2
|
Myu Mai Ja KP, Lim KP, Chen A, Ting S, Li SQ, Tee N, Ramachandra C, Mehta A, Wong P, Oh S, Shim W. Construction of a vascularized hydrogel for cardiac tissue formation in a porcine model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:e2029-e2038. [PMID: 29266858 DOI: 10.1002/term.2634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Replacing cardiac tissues lost to myocardial infarction remains a therapeutic goal for regenerative therapy in recovering cardiac function. We assessed the feasibility of constructing a macrosized human cardiac tissue construct using pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes or control fibroblasts infused fibrin/collagen hydrogel and performed ectopic implantation in peripheral vascular system of a porcine model for 3 weeks. Finally, an optimized vascularized cardiac construct was explanted and grafted onto porcine myocardium for 2 weeks. Myocardial-grafted human cardiac constructs showed a nascent tissue-like organization with aligned cardiomyocytes within the remodelled collagen matrix. Nevertheless, no significant changes in intraconstruct density of cardiomyocytes were observed in the myocardial-grafted constructs (human embryonic stem cell [hESC]-derived cardiomyocyte [n = 4]: 70.5 ± 22.8 troponin I+ cardiomyocytes/high power field [HPF]) as compared to peripherally implanted constructs (hESC-derived cardiomyocyte [n = 4]: 59.0 ± 19.6 troponin I+ cardiomyocytes/HPF; human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte [n = 3]: 50.9 ± 8.5 troponin I+ cardiomyocytes/HPF, p = ns). However, the myocardial-grafted constructs showed an increased in neovascularization (194.4 ± 24.7 microvessels/mm2 tissue, p < .05), microvascular maturation (82.8 ± 24.7 mature microvessels/mm2 , p < .05), and tissue-like formation whereas the peripherally implanted constructs of hESC-derived cardiomyocyte (168.3 ± 98.2 microvessels/mm2 tissue and 68.1 ± 33.4 mature microvessels/mm2 ) and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (86.8 ± 57.4 microvessels/mm2 tissue and 22.0 ± 32.7 mature microvessels/mm2 ) were not significantly different in vascularized response when compared to the control human fibroblasts (n = 3) constructs (65.6 ± 34.1 microvessels/mm2 tissue and 30.7 ± 20.7 mature microvessels/mm2 ). We presented results on technical feasibility and challenges of grafting vascularized centimetre-sized human cardiac construct that may spur novel approaches in cardiac tissue replacement strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P Myu Mai Ja
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kee Pah Lim
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Allen Chen
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Sherwin Ting
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Shi Qi Li
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Tee
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chrishan Ramachandra
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ashish Mehta
- Innovation Centre, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Philip Wong
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steve Oh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Winston Shim
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tang XL, Rokosh G, Sanganalmath SK, Tokita Y, Keith MCL, Shirk G, Stowers H, Hunt GN, Wu W, Dawn B, Bolli R. Effects of Intracoronary Infusion of Escalating Doses of Cardiac Stem Cells in Rats With Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circ Heart Fail 2015; 8:757-65. [PMID: 25995227 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.115.002210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although c-kit(pos) cardiac stem cells (CSCs) preserve left ventricular (LV) function and structure after myocardial infarction, CSC doses have been chosen arbitrarily, and the dose-effect relationship is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats underwent a 90-minute coronary occlusion followed by 35 days of reperfusion. Vehicle or CSCs at 5 escalating doses (0.3×10(6), 0.75×10(6), 1.5×10(6), 3.0×10(6), and 6.0×10(6) cells/heart) were given intracoronarily 4 h after reperfusion. The lowest dose (0.3×10(6)) had no effect on LV function and morphology, whereas 0.75, 1.5, and 3.0×10(6) significantly improved regional and global LV function (echocardiography and hemodynamic studies). These 3 doses had similar effects on echocardiographic parameters (infarct wall thickening fraction, LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, LV ejection fraction) and hemodynamic variables (LV end-diastolic pressure, LV dP/dtmax, preload adjusted maximal power, end-systolic elastance, preload recruitable stroke work) and produced similar reductions in apoptosis, scar size, infarct wall thinning, and LV expansion index and similar increases in viable myocardium in the risk region (morphometry). Infusion of 6.0×10(6) CSCs markedly increased postprocedural mortality. Green fluorescent protein and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine staining indicated that persistence of donor cells and formation of new myocytes were negligible with all doses. CONCLUSIONS Surprisingly, in this rat model of acute myocardial infarction, the dose-response relationship for intracoronary CSCs is flat. A minimal dose between 0.3 and 0.75×10(6) is necessary for efficacy; above this threshold, a 4-fold increase in cell number does not produce greater improvement in LV function or structure. Further increases in cell dose are harmful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Liang Tang
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Gregg Rokosh
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Santosh K Sanganalmath
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Yukichi Tokita
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Matthew C L Keith
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Gregg Shirk
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Heather Stowers
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Gregory N Hunt
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Wenjian Wu
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.)
| | - Roberto Bolli
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (X.-L.T., G.R., S.K.S., Y.T., M.C.L.K., G.S., H.S., G.N.H., W.W., R.B.); and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (B.D.).
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells improve vascular regeneration and reduce leukocyte-endothelium activation in critical ischemic murine skin in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1345-60. [PMID: 24972742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Stem cells participate in vascular regeneration following critical ischemia. However, their angiogenic and remodeling properties, as well as their role in ischemia-related endothelial leukocyte activation, need to be further elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) in a critically ischemic murine skin flap model. METHODS Groups received either 1 × 10(5), 5 × 10(5), or 1 × 10(6) BM-MSCs or cell-free conditioned medium (CM). Controls received sodium chloride. Intravital fluorescence microscopy was performed for morphological and quantitative assessment of micro-hemodynamic parameters over 12 days. RESULTS Tortuosity and diameter of conduit-arterioles were pronounced in the MSC groups (P < 0.01), whereas vasodilation was shifted to the end arteriolar level in the CM group (P < 0.01). These effects were accompanied by angiopoietin-2 expression. Functional capillary density and red blood cell velocity were enhanced in all treatment groups (P < 0.01). Although a significant reduction of rolling and sticking leukocytes was observed in the MSC groups with a reduction of diameter in postcapillary venules (P < 0.01), animals receiving CM exhibited a leukocyte-endothelium interaction similar to controls. This correlated with leukocyte common antigen expression in tissue sections (P < 0.01) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression from tissue samples. Cytokine analysis from BM-MSC culture medium revealed a 50% reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ) and chemokines (keratinocyte chemoattractant, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) under hypoxic conditions. DISCUSSION We demonstrated positive effects of BM-MSCs on vascular regeneration and modulation of endothelial leukocyte adhesion in critical ischemic skin. The improvements after MSC application were dose-dependent and superior to the use of CM alone.
Collapse
|
7
|
Qian L, Shim W, Gu Y, Shirhan M, Lim KP, Tan LP, Lim CH, Sin YK, Wong P. Hemodynamic Contribution of Stem Cell Scaffolding in Acute Injured Myocardium. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:1652-63. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Winston Shim
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Graduate Medical School, Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yacui Gu
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohamed Shirhan
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kee Pah Lim
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lay Poh Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chong Hee Lim
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoong Kong Sin
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip Wong
- Research and Development Unit, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Choi YH, Kurtz A, Stamm C. Mesenchymal stem cells for cardiac cell therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:3-17. [PMID: 21062128 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2010.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite refinements of medical and surgical therapies, heart failure remains a fatal disease. Myocardial infarction is the most common cause of heart failure, and only palliative measures are available to relieve symptoms and prolong the patient's life span. Because mammalian cardiomyocytes irreversibly exit the cell cycle at about the time of birth, the heart has traditionally been considered to lack any regenerative capacity. This paradigm, however, is currently shifting, and the cellular composition of the myocardium is being targeted by various regeneration strategies. Adult progenitor and stem cell treatment of diseased human myocardium has been carried out for more than 10 years (Menasche et al., 2001; Stamm et al., 2003), and it has become clear that, in humans, the regenerative capacity of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells, despite potent proangiogenic effects, is limited (Stamm et al., 2009). More recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and related cell types are being evaluated in preclinical models of heart disease as well as in clinical trials (see Published Clinical Trials, below). MSCs have the capacity to self-renew and to differentiate into lineages that normally originate from the embryonic mesenchyme (connective tissues, blood vessels, blood-related organs) (Caplan, 1991; Prockop, 1997; Pittenger et al., 1999). The current definition of MSCs includes plastic adherence in cell culture, specific surface antigen expression (CD105(+)/CD90(+)/CD73(+), CD34(-)/CD45(-)/CD11b(-) or CD14(-)/CD19(-) or CD79α(-)/HLA-DR1(-)), and multilineage in vitro differentiation potential (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic) (Dominici et al., 2006 ). If those criteria are not met completely, the term "mesenchymal stromal cells" should be used for marrow-derived adherent cells, or other terms for MSC-like cells of different origin. For the purpose of this review, MSCs and related cells are discussed in general, and cell type-specific properties are indicated when appropriate. We first summarize the preclinical data on MSCs in models of heart disease, and then appraise the clinical experience with MSCs for cardiac cell therapy.
Collapse
|