Y, Thomas A. Author Correction: ATR inhibition augments the efficacy of lurbinectedin in small-cell lung cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:664. [PMID: 38366163 PMCID: PMC10940574 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Schultz
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rajaa Elmeskini
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Astrid Zimmermann
- Merck KGaA, Biopharma R&D, Translational Innovation Platform Oncology, Frankfurter Street 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Haiqing Fu
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yasuhisa Murai
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Medical Oncology Branch, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Devon Atkinson
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Liton Kumar Saha
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chien-Fei Lee
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., Biopharma R&D, Translational Innovation Platform Oncology, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Brian Elenbaas
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., Biopharma R&D, Translational Innovation Platform Oncology, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Parth Desai
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Robin Sebastian
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ajit Kumar Sharma
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Melissa Abel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brett Schroeder
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Manan Krishnamurthy
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Laurel L Bassel
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nitin Roper
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mirit Aladjem
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Frank T Zenke
- Merck KGaA, Biopharma R&D, Translational Innovation Platform Oncology, Frankfurter Street 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Zoe Weaver Ohler
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anish Thomas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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22
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Kumar R, Bhadoria D, Kant R, Kumar A. Regio- and Stereoselective Intermolecular 1,2-Difunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes: An Approach to Access ( Z)-β-Amidovinylsulfones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2873-2884. [PMID: 38354303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
We have developed the first I2/base-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective intermolecular β-amidosulfonylation of terminal alkynes using sodium sulfinates and quinoxalinone derivatives. The present methodology is compatible with a broad spectrum of various heterocyclic amides, terminal alkynes, and sodium sulfinates. It provides rapid access to valuable (Z)-β-amidovinyl sulfones at mild conditions. Moreover, the synthetic application of this methodology was demonstrated by the late-stage functionalization of numerous bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, P.O. Box 173, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Deepak Bhadoria
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, P.O. Box 173, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, P.O. Box 173, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, P.O. Box 173, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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23
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Thakur S, Ankita, Dash S, Verma R, Kaur C, Kumar R, Mazumder A, Singh G. Understanding CFTR Functionality: A Comprehensive Review of Tests and Modulator Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:15-34. [PMID: 38048024 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It is caused by a mutation in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene on chromosome 7, which leads to abnormal regulation of chloride and bicarbonate ions in cells that line organs like the lungs and pancreas. The CFTR protein plays a crucial role in regulating chloride ion flow, and its absence or malfunction causes the production of thick mucus that affects several organs. There are more than 2000 identified mutations that are classified into seven categories based on their dysfunction mechanisms. In this article, we have conducted a thorough examination and consolidation of the diverse array of tests essential for the quantification of CFTR functionality. Furthermore, we have engaged in a comprehensive discourse regarding the recent advancements in CFTR modulator therapy, a pivotal approach utilized for the management of cystic fibrosis, alongside its concomitant relevance in evaluating CFTR functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorya Thakur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab, India
| | - Ankita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab, India
| | - Shubham Dash
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab, India
| | - Rupali Verma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab, India
| | - Charanjit Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab, India.
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24
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Hussain MS, Shaikh NK, Agrawal M, Tufail M, Bisht AS, Khurana N, Kumar R. Osteomyelitis and non-coding RNAS: A new dimension in disease understanding. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155186. [PMID: 38350169 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis, a debilitating bone infection, presents considerable clinical challenges due to its intricate etiology and limited treatment options. Despite strides in surgical and chemotherapeutic interventions, the treatment landscape for osteomyelitis remains unsatisfactory. Recent attention has focused on the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathogenesis and progression of osteomyelitis. This review consolidates current knowledge on the involvement of distinct classes of ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, in the context of osteomyelitis. Emerging evidence from various studies underscores the potential of ncRNAs in orchestrating gene expression and influencing the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, pivotal processes in bone formation. The review initiates by elucidating the regulatory functions of ncRNAs in fundamental cellular processes such as inflammation, immune response, and bone remodeling, pivotal in osteomyelitis pathology. It delves into the intricate network of interactions between ncRNAs and their target genes, illuminating how dysregulation contributes to the establishment and persistence of osteomyelitic infections. Understanding their regulatory roles may pave the way for targeted diagnostic tools and innovative therapeutic interventions, promising a paradigm shift in the clinical approach to this challenging condition. Additionally, we delve into the promising therapeutic applications of these molecules, envisioning novel diagnostic and treatment approaches to enhance the management of this challenging bone infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Nusrat K Shaikh
- Department of Quality Assurance, Smt. N. M. Padalia Pharmacy College, Ahmedabad, 382210 Gujarat, India
| | - Mohit Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram 122103, India
| | - Muhammad Tufail
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Ajay Singh Bisht
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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25
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Khan RU, Almakdi S, Alshehri M, Haq AU, Ullah A, Kumar R. An intelligent neural network model to detect red blood cells for various blood structure classification in microscopic medical images. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26149. [PMID: 38384569 PMCID: PMC10879026 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomedical image analysis plays a crucial role in enabling high-performing imaging and various clinical applications. For the proper diagnosis of blood diseases related to red blood cells, red blood cells must be accurately identified and categorized. Manual analysis is time-consuming and prone to mistakes. Analyzing multi-label samples, which contain clusters of cells, is challenging due to difficulties in separating individual cells, such as touching or overlapping cells. High-performance biomedical imaging and several medical applications are made possible by advanced biosensors. We develop an intelligent neural network model that can automatically identify and categorize red blood cells from microscopic medical images using region-based convolutional neural networks (RCNN) and cutting-edge biosensors. Our model successfully navigates obstacles like touching or overlapping cells and accurately recognizes various blood structures. Additionally, we utilized data augmentation as a pre-processing method on microscopic images to enhance the model's computational efficiency and expand the sample size. To refine the data and eliminate noise from the dataset, we utilized the Radial Gradient Index filtering algorithm for imaging data equalization. We exhibit improved detection accuracy and a reduced model loss rate when using medical imagery datasets to apply our proposed model in comparison to existing ResNet and GoogleNet models. Our model precisely detected red blood cells in a collection of medical images with 99% training accuracy and 91.21% testing accuracy. Our proposed model outperformed earlier models like ResNet-50 and GoogleNet by 10-15%. Our results demonstrated that Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted automated red blood cell detection has the potential to revolutionize and speed up blood cell analysis, minimizing human error and enabling early illness diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Ullah Khan
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Sultan Almakdi
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information systems, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshehri
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information systems, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin Ul Haq
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Aman Ullah
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
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26
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Das S, Parray HA, Chiranjivi AK, Kumar P, Goswami A, Bansal M, Rathore DK, Kumar R, Samal S. Correction: Kennedy Epitope (KE)-dependent Retrograde Transport of Efficiently Cleaved HIV-1 Envelopes (Envs) and its Effect on Env Cell Surface Expression and Viral Particle Formation. Protein J 2024:10.1007/s10930-023-10172-y. [PMID: 38407740 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-023-10172-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Supratik Das
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Research Program, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India.
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Hilal Ahmad Parray
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Research Program, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar Chiranjivi
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Research Program, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Prince Kumar
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Research Program, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Abhishek Goswami
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Research Program, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Bansal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Rathore
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Research Program, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology - Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Research Program, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
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27
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Kumar M, Kumar R, Singh CK, Kumar A. Identification of Playa Lakes and tracking their evolution pathways using geochemical models in the Great Indian Thar desert. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169250. [PMID: 38101640 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Playa Lakes of the great Indian Thar desert are unique and intricate systems with pronounced scientific and ecological significance. In this study, the combined use of geospatial and field data assisted in depicting and understanding the changes within these natural systems. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive dataset of Playa Lakes, which can help with an overall understanding of playas from a geochemical, ecological, and economic perspective. The 1163 surface depressions were accounted for as possible playas considering the threshold area of >5 km2. A total of 42 representative surface water samples were collected from the selected playas (Sambhar, Didwana, Pachpadra, and Pokhran) and hydrochemical analysis was carried out to identify the geochemical evolution of these playas. The major water types were Na-Cl and Na-Cl-SO4 type. Hardie and Eugster's model was used to explain the possible sequence of evolutionary pathways and brine shifts in the selected playas. Simulated evaporation modeling suggests precipitation of major evaporites (chlorides, carbonates, and sulphates) during progressive evaporation. Surface sediment analysis (X-ray diffraction) confirmed the presence of calcite, halite, and dolomite minerals in the playa sediments. The greatest economic value of these playas may be mineral production and providing food and habitat for migratory birds, though conservation and policy intervention is required for their sustainable utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India; Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Chander Kumar Singh
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi 110070, India
| | - Alok Kumar
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
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28
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Rani C, Kumar R. Fano-type discrete-continuum interaction in perovskites and its manifestation in Raman spectral line shapes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2115-2124. [PMID: 38284275 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05789e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Fano resonance is one of the most significant physical phenomena that correlates microscopic processes with macroscopic manifestations for experimental observations using different spectroscopic techniques. Owing to its importance, a focused study is required to clearly understand the origin of certain modifications in spectral behaviour, the nature of which is different for different materials. This means that a careful understanding of Fano interactions can enhance the understanding of several technologically important materials, including perovskites, which are also important in the area of energy storage and conversion. In semiconductors and nano materials (including 2-D materials), Fano interactions occur due to the intervalence or interconduction band transitions. However, in perovskites, Fano interactions are dominated by the interaction between polar phonons or excitons with electronic continuum. Raman spectroscopy, being a sensitive and non-destructive tool, detects subtle scale phenomena, such as Fano interactions, by analysing the Raman line shape. Herein, different dimensions associated with the identification and thereafter the origin of the Fano resonance in perovskites, which are used in energy related areas, have been highlighted using Raman scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Rani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan-48109, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol-453552, India.
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29
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Kumar D, Kumar R, Chaurasiya R. Janus HfSSe monolayer: a promising candidate for SO 2and COCl 2gas sensing. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:195501. [PMID: 38286014 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Janus monolayers based on transition metal dichalcogenides have garnered significant interest as potential materials for nano electronic device applications due to their exceptional physical and electronic properties. In this study, we investigate the stability of the Janus HfSSe monolayer usingab initiomolecular dynamics simulations and analyze the electronic properties in its pristine state. We then examine the impact of adsorbing toxic gas molecules (AsH3, COCl2, NH3, NO2, and SO2) on the monolayer's structure and electronic properties, testing their adsorption on different active sites on top of hafnium, selenium, and sulfur. The sensitivity of the gas molecules is quantified in terms of their adsorption energy, with the highest and lowest energies being observed for SO2(-0.278 eV) and NO2(-0.095 eV), respectively. Additionally, we calculate other properties such as recovery time, adsorption height, Bader charge, and charge difference density to determine the sensitivity and selectivity of the toxic gas molecules. Our findings suggest that the Janus HfSSe monolayer has the potential to function as SO2and COCl2gas sensor due to its high sensitivity for these two gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalip Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan ROC
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Rajneesh Chaurasiya
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai 601103, India
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30
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Sharma S, Kumar R, Yadav RM. Polyacrylonitrile as a versatile matrix for gold nanoparticle-based SERS substrates. Nanoscale Adv 2024; 6:1065-1073. [PMID: 38356638 PMCID: PMC10863703 DOI: 10.1039/d3na01112g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
As an effective and ultrasensitive molecule detection technique, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) needs efficient and highly responsive substrates to further enhance its sensitivity and utility. In this work, the preparation and characterisation of polyacrylonitrile/gold nanoparticle (PAN/AuNPs) composite porous films have been described for SERS-based detection of methylene blue (MB) dye. The PAN/AuNPs composite films were prepared with a simple dip coating technique, yielding a highly porous structure with uniformly dispersed Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a linked pore network within the films. In X-ray diffraction (XRD), the characteristic crystal peak of AuNP clusters was observed, proving the presence of AuNPs in the composite. UV-vis absorption spectra also indicated the existence of the AuNPs. The methylene blue (MB) dye has been detected using PAN/AuNPs composite SERS substrates. These substrates showed excellent sensitivity by detecting 50 nM dye concentration and enhancing the Raman peak intensity at 1622 cm-1. The SERS enhancement factor (EF) for MB detection was determined to be around 106, demonstrating the remarkable sensitivity of the PAN/AuNPs composite porous films. The findings demonstrate the enormous potential of PAN/AuNPs composite porous films as reliable SERS substrates, displaying their efficacy in detecting trace levels of analytes in chemical and biological sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Sharma
- Department of Physics, VSSD College, CSJM University Kanpur 208002 U.P. India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur 208016 U.P. India
| | - Ram Manohar Yadav
- Department of Physics, VSSD College, CSJM University Kanpur 208002 U.P. India
- Department of Physics, University of Allahabad Prayagraj 211002 U.P. India
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31
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Borthakur D, Ansari MA, Rani N, Kumar R, Baxla M. A rare case of multiple visceral vascular variations around the kidneys: morphological and clinical aspects. J Vasc Bras 2024; 23:e20230120. [PMID: 38487514 PMCID: PMC10939177 DOI: 10.1590/1677-5449.202301202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta is important information for planning any surgeries in the region. We present here a rare constellation of variations of visceral vessels around the kidneys with a brief review of the recent literature. On the right side, an accessory renal artery was observed originating just distal to the main renal artery. The middle suprarenal artery was absent on the right side and there were two inferior suprarenal arteries originating from a branch of the main right renal artery. On the left side, the testicular artery had an arched course anterior to the left renal vein mimicking an unusual variety of nutcracker phenomenon. The right kidney was drained by two renal veins into the inferior vena cava. Knowledge of the coexistence of such complex anatomical variations might be helpful for clinicians during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Neerja Rani
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences – AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences – AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
| | - Monica Baxla
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences – AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
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32
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Kakade NR, Kumar R, Sharma SD, Sapra BK. Dosimetry audit in advanced radiotherapy using in-house developed anthropomorphic head & neck phantom. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:025022. [PMID: 38269653 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of head and neck (H&N) cancer presents formidable challenges due to the involvement of normal tissue and organs at risk (OARs) in the close vicinity. Ensuring the precise administration of the prescribed dose demands prior dose verification. Considering contour irregularity and heterogeneity in the H&N region, an anthropomorphic and heterogeneous H&N phantom was developed and fabricated locally for conducting the dosimetry audit in advanced radiotherapy treatments. This specialized phantom emulates human anatomy and incorporates a removable cylindrical insert housing a C-shaped planning target volume (PTV) alongside key OARs including the spinal cord, oral cavity, and bilateral parotid glands. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) was chosen for PTV and parotid fabrication, while Delrin was adopted for spinal cord fabrication. A pivotal feature of this phantom is the incorporation of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) within the PTV and OARs, enabling the measurement of delivered dose. To execute the dosimetry audit, the phantom, accompanied by dosimeters and comprehensive guidelines, was disseminated to multiple radiotherapy centers. Subsequently, hospital physicists acquired computed tomography (CT) scans to generate treatment plans for phantom irradiation. The treatment planning system (TPS) computed the anticipated dose distribution within the phantom, and post-irradiation TLD readings yielded actual dose measurements. The TPS calculated and TLD measured dose values at most of the locations inside the PTV were found comparable within ± 4%. The outcomes affirm the suitability of the developed anthropomorphic H&N phantom for precise dosimetry audits of advanced radiotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin R Kakade
- Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - S D Sharma
- Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400094, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - B K Sapra
- Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400094, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai-400094, India
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Bijarnia A, Tetarwal JP, Gupta AK, Bijarnia AL, Yadav RK, Ram B, Kumawat R, Choudhary M, Kumar R, Singh D. Alleviating summer heat stress in cowpea-baby corn intercropping with stress-reducing chemicals and fertility variations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3020. [PMID: 38321045 PMCID: PMC10847103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past century, the average surface temperature and recurrent heatwaves have been steadily rising, especially during the summer season, which is affecting the yield potential of most food crops. Hence, diversification in cropping systems with suitable fertilizer management is an urgent need to ensure high yield potential during the summer season. Since intercropping has emerged as an important strategy to increase food production, the present study comprises five intercropping systems in the main plot (sole cowpea, sole baby corn, cowpea + baby corn in 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 row ratio), three levels of fertilizer viz. 100 (N20 P40), 125 (N25 P50), and 150% (N30 P60) recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) in the subplot, along with two stress-mitigating chemicals (0.5% CaCl2 and 1% KNO3) in the sub-sub plots. A split-split plot system with four replications was established to carry out the field experiment. The effect of intercropping, fertilizer levels, and stress-mitigating chemicals on crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), plant temperature, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll content of cowpea and baby corn, as well as cowpea equivalent yield (CEY), was investigated during the summer seasons of 2019 and 2020. The experiment was conducted at Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), India. Results showed that CGR, RGR, RWC and chlorophyll content of both crops and CEY were maximum under intercropping of cowpea and baby corn in a 2:1 row ratio compared to other intercropping systems. However, the plant temperature of both crops was significantly lower under this system. CEY, CGR, RGR, and chlorophyll content were considerably greater in the subplots with a fertilizer application of 150% RDF compared to lower levels of fertilizer (100 and 125% RDF). Our findings further show that foliar application of CaCl2 0.5% at the flowering and pod-developing stages of cowpea dramatically boosted CEY, CGR, RGR, RWC, and chlorophyll content of both crops and lowered the plant temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Bijarnia
- Department of Agronomy, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India.
| | - J P Tetarwal
- Department of Agronomy, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil Kumar Gupta
- Department of Plant-Physiology, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Arjun Lal Bijarnia
- Department of Agrostology, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Baldev Ram
- Department of Agronomy, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Roshan Kumawat
- Department of Agronomy, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Monika Choudhary
- Department of Agronomy, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Plant-Physiology, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Singh
- Division of Sample Surveys, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Umar A, Akbar S, Kumar R, Ahmed F, Ansari SA, Ibrahim AA, Alhamami MA, Almehbad N, Algadi H, Almas T, Zeng W. Unveiling the potential of PANI@MnO 2@rGO ternary nanocomposite in energy storage and gas sensing. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140657. [PMID: 38000555 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of advanced materials for energy storage and gas sensing applications has gained significant attention in recent years. In this study, we synthesized and characterized PANI@MnO2@rGO ternary nanocomposites (NCs) to explore their potential in supercapacitors and gas sensing devices. The ternary NCs were synthesized through a multi-step process involving the hydrothermal synthesis of MnO2 nanoparticles, preparation of PANI@rGO composites and the assembly to the ternary PANI@MnO2@rGO ternary NCs. The structural, morphological, and compositional characteristics of the materials were thoroughly analyzed using techniques such as XRD, FESEM, TEM, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. In the realm of gas sensing, the ternary NCs exhibited excellent performance as NH3 gas sensors. The optimized operating temperature of 100 °C yielded a peak response of 15.56 towards 50 ppm NH3. The nanocomposites demonstrated fast response and recovery times of 6 s and 10 s, respectively, and displayed remarkable selectivity for NH3 gas over other tested gases. For supercapacitor applications, the electrochemical performance of the ternary NCs was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques. The composites exhibited pseudocapacitive behavior, with the capacitance reaching up to 185 F/g at 1 A/g and excellent capacitance retention of approximately 88.54% over 4000 charge-discharge cycles. The unique combination of rGO, PANI, and MnO2 nanoparticles in these ternary NCs offer synergistic advantages, showcasing their potential to address challenges in energy storage and gas sensing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Umar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA.
| | - Sheikh Akbar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Jagdish Chandra DAV College, Dasuya, Punjab, 144205, India
| | - Faheem Ahmed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box-400, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025
| | - Sajid Ali Ansari
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box-400, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen A Alhamami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Almehbad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Algadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tubia Almas
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wen Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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Kumar R, Pippal PS, Chauhan A, Singh RP, Kumar R, Singh A, Singh J. Dynamics of land, ocean, and atmospheric parameters associated with Tauktae cyclone. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:12561-12576. [PMID: 38180655 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
During the pre- and post-monsoon season, the eastern and western coasts are highly vulnerable to cyclones. The tropical cyclone "Tauktae" formed in the Arabian Sea on 14 May 2021 and moved along the west coast of India, and landfall occurred on 17 May 2021. During the cyclone, the maximum wind speed was 220 km/h with a pressure of 935 mb affecting meteorological, atmospheric parameters, and weather conditions of the northern and central parts of India causing devastating damage. Analysis of satellite, Argo, and ground data show pronounced changes in the oceanic, atmospheric, and meteorological parameters associated during the formation and landfall of the cyclone. During cyclone generation (before landfall), the air temperature (AT) was maximum (30.51 °C), and winds (220 km/h) were strong with negative omega values (0.3). The relative humidity (RH) and rainfall (RF) were observed to be higher at the location of the cyclone formation in the ocean and over the landfall location, with an average value of 81.28% and 21.45 mm/day, respectively. The concentration of total column ozone (TCO), CO volume mixing ratio (COVMR), H2O mass mixing ratio (H2O MMR), aerosol parameters (AOD, AE) and air quality parameter (PM) was increased over land and along the cyclone track, leading to a deterioration in the air quality. The strong wind mixes the air mass from the surroundings to the local anthropogenic emissions, and causing strong mixing of the aerosols. The detailed results show a pronounced change in the ocean, land, meteorological, and atmospheric parameters showing a strong land-ocean-atmosphere coupling associated with the cyclone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Prity Singh Pippal
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India.
| | - Akshansha Chauhan
- AIRMO GmbH, Claude-Dornier-Str 1, Building 401, 82234, Wessling, Germany
| | - Ramesh P Singh
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Atar Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Jagvir Singh
- Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Prithvi Bhawan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India
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Kumar R, Pippal PS, Chauhan A, Singh RP, Kumar R, Singh A, Singh J. Correction to: Dynamics of land, ocean, and atmospheric parameters associated with Tauktae cyclone. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:16106. [PMID: 38233714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Prity Singh Pippal
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India.
| | - Akshansha Chauhan
- AIRMO GmbH, Claude-Dornier-Str 1, Building 401, 82234, Wessling, Germany
| | - Ramesh P Singh
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Atar Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Jagvir Singh
- Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Prithvi Bhawan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India
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Kaur S, Kumar R, Lakshmi PV, Kaur M. Effectiveness of a school-based behavioural change intervention in reducing chronic disease risk factors in Chandigarh, India: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2024; 21:100353. [PMID: 38312946 PMCID: PMC10832458 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Early behavioural risk factors such as unbalanced diets, physical inactivity and tobacco and alcohol consumption lead to chronic diseases in later life. We conducted a cluster-randomised controlled trial to measure the effect of a school-based health-promotion intervention in reducing the behavioural risk factors of chronic diseases. Methods Twelve public schools in the Chandigarh, India were randomised to the intervention and control arm. Adolescents studying in eighth grade (n = 453), their parents (n = 395) and teachers (n = 94) were recruited for the current study. The Precede-Proceed Model was followed for intervention development. Intervention in each cluster comprised of one classroom session, four physical activity (PA) sessions every week for adolescents and four separate sessions for parents and teachers. Primary outcomes were eight binary or continuous measures of behavioural risk factors among adolescents (n = 359). Physical Activity Questionnaire-Adolescents (PAQ-A) scores were used to estimate physical activity. The ANCOVA based on cluster proportions or means was used to estimate the intervention effect accounting for baseline data. Findings Among adolescents, the intervention reduced salt intake by 0.5 g/d (95% CI: -0.9, -0.1), proportion of current alcohol users by 5% (95% CI: -9, -0.007), and increased fruit consumption by 18 g/d (95% CI: 5, 30) and PA by 0.2 PAQ-A score (95% CI: 0.07, 0.3). However, the intervention had no effect on the sugar and vegetable intake and on smokers and tobacco chewers. Exploratory analysis revealed that among parents, PA increased by 205 metabolic equivalents task (MET) units (95% CI: 74.5, 336), fruits intake by 20 g/d (95% CI: 6, 34), and vegetable intake by 117 g/d (95% CI: 50.5, 183). Whereas salt consumption decreased by 0.5 g/d (95% CI: 0.15, 0.9) and the proportion of current alcohol users declined by 5% (95% CI: 9, -1) among parents. Vegetable consumption increased by 149 g/d (95% CI: 12, 286) among teachers. Interpretation The intervention package implemented among adolescents by involving parents and teachers is an effective model for school-based behaviour-change interventions. Funding MK received partial funding from the George Institute for Global Health, Hyderabad, India for the salt-reduction component of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Pinnaka V.M. Lakshmi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Massa A, Isasi-Fuster A, Requena C, Manrique-Silva E, Kumar R, Nagore E. Nodular type but not vitamin D levels increases the risk of second primary cancers in melanoma patients: An observational study of 663 patients. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:143-149. [PMID: 37832865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency associates with the risk of developing many diseases, including cancer. At the molecular level, vitamin D appears to have an antineoplastic effect. However, the role of vitamin D deficiency in cancer pathogenesis remains unelucidated and numerous studies have resulted in discordant results. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency during melanoma diagnosis increases the risk of developing non-cutaneous second primary cancers (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study on 663 patients diagnosed with melanoma between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2022. The effect of each variable on the development of a subsequent non-cutaneous cancer was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and differences were assessed by log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard univariate and multivariate models were used to quantify the effect of each variable in the time to develop a non-cutaneous neoplasia. RESULTS Out of 663 patients, 34 developed a non-cutaneous SPC. There was no statistically significant association between vitamin D levels and non-cutaneous SPC development (log-rank, p=0.761). Age>60 years, stage III/IV, and nodular melanoma subtype were significantly associated with the development of a SPC. After multivariate analysis, only age>60 years (HR 3.4; HR CI 95%: 1.5-7.6) and nodular melanoma subtype (HR 2.2; HR CI 95%: 1.0-4.8) were included in the final model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of developing non-cutaneous SPC in melanoma patients. However, age over 60 years and nodular melanoma subtype increase the risk for non-cutaneous SPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Massa
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Isasi-Fuster
- School of Medicine, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain
| | - C Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - E Manrique-Silva
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - R Kumar
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Nagore
- School of Medicine, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain; Department of Dermatology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain.
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Sharma P, Kapoor B, Hussain MS, Singh G, Rani P, Saini B, Wadhwa P, Kumar R. Development and Validation of Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Doxorubicin and Clotrimazole. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:86-96. [PMID: 38150558 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed to analyze the simultaneous estimation of doxorubicin and clotrimazole. The method was achieved by Nucleodur C18 column with dimension 250 × 4.6 mm (5 μm) using gradient elution. The mobile phase contained 0.2% formic acid (pH 3.2) and acetonitrile. The flow rate was kept at 1.0 mL/min and detection and quantitation of both drugs (doxorubicin and clotrimazole) were achieved using a photodiode array detector at 276 nm, which was the isosbestic point for both drugs. The proposed method was validated according to the current International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. The developed method showed a linear response (R2 > 0.999), and was accurate (recoveries 97%-103%), precise (resolution ≤1.0%), sensitive, and specific. Thus, the developed RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of both drugs was successfully validated and can be utilized for the estimation of these drugs in the formulations being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Rani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Balraj Saini
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Massa A, Isasi-Fuster A, Requena C, Manrique-Silva E, Kumar R, Nagore E. Nodular Type but Not Vitamin D Levels Increases the Risk of Second Primary Cancers in Melanoma Patients: An Observational Study of 663 Patients. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:T143-T149. [PMID: 38048949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency associates with the risk of developing many diseases, including cancer. At the molecular level, vitamin D appears to have an antineoplastic effect. However, the role of vitamin D deficiency in cancer pathogenesis remains unelucidated and numerous studies have resulted in discordant results. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency during melanoma diagnosis increases the risk of developing non-cutaneous second primary cancers (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study on 663 patients diagnosed with melanoma between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2022. The effect of each variable on the development of a subsequent non-cutaneous cancer was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and differences were assessed by log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard univariate and multivariate models were used to quantify the effect of each variable in the time to develop a non-cutaneous neoplasia. RESULTS Out of 663 patients, 34 developed a non-cutaneous SPC. There was no statistically significant association between vitamin D levels and non-cutaneous SPC development (log-rank, p=0.761). Age>60 years, stage III/IV, and nodular melanoma subtype were significantly associated with the development of a SPC. After multivariate analysis, only age>60 years (HR 3.4; HR CI 95%: 1.5-7.6) and nodular melanoma subtype (HR 2.2; HR CI 95%: 1.0-4.8) were included in the final model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of developing non-cutaneous SPC in melanoma patients. However, age over 60 years and nodular melanoma subtype increase the risk for non-cutaneous SPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Massa
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Isasi-Fuster
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain
| | - C Requena
- Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - E Manrique-Silva
- Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - R Kumar
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Nagore
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain; Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain.
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Umar A, Akbar S, Kumar R, Amu-Darko JNO, Hussain S, Ibrahim AA, Alhamami MA, Almehbad N, Almas T, Seliem AF. Ce-doped ZnO nanostructures: A promising platform for NO 2 gas sensing. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140838. [PMID: 38043612 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
In this comprehensive study, Ce-doped ZnO nanostructures were hydrothermally synthesized with varying Ce concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) to explore their gas-sensing capabilities, particularly towards NO2. Structural characterization revealed that as Ce doping increased, crystal size exhibited a slight increment while band gap energies decreased. Notably, the 0.5% Ce-doped ZnO nanostructure demonstrated the highest NO2 gas response of 8.6, underscoring the significance of a delicate balance between crystal size and band gap energy for optimal sensing performance. The selectivity of the 0.5% Ce-doped ZnO nanostructures to NO2 over other gases like H2, acetone, NH3, and CO at a concentration of 100 ppm and an optimized temperature of 250 °C was exceptional, highlighting its discriminatory prowess even in the presence of potential interfering gases. Furthermore, the sensor displayed reliability and reversibility during five consecutive tests, showcasing consistent performance. Long-term stability testing over 30 days revealed that the gas response remained almost constant, indicating the sensor's remarkable durability. In addition to its robustness against humidity variations, maintaining effectiveness even at 41% humidity, the sensor exhibited impressive response and recovery times. While the response time was swift at 11.8 s, the recovery time was slightly prolonged at 56.3 s due to the strong adsorption of NO2 molecules onto the sensing material hindering the desorption process. The study revealed the intricate connection between Ce-doping levels, structure, and gas-sensing. It highlighted the 0.5% Ce-doped ZnO nanostructure as a highly selective, reliable, and durable NO2 gas sensor, with implications for future environmental monitoring and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Umar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA.
| | - Sheikh Akbar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Jagdish Chandra DAV College, Dasuya, Punjab 144205, India
| | | | - Shahid Hussain
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ahmed A Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen A Alhamami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Almehbad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tubia Almas
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Seliem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Shardha HK, Kumar G, Sagar, Kumar R, Qazi MA, Munir S, Tariq W, Maheshwari P, Kumar B, Tahir MJ, Shrateh ON, Ahmed A. Perceptions of telemedicine among healthcare professionals in rural tertiary care hospitals of rural Sindh, Pakistan: a qualitative study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:726-733. [PMID: 38333274 PMCID: PMC10849444 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Telemedicine has proven to be a boon in the field of medical sciences, as it provides a platform for all health-care personnel to assist patients remotely through digital technology advancements. It brings hope to the lower middle-income regions of the world. Thus, the study was conducted to explore the perceptions regarding telemedicine among healthcare professionals (HCP) in rural Sindh, Pakistan. Methodology Overall, 19 in-depth interviews were conducted and this comprised of HCP working in the Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences (PAQSJIMS) and Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women (PUMHSW) being involved in providing online consultations and practicing telemedicine. The interviews were conducted and audio recorded in Sindhi and Urdu and were later transcribed in to English, coded for themes and sub-themes, and were analyzed using content analysis. Results The opportunities perceived with the use of telemedicine services were reducing nosocomial infections, facilitating the healthcare in remote areas, handling telemedicine tools, application of telemedicine services on the ground and reducing stress. However, inadequate awareness regarding telemedicine, difficulty in physical examination, the need for training, lack of compliance, and concerns regarding accuracy in diagnosis and treatment were identified as the perceived barriers to the use of telemedicine services. Conclusion HCP had perception toward telemedicine as have numerous opportunities favoring implementation as well as various barriers are needed to overcome to promote the usage of telemedicine. Increased awareness, training programs, and technological advancements are key to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grouve Kumar
- Gambat Medical College, Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences, Gambat
| | - Sagar
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Institute of Trauma, Karachi
| | - Mansoor A. Qazi
- Gambat Medical College, Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences, Gambat
| | - Saqib Munir
- Khwaja Muhammad Safdar Medical college, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - Oadi N. Shrateh
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Ali Ahmed
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad
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Maikhuri VK, Mathur D, Chaudhary A, Kumar R, Parmar VS, Singh BK. Transition-Metal Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrimidines: Recent Advances, Mechanism, Scope and Future Perspectives. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:4. [PMID: 38296918 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Pyrimidine is a pharmacologically important moiety that exhibits diverse biological activities. This review reflects the growing significance of transition metal-catalyzed reactions for the synthesis of pyrimidines (with no discussion being made on the transition metal-catalyzed functionalization of pyrimidines). The effect of different catalysts on the selectivity/yields of pyrimidines and catalyst recyclability (wherever applicable) are described, together with attempts to illustrate the role of the catalyst through mechanisms. Although several methods have been researched for synthesizing this privileged scaffold, there has been a considerable push to expand transition metal-catalyzed, sustainable, efficient and selective synthetic strategies leading to pyrimidines. The aim of the authors with this update (2017-2023) is to drive the designing of new transition metal-mediated protocols for pyrimidine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin K Maikhuri
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Mathur
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Ankita Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, R.D.S College, B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India
| | - Virinder S Parmar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
- Nanoscience Program, CUNY Graduate Center and Department of Chemistry, City College & Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Brajendra K Singh
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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Mandl A, Jasmine S, Krueger T, Kumar R, Coleman IM, Dalrymple SL, Antony L, Rosen DM, Jing Y, Hanratty B, Patel RA, Jin-Yih L, Dias J, Celatka CA, Tapper AE, Kleppe M, Kanayama M, Speranzini V, Wang YZ, Luo J, Corey E, Sena LA, Casero RA, Lotan T, Trock BJ, Kachhap SK, Denmeade SR, Carducci MA, Mattevi A, Haffner MC, Nelson PS, Rienhoff HY, Isaacs JT, Brennen WN. LSD1 inhibition suppresses ASCL1 and de-represses YAP1 to drive potent activity against neuroendocrine prostate cancer. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.17.576106. [PMID: 38328141 PMCID: PMC10849473 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.576106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1 or KDM1A ) has emerged as a critical mediator of tumor progression in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Among mCRPC subtypes, neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an exceptionally aggressive variant driven by lineage plasticity, an adaptive resistance mechanism to androgen receptor axis-targeted therapies. Our study shows that LSD1 expression is elevated in NEPC and associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. Using genetic approaches, we validated the on-target effects of LSD1 inhibition across various models. We investigated the therapeutic potential of bomedemstat, an orally bioavailable, irreversible LSD1 inhibitor with low nanomolar potency. Our findings demonstrate potent antitumor activity against CRPC models, including tumor regressions in NEPC patient-derived xenografts. Mechanistically, our study uncovers that LSD1 inhibition suppresses the neuronal transcriptional program by downregulating ASCL1 through disrupting LSD1:INSM1 interactions and de-repressing YAP1 silencing. Our data support the clinical development of LSD1 inhibitors for treating CRPC - especially the aggressive NE phenotype. Statement of Significance Neuroendocrine prostate cancer presents a clinical challenge due to the lack of effective treatments. Our research demonstrates that bomedemstat, a potent and selective LSD1 inhibitor, effectively combats neuroendocrine prostate cancer by downregulating the ASCL1- dependent NE transcriptional program and re-expressing YAP1.
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Karn SL, Bhartiya SK, Pratap A, Saroj SK, Kumar R, Sahu M, Gangwar M, Nath G. A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Trial of Bacteriophage Cocktails in Chronic Wound Infections. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2024:15347346231226342. [PMID: 38233034 DOI: 10.1177/15347346231226342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic wounds are prevalent globally at endemic proportions. The common features associated with chronic wounds are prolonged inflammatory phase, infection with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, and subsequent biofilm formation. The present randomized-controlled trial (RCT) study was undertaken on chronic wounds of ≥6 weeks longer duration using customized phages to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bacteriophage therapy. METHODS The study was conducted from December 2021 to August 2023. Thirty patients in each of the arms (placebo and bacteriophage) were recruited with chronic wounds. The patients, both arms, received the conventional treatment of wound debridement, local antiseptics, and local and systemic antibiotics at the discretion of the treating surgeon. However, before applying the customized bacteriophage cocktail or placebo, the wound surface was thoroughly washed to remove the residual antiseptics. The phage cocktails or placebo were applied on alternate days. The wounds were evaluated using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool for the progress of wound healing. RESULTS A total of 93.3% of the wound became sterile in 39 days (median sterility time), followed by complete healing by the end of 90 days in the phage group. Contrary to this, 83.3% of those on placebo therapy remained colonized by original bacteria or additional new bacteria without healing for up to 90 days. CONCLUSION With the well-designed RCT, we could conclude that customized bacteriophage therapy using bacteriophage cocktails will definitely cure the chronic wound, irrespective of age, sex, diabetes status, and infection by MDR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Lal Karn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi India
| | - Arvind Pratap
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Saroj
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Minakshi Sahu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mayank Gangwar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Gopal Nath
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Tanuj, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kalra N, Sharma S, Singh A. Exploitation of green synthesized chromium doped zinc oxide nanorods (NRs) mediated by flower extract of Rhododendron arboreum for highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of cationic dyes Malachite green (MG) and Fuchsin basic (FB). Int J Phytoremediation 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38226539 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2300406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
In this work, green method to synthesize chromium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) using an aqueous flower extract from Rhododendron arboretum is explored. Herein, chromium-doped ZnO NRs were prepared with different amount of chromium doping, varied as 2-10%. The green synthesized products underwent substantial analysis through X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic such as ultraviolet spectroscopy(UV-Vis) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. All samples were found to have hexagonal wurtzite ZnO, with average particle sizes of 52.41, 56.6, 54.44, 53.05, and 56.99 nm, respectively, for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% chromium doping in ZnO NRs. The Cr-doped ZnO NRs exhibited remarkable photocatalytic degradation activity of cationic dyes under UV-light, i.e., Malachite Green and Fuchsin Basic with degradation of 99.604 and 99.881%, respectively in 90 min. The reusability tests for these green synthesized Cr-doped ZnO NRs have also been carried out, showed 9-11 cycles with 85% of degradation efficiency. In addition, the Cr-doped ZnO NRs exhibited high selectivity for cationic dyes when experiments against mixture of dyes were performed. Photodegradation kinetics followed the pseudo-first-order model. The flower-extract-stabilized chromium-doped ZnO NRs demonstrated high photocatalytic activity toward malachite green and fuchsin basic dyes, potential material for pollution remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuj
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, HP, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, HP, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, HP, India
| | - Neerja Kalra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Ateli, Haryana, India
| | - Subhash Sharma
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, B.C, México
| | - Amritpal Singh
- Department of Pure of Applied Chemistry, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Kotwal P, Jasrotia R, Vidya Nidhi A, Ahmed J, Thakur S, Kandwal A, Fazil M, Alshehri SM, Ahmad T, Verma A, Sharma N, Kumar R. Photo/electro catalytic green hydrogen production promoted by Ga modified Co 0.6Cu 0.4Fe 2O 4 nano catalysts. Environ Res 2024; 241:117669. [PMID: 37980993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The current work concentrates on the fabrication of Ga doped Co0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 nanocatalysts via sol-gel auto-combustion (SGA) for the production of green and sustainable source of energy i.e., hydrogen through photocatalytic and electrocatalytic routes. Single-phased cubic crystal structure with Fd3m geometry was observed through XRD patterns. FESEM images show the aggregated and spherical shaped grains with distinct grain boundaries and average grain size of 1.04 and 1.39 μm for the Co0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4, and Co0.6Cu0.4Ga0.02Fe1.98O4 nanomaterials. Soft magnetic behaviour with a coercivity (Hc) and saturation magnetization (Ms) of 235.32-357.26 Oe and 54.65-61.11 emu/g was obtained for the produced nanomaterials. The estimation of photocatalytic nature for generating H2 was conducted using the sacrificial agents i.e., 0.128 M Na2S and 0.079 M Na2SO3. The analysis focused on measuring the maximum H2 generation was achieved by photocatalysts throughout three consecutive 4-h cycles. Out of all compositions, Co0.6Cu0.4Ga0.02Fe1.98O4 nanomaterial have the highest photocatalytic activity of 16.71 mmol gcat-1. However, the electrocatalytic behaviour of prepared Co0.6Cu0.4GaxFe2-xO4 (x = 0.00-0.03) electrocatalysts were determined for HER (Hydrogen evolution reaction) reaction. The overpotential values of Co0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4, Co0.6Cu0.4Ga0.01Fe1.99O4, Co0.6Cu0.4Ga0.02Fe1.98O4, and Co0.6Cu0.4Ga0.03Fe1.97O4 catalysts at 10 mA cm-2 were -0.81, -0.85, -1.03, and 1.21 V, correspondingly. Thus, at cathode current density of 10 mA/cm-2, an elevation in overpotential was noted, which indicates that the undoped Co0.6Cu0.4Fe2O4 (x = 0.00) electrocatalyst have remarkable electrocatalytic HER activity. Consequently, owing to photo/electro catalytic water splitting traits, the prepared catalysts are highly efficient for the green hydrogen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinki Kotwal
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Shoolini University, Bajhol, Solan, H.P., India; Govt. MAM College, Jammu, India
| | - Rohit Jasrotia
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Shoolini University, Bajhol, Solan, H.P., India; Himalayan Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology, Shoolini University, Bajhol, Solan, H.P., India.
| | | | - Jahangeer Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanchit Thakur
- M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P, 173229, India
| | - Abhishek Kandwal
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Shoolini University, Bajhol, Solan, H.P., India; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Mohd Fazil
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tokeer Ahmad
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ankit Verma
- Faculty of Science and Technology, ICFAI University, Baddi, H.P., India
| | - Naresh Sharma
- Govt. Degree College for Women, Kathua, J & K, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Sardar Patel University, Mandi, HP, 175001, India.
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Kumar S, Verma M, Hajam YA, Kumar R. Honey infused with herbs: A boon to cure pathological diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23302. [PMID: 38163184 PMCID: PMC10755321 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Healing with herbs has been a common practice for ages. Nowadays, various infectious diseases like malaria, flu, hepatitis B; COVID-19, etc. are commonly spreading around the world as a consequence of environmental pollution and related consequences. These diseases are not well controlled by the present drug treatment. Antibiotics are failing because of bacterial resistance. Although people believe that herbal medicines are more effective and safer. Therefore, traditional herbal remedies have been recommended for treatment purposes throughout the world. They are often used in combination, fused with honey, or alone for curing different types of ailments. Today, modern formulations of these medicines exist in the form of capsules, tablets, powders, and granules. In several traditional systems, 'Honey' is recommended as a natural medicine that improves several health conditions. In 'Ayurveda', honey is considered a most precious and miraculous product of nature and is used to treat various diseases either alone or after its infusion with herbs. It is a natural, antioxidant-rich, and highly nutritious food that is widely used as a natural sweetener without any side effects. It has antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. It also proves fruitful in managing/curing various disorders like colds, coughs, cancer, diabetes, wound healing, and cardiovascular disorders. Honey infused with herbs is also used to repair wounds, diabetes, lymphedema, and the prevention of chronic venomous diseases as a part of the folk medicinal system. The current article aims to analyse the medicinal efficiency of honey infused with herbs for curing/managing/treating various types of ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, H.P., 171005, India
| | - Mamta Verma
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, H.P., 171005, India
| | - Younis Ahmad Hajam
- Department of Life Sciences and Allied Health Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, H.P., 171005, India
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Srivastava P, Naja M, Bhardwaj P, Kumar R, Rajwar MC, Seshadri TR. Utilising BC observations to estimate CO contributions from fossil fuel and biomass burning in the Central Himalayan region. Environ Pollut 2024; 341:122975. [PMID: 37992951 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The Himalayan region is adversely affected by the increasing anthropogenic emissions from the adjacent Indo-Gangetic plain. However, source apportionment studies for the Himalayan region that are crucial for estimating CO concentration, are grossly insufficient, to say the least. It is in this context that our study reported here assumes significance. This study utilizes five years (2014-2018) of ground-based observations of eBC and multiple linear regression framework (MLR) to estimate CO and segregate its fossil fuel and biomass emission fractions at a high-altitude (1958 m) site in the Central Himalayas. The results show that MERRA2 always underestimates the observed CO; MOPITT has a high monthly difference ranging from -32% to +57% while WRF-Chem simulations underestimate CO from February to June and overestimate in other months. In contrast, CO estimated from MLR replicates diurnal and monthly variations and estimates CO with an r2 > 0.8 for 2014-2017. The CO predicted during 2018 closely follows the observed variations, and its mixing ratios lie within ±17% of the observed CO. The results reveal a unimodal diurnal variation of CO, COff (ff: fossil fuel) and CObb (bb: biomass burning) governed by the boundary layer evolution and upslope winds. COff has a higher diurnal amplitude (39.1-67.8 ppb) than CObb (5.7-33.5 ppb). Overall, COff is the major contributor (27%) in CO after its background fraction (58%). CObb fraction reaches a maximum (28%) during spring, a period of increased agricultural and forest fires in Northern India. In comparison, WRF-Chem tracer runs underestimate CObb (-38% to -98%) while they overestimate the anthropogenic CO during monsoon. This study thus attempts to address the lack of continuous CO monitoring and the need to segregate its fossil fuel and biomass sources, specifically over the Central Himalayas, by employing a methodology that utilizes the existing network of eBC observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Srivastava
- National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | - M Naja
- Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital, 263001, India.
| | - P Bhardwaj
- Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP), Bengaluru, 560094, India
| | - R Kumar
- National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO, 80307-3000, USA
| | - M C Rajwar
- Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital, 263001, India
| | - T R Seshadri
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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50
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Gupta A, Mardi P, Mishra PKK, Kumar A, Kumar R, Mahapatra A, Jena A, Behera PC. Evaluation of supplemented protein-L-isoaspartate-O-methyltransferase ( PIMT) gene of Carica papaya and Ricinus communis in stress survival of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38170207 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2297692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In growing plant population, effect of stress is a perturb issue affecting its physiological, biochemical, yield loss and developmental growth. Protein-L-isoaspartate-O-methyltransferase (PIMT) is a broadly distributed protein repair enzyme which actuate under stressful environment or aging. Stress can mediate damage converting protein bound aspartate (Asp) residues to isoaspartate (iso-Asp). This spontaneous and deleterious conversion occurs at an elevated state of stress and aging. Iso-Asp formation is associated with protein inactivation and compromised cellular survival. PIMT can convert iso-Asp back to Asp, thus repairing and contributing to cellular survival. The present work describes the isolation, cloning, sequencing and expression of PIMT genes of Carica papaya (Cp pimt) and Ricinus communis (Rc pimt) Using gene specific primers, both the pimts were amplified from their respective cDNAs and subsequently cloned in prokaryotic expression vector pProEXHTa. BL21(DE3) strain of E. coli cells were used as expression host. The expression kinetics of both the PIMTs were studied with various concentrations of IPTG and at different time points. Finally, the PIMT supplemented BL21(DE3) cells were evaluated against different stresses in comparison to their counterparts with the empty vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Gupta
- Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India
| | - Pragati Mardi
- Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Koustasa Mishra
- Unit of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India
| | - Anshuman Kumar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India
| | - Archana Mahapatra
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India
| | - Anupama Jena
- Fisheries and Animal Resource Development Department, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Prakash Chandra Behera
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneshwar, India
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