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Calatayud DG, Lledos M, Casarsa F, Pascu SI. Functional Diversity in Radiolabeled Nanoceramics and Related Biomaterials for the Multimodal Imaging of Tumors. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2023; 3:389-417. [PMID: 37876497 PMCID: PMC10591303 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology advances have the potential to assist toward the earlier detection of diseases, giving increased accuracy for diagnosis and helping to personalize treatments, especially in the case of noncommunicative diseases (NCDs) such as cancer. The main advantage of nanoparticles, the scaffolds underpinning nanomedicine, is their potential to present multifunctionality: synthetic nanoplatforms for nanomedicines can be tailored to support a range of biomedical imaging modalities of relevance for clinical practice, such as, for example, optical imaging, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET). A single nanoparticle has the potential to incorporate myriads of contrast agent units or imaging tracers, encapsulate, and/or be conjugated to different combinations of imaging tags, thus providing the means for multimodality diagnostic methods. These arrangements have been shown to provide significant improvements to the signal-to-noise ratios that may be obtained by molecular imaging techniques, for example, in PET diagnostic imaging with nanomaterials versus the cases when molecular species are involved as radiotracers. We surveyed some of the main discoveries in the simultaneous incorporation of nanoparticulate materials and imaging agents within highly kinetically stable radio-nanomaterials as potential tracers with (pre)clinical potential. Diversity in function and new developments toward synthesis, radiolabeling, and microscopy investigations are explored, and preclinical applications in molecular imaging are highlighted. The emphasis is on the biocompatible materials at the forefront of the main preclinical developments, e.g., nanoceramics and liposome-based constructs, which have driven the evolution of diagnostic radio-nanomedicines over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Calatayud
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Department
of Electroceramics, Instituto de Cerámica
y Vidrio, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Marina Lledos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Casarsa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- Centre
of Therapeutic Innovations, University of
Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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2
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Fernandes SS, Egea MB, Salas-Mellado MDLM, Segura-Campos MR. Chia Oil and Mucilage Nanoemulsion: Potential Strategy to Protect a Functional Ingredient. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087384. [PMID: 37108546 PMCID: PMC10139160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoencapsulation can increase the stability of bioactive compounds, ensuring protection against physical, chemical, or biological degradations, and allows to control of the release of these biocompounds. Chia oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids-8% corresponds to omega 3 and 19% to omega 6-resulting in high susceptibility to oxidation. Encapsulation techniques allow the addition of chia oil to food to maintain its functionality. In this sense, one strategy is to use the nanoemulsion technique to protect chia oil from degradation. Therefore, this review aims to present the state-of-the-art use of nanoemulsion as a new encapsulation approach to chia oil. Furthermore, the chia mucilage-another chia seed product-is an excellent material for encapsulation due to its good emulsification properties (capacity and stability), solubility, and water and oil retention capacities. Currently, most studies of chia oil focus on microencapsulation, with few studies involving nanoencapsulation. Chia oil nanoemulsion using chia mucilage presents itself as a strategy for adding chia oil to foods, guaranteeing the functionality and oxidative stability of this oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibele Santos Fernandes
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av Italy km 8, Carreiros 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Buranelo Egea
- Goiano Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Campus Rio Verde, Sul Goiana, Km 01, Rio Verde 75901-970, Brazil
| | | | - Maira Rubi Segura-Campos
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Yucatán, Periférico Norte km 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Mexico
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García‐Acevedo P, González‐Gómez MA, Arnosa‐Prieto Á, de Castro‐Alves L, Piñeiro Y, Rivas J. Role of Dipolar Interactions on the Determination of the Effective Magnetic Anisotropy in Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2203397. [PMID: 36509677 PMCID: PMC9929252 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Challenging magnetic hyperthermia (MH) applications of immobilized magnetic nanoparticles require detailed knowledge of the effective anisotropy constant (Keff ) to maximize heat release. Designing optimal MH experiments entails the precise determination of magnetic properties, which are, however, affected by the unavoidable concurrence of magnetic interactions in common experimental conditions. In this work, a mean-field energy barrier model (ΔE), accounting for anisotropy (EA ) and magnetic dipolar (ED ) energy, is proposed and used in combination with AC measurements to a specifically developed model system of spherical magnetic nanoparticles with well-controlled silica shells, acting as a spacer between the magnetic cores. This approach makes it possible to experimentally demonstrate the mean field dipolar interaction energy prediction with the interparticle distance, dij , ED ≈ 1/dij 3 and obtain the EA as the asymptotic limit for very large dij . In doing so, Keff uncoupled from interaction contributions is obtained for the model system (iron oxide cores with average sizes of 8.1, 10.2, and 15.3 nm) revealing to be 48, 23, and 11 kJ m-3 , respectively, close to bulk magnetite/maghemite values and independent from the specific spacing shell thicknesses selected for the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelayo García‐Acevedo
- NANOMAG LaboratoryApplied Physics DepartmentMaterials Institute (iMATUS)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela15782Spain
| | - Manuel A. González‐Gómez
- NANOMAG LaboratoryApplied Physics DepartmentMaterials Institute (iMATUS)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela15782Spain
| | - Ángela Arnosa‐Prieto
- NANOMAG LaboratoryApplied Physics DepartmentMaterials Institute (iMATUS)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela15782Spain
| | - Lisandra de Castro‐Alves
- NANOMAG LaboratoryApplied Physics DepartmentMaterials Institute (iMATUS)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela15782Spain
| | - Yolanda Piñeiro
- NANOMAG LaboratoryApplied Physics DepartmentMaterials Institute (iMATUS)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela15782Spain
| | - José Rivas
- NANOMAG LaboratoryApplied Physics DepartmentMaterials Institute (iMATUS)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela15782Spain
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Kouser M, Chowhan B, Sharma N, Gupta M. Transformation of Waste Toner Powder into Valuable Fe 2O 3 Nanoparticles for the Preparation of Recyclable Co(II)-NH 2-SiO 2@Fe 2O 3 and Its Applications in the Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline and Quinazoline Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47619-47633. [PMID: 36591190 PMCID: PMC9798778 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ecological recycling of waste materials by converting them into valuable nanomaterials can be considered a great opportunity for management and fortification of the environment. This article deals with the environment-friendly synthesis of Fe2O3 nanoparticles (composed of α-Fe2O3 and γ-Fe2O3) using waste toner powder (WTP) via calcination. Fe2O3 nanoparticles were then coated with silica using TEOS, functionalized with silane (APTMS), and immobilized with Co(II) to get the desired biocompatible and cost-effective catalyst, i.e., Co(II)-NH2-SiO2@Fe2O3. The structural features in terms of evaluation of morphology, particle size, presence of functional groups, polycrystallinity, and metal content over the surface were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) studies. XPS confirmed the (II) oxidation state of Co, and ICP-AES and EDX supported the loading of Co(II) over the surface of the support. P-XRD proved the polycrystalline nature of the Fe2O3 core and even after functionalization. In comparison to previously reported methods, Co(II)-NH2-SiO2@Fe2O3 provides an eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline and quinazoline derivatives with several advantages such as a short reaction time and high yield. Polyhydroquinoline and quinazoline derivatives are important scaffolds in pharmacologically active compounds. Moreover, the developed nanocatalyst was recyclable, and HR-TEM and P-XRD confirmed the agglomeration in the recycled catalyst resulted in a decrease in yield after the fifth run. The present protocol provides a new strategy of recycling e-waste into a heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the synthesis of heterocycles via multicomponent reactions. This made the synthesized catalyst convincingly more superior to other previously reported catalysts for organic transformations.
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Kokila GN, Mallikarjunaswamy C, Ranganatha VL. A review on synthesis and applications of versatile nanomaterials. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2022.2081189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. N. Kokila
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - C. Mallikarjunaswamy
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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6
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Veetil R, Soundiraraju B, Mathew D, Kalamblayil Sankaranarayanan SK. End-Terminated Poly(urethane-urea) Hybrid Approach toward Nanoporous/Microfilament Morphology. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6280-6291. [PMID: 35224390 PMCID: PMC8867484 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the effect of heteroatomic hydrogen bonding on the properties of -OH/-NH-terminated soft-segment-free polymers, viz, polyurethane (P-UT), polyurea (P-UR), and their hybrid (P-UT-UR), is explored. P-UT was synthesized from phloroglucinol and P-UR was synthesized from 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine by employing hexamethylene diisocyanate as a counterpart. P-UT exhibited a spherulitic structure with varying sizes, whereas P-UR displayed a fibrillar structure characteristic as that of crystalline hard segments. The P-UT-UR hybrid exhibited a fine nanospherulitic structure with a high order of interconnectivity. Negative surface skewness values of -0.47 and -0.18 were measured (by AFM) for P-UT and P-UT-UR, respectively, which revealed that the surface is not smooth and is covered with features. Due to the increased H-bonding (-N-H···O-H) in P-UT-UR, its transparency decreased. A block copolymer hybrid of urethane-urea was synthesized, which preferred homoatomic H-bonding, whereas random urethane/urea bridges favored hetreoheteroatom H-bonding. A pentafluorophenyl end-functional hybrid (PFI-P-UT-UR) was synthesized, which displayed filaments of ∼2-3 μm length in contrast to the interconnected nanospherulitic structure observed for P-UT-UR. The self-aggregation and end folding led to the formation of a filament structure. By altering the chemical structure slightly, nano-ordered polyurethanes or their hybrids can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi
Edachery Veetil
- Polymers
and Special Chemicals Division, Vikram Sarabhai
Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, India
| | - Bhuvaneswari Soundiraraju
- Analytical
and Spectroscopy Division, Vikram Sarabhai
Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, India
| | - Dona Mathew
- Polymers
and Special Chemicals Division, Vikram Sarabhai
Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, India
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7
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Mahajan R, Suriyanarayanan S, Nicholls IA. Improved Solvothermal Synthesis of γ-Fe 2O 3 Magnetic Nanoparticles for SiO 2 Coating. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1889. [PMID: 34443719 PMCID: PMC8398533 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse magnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared by a simple, improved, one-pot solvothermal synthesis using SDS and PEG 6000 as double capping reagents. This double protecting layer afforded better MNP uniformity (Z average 257 ± 11.12 nm, PDI = 0.18) and colloidal stability. Materials were characterized by DLS, SEM, TEM, XPS, and XRD. The use of these MNPs in the synthesis of core-shell structures with uniform and tunable silica coatings was demonstrated, as silica coated MNPs are important for use in a range of applications, including magnetic separation and catalysis and as platforms for templated nanogel synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Mahajan
- Linnaeus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden;
| | - Subramanian Suriyanarayanan
- Linnaeus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden;
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8
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Khalil Z, Farrukh MA. An efficient nanofiltration system containing mixture of rice husk ash and Fe/CeO 2–SiO 2 nanocomposite for the removal of azo dye and pesticide. PURE APPL CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2020-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fe/CeO2–SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized by using zwitterionic surfactant 3-(N,N-dimethyloctadecylammonio) propane sulfonate (SB3-18) by sol–gel and hydrothermal methods. The nanocomposite was well characterized before its use. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirmed the synthesis of the Fe/CeO2–SiO2 nanocomposite. Crystallite size calculated by using Scherrer equation was 5.33 nm while it was found 5.26 nm by Williamson–Hall equation. Bandgap of Fe/CeO2–SiO2 nanocomposite shows redshift after the doping of Fe. Degradation studies of methylene blue (MB) and chlorpyrifos (CP) were investigated by nanofiltration (NF) column under visible light irradiation. Degradation and adsorption of MB was investigated by three different types of columns under visible light irradiation. It was observed to achieve 100 % removal of MB and 91 % of CP through column in which rice husk ash (RHA) slurry was mixed with the nanocomposite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubaida Khalil
- Nano-Chemistry Laboratory, Government College University Lahore , Lahore 54000 , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh
- Department of Chemistry , Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) , Ferozepur Road , Lahore 54600 , Pakistan
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9
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Fernandes SS, Bernardino JCC, Owen PQ, Prentice C, Salas‐Mellado MDLM, Segura‐Campos MR. Effect of the use of ethanol and chia mucilage on the obtainment and techno‐functional properties of chia oil nanoemulsions. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sibele Santos Fernandes
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Prentice
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil
| | | | - Maira Rubi Segura‐Campos
- Laboratory of Food Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Autonomous University of Yucatán Mérida Mexico
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10
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Modification of Fe2O3-contained lignocellulose nanocomposite with silane group to remove nitrate and bacterial contaminations from wastewater. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-019-00749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Farrukh MA, Butt KM, Chong KK, Chang WS. Photoluminescence emission behavior on the reduced band gap of Fe doping in CeO2-SiO2 nanocomposite and photophysical properties. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Arshad M, Abbas M, Ehtisham-ul-Haque S, Farrukh MA, Ali A, Rizvi H, Soomro GA, Ghaffar A, Yameen M, Iqbal M. Synthesis and characterization of SiO2 doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles: Photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity evaluation. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Popkov V, Tolstoy V, Nevedomskiy V. Peroxide route to the synthesis of ultrafine CeO 2-Fe 2O 3 nanocomposite via successive ionic layer deposition. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01443. [PMID: 30976704 PMCID: PMC6441835 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An ultrafine α-CeO2-α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite was prepared from the ultradispersed nanoparticles of cerium (IV) and iron (III) amorphous hydroxides heat-treated at 600 °С and 900 °С in the air. The initial composites were obtained by the successive ionic layer deposition (SILD) method. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), the cerium/iron ratio in the synthesized nanocomposite is close to 1:2, and the α-CeO2 and α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals are isometrically shaped and have an average size of 4 ± 1 and 7 ± 1 nm (600 °С) and 24 ± 2 and 35 ± 3 nm (900 °С), respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) have shown that nanocrystals are evenly distributed in the composite volume and are spatially conjugated. The formation mechanisms of both initial amorphous composites of cerium (IV) and iron (III) hydroxides and of α-CeO2 and α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals were established. It was shown that synthesis of the initial hydroxide composite using the SILD method proceeds via the formation of amorphous cerium hydroxo-peroxide (CeO(OOH)2). As a result of the study, a schematic mechanism for the formation of a composite based on ultrafine nanocrystals of cerium (IV) and iron (III) oxides has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V.I. Popkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, Petergof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russian Federation
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation
- Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, 26 Moskovsky Prospect, St. Petersburg, 190013, Russian Federation
| | - V.P. Tolstoy
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, Petergof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russian Federation
| | - V.N. Nevedomskiy
- Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation
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14
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Polymer-based materials modified with magnetite nanoparticles for enrichment of phospholipids. Talanta 2018; 180:162-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Imadadulla M, Nemakal M, Koodlur Sannegowda L. Solvent dependent dispersion behaviour of macrocycle stabilized cobalt nanoparticles and their applications. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt nanoparticles have been prepared by using amine phthalocyanine as a stabilizing agent in one step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Imadadulla
- Department of Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
| | - Manjunath Nemakal
- Department of Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
| | - Lokesh Koodlur Sannegowda
- Department of Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
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16
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Nazeer MA, Yilgor E, Yagci MB, Unal U, Yilgor I. Effect of reaction solvent on hydroxyapatite synthesis in sol-gel process. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:171098. [PMID: 29308248 PMCID: PMC5750015 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) through sol-gel process in different solvent systems is reported. Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CNTH) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP) were used as calcium and phosphorus precursors, respectively. Three different synthesis reactions were carried out by changing the solvent media, while keeping all other process parameters constant. A measure of 0.5 M aqueous DAHP solution was used in all reactions while CNTH was dissolved in distilled water, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at a concentration of 0.5 M. Ammonia solution (28-30%) was used to maintain the pH of the reaction mixtures in the 10-12 range. All reactions were carried out at 40 ± 2°C for 4 h. Upon completion of the reactions, products were filtered, washed and calcined at 500°C for 2 h. It was clearly demonstrated through various techniques that the dielectric constant and polarity of the solvent mixture strongly influence the chemical structure and morphological properties of calcium phosphate synthesized. Water-based reaction medium, with highest dielectric constant, mainly produced β-calcium pyrophosphate (β-CPF) with a minor amount of HA. DMF/water system yielded HA as the major phase with a very minor amount of β-CPF. THF/water solvent system with the lowest dielectric constant resulted in the formation of pure HA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Iskender Yilgor
- Kuytam Surface Science and Technology Center, Chemistry Department, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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