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Buswinka CJ, Rosenberg DB, Simikyan RG, Osgood RT, Fernandez K, Nitta H, Hayashi Y, Liberman LW, Nguyen E, Yildiz E, Kim J, Jarysta A, Renauld J, Wesson E, Wang H, Thapa P, Bordiga P, McMurtry N, Llamas J, Kitcher SR, López-Porras AI, Cui R, Behnammanesh G, Bird JE, Ballesteros A, Vélez-Ortega AC, Edge ASB, Deans MR, Gnedeva K, Shrestha BR, Manor U, Zhao B, Ricci AJ, Tarchini B, Basch ML, Stepanyan R, Landegger LD, Rutherford MA, Liberman MC, Walters BJ, Kros CJ, Richardson GP, Cunningham LL, Indzhykulian AA. Large-scale annotated dataset for cochlear hair cell detection and classification. Sci Data 2024; 11:416. [PMID: 38653806 PMCID: PMC11039649 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Our sense of hearing is mediated by cochlear hair cells, of which there are two types organized in one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. Each cochlea contains 5-15 thousand terminally differentiated hair cells, and their survival is essential for hearing as they do not regenerate after insult. It is often desirable in hearing research to quantify the number of hair cells within cochlear samples, in both pathological conditions, and in response to treatment. Machine learning can be used to automate the quantification process but requires a vast and diverse dataset for effective training. In this study, we present a large collection of annotated cochlear hair-cell datasets, labeled with commonly used hair-cell markers and imaged using various fluorescence microscopy techniques. The collection includes samples from mouse, rat, guinea pig, pig, primate, and human cochlear tissue, from normal conditions and following in-vivo and in-vitro ototoxic drug application. The dataset includes over 107,000 hair cells which have been identified and annotated as either inner or outer hair cells. This dataset is the result of a collaborative effort from multiple laboratories and has been carefully curated to represent a variety of imaging techniques. With suggested usage parameters and a well-described annotation procedure, this collection can facilitate the development of generalizable cochlear hair-cell detection models or serve as a starting point for fine-tuning models for other analysis tasks. By providing this dataset, we aim to give other hearing research groups the opportunity to develop their own tools with which to analyze cochlear imaging data more fully, accurately, and with greater ease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Buswinka
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology graduate program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - David B Rosenberg
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rubina G Simikyan
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Richard T Osgood
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Katharine Fernandez
- Section on Sensory Cell Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Hidetomi Nitta
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yushi Hayashi
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Leslie W Liberman
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Emily Nguyen
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Erdem Yildiz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jinkyung Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Justine Renauld
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ella Wesson
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Haobing Wang
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Punam Thapa
- The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Pierrick Bordiga
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Noah McMurtry
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Juan Llamas
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Siân R Kitcher
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Ana I López-Porras
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Runjia Cui
- Section on Sensory Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Behnammanesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jonathan E Bird
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Angela Ballesteros
- Section on Sensory Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | | | - Albert S B Edge
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Michael R Deans
- Department of Neurobiology, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Ksenia Gnedeva
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Brikha R Shrestha
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Uri Manor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Anthony J Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Basile Tarchini
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, 02111, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering (GSBSE), University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Martín L Basch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ruben Stepanyan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lukas D Landegger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mark A Rutherford
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8115, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - M Charles Liberman
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology graduate program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Bradley J Walters
- The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Corné J Kros
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Guy P Richardson
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Lisa L Cunningham
- Section on Sensory Cell Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Artur A Indzhykulian
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology graduate program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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Abstract
Pattern recognition of specific temporal bone radiological phenotypes, in association with abnormalities in other organ systems, is critical in the diagnosis and management of syndromic causes of hearing loss. Several recent publications have demonstrated the presence of specific radiological appearances, allowing precise genetic and/or syndromic diagnosis, in the right clinical context. This review article aims to provide an extensive but practical guide to the radiologist dealing with syndromic causes of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond St. London, London, WC1N3JH, UK
| | - Caroline D Robson
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felice D'Arco
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond St. London, London, WC1N3JH, UK. felice.d'
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Tisi A, Palaniappan S, Maccarrone M. Advanced Omics Techniques for Understanding Cochlear Genome, Epigenome, and Transcriptome in Health and Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1534. [PMID: 37892216 PMCID: PMC10605747 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics techniques are providing unprecedented insights into the understanding of the molecular underpinnings of the central nervous system, including the neuro-sensory cochlea of the inner ear. Here, we report for the first time a comprehensive and updated overview of the most advanced omics techniques for the study of nucleic acids and their applications in cochlear research. We describe the available in vitro and in vivo models for hearing research and the principles of genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics, alongside their most advanced technologies (like single-cell omics and spatial omics), which allow for the investigation of the molecular events that occur at a single-cell resolution while retaining the spatial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Tisi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Sakthimala Palaniappan
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Laboratory of Lipid Neurochemistry, European Center for Brain Research (CERC), Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
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Sagi V, Kosaraju N, Moore LS, Mulders JY, Solyali M, Ma X, Regula DP, Hooper JE, Stankovic KM. Mortui vivos docent: a modern revival of temporal bone plug harvests. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1242831. [PMID: 37886674 PMCID: PMC10598599 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1242831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human temporal bones (HTBs) are invaluable resources for the study of otologic disorders and for evaluating novel treatment approaches. Given the high costs and technical expertise required to collect and process HTBs, there has been a decline in the number of otopathology laboratories. Our objective is to encourage ongoing study of HTBs by outlining the necessary steps to establish a pipeline for collection and processing of HTBs. In this methods manuscript, we: (1) provide the design of a temporal bone plug sawblade that can be used to collect specimens from autopsy donors; (2) establish that decalcification time can be dramatically reduced from 9 to 3 months if ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is combined with microwave tissue processing and periodic bone trimming; (3) show that serial sections of relatively-rapidly decalcified HTBs can be successfully immunostained for key inner ear proteins; (4) demonstrate how to drill down a HTB to the otic capsule within a few hours so that subsequent decalcification time can be further reduced to only weeks. We include photographs and videos to facilitate rapid dissemination of the developed methods. Collected HTBs can be used for many purposes, including, but not limited to device testing, imaging studies, education, histopathology, and molecular studies. As new technology develops, it is imperative to continue studying HTBs to further our understanding of the cellular and molecular underpinnings of otologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Sagi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Nikitha Kosaraju
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lindsay S. Moore
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jip Y. Mulders
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mehmet Solyali
- Department of Physics, Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Donald P. Regula
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jody E. Hooper
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Konstantina M. Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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5
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Van Oosterwyck R, Loos E, Willaert A. Otological problems in ichthyosis: A literature review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 173:111714. [PMID: 37714023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ichthyoses are a rare group of keratinization disorders characterized by scaling of the skin due to an impaired barrier function. Few studies have addressed ear involvement in patients with ichthyosis, although it is a probably underestimated aspect of the disease. OBJECTIVE This study aims to provide an overview of the otological manifestations in ichthyosis and propose specific treatment options. METHODS Articles were collected using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. A total of 53 articles were included in this literature review. RESULTS The most common ear problem in patients with ichthyosis is scale accumulation in the ear canals, which can lead to conductive hearing loss and increases the risk of ear infections. Furthermore, some types of ichthyosis are associated with outer ear malformations. Lastly, sensorineural hearing loss is common in syndromic forms of ichthyosis. CONCLUSIONS Otological problems are present in all types of ichthyoses and their treatment is challenging. The involvement of ear, nose, and throat specialists in the routine care of ichthyosis patients is essential for early identification and treatment of these manifestations. More research is needed to provide more insight into the otological problems in ichthyosis and to ameliorate treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Van Oosterwyck
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Loos
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group ExpORL, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - A Willaert
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Buswinka CJ, Rosenberg DB, Simikyan RG, Osgood RT, Fernandez K, Nitta H, Hayashi Y, Liberman LW, Nguyen E, Yildiz E, Kim J, Jarysta A, Renauld J, Wesson E, Thapa P, Bordiga P, McMurtry N, Llamas J, Kitcher SR, López-Porras AI, Cui R, Behnammanesh G, Bird JE, Ballesteros A, Vélez-Ortega AC, Edge AS, Deans MR, Gnedeva K, Shrestha BR, Manor U, Zhao B, Ricci AJ, Tarchini B, Basch M, Stepanyan RS, Landegger LD, Rutherford M, Liberman MC, Walters BJ, Kros CJ, Richardson GP, Cunningham LL, Indzhykulian AA. Large-scale annotated dataset for cochlear hair cell detection and classification. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.30.553559. [PMID: 37693382 PMCID: PMC10491224 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.553559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Our sense of hearing is mediated by cochlear hair cells, localized within the sensory epithelium called the organ of Corti. There are two types of hair cells in the cochlea, which are organized in one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. Each cochlea contains a few thousands of hair cells, and their survival is essential for our perception of sound because they are terminally differentiated and do not regenerate after insult. It is often desirable in hearing research to quantify the number of hair cells within cochlear samples, in both pathological conditions, and in response to treatment. However, the sheer number of cells along the cochlea makes manual quantification impractical. Machine learning can be used to overcome this challenge by automating the quantification process but requires a vast and diverse dataset for effective training. In this study, we present a large collection of annotated cochlear hair-cell datasets, labeled with commonly used hair-cell markers and imaged using various fluorescence microscopy techniques. The collection includes samples from mouse, human, pig and guinea pig cochlear tissue, from normal conditions and following in-vivo and in-vitro ototoxic drug application. The dataset includes over 90'000 hair cells, all of which have been manually identified and annotated as one of two cell types: inner hair cells and outer hair cells. This dataset is the result of a collaborative effort from multiple laboratories and has been carefully curated to represent a variety of imaging techniques. With suggested usage parameters and a well-described annotation procedure, this collection can facilitate the development of generalizable cochlear hair cell detection models or serve as a starting point for fine-tuning models for other analysis tasks. By providing this dataset, we aim to supply other groups within the hearing research community with the opportunity to develop their own tools with which to analyze cochlear imaging data more fully, accurately, and with greater ease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Buswinka
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology graduate program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - David B Rosenberg
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Rubina G Simikyan
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Richard T Osgood
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Katharine Fernandez
- Section on Sensory Cell Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Hidetomi Nitta
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yushi Hayashi
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Leslie W Liberman
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Emily Nguyen
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Erdem Yildiz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jinkyung Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Justine Renauld
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ella Wesson
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Punam Thapa
- The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Pierrick Bordiga
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Noah McMurtry
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Juan Llamas
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Siân R Kitcher
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Ana I López-Porras
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Runjia Cui
- Section on Sensory Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Behnammanesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jonathan E Bird
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Angela Ballesteros
- Section on Sensory Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | | | - Albert Sb Edge
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Michael R Deans
- Department of Neurobiology, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Ksenia Gnedeva
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Brikha R Shrestha
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Anthony J Ricci
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Basile Tarchini
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, 02111, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering (GSBSE), University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Martin Basch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ruben S Stepanyan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lukas D Landegger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark Rutherford
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8115, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - M Charles Liberman
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology graduate program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Bradley J Walters
- The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Corné J Kros
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Guy P Richardson
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa L Cunningham
- Section on Sensory Cell Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Artur A Indzhykulian
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology graduate program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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7
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Human cochlear microstructures at risk of electrode insertion trauma, elucidated in 3D with contrast-enhanced microCT. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2191. [PMID: 36750646 PMCID: PMC9905077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implant restores hearing loss through electrical stimulation of the hearing nerve from within the cochlea. Unfortunately, surgical implantation of this neuroprosthesis often traumatizes delicate intracochlear structures, resulting in loss of residual hearing and compromising hearing in noisy environments and appreciation of music. To avoid cochlear trauma, insertion techniques and devices have to be adjusted to the cochlear microanatomy. However, existing techniques were unable to achieve a representative visualization of the human cochlea: classical histology damages the tissues and lacks 3D perspective; standard microCT fails to resolve the cochlear soft tissues; and previously used X-ray contrast-enhancing staining agents are destructive. In this study, we overcame these limitations by performing contrast-enhanced microCT imaging (CECT) with a novel polyoxometalate staining agent Hf-WD POM. With Hf-WD POM-based CECT, we achieved nondestructive, high-resolution, simultaneous, 3D visualization of the mineralized and soft microstructures in fresh-frozen human cochleae. This enabled quantitative analysis of the true intracochlear dimensions and led to anatomical discoveries, concerning surgically-relevant microstructures: the round window membrane, the Rosenthal's canal and the secondary spiral lamina. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Hf-WD POM-based CECT enables quantitative assessment of these structures as well as their trauma.
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8
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, a Stepping Stone to In Vitro Human Models of Hearing Loss. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203331. [PMID: 36291196 PMCID: PMC9600035 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most prevalent sensorineural impairment in humans. Yet despite very active research, no effective therapy other than the cochlear implant has reached the clinic. Main reasons for this failure are the multifactorial nature of the disorder, its heterogeneity, and a late onset that hinders the identification of etiological factors. Another problem is the lack of human samples such that practically all the work has been conducted on animals. Although highly valuable data have been obtained from such models, there is the risk that inter-species differences exist that may compromise the relevance of the gathered data. Human-based models are therefore direly needed. The irruption of human induced pluripotent stem cell technologies in the field of hearing research offers the possibility to generate an array of otic cell models of human origin; these may enable the identification of guiding signalling cues during inner ear development and of the mechanisms that lead from genetic alterations to pathology. These models will also be extremely valuable when conducting ototoxicity analyses and when exploring new avenues towards regeneration in the inner ear. This review summarises some of the work that has already been conducted with these cells and contemplates future possibilities.
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9
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Bommakanti KK, Iyer JS, Sagi V, Brown A, Ma X, Gonzales M, Stankovic KM. Reversible contrast enhancement for visualization of human temporal bones using micro computed tomography. Front Surg 2022; 9:952348. [PMID: 36268215 PMCID: PMC9577409 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.952348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which typically arises from the inner ear, is the most common sensory deficit worldwide. The traditional method for studying pathophysiology underlying human SNHL involves histological processing of the inner ear from temporal bones collected during autopsy. Histopathological analysis is destructive and limits future use of a given specimen. Non-destructive strategies for the study of the inner ear are urgently needed to fully leverage the utility of each specimen because access to human temporal bones is increasingly difficult and these precious specimens are required to uncover disease mechanisms and to enable development of new devices. We highlight the potential of reversible iodine staining for micro-computed tomography imaging of the human inner ear. This approach provides reversible, high-resolution visualization of intracochlear structures and is becoming more rapid and accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K. Bommakanti
- Department of Head / Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Janani S. Iyer
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Varun Sagi
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States,University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Alyssa Brown
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marissa Gonzales
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Konstantina M. Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States,Correspondence: Konstantina M. Stankovic
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10
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Zaw K, Carvalho LS, Aung-Htut MT, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Chen FK, McLenachan S. Pathogenesis and Treatment of Usher Syndrome Type IIA. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2022; 11:369-379. [PMID: 36041150 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common form of deaf-blindness, with an estimated prevalence of 4.4 to 16.6 per 100,000 people worldwide. The most common form of USH is type IIA (USH2A), which is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the USH2A gene and accounts for around half of all USH cases. USH2A patients show moderate to severe hearing loss from birth, with diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa in the second decade of life and variable vestibular involvement. Although hearing aids or cochlear implants can provide some mitigation of hearing deficits, there are currently no treatments aimed at preventing or restoring vision loss in USH2A patients. In this review, we first provide an overview of the molecular biology of the USH2A gene and its protein isoforms, which include a transmembrane protein (TM usherin) and an extracellular protein (EC usherin). The role of these proteins in the inner ear and retina and their impact on the pathogenesis of USH2A is discussed. We review animal cell-derived and patient cell-derived models currently used in USH2A research and conclude with an overview of potential treatment strategies currently in preclinical development and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khine Zaw
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Livia S Carvalho
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - May T Aung-Htut
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Fletcher
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Steve D Wilton
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samuel McLenachan
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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11
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Choice of vector and surgical approach enables efficient cochlear gene transfer in nonhuman primate. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1359. [PMID: 35292639 PMCID: PMC8924271 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28969-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inner ear gene therapy using adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) promises to alleviate hearing and balance disorders. We previously established the benefits of Anc80L65 in targeting inner and outer hair cells in newborn mice. To accelerate translation to humans, we now report the feasibility and efficiency of the surgical approach and vector delivery in a nonhuman primate model. Five rhesus macaques were injected with AAV1 or Anc80L65 expressing eGFP using a transmastoid posterior tympanotomy approach to access the round window membrane after making a small fenestra in the oval window. The procedure was well tolerated. All but one animal showed cochlear eGFP expression 7–14 days following injection. Anc80L65 in 2 animals transduced up to 90% of apical inner hair cells; AAV1 was markedly less efficient at equal dose. Transduction for both vectors declined from apex to base. These data motivate future translational studies to evaluate gene therapy for human hearing disorders. Gene therapy using Adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) rescues hearing and balance deficits in mouse models of human disorders. Here, the authors show that AAVAnc80L65 allows efficient cochlear gene transfer in nonhuman primates, and motivate future studies to evaluate gene therapy for hearing and balance disorders.
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12
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Salah M, Moyaert J, Vanderveken O, Schepers S, Termote B, Van Rompaey V, Janssens de Varebeke S. Does Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) Gain Correlate With Radiological Findings in the Semi-Circular Canals in Patients Carrying the p.Pro51Ser (P51S) COCH Variant Causing DFNA9? Relationship Between the Three-Dimensional Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) and MR/CT Imaging. Otol Neurotol 2022; 43:e348-e354. [PMID: 35020687 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim was to determine whether 3D video-head-impulse-test vestibulo-ocular reflex (vHIT VOR)-gains correlate with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) lesions in a series of carriers of the p.(Pro51Ser)-variant (P51S) in the COCH-gene (DFNA9). Secondary aim was to compare routine imaging with second peer review radiologic lecture. STUDY DESIGN Analytical cross-sectional study. SETTING Secondary referral center. PATIENTS Twenty-four p.P51S carriers with MR and CT images. Eighteen carriers were selected of whom both 3D-vHIT and imaging data were available within a time interval of 24 months. INTERVENTIONS All imaging data were reassessed by two independent neuroradiologists. vHIT VOR-gains were correlated with semi-circular canal (SCC) lesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Correlation between vHIT VOR-gains and SCC lesions, and additional lesions detected during scientific lecture of imaging data. RESULTS The average gain of the ipsilateral labyrinth was significantly lower when positive CT (0.3215; p = 0.0122) and MR results (0.3215; p = 0.0134).92% of ears presented MR lesions on at least one SCC, whereas this was 75% on CT. The posterior SCC is the most frequently affected on MR and CT. Second lecture led to nine additional MR and 16 CT lesions. CONCLUSIONS Significant correlation was observed between radiological lesions at any SCC and lower average gain of the three ipsilateral SCC. The substantially larger number of lesions during scientific assessment stresses the need to fully inform radiologists concerning differential diagnosis to facilitate accurate diagnosis when planning imaging. Focal sclerosis and narrowing of SCC in DFNA9 represent a possible biomarker of advanced stages of otovestibular deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadi Salah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp
| | - Julie Moyaert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp
| | - Olivier Vanderveken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp
| | | | - Bruno Termote
- Department of Radiology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Vincent Van Rompaey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp
| | - Sebastien Janssens de Varebeke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
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13
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Lazareva LA, Elizbaryan IS, Azamatova SA, Muzaeva BR, Sushcheva NA. [Triggers and predictors of development and formation of sensorineural hearing loss]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2022; 87:34-43. [PMID: 35605270 DOI: 10.17116/otorino20228702134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to review the results of scientific researches in recent years in an expanded interdisciplinary view of the problem of etiopathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss, as well as the role of comorbidities and triggers in the formation of persistent changes in the audio-receiving part of the auditory analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Lazareva
- Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
| | | | - S A Azamatova
- Adygei Republican Center for Rehabilitation of the Adygea Republican Clinical Hospital, Republic of Adygea, Russia
| | - B R Muzaeva
- Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
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14
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Direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of the human inner ear may underlie COVID-19-associated audiovestibular dysfunction. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2021; 1:44. [PMID: 34870285 PMCID: PMC8633908 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-021-00044-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a pandemic respiratory and vascular disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. There is a growing number of sensory deficits associated with COVID-19 and molecular mechanisms underlying these deficits are incompletely understood. Methods We report a series of ten COVID-19 patients with audiovestibular symptoms such as hearing loss, vestibular dysfunction and tinnitus. To investigate the causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and audiovestibular dysfunction, we examine human inner ear tissue, human inner ear in vitro cellular models, and mouse inner ear tissue. Results We demonstrate that adult human inner ear tissue co-expresses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and FURIN cofactors required for virus entry. Furthermore, hair cells and Schwann cells in explanted human vestibular tissue can be infected by SARS-CoV-2, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy. We establish three human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived in vitro models of the inner ear for infection: two-dimensional otic prosensory cells (OPCs) and Schwann cell precursors (SCPs), and three-dimensional inner ear organoids. Both OPCs and SCPs express ACE2, TMPRSS2, and FURIN, with lower ACE2 and FURIN expression in SCPs. OPCs are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection; lower infection rates exist in isogenic SCPs. The inner ear organoids show that hair cells express ACE2 and are targets for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions Our results provide mechanistic explanations of audiovestibular dysfunction in COVID-19 patients and introduce hiPSC-derived systems for studying infectious human otologic disease.
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15
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Yu W, Zong S, Du P, Zhou P, Li H, Wang E, Xiao H. Role of the Stria Vascularis in the Pathogenesis of Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Narrative Review. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:774585. [PMID: 34867173 PMCID: PMC8640081 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.774585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is a common sensory impairment in humans caused by abnormalities in the inner ear. The stria vascularis is regarded as a major cochlear structure that can independently degenerate and influence the degree of hearing loss. This review summarizes the current literature on the role of the stria vascularis in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss resulting from different etiologies, focusing on both molecular events and signaling pathways, and further attempts to explore the underlying mechanisms at the cellular and molecular biological levels. In addition, the deficiencies and limitations of this field are discussed. With the rapid progress in scientific technology, new opportunities are arising to fully understand the role of the stria vascularis in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss, which, in the future, will hopefully lead to the prevention, early diagnosis, and improved treatment of sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shimin Zong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peiyu Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hejie Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Enhao Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjun Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Iyer JS, Yin B, Stankovic KM, Tearney GJ. Endomicroscopy of the human cochlea using a micro-optical coherence tomography catheter. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17932. [PMID: 34504113 PMCID: PMC8429662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is one of the most profound public health concerns of the modern era, affecting 466 million people today, and projected to affect 900 million by the year 2050. Advances in both diagnostics and therapeutics for SNHL have been impeded by the human cochlea’s inaccessibility for in vivo imaging, resulting from its extremely small size, convoluted coiled configuration, fragility, and deep encasement in dense bone. Here, we develop and demonstrate the ability of a sub-millimeter-diameter, flexible endoscopic probe interfaced with a micro-optical coherence tomography (μOCT) imaging system to enable micron-scale imaging of the inner ear’s sensory epithelium in cadaveric human inner ears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani S Iyer
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, 1350 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Biwei Yin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, 1350 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94503, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, 801 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Guillermo J Tearney
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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17
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Erni ST, Gill JC, Palaferri C, Fernandes G, Buri M, Lazarides K, Grandgirard D, Edge ASB, Leib SL, Roccio M. Hair Cell Generation in Cochlear Culture Models Mediated by Novel γ-Secretase Inhibitors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710159. [PMID: 34485296 PMCID: PMC8414802 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is prevalent within society affecting the quality of life of 460 million worldwide. In the majority of cases, this is due to insult or degeneration of mechanosensory hair cells in the cochlea. In adult mammals, hair cell loss is irreversible as sensory cells are not replaced spontaneously. Genetic inhibition of Notch signaling had been shown to induce hair cell formation by transdifferentiation of supporting cells in young postnatal rodents and provided an impetus for targeting Notch pathway with small molecule inhibitors for hearing restoration. Here, the oto-regenerative potential of different γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) was evaluated in complementary assay models, including cell lines, organotypic cultures of the organ of Corti and cochlear organoids to characterize two novel GSIs (CPD3 and CPD8). GSI-treatment induced hair cell gene expression in all these models and was effective in increasing hair cell numbers, in particular outer hair cells, both in baseline conditions and in response to ototoxic damage. Hair cells were generated from transdifferentiation of supporting cells. Similar findings were obtained in cochlear organoid cultures, used for the first time to probe regeneration following sisomicin-induced damage. Finally, effective absorption of a novel GSI through the round window membrane and hair cell induction was attained in a whole cochlea culture model and in vivo pharmacokinetic comparisons of transtympanic delivery of GSIs and different vehicle formulations were successfully conducted in guinea pigs. This preclinical evaluation of targeting Notch signaling with novel GSIs illustrates methods of characterization for hearing restoration molecules, enabling translation to more complex animal studies and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia T Erni
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - John C Gill
- Audion Therapeutics B.V., Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carlotta Palaferri
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Fernandes
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Buri
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Denis Grandgirard
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Albert S B Edge
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Stephen L Leib
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marta Roccio
- Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Missense Variant of Endoplasmic Reticulum Region of WFS1 Gene Causes Autosomal Dominant Hearing Loss without Syndromic Phenotype. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6624744. [PMID: 34258273 PMCID: PMC8260318 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6624744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Genetic variants in the WFS1 gene can cause Wolfram syndrome (WS) or autosomal dominant nonsyndromic low-frequency hearing loss (HL). This study is aimed at investigating the molecular basis of HL in an affected Chinese family and the genotype-phenotype correlation of WFS1 variants. Methods The clinical phenotype of the five-generation Chinese family was characterized using audiological examinations and pedigree analysis. Target exome sequencing of 129 known deafness genes and bioinformatics analysis were performed among six patients and four normal subjects to screen suspected pathogenic variants. We built a complete WFS1 protein model to assess the potential effects of the variant on protein structure. Results A novel heterozygous pathogenic variant NM_006005.3 c.2020G>T (p.Gly674Trp) was identified in the WFS1 gene, located in the C-terminal domain of the wolframin protein. We further showed that HL-related WFS1 missense variants were mainly concentrated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) domain. In contrast, WS-related missense variants are randomly distributed throughout the protein. Conclusions In this family, we identified a novel variant p.Gly674Trp of WFS1 as the primary pathogenic variant causing the low-frequency sensorineural HL, enriching the mutational spectrum of the WFS1 gene.
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19
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Stojkovic M, Han D, Jeong M, Stojkovic P, Stankovic KM. Human induced pluripotent stem cells and CRISPR/Cas-mediated targeted genome editing: Platforms to tackle sensorineural hearing loss. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:673-696. [PMID: 33586253 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is a major global health problem of pandemic proportions. The most common type of HL is sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) which typically occurs when cells within the inner ear are damaged. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be generated from any individual including those who suffer from different types of HL. The development of new differentiation protocols to obtain cells of the inner ear including hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) promises to expedite cell-based therapy and screening of potential pharmacologic and genetic therapies using human models. Considering age-related, acoustic, ototoxic, and genetic insults which are the most frequent causes of irreversible damage of HCs and SGNs, new methods of genome editing (GE), especially the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, could bring additional opportunities to understand the pathogenesis of human SNHL and identify novel therapies. However, important challenges associated with both hiPSCs and GE need to be overcome before scientific discoveries are correctly translated to effective and patient-safe applications. The purpose of the present review is (a) to summarize the findings from published reports utilizing hiPSCs for studies of SNHL, hence complementing recent reviews focused on animal studies, and (b) to outline promising future directions for deciphering SNHL using disruptive molecular and genomic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miodrag Stojkovic
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dongjun Han
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Minjin Jeong
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Petra Stojkovic
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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20
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Roccio M. Directed differentiation and direct reprogramming: Applying stem cell technologies to hearing research. Stem Cells 2020; 39:375-388. [PMID: 33378797 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most widely spread sensory disorder in our society. In the majority of cases, it is caused by the loss or malfunctioning of cells in the cochlea: the mechanosensory hair cells, which act as primary sound receptors, and the connecting auditory neurons of the spiral ganglion, which relay the signal to upper brain centers. In contrast to other vertebrates, where damage to the hearing organ can be repaired through the activity of resident cells, acting as tissue progenitors, in mammals, sensory cell damage or loss is irreversible. The understanding of gene and cellular functions, through analysis of different animal models, has helped to identify causes of disease and possible targets for hearing restoration. Translation of these findings to novel therapeutics is, however, hindered by the lack of cellular assays, based on human sensory cells, to evaluate the conservation of molecular pathways across species and the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies. In the last decade, stem cell technologies enabled to generate human sensory cell types in vitro, providing novel tools to study human inner ear biology, model disease, and validate therapeutics. This review focuses specifically on two technologies: directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of somatic cell types to sensory hair cells and neurons. Recent development in the field are discussed as well as how these tools could be implemented to become routinely adopted experimental models for hearing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Roccio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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He L, Guo JY, Liu K, Wang GP, Gong SS. Research progress on flat epithelium of the inner ear. Physiol Res 2020; 69:775-785. [PMID: 32901490 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo, resulting from lesions in the sensory epithelium of the inner ear, have a high incidence worldwide. The sensory epithelium of the inner ear may exhibit extreme degeneration and is transformed to flat epithelium (FE) in humans and mice with profound sensorineural hearing loss and/or vertigo. Various factors, including ototoxic drugs, noise exposure, aging, and genetic defects, can induce FE. Both hair cells and supporting cells are severely damaged in FE, and the normal cytoarchitecture of the sensory epithelium is replaced by a monolayer of very thin, flat cells of irregular contour. The pathophysiologic mechanism of FE is unclear but involves robust cell division. The cellular origin of flat cells in FE is heterogeneous; they may be transformed from supporting cells that have lost some features of supporting cells (dedifferentiation) or may have migrated from the flanking region. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition may play an important role in this process. The treatment of FE is challenging given the severe degeneration and loss of both hair cells and supporting cells. Cochlear implant or vestibular prosthesis implantation, gene therapy, and stem cell therapy show promise for the treatment of FE, although many challenges remain to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. ,
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22
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Zhang L, Wu X, Lin X. Gene therapy for genetic mutations affecting non-sensory cells in the cochlea. Hear Res 2020; 394:107858. [PMID: 31791650 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.107858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Congenital hearing loss (HL) affects about 1 in every 500 infants. Among those affected more than half are caused by genetic mutations. According to the cellular sites affected by mutations in the cochlea, deafness genes could be classified into three major groups: those affecting the function of hair cells and synapses, cochlear supporting cells, and cells in the stria vascularis (SV) as well as in the lateral wall. The second and third groups account for more than half of all sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) cases caused by genetic mutations. Current major treatment options for SNHL patients are hearing aids and cochlear implants (CIs). Hearing aids can only help patients with moderate to severe HL. Resolution of CIs is still improving and these devices are quite expensive especially when lifetime rehabilitation and maintenance costs are included. Tremendous efforts have been made to find novel treatments that are expected to restore hearing with higher-resolution and more natural quality, and to have a significantly lower cost over the lifetime of uses. Gene therapy studies have made impressive progresses in preclinical trials. This review focuses on deafness genes that affect supporting cells and cells in the SV of the cochlea. We will discuss recent progresses and remaining challenges for gene therapies targeting mutations in deafness genes belonging to this category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-3030, USA
| | - Xuewen Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-3030, USA
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-3030, USA.
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23
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Optical coherence tomography: current and future clinical applications in otology. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 28:296-301. [PMID: 32833887 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews literature on the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in otology and provides the reader with a timely update on its current clinical and research applications. The discussion focuses on the principles of OCT, the use of the technology for the diagnosis of middle ear disease and for the delineation of in-vivo cochlear microarchitecture and function. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances in OCT include the measurement of structural and vibratory properties of the tympanic membrane, ossicles and inner ear in healthy and diseased states. Accurate, noninvasive diagnosis of middle ear disease, such as otosclerosis and acute otitis media using OCT, has been validated in clinical studies, whereas inner ear OCT imaging remains at the preclinical stage. The development of recent microscopic, otoscopic and endoscopic systems to address clinical and research problems is reviewed. SUMMARY OCT is a real-time, noninvasive, nonionizing, point-of-care imaging modality capable of imaging ear structures in vivo. Although current clinical systems are mainly focused on middle ear imaging, OCT has also been shown to have the ability to identify inner ear disease, an exciting possibility that will become increasingly relevant with the advent of targeted inner ear therapies.
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Transcript Profiles of Stria Vascularis in Models of Waardenburg Syndrome. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:2908182. [PMID: 32802035 PMCID: PMC7416267 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2908182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Waardenburg syndrome is an uncommon genetic condition characterized by at least some degree of congenital hearing loss and pigmentation deficiencies. However, the genetic pathway affecting the development of stria vascularis is not fully illustrated. Methods The transcript profile of stria vascularis of Waardenburg syndrome was studied using Mitf-M mutant pig and mice models. Therefore, GO analysis was performed to identify the differential gene expression caused by Mitf-M mutation. Results There were 113 genes in tyrosine metabolism, melanin formation, and ion transportations showed significant changes in pig models and 191 genes in mice models. In addition, there were some spice's specific gene changes in the stria vascularis in the mouse and porcine models. The expression of tight junction-associated genes, including Cadm1, Cldn11, Pcdh1, Pcdh19, and Cdh24 genes, were significantly higher in porcine models compared to mouse models. Vascular-related and ion channel-related genes in the stria vascularis were also shown significantly difference between the two species. The expression of Col2a1, Col3a1, Col11a1, and Col11a2 genes were higher, and the expression of Col8a2, Cd34, and Ncam genes were lower in the porcine models compared to mouse models. Conclusions Our data suggests that there is a significant difference on the gene expression and function between these two models.
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Van Rompaey V. Making the Case for Research on Disease-Modifying Treatments to Tackle Post-lingual Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Front Neurol 2020; 11:290. [PMID: 32373054 PMCID: PMC7186466 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss not only has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and society, but its correlation with cognitive decline in an aging population will also increase the risk of incident dementia. While current management of hearing loss is focused on hearing rehabilitation (and essentially symptomatic), patients are suffering from the burden of progressive hearing loss before hearing aids or cochlear implants are fitted. Although these devices have a significant effect on speech understanding, they do not always lead to normal speech understanding, especially in noisy environments. A significant number of patients suffer from autosomal dominantly inherited disorders that can produce progressive sensorineural hearing loss. This includes DFNA9, a disorder caused by pathologic variants in the COCH gene that leads to post-lingual profound sensorineural hearing loss and bilateral vestibulopathy. Carriers of a pathogenic variant leading to DFNA9 can be diagnosed at the pre-symptomatic or early symptomatic stage which creates a window of opportunity for treatment. Preventing hearing loss from occurring or stabilizing progression would provide the opportunity to avoid hearing aids or cochlear implants and would be able to reduce the increased incidence of dementia. While innovative therapies for restoration of hearing have been studied for restoration of hearing in case of severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss and congenital hearing loss, further research is needed to study how we can modify disease progression in late-onset autosomal dominant hereditary sensorineural hearing loss. Recently, gene editing strategies have been explored in autosomal dominant disorders to disrupt dominant mutations selectively without affecting wild-type alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Van Rompaey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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26
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Novel insights into inner ear development and regeneration for targeted hearing loss therapies. Hear Res 2019; 397:107859. [PMID: 31810596 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.107859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans. Despite the global scale of the problem, only limited treatment options are available today. The mammalian inner ear is a highly specialized postmitotic organ, which lacks proliferative or regenerative capacity. Since the discovery of hair cell regeneration in non-mammalian species however, much attention has been placed on identifying possible strategies to reactivate similar responses in humans. The development of successful regenerative approaches for hearing loss strongly depends on a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that control human inner ear cellular specification, differentiation and function, as well as on the development of robust in vitro cellular assays, based on human inner ear cells, to study these processes and optimize therapeutic interventions. We summarize here some aspects of inner ear development and strategies to induce regeneration that have been investigated in rodents. Moreover, we discuss recent findings in human inner ear development and compare the results with findings from animal models. Finally, we provide an overview of strategies for in vitro generation of human sensory cells from pluripotent and somatic progenitors that may provide a platform for drug development and validation of therapeutic strategies in vitro.
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