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Sinani G, Sessevmez M, Şenel S. Applications of Chitosan in Prevention and Treatment Strategies of Infectious Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1201. [PMID: 39339237 PMCID: PMC11434819 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is the most commonly investigated functional cationic biopolymer in a wide range of medical applications due to its promising properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioadhesivity, as well as its numerous bioactive properties. Within the last three decades, chitosan and its derivatives have been investigated as biomaterials for drug and vaccine delivery systems, besides for their bioactive properties. Due to the functional groups in its structure, it is possible to tailor the delivery systems with desired properties. There has been a great interest in the application of chitosan-based systems also for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, specifically due to their antimicrobial, antiviral, and immunostimulatory effects. In this review, recent applications of chitosan in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases are reviewed, and possibilities and limitations with regards to technical and regulatory aspects are discussed. Finally, the future perspectives on utilization of chitosan as a biomaterial are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genada Sinani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altinbas University, 34147 Istanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Melike Sessevmez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Sevda Şenel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe Univesity, 06100 Ankara, Türkiye
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Mansouri M, Sadeghpoor M, Jahangiri A, Ghaini MH, Rasooli I. Enhanced immunoprotection against Acinetobacter baumannii infection: Synergistic effects of Bap and BauA in a murine model. Immunol Lett 2023; 262:18-26. [PMID: 37652189 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rise of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii poses a grave threat to hospital settings, resulting in increased mortality rates and garnering global attention. The formation of biofilms facilitated by biofilm-associated protein (Bap) and the iron absorption capabilities mediated by Baumannii acinetobactin utilization A (BauA) contribute to the persistence and survival of multidrug-resistant strains. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of disrupting the function of BauA and Bap simultaneously as a strategy for controlling A. baumannii. METHODS Recombinant Bap and BauA were expressed, purified, and subcutaneously administered individually and in combination to BALB/c mice. Subsequently, mice were intraperitoneally challenged with A. baumannii, and the bacterial load and tissue damage in the spleen, lung, and liver were assessed. Serum samples were evaluated to determine antibody titers in surviving mice. RESULTS Specific IgG antibodies were significantly increased. A combination of the antigens resulted in enhanced titer of specific IgGs in comparison to either BauA or Bap alone. The antibodies remained stable over a seven-month period. The combination of Bap and BauA exhibited superior immunoprotection against A. baumannii infection compared to individual administration, resulting in a further reduction in bacterial load in the liver, spleen, and lungs. The histopathological analysis demonstrated successful protection of the tissues against A. baumannii-induced damage upon administration of the two immunogens. CONCLUSIONS The combination of Bap and BauA has the potential to target a broader range of A. baumannii strains, including those expressing either Bap or BauA, thereby increasing its efficacy against a diverse array of strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems biology and poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Iraj Rasooli
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Molecular Microbiology Research Center and Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Yang N, Jin X, Zhu C, Gao F, Weng Z, Du X, Feng G. Subunit vaccines for Acinetobacter baumannii. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1088130. [PMID: 36713441 PMCID: PMC9878323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1088130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative bacterium and a crucial opportunistic pathogen in hospitals. A. baumannii infection has become a challenging problem in clinical practice due to the increasing number of multidrug-resistant strains and their prevalence worldwide. Vaccines are effective tools to prevent and control A. baumannii infection. Many researchers are studying subunit vaccines against A. baumannii. Subunit vaccines have the advantages of high purity, safety, and stability, ease of production, and highly targeted induced immune responses. To date, no A. baumannii subunit vaccine candidate has entered clinical trials. This may be related to the easy degradation of subunit vaccines in vivo and weak immunogenicity. Using adjuvants or delivery vehicles to prepare subunit vaccines can slow down degradation and improve immunogenicity. The common immunization routes include intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, intraperitoneal injection and mucosal vaccination. The appropriate immunization method can also enhance the immune effect of subunit vaccines. Therefore, selecting an appropriate adjuvant and immunization method is essential for subunit vaccine research. This review summarizes the past exploration of A. baumannii subunit vaccines, hoping to guide current and future research on these vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenghua Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fenglin Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheqi Weng
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingran Du
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Xingran Du, ; Ganzhu Feng,
| | - Ganzhu Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Xingran Du, ; Ganzhu Feng,
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Specific egg yolk antibody raised to biofilm associated protein (Bap) is protective against murine pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12576. [PMID: 35869264 PMCID: PMC9307575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16894-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii easily turns into pan drug-resistant (PDR) with a high mortality rate. No effective commercial antibiotic or approved vaccine is available against drug-resistant strains of this pathogen. Egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) could be used as a simple and low-cost biotherapeutic against its infections. This study evaluates the prophylactic potential of IgY against A. baumannii in a murine pneumonia model. White Leghorn hens were immunized with intramuscular injection of the recombinant biofilm-associated protein (Bap) from A. baumannii on days 0, 21, 42, and 63. The reactivity and antibiofilm activity of specific IgYs raised against the Bap was evaluated by indirect ELISA and a microtiter plate assay for biofilm formation. The IgYs against Bap were able to decrease the biofilm formation ability of A. baumannii and protect the mice against the challenge of A. baumannii. IgYs antibody raised here shows a good antigen-specificity and protectivity which can be used in passive immunotherapy against A. baumannii. In conclusion, the IgY against biofilm-associated protein proves prophylactic in a murine pneumonia model.
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Golestani F, Malekan M, Rasooli I, Jahangiri A, Ramezanalizadeh F, Chaudhuri S, Farshchi Andisi V, Schryvers AB. Immunogenicity of loop 3 of Omp34 from A. Baumannii in loopless C-lobe of TbpB of N. meningitidis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109013. [PMID: 35785727 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a common causative agent of nosocomial infections, with a mortality rate of 43% in infected patients. Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, vaccine development has become necessary. Since the 34 kDa outer membrane protein Omp34 has been identified as a potential vaccine target, we implemented a hybrid antigen approach to target its extracellular loops. Using bioinformatic and structural analyses, we selected Loop 3 from Omp34 and displayed it on the loopless C-lobe (LCL) of TbpB of Neisseria meningitidis. The hybrid antigen and the LCL were produced and used to immunize mice for passive and active immunization and challenge experiments in which the reactivity of the sera was assessed by ELISAs, the bacterial load in the tissues measured and the survival of immunized mice compared. LCL was ineffective in immunization against A. baumannii thus the resulting immunity was due to the presence of Omp34 loop 3. It resulted in increased survival and a reduced bacterial load in the tissues compared to the control groups. The findings indicate that the immunogenicity of Omp34 loops can induce protection against A. baumannii infection, and it could probably be used as a vaccine candidate to control the pathogenesis of A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iraj Rasooli
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Molecular Microbiology Research Center and Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems biology and poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Somshukla Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Vahid Farshchi Andisi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Anthony B Schryvers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
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Alipouri S, Rasooli I, Ghaini MH, Jahangiri A, Darvish Alipour Astaneh S, Ramezanalizadeh F. Immunity induced by valine-glycine repeat protein G imparts histoprotection of vital body organs against Acinetobacter baumannii. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:42. [PMID: 35254548 PMCID: PMC8901899 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Efforts toward the development of an effective vaccine against Acinetobacter baumannii, one of the most notorious nosocomial pathogens, are still ongoing. In this regard, virulence factors are interesting targets. Type VI secretion system (T6SS) participates in the pathogenicity of A. baumannii. VgrG is a crucial component of T6SS prevalent among A. baumannii strains. This study was conducted to evaluate the immunoprotectivity of recombinant VgrG (rVgrG) cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified rVgrG. Specific anti-VgrG IgG titers were assessed by ELISA. Actively and passively immunized mice were challenged with lethal doses of A. baumannii ATCC 19606. The survival rate, the bacterial burden, and histopathology of tissues in infected mice were examined. Results Anti-VgrG IgG (p < 0.0001) was significantly increased in immunized mice. No death was seen in actively immunized mice infected with the lethal dose (LD) of 1.9 × 108 CFU of A. baumannii ATCC 19606 within 72 h. Challenge with 2.4 × 108 CFU of the pathogen showed a 75% survival rate. All immunized mice infected with 3.2 × 108 CFU of the pathogen died within 12 h. In passive immunization, no death was observed in mice that received LD of the bacteria incubated with the 1:250 dilution of the immune sera. An increased number of neutrophils around the peribronchial and perivascular areas were seen in unimmunized mouse lungs while passively immunized mice revealed moderate inflammation with infiltration of mixed mononuclear cells and neutrophils. The livers of the unimmunized mice showed inflammation and necrosis in contrast to the livers from immunized mice. Hyperplasia of the white pulp and higher neutrophils were evident in the spleen of unimmunized mice as against the normal histology of the immunized group. Conclusions VgrG is a protective antigen that could be topologically accessible to the host antibodies. Although VgrG is not sufficient to be assigned as a stand-alone antigen for conferring full protection, it could participate in multivalent vaccine developments for elevated efficacy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-022-00325-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Alipouri
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Qom Expressway, Tehran, 3319118651, Iran
| | - Iraj Rasooli
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Qom Expressway, Tehran, 3319118651, Iran. .,Molecular Microbiology Research Center and Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghaini
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shakiba Darvish Alipour Astaneh
- Department of Biotechnology, Semnan University, Central Administration of Semnan University, Campus 1, Semnan, I. R. of Iran Semnan, P.O. Box 35131-19111, Semnan, Iran
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Singh R, Capalash N, Sharma P. Vaccine development to control the rising scourge of antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: a systematic review. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:85. [PMID: 35261870 PMCID: PMC8890014 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of major nosocomial pathogen and global emergence of multidrug-resistant strains has become a challenge for developing effective treatment options. A. baumannii has developed resistance to almost all the antibiotics viz. beta-lactams, carbapenems, tigecycline and now colistin, a last resort of antibiotics. The world is on the cusp of post antibiotic era and the evolution of multi-, extreme- and pan–drug-resistant A. baumannii strains is its obvious harbinger. Various combinations of antibiotics have been investigated but no successful treatment option is available. All these failed efforts have led researchers to develop and implement prophylactic vaccination for the prevention of infections caused by this pathogen. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of active and passive immunization, the types of sub-unit and multi-component vaccine candidates investigated against A. baumannii viz. whole cell organism, outer membrane vesicles, outer membrane complexes, conjugate vaccines and sub-unit vaccines have been discussed. In addition, the benefits of Reverse vaccinology are emphasized here in which the potential vaccine candidates are predicted using bioinformatic online tools prior to in vivo validations.
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Kaushik V, Tiwari M, Joshi R, Tiwari V. Therapeutic strategies against potential antibiofilm targets of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2045-2063. [PMID: 35083758 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is the causative agent of various hospital-acquired infections. Biofilm formation is one of the various antimicrobial resistance (AMR) strategies and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Hence, it is essential to review the potential antibiofilm targets in A. baumannii and come up with different strategies to combat these potential targets. This review covers different pathways involved in the regulation of biofilm formation in A. baumannii like quorum sensing (QS), cyclic-di-GMP signaling, two-component system (TCS), outer-membrane protein (ompA), and biofilm-associated protein (BAP). A newly discovered mechanism of electrical signaling-mediated biofilm formation and contact-dependent biofilm modulation has also been discussed. As biofilm formation and its maintenance in A. baumannii is facilitated by these potential targets, the detailed study of these targets and pathways can bring light to different therapeutic strategies such as anti-biofilm peptides, natural and synthetic molecule inhibitors, QS molecule degrading enzymes, and other strategies. These strategies may help in suppressing the lethality of biofilm-mediated infections. Targeting essential proteins/targets which are crucial for biofilm formation and regulation may render new therapeutic strategies that can aid in combating biofilm, thus reducing the recalcitrant infections and morbidity associated with the biofilm of A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Kaushik
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Monalisa Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Richa Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Vishvanath Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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Naghipour Erami A, Rasooli I, Jahangiri A, Darvish Alipour Astaneh S. Anti-Omp34 antibodies protect against Acinetobacter baumannii in a murine sepsis model. Microb Pathog 2021; 161:105291. [PMID: 34798280 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic extracellular pathogen is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections. Omp34, also known as Omp33-36, is a bacterial porin protein involved in the virulence and fitness of this pathogen by adhesion to the host cell. This antigen nominated as an appropriate candidate for immunization against A. baumannii. In this study, the expression of the recombinant Omp34 (rOmp34) was carried out in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The immunogenicity of the rOmp34 in A. baumannii was studied in a murine sepsis model. Antibody response in mice injected with the recombinant protein was assessed using indirect ELISA. Bactericidal activity of rOmp34-immunized mice sera (1:10 dilution) against A. baumannii ATCC 19606 after 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h of incubation at 37 °C was assessed. In addition to survival rate, load of bacteria in liver and spleen of the infected mice were evaluated. A high titer of specific antibody equivalent to optical density of 1.54 ± 0.06 against rOmp34 was elicited in the immunized mice sera. Viability of the A. baumannii incubated 8 h with immunized mice sera was 64%. Homogenized liver and spleen samples of the control mice challenged with A. baumannii were loaded with 8 × 103 and 9 × 103 CFU per gram tissue respectively 48 h post-challenge as against complete clearance of A. baumannii in the immunized group. The protective immunity was achieved by challenging the mice groups with 5 × LD50 of live A. baumannii. Omp34 can be nominated as an immunogen that can bring about protection against Acinetobacter baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iraj Rasooli
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran-Qom Express Way, Iran; Molecular Microbiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran-Qom Express Way, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Rahbar MR, Gouvarchin Galeh HE, Khalili S, Jahangiri A. Chitosan: A Promising Protective Component Against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999201110114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The recent pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 has caught
the international community by surprise. There is still no effective vaccine or treatment option
against this virus. In this perspective, we discussed the potential protective and therapeutic effects
of chitosan, as an FDA-approved biomolecule, against COVID-19 and influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Rahbar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hassan A, Ikram A, Raza A, Saeed S, Zafar Paracha R, Younas Z, Khadim MT. Therapeutic Potential of Novel Mastoparan-Chitosan Nanoconstructs Against Clinical MDR Acinetobacter baumannii: In silico, in vitro and in vivo Studies. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3755-3773. [PMID: 34103914 PMCID: PMC8179793 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s296717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acinetobacter baumannii antibiotic resistant infections in high-risk patients are a great challenge for researchers and clinicians worldwide. In an effort to achieve potent bactericidal outcomes, a novel chitosan-mastoparan nanoconstruct (Mast-Cs NC) was designed and assessed for its therapeutic potential through in silico, in vitro and in vivo experimentation against clinical multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii. METHODS Optimized 3D structures of mastoparan and chitosan were coupled computationally through an ionic cross-linker to generate a circular ring of chitosan encasing mastoparan. The complex was assessed for interactions and stability through molecular dynamic simulation (MDS). Binding pocket analysis was used to assess the protease-peptide interface. Mast-Cs NC were prepared by the ionic gelation method. Mast-Cs NC were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for their therapeutic efficacy against drug-resistant clinical A. baumannii. RESULTS MDS for 100 ns showed stable bonds between chitosan and mastoparan; the first at chitosan oxygen atom-46 and mastoparan isoleucine carbon atom with a distance of 2.77 Å, and the second between oxygen atom-23 and mastoparan lysine nitrogen atom with a distance of 2.80 Å, and binding energies of -3.6 and -7.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Mast-Cs complexes approximately 156 nm in size, with +54.9 mV zeta potential and 22.63% loading capacity, offered >90% encapsulation efficiency and were found to be geometrically incompatible with binding pockets of various proteases. The MIC90 of Mast-Cs NC was significantly lower than that of chitosan (4 vs 512 μg/mL, respectively, p<0.05), with noticeable bacterial damage upon morphological analysis. In a BALB/c mouse sepsis model, a significant reduction in bacterial colony count in the Mast-Cs treated group was observed compared with chitosan and mastoparan alone (p<0.005). Mast-Cs maintained good biocompatibility and cytocompatibility. CONCLUSION Novel mastoparan-loaded chitosan nanoconstructs signify a successful strategy for achieving a synergistic bactericidal effect and higher therapeutic efficacy against MDR clinical A. baumannii isolates. The Mast-Cs nano-drug delivery system could work as an alternative promising treatment option against MDR A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afreenish Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ikram
- Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- NILOP Nanomedicine Research Laboratories, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Saeed
- NILOP Nanomedicine Research Laboratories, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Zumara Younas
- Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khadim
- Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Ma C, Chen W. Where are we and how far is there to go in the development of an Acinetobacter vaccine? Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:281-295. [PMID: 33554671 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1887735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are becoming alarming worldwide. However, the pipeline of new antibiotics is very limited. Vaccination is one of the most cost effective and promising strategies to prevent infections and can play an important role in combat multidrug resistance A. baumannii and prevent the development of new drug resistance. AREA COVERED This review gives an overview of the research and development of A. baumannii vaccines during the past five years (2015-2020), discusses the key progresses and current challenges of the field, and speculates on the future of A. baumannii vaccine development. EXPERT OPINION Moderate progresses have been made in the research and development of A. baumannii vaccine in the last five years, in particular in the areas of identification of new protein targets, development of multicomponent vaccines, and use of vaccines and antibodies as adjuncts for antibiotics therapies. However, substantial scientific and logistic challenges, such as selection of lead vaccine candidates and formulation, vaccine clinical trials and targeted population, and financial incentives, remain. Thus, innovative strategies will be needed before an A. baumannii vaccine candidate can be brought into late stage of preclinical development in next five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Ma
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center (HHT), National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Wangxue Chen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center (HHT), National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario Canada.,Department of Biology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario Canada
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Jahangiri A, Neshani A, Mirhosseini SA, Ghazvini K, Zare H, Sedighian H. Synergistic effect of two antimicrobial peptides, Nisin and P10 with conventional antibiotics against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104700. [PMID: 33346078 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infections caused by drug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are now a global problem that requires the immediate development of new antimicrobial drugs. Combination therapy and using antimicrobial peptides are two strategies with high potential to solve this issue. By these strategies, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial effect of Nisin and P10 antimicrobial peptides on extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, and investigate the most effective combination of an antimicrobial peptide with an antibiotic. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was performed on five resistant clinical isolates and one standard strain for each kind of bacterium. First, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of two antimicrobial peptides (Nisin and P10) and five common antibiotics for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria (ceftazidime, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, doripenem, and colistin) was determined using Scanner-Assisted Colorimetric MIC Method. Then, the combination effect of P10+Nisin, P10+antibiotics, Nisin + antibiotics was investigated using checkerboard method. RESULTS The MIC value of Nisin and P10 against studied pathogens were 64-256 and 8-32 μg/ml, respectively. P10+Nisin combination showed synergistic effect against standard strains and additive effect against drug-resistant clinical isolates. It was also found that the combination effect of P10+ceftazidim, P10+doripenem, and Nisin + colistin was synergistic in most cases. Nisin + tobramycin combination showed synergistic effect in exposure to standard strains, while the synergy is strain-dependent against drug-resistant clinical isolates. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the synergism of Nisin + colistin and P10+ceftazidime/doripenem could be of great therapeutic value as antimicrobial drugs against infections caused by colistin-resistant P.aeruginosa and XDR A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Neshani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mirhosseini
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosna Zare
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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