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Zhao B, Richardson RE, You F. Microplastics monitoring in freshwater systems: A review of global efforts, knowledge gaps, and research priorities. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135329. [PMID: 39088945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
The escalating production of synthetic plastics and inadequate waste management have led to pervasive microplastic (MP) contamination in aquatic ecosystems. MPs, typically defined as particles smaller than 5 mm, have become an emerging pollutant in freshwater environments. While significant concern about MPs has risen since 2014, research has predominantly concentrated on marine settings, there is an urgent need for a more in-depth critical review to systematically summarize the current global efforts, knowledge gaps, and research priorities for MP monitoring in freshwater systems. This review evaluates the current understanding of MP monitoring in freshwater environments by examining the distribution, characteristics, and sources of MPs, alongside the progression of analytical methods with quantitative evidence. Our findings suggest that MPs are widely distributed in global freshwater systems, with higher abundances found in areas with intense human economic activities, such as the United States, Europe, and China. MP abundance distributions vary across different water bodies (e.g., rivers, lakes, estuaries, and wetlands), with sampling methods and size range selections significantly influencing reported MP abundances. Despite great global efforts, there is still a lack of harmonized analyzing framework and understanding of MP pollution in specific regions and facilities. Future research should prioritize the development of standardized analysis protocols and open-source MP datasets to facilitate data comparison. Additionally, exploring the potential of state-of-the-art artificial intelligence for rapid, accurate, and large-scale modeling and characterization of MPs is crucial to inform effective strategies for managing MP pollution in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ruth E Richardson
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Fengqi You
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Systems Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Siwach S, Bharti M, Yadav S, Dolkar P, Modeel S, Yadav P, Negi T, Negi RK. Unveiling the ecotoxicological impact of microplastics on organisms - the persistent organic pollutant (POP): A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 266:104397. [PMID: 39059355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics have been ubiquitous in our environment for decades, and numerous studies have revealed their extensive dispersion, reaching far beyond the surface of the land, soil, aquatic ecosystems. They have infiltrated the food-chain, the food web, even the air we breathe, as well as the water we drink. Microplastics have been detected in the food we consume, acting as vectors for hazardous chemicals that adhere to their hydrophobic surfaces. This can result in the transfer of these chemicals to the aquatic life, posing a threat to their well-being. The release of microplastics into different environmental settings can give rise to various eco-toxicological implications. The substantial body of literature has led scientists to the consensus that microplastic pollution is a global problem with the potential to impact virtually any type of ecosystem. This paper aims to discuss crucial information regarding the occurrence, accumulation, and ecological effects of microplastics on organisms. It also highlights the new and emerging disease named "Plasticosis" that is directly linked to microplastics and its toxicological effects like permanent scarring and long-term inflammation in the digestive system of the seabirds. By comprehending the behaviour of these microplastic pollutants in diverse habitats and evaluating their ecological consequences, it becomes possible to facilitate a better understanding of this toxicological issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Siwach
- Fish Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, North campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Meghali Bharti
- Fish Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, North campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sheetal Yadav
- Fish Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, North campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Padma Dolkar
- Fish Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, North campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sonakshi Modeel
- Fish Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, North campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Fish Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, North campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Tarana Negi
- Government College, Dujana, Jhajjar, Haryana 124102, India
| | - Ram Krishan Negi
- Fish Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, North campus, Delhi 110007, India.
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Sandoval MA, Calzadilla W, Vidal J, Brillas E, Salazar-González R. Contaminants of emerging concern: Occurrence, analytical techniques, and removal with electrochemical advanced oxidation processes with special emphasis in Latin America. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123397. [PMID: 38272166 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in environmental systems is gradually more studied worldwide. However, in Latin America, the presence of contaminants of emerging concern, together with their environmental and toxicological impacts, has recently been gaining wide interest in the scientific community. This paper presents a critical review about the source, fate, and occurrence of distinct emerging contaminants reported during the last two decades in various countries of Latin America. In recent years, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia are the main countries that have conducted research on the presence of these pollutants in biological and aquatic compartments. Data gathered indicated that pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and personal care products are the most assessed CECs in Latin America, being the most common compounds the followings: atrazine, acenaphthene, caffeine, carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin, diclofenac, diuron, estrone, losartan, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim. Most common analytical methodologies for identifying these compounds were HPLC and GC coupled with mass spectrometry with the potential to characterize and quantify complex substances in the environment at low concentrations. Most CECs' monitoring and detection were observed near to urban areas which confirm the out-of-date wastewater treatment plants and sanitization infrastructures limiting the removal of these pollutants. Therefore, the implementation of tertiary treatment should be required. In this tenor, this review also summarizes some studies of CECs removal using electrochemical advanced oxidation processes that showed satisfactory performance. Finally, challenges, recommendations, and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Sandoval
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Guanajuato, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Carretera Estatal Guanajuato-Puentecillas Km. 10.5, 36262, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Wendy Calzadilla
- Research Group of Analysis, Treatments, Electrochemistry, Recovery and Reuse of Water, (WATER2), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Jorge Vidal
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Enric Brillas
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Salazar-González
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile.
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Vélez-Terreros PY, Romero-Estévez D, Yánez-Jácome GS. Microplastics in Ecuador: A review of environmental and health-risk assessment challenges. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23232. [PMID: 38163182 PMCID: PMC10754870 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollution from plastic debris and microplastics (MPs) is a worldwide issue. Classified as emerging contaminants, MPs have become widespread and have been found not only in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems but also within the food chain, which affects both the environment and human health. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the consumption of single-use plastics has drastically increased, intensifying mismanaged plastic waste in countries such as Ecuador. Therefore, the aim of this review is to 1) summarize the state of MP-related knowledge, focusing on studies conducted with environmental matrices, biota, and food, and 2) analyze the efforts by different national authorities and entities in Ecuador to control MP contamination. Results showed a limited number of studies have been done in Ecuador, which have mainly focused on the surface water of coastal areas, followed by studies on sediment and food. MPs were identified in all samples, indicating the lack of wastewater management policies, deficient management of solid wastes, and the contribution of anthropogenic activities such as artisanal fishing and aquaculture to water ecosystem pollution, which affects food webs. Moreover, studies have shown that food contamination can occur through atmospheric deposition of MPs; however, ingredients and inputs from food production, processing, and packaging, as well as food containers, contribute to MP occurrence in food. Further research is needed to develop more sensitive, precise, and reliable detection methods and assess MPs' impact on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, biota, and human health. In Ecuador specifically, implementing wastewater treatment plants in major cities, continuously monitoring MP coastal contamination, and establishing environmental and food safety regulations are crucial. Additionally, national authorities need to develop programs to raise public awareness of plastic use and its environmental effects, as well as MP exposure's effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Y. Vélez-Terreros
- Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Pichincha, 170525, Ecuador
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Gündoğdu S, Kutlu B, Özcan T, Büyükdeveci F, Blettler MCM. Microplastic pollution in two remote rivers of Türkiye. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:791. [PMID: 37261625 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems presents an emerging environmental threat that can have adverse effects on ecology, endanger aquatic species, and result in economic damage. Despite the numerous studies reporting the presence of microplastics in marine environments, research into their presence in freshwater systems or inland waters remains limited. This study aimed to assess the level of microplastic pollution transported by the Munzur and Pülümür Rivers and some small rivers that flow into the Uzunçayır dam lake, which is the confluence of the Munzur and Pülümür Rivers in Türkiye. Samples were collected from 23 stations, with the concentration of microplastics ranging from 0.01 MP/m3 at P-4 station to 28.21 MP/m3 at P-10, a station located near a city. Microplastics comprise four types: fiber, film, fragment, and glitter. The average size of microplastics was 1.46 ± 0.05 mm, with the average size of fibers, films, fragments, and glitter-type microplastics being 1.58 ± 0.07 mm, 1.23 ± 0.10 mm, 1.21 ± 0.11 mm, and 0.78 ± 0.16 mm, respectively. The most frequent polymers were polyethylene (31.8%), polystyrene (21.1%), and polypropylene (10.5%). Despite being considered remote and less populated rivers compared to other river systems in Türkiye, all sampling sites showed varying concentrations of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Gündoğdu
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Basic Sciences, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Banu Kutlu
- Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Basic Sciences, Munzur University, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Tahir Özcan
- Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Iskenderun Technical University, TR-31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Büyükdeveci
- Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
- Adana Directorate of Provincial Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Martin C M Blettler
- The National Institute of Limnology (INALI; CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
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Nantege D, Odong R, Auta HS, Keke UN, Ndatimana G, Assie AF, Arimoro FO. Microplastic pollution in riverine ecosystems: threats posed on macroinvertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27839-9. [PMID: 37248351 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are pollutants of emerging concern that have been reported in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems as well as in food items. The increasing production and use of plastic materials have led to a rise in MP pollution in aquatic ecosystems. This review aimed at providing an overview of the abundance and distribution of MPs in riverine ecosystems and the potential effects posed on macroinvertebrates. Microplastics in riverine ecosystems are reported in all regions, with less research in Africa, South America, and Oceania. The abundance and distribution of MPs in riverine ecosystems are mainly affected by population density, economic activities, seasons, and hydraulic regimes. Ingestion of MPs has also been reported in riverine macroinvertebrates and has been incorporated in caddisflies cases. Further, bivalves and chironomids have been reported as potential indicators of MPs in aquatic ecosystems due to their ability to ingest MPs relative to environmental concentration. Fiber and fragments are the most common types reported. Meanwhile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (polyester), polyamide, and polyvinyl chloride are the most common polymers. These MPs are from materials/polymers commonly used for packaging, shopping/carrier bags, fabrics/textiles, and construction. Ingestion of MPs by macroinvertebrates can physically harm and inhibit growth, reproduction, feeding, and moulting, thus threatening their survival. In addition, MP ingestion can trigger enzymatic changes and cause oxidative stress in the organisms. There is a need to regulate the production and use of plastic materials, as well as disposal of the wastes to reduce MP pollution in riverine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Nantege
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria.
- Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Robinson Odong
- Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Helen Shnada Auta
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
| | - Unique Ndubuisi Keke
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
| | - Gilbert Ndatimana
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
| | - Attobla Fulbert Assie
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
| | - Francis Ofurum Arimoro
- Applied Hydrobiology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
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Li T, Liu K, Tang R, Liang JR, Mai L, Zeng EY. Environmental fate of microplastics in an urban river: Spatial distribution and seasonal variation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121227. [PMID: 36758926 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rivers are recognized as an important pathway for transport of microplastics (MPs) from land to sea, but limited information is available on the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of riverine MPs from upper reaches to estuaries. Such information is critical for source apportionment and development of effective management measures for riverine MPs. To fill the knowledge gap, we investigated the occurrence of MPs in surface water along an urban river in Guangzhou, southern China in wet and dry seasons. The abundances of MPs from 16 sampling sites in the wet and dry seasons varied from 0.123 to 1.84 particles m-3 and from 0.046 to 4.21 particles m-3, respectively. The spatial distribution of MP abundances showed an increasing trend from upstream to midstream and a decreasing trend from midstream to downstream and estuaries. The abundances of MPs peaked at the midstream, which is surrounded by a highly urbanized region with high population density (∼2530 persons per km2). The large surface water runoff during the wet season elevated the MP abundance in riverine water, except for that flowing through the central urban area where the abundance of MPs collected in the dry season was higher than that in the wet season. This was mainly ascribed to the large input from extensive anthropogenic activities and slow water flow rate in urban areas. The estimated monthly riverine MP fluxes from Humen, Hongqili, and Jiaomen were 7.42, 2.38, and 2.3 billion particles, respectively, in the wet season, and 0.86, 0.71, and 0.19 billion particles, respectively, in the dry season. An increase of riverine MP fluxes from Humen, Hongqili, and Jiaomen in the past three years was evident. The results from the present study provide valuable information for source apportionment of riverine MPs and support the initialization of possible MPs controlling measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Jun-Rong Liang
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Lei Mai
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Research Center of Low Carbon Economy for Guangzhou Region, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Ghinassi M, Michielotto A, Uguagliati F, Zattin M. Mechanisms of microplastics trapping in river sediments: Insights from the Arno river (Tuscany, Italy). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161273. [PMID: 36610632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rivers efficiently convey microplastics to the sea, but during this transfer microplastic can be temporary stored in sediments, where they undergo further fragmentation due to biological and physical processes. Aiming at shedding light on mechanisms governing microplastic sedimentation in rivers, we analyse deposits accumulated in alternate bars of the Arno River (central Italy). Specifically, we considered microplastics associated with floating plant debris, and those trapped in clastic suspended and bedload deposits. The overall concentration of microplastic ranges between 0.44 and 5.68 items per gram, and is comparable with that of some highly-polluted rivers in the world. Fibers are prevalent among the recovered items, and composition is dominated by nylon. Our measurements reveal that microplastics can be easily trapped by floating plant debris, and stored on bar top zones and river banks. Microplastics are also trapped in gravel and sand deposits. Sand incorporates microplastics both when it is transported at the river bottom under tractional conditions and during the waning flood stage, when settling processes contribute to bed aggradation. Gravels do not entraps microplastics when they move on the river bed, but they are extremely efficient in trapping microplastics during recessional flood stages, when water infiltrates between larger clasts, where it drops suspended microplastics. Further studies based on application of principles of fluvial sedimentology will provide crucial insights to understand mechanisms controlling transport and storage of MPs in river sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesca Uguagliati
- Department of Geosciences, Padova University, Via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Zattin
- Department of Geosciences, Padova University, Via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Hafeez S, Qadir A, Aslam M, Aslam HMU, Rehmat MS, Ahmad SR. Environmental Risks of Microplastics on the Spatial and Temporal Gradient in a River Originating from the Western Himalayas. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:727-739. [PMID: 36636893 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics in different environmental matrices has raised many concerns about potential effects of microplastics on humans and freshwater ecosystems. In Pakistan, rivers potentially receive microplastics from anthropogenic activities in their catchments. However, research studies regarding microplastics' presence, distribution, and risks are scarce in Pakistan. To bridge the gap, the present study was conducted to evaluate microplastic pollution in the Chenab River. Surface water samples were collected from selected sites on the Chenab River using a manta trawl in the low-flow season during postmonsoon (October) 2019 and 2020 and in the high-flow season during monsoon (July) 2020 and 2021. Samples were digested, followed by density separation and filtration. Identification and polymer characterization of microplastics were completed using stereomicroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Microplastics were found in all samples with significant spatiotemporal variation in microplastic concentration, with an average of 45.98 ± 10.45 microplastics/m3 in the low-flow season and 34.66 ± 16.15 microplastics/m3 in the high-flow season. Among microplastic shapes, fibers were the most dominant shape, whereas polyethylene terephthalate (38.2%) and polypropylene (19%) were the most abundant polymers. Polymer risk index analysis and pollution load index demonstrated that most of the sites ranked as safe. The potential ecological risks from single polymers and combined polymers showed minor risks posed by microplastics. The present study is the first step to focus on microplastic pollution in the Chenab River; it will help river managers to mitigate the microplastic pollution without compromising the ecological integrity of the river. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:727-739. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Hafeez
- College of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadir
- College of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehmood Aslam
- College of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Sajid Rashid Ahmad
- College of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ciont C, Epuran A, Kerezsi AD, Coldea TE, Mudura E, Pasqualone A, Zhao H, Suharoschi R, Vriesekoop F, Pop OL. Beer Safety: New Challenges and Future Trends within Craft and Large-Scale Production. Foods 2022; 11:2693. [PMID: 36076878 PMCID: PMC9455588 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of physical, chemical, or microbiological contaminants in beer represents a broad and worthy problem with potential implications for human health. The expansion of beer types makes it more and more appreciated for the sensorial properties and health benefits of fermentation and functional ingredients, leading to significant consumed quantities. Contaminant sources are the raw materials, risks that may occur in the production processes (poor sanitation, incorrect pasteurisation), the factory environment (air pollution), or inadequate (ethanol) consumption. We evaluated the presence of these contaminants in different beer types. This review covers publications that discuss the presence of bacteria (Lactobacillus, Pediococcus), yeasts (Saccharomyces, Candida), moulds (Fusarium, Aspergillus), mycotoxins, heavy metals, biogenic amines, and micro- and nano-plastic in beer products, ending with a discussion regarding the identified gaps in current risk reduction or elimination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Călina Ciont
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Lab, CDS3, Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Epuran
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Lab, CDS3, Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Diana Kerezsi
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Department of Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Teodora Emilia Coldea
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Mudura
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonella Pasqualone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari Aldo Moro, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Lab, CDS3, Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Frank Vriesekoop
- Department of Food Technology and Innovation, Harper Adams University, Newport TF10 8NB, UK
| | - Oana Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Lab, CDS3, Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Iñiguez-Armijos C, Tapia-Armijos MF, Wilhelm F, Breuer L. Urbanisation process generates more independently-acting stressors and ecosystem functioning impairment in tropical Andean streams. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114211. [PMID: 34864418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The tropical Andes are experiencing rapid population growth and urbanisation has become a major driver impairing stream ecosystems. However, knowledge about multiple-stressors effects on urbanised Andean streams is lacking. In southern Ecuador, we assessed how multiple stressors determine the structural (aquatic invertebrate metrics) and functional (organic matter breakdown and delta N of primary consumers) attributes of streams in a densely populated watershed without wastewater treatment and with contrasting land uses. We found that urbanised streams exhibited individual-stressor effects and that stressor interactions were rare. While structural and function attributes responded negatively to urbanisation, ecosystem functioning metrics were influenced most. Stream ecosystem functions were influenced by water-chemistry stressors, whereas aquatic invertebrate metrics were influenced by physical-habitat stressors. We suggest that managers of urbanised streams in the Andes immediately focus on the most important stressors by reducing inputs of inorganic N and P, re-establishing stream flow and substrate heterogeneity, and restoring riparian vegetation instead of attempting to elucidate intricate interactions among stressors. Our result also demonstrate that stream biomonitoring programs would benefit from a combination of structural and functional indicators to assess anthropogenic effects in a multiple-stressors scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Iñiguez-Armijos
- Laboratorio de Ecología Tropical y Servicios Ecosistémicos (EcoSs-Lab), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto S/n, 1101608, Loja, Ecuador.
| | - María Fernanda Tapia-Armijos
- Laboratorio de Ecología Tropical y Servicios Ecosistémicos (EcoSs-Lab), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto S/n, 1101608, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Frank Wilhelm
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences. University of Idaho, 83843, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Lutz Breuer
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff-Ring 26, 35392, Giessen, Germany; Centre for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Senckenbergstrasse 3, 35390, Giessen, Germany
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13
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Cabrera M, Moulatlet GM, Valencia BG, Maisincho L, Rodríguez-Barroso R, Albendín G, Sakali A, Lucas-Solis O, Conicelli B, Capparelli MV. Microplastics in a tropical Andean Glacier: A transportation process across the Amazon basin? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150334. [PMID: 34818791 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MPs) contamination is ubiquitous in most terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Recently MPs have been reported at high altitudes which indicates that air masses can transport and deposit MPs in the surface snow of high mountain ecosystems, however, whether MPs typification and abundance can be influenced by direction and origin of air masses still remains an open question. Here we present the first report of MPs above 5000 m a.s.l from surface snow of a glacier in the tropical Andes. We collected surface snow along an elevational gradient, from 5000 to 5400 m a.s.l., in the Antisana Glacier, in the northern Andes cordillera of Ecuador to analyze MPs abundance and polymeric identification with the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and also to hypothesized the possible MPs sources in this remote area by comparing the oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopic ratio composition of the snow samples and by analyzing the wind direction. We observed an average of 131 ± 24 MPs L-1 in our samples. Fibers corresponded to 70% of all MP shapes; FTIR results showed that MPs composition mainly included polyurethane, polyethylene, polyamide, polyester, and high-density polyethylene in surface snow. There were no statistically significant differences of MPs abundance among sampled elevations, and the isotopic ratio composition did not differ among locations. Our results suggest that MP that accumulated in the glacier may be transported from the east, across the Amazonia, by the prevalent eastward air flow. The absence of industrial cities at least 2000 km further east from Antisana, indicates that the remote Andean glaciers could constitute important depositional zones for long-distance transported contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Cabrera
- Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia Del Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Ecuador
| | - Gabriel M Moulatlet
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Km 7, Vía Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Bryan G Valencia
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Km 7, Vía Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador; Grupo de investigación de Ciencias de la Tierra y Clima, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Km 7, Vía Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Luis Maisincho
- Instituto Nacional de Metereología e Hidrología (INAMHI), Iñaquito, N36-14 y, Corea, Quito, Ecuador; Insitut des Geosciences de L'Environnement (IGE, UMR 5001), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Rocío Rodríguez-Barroso
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
| | - Gemma Albendín
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ayda Sakali
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
| | - Oscar Lucas-Solis
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Km 7, Vía Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Bruno Conicelli
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Km 7, Vía Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador; Grupo de investigación de Ciencias de la Tierra y Clima, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Km 7, Vía Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Mariana V Capparelli
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km 9.5, C. P 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
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14
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Duong TT, Le PT, Nguyen TNH, Hoang TQ, Ngo HM, Doan TO, Le TPQ, Bui HT, Bui MH, Trinh VT, Nguyen TL, Da Le N, Vu TM, Tran TKC, Ho TC, Phuong NN, Strady E. Selection of a density separation solution to study microplastics in tropical riverine sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:65. [PMID: 34993616 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are small (< 5 mm) plastic particles that are widely found in marine, freshwater, terrestrial and atmospheric environments. Due to their prevalence and persistence, MPs are considered an emerging contaminant of environmental concern. The separation and quantitation of MPs from freshwater sediments is a challenging and critical issue. It is necessary to identify the fate and sources of MPs in the environment, minimise their release and adverse effects. Compared to marine sediments, standardised methods for extracting and estimating the amount of MPs in freshwater sediments are relatively limited. The present study focuses on MP recovery efficiency of four commonly used salt solutions (NaCl, NaI, CaCl2 and ZnCl2) for isolating MPs during the density separation step from freshwater sediment. Known combinations of artificial MP particles (PS, PE, PVC, PET, PP and HDPE) were spiked into standard river sediment. Extraction using NaI, ZnCl2 and NaCl solutions resulted in higher recovery rates from 37 to 97% compared to the CaCl2 solution (28-83%) and varied between polymer types. Low-density MPs (PE, HDPE, PP and PS) were more effectively recovered (> 87%) than the denser polymers (PET and PVC: 37 to 88.8%) using NaCl, NaI and ZnCl2 solutions. However, the effective flotation of ZnCl2 and NaI solutions is relatively expensive and unsafe to the environment, especially in the context of developing countries. Therefore, considering the efficiency, cost and environmental criteria, NaCl solution was selected. The protocol was then tested by extracting MPs from nine riverine sediment samples from the Red River Delta. Sediments collected from urban rivers were highly polluted by MPs (26,000 MPs items·kg-1 DW) compared to sediments located downstream. Using a NaCl solution was found to be effective in this case study and might also be used in long-term and large-scale MP monitoring programmes in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phuong Thu Le
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Nhu Huong Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Quynh Hoang
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha My Ngo
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Oanh Doan
- Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No 41A, Phu Dien Street, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Phuong Quynh Le
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thuong Bui
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Manh Ha Bui
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saigon University, 273 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Tuyen Trinh
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Lien Nguyen
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Thanh Xuan, 334 Nguyen Trai street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nhu Da Le
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Mai Vu
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Kim Chi Tran
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tu Cuong Ho
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Nam Phuong
- PhuTho College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hung Vuong Boulevard, 2201, Viet Tri City, Phu Tho Province, Vietnam
| | - Emilie Strady
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
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15
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Aguirre WE, Alvarez‐Mieles G, Anaguano‐Yancha F, Burgos Morán R, Cucalón RV, Escobar‐Camacho D, Jácome‐Negrete I, Jiménez Prado P, Laaz E, Miranda‐Troya K, Navarrete‐Amaya R, Nugra Salazar F, Revelo W, Rivadeneira JF, Valdiviezo Rivera J, Zárate Hugo E. Conservation threats and future prospects for the freshwater fishes of Ecuador: A hotspot of Neotropical fish diversity. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1158-1189. [PMID: 34235726 PMCID: PMC8518725 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater fish communities in Ecuador exhibit some of the highest levels of diversity and endemism in the Neotropics. Unfortunately, aquatic ecosystems in the country are under serious threat and conditions are deteriorating. In 2018-19, the government of Ecuador sponsored a series of workshops to examine the conservation status of Ecuador's freshwater fishes. Concerns were identified for 35 species, most of which are native to the Amazon region, and overfishing of Amazonian pimelodid catfishes emerged as a major issue. However, much of the information needed to make decisions across fish groups and regions was not available, hindering the process and highlighting the need for a review of the conservation threats to Ecuador's freshwater fishes. Here, we review how the physical alteration of rivers, deforestation, wetland and floodplain degradation, agricultural and urban water pollution, mining, oil extraction, dams, overfishing, introduced species and climate change are affecting freshwater fishes in Ecuador. Although many of these factors affect fishes throughout the Neotropics, the lack of data on Ecuadorian fish communities is staggering and highlights the urgent need for more research. We also make recommendations, including the need for proper enforcement of existing environmental laws, restoration of degraded aquatic ecosystems, establishment of a national monitoring system for freshwater ecosystems, investment in research to fill gaps in knowledge, and encouragement of public engagement in citizen science and conservation efforts. Freshwater fishes are an important component of the cultural and biological legacy of the Ecuadorian people. Conserving them for future generations is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Windsor E. Aguirre
- Department of Biological SciencesDePaul UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Instituto Nacional de BiodiversidadQuitoEcuador
- Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | | | | | - Roberto V. Cucalón
- Department of Biological SciencesDePaul UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Present address:
Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Iván Jácome‐Negrete
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Estudios Amazónicos e InsularesUniversidad Central del EcuadorQuitoEcuador
| | - Pedro Jiménez Prado
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede EsmeraldasEsmeraldasEcuador
- Área de Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Escuela Politécnica Superior de HuescaUniversidad de ZaragozaHuescaSpain
| | - Enrique Laaz
- Instituto Público de Investigación de Acuicultura y PescaGuayaquilEcuador
| | | | | | - Fredy Nugra Salazar
- ONG Bosque Medicinal, ONG Forest.inkGualaquizaEcuador
- Laboratorio de Limnología de la Universidad del AzuayCuencaEcuador
| | - Willan Revelo
- Unidad de Recursos Demersales Bentónicos de Agua Dulce y EmbalsesInstituto Público de Investigación de Acuicultura y PescaGuayaquilEcuador
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16
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Kiss T, Fórián S, Szatmári G, Sipos G. Spatial distribution of microplastics in the fluvial sediments of a transboundary river - A case study of the Tisza River in Central Europe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147306. [PMID: 33940412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The geographical environment fundamentally influences the transport and deposition of sediments, including microplastics. In addition, the socioeconomic differences inherent in transboundary catchments result in various waste management strategies among the different countries influencing the input of microplastics into rivers. The catchment of the Tisza River in Central Europe is shared by five countries with different economic statuses and wastewater treatment practices. The aim of this research is to study the spatial changes in microplastic debris deposition along the Tisza and its main tributaries. The mean number of microplastic particles in the sediments of the Tisza was 3177 ± 1970 items/kg, while 3808 ± 1605 items/kg were counted in the sediments of the tributaries. Most of the particles were fibres, indicating the dominance of municipal wastewater input; this is especially the case in the upstream sub-catchments, where there are low degrees of wastewater management. The highest amount of microplastics was found in the sediments of the most-upstream section, where a low number of households are connected to wastewater treatment plants. Thus, it is hypothesized that suburban areas where high population densities and improper waste management co-exist may contribute to the direct input of microplastics into river systems and the development of local microplastic contamination hotspots. In addition, a high microplastic concentration was measured at the furthest downstream section, resulting from the decreased flow velocity related to impoundment by a dam. The efficiency of the microplastic trapping of the various depositionary forms varies along the river, suggesting various influencing factors and the complexity of the process. The higher concentration of microplastics observed in the tributaries compared to that observed in sediments of the main stream may reflect the importance of local sources and the complexity of source-to-sink relations for microplastic routes through the fluvial system; these processes do not always reflect progressive downstream increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tímea Kiss
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Szeged 6722, Hungary.
| | - Szilveszter Fórián
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Szeged 6722, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szatmári
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó u 15, Budapest 1022, Hungary; Department of Environmental Sustainability, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Deák Ferenc u. 16, Keszthely 8360, Hungary
| | - György Sipos
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Szeged 6722, Hungary
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17
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Vaid M, Sarma K, Gupta A. Microplastic pollution in aquatic environments with special emphasis on riverine systems: Current understanding and way forward. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112860. [PMID: 34089959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging as a severe threat in our environment. Their diverse existence in marine environments is being researched globally and thus a widely known fact; however, their presence in the freshwater counterpart has gained attention lately only. Riverine systems, the most critical freshwater resources serve as an essential link between terrestrial and marine environments and their contamination with MPs is going to create severe environmental issues. Because of their small size and unique morphology, these polymers can exhibit variable toxicity to the interacting biota and alter their habitat properties; thus, causing serious impacts on the environment and health of living beings, including humans. These microplastics can also interact with pollutants like heavy metals and organic pollutants, which further augment their harming potential. Inefficient and poor plastic waste disposal practices play an important role in the generation of microplastic pollutants. In the present COVID 19 pandemics, the excessive use of plastic to contain the spread of infection has further added the plastic load in the environment which will eventually lead to the generation of microplastic particles. Also, a significant amount of microplastic pollutants in riverine systems are delivered through wastewater treatment plant effluents. These trade-offs create a distress situation in the environment. The present study connects these key issues for a better understanding of the diverse existence of microplastic pollutants, their sources, and fate, with a special emphasis on riverine systems. A critical appraisal of the knowledge gaps and proposal of suitable solutions through this review might open up avenues for further research and effective management of the microplastics in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Vaid
- University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector-16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Kiranmay Sarma
- University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector-16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Anshu Gupta
- University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector-16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
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18
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Forero-López AD, Rimondino GN, Truchet DM, Colombo CV, Buzzi NS, Malanca FE, Spetter CV, Fernández-Severini MD. Occurrence, distribution, and characterization of suspended microplastics in a highly impacted estuarine wetland in Argentina. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147141. [PMID: 33933772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have been a global concern due to their potential and widespread risks to organisms and environments. In this study, we investigated the abundance, distribution, and characteristics of microplastics (MPs) in the surface waters of the Bahía Blanca Estuary (BBE), specifically in its inner and middle zone. The results showed the dominant shape of MPs were fibers, being black, transparent, and blue the main colors. The concentrations of MPs ranged from 182 to 33,373 items m-3 with a mean value of 6162 items m-3. The highest concentrations of MPs were detected in the middle zone of the estuary, a site that receives untreated sewage effluents from the city. The most abundant size ranges were from 0.5 to 1.5 mm (44.21%) and ˂0.5 mm (40.21%) and were predominant at all the sampling sites. The concentration of mesoplastics in the inner zone (16 items m-3) presented larger values than in the middle zone (5 items m-3). A wide variety of polymeric materials with predominance of microfibers such as cellulose-based, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene were identified. Polyester/alkyd resins and poli(vinyl chloride) were also found. The analysis of MPs surface through SEM/EDX detected a variety of elements such as C, O, Si, Al, K, Ca, Cl, Ti, Fe, S, and P, indicating potential contaminant carriers in the water column. Some plastic particles presented a high degree of degradation on their surface morphology. Untreated sewage discharges appear to be a significant input of MPs. Therefore, the results provided in the present study should be considered by stakeholders interested in the management and conservation of this large coastal wetland with significant ecological and economic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Forero-López
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - G N Rimondino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria (X5000HUA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - D M Truchet
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000ICN Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C V Colombo
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N S Buzzi
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000ICN Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F E Malanca
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria (X5000HUA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C V Spetter
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Avenida Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M D Fernández-Severini
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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19
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Picó Y, Soursou V, Alfarhan AH, El-Sheikh MA, Barceló D. First evidence of microplastics occurrence in mixed surface and treated wastewater from two major Saudi Arabian cities and assessment of their ecological risk. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125747. [PMID: 33819645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, water of the channels and ponds that conduct residual water in two most important cities of Saudi Arabia were assessed to ascertain the influence of the population on the occurrence and pollution characteristics of microplastics (MPs) (> 20 µm in size). Riyadh has 7.6 million inhabitants and is an urban city even though also have industry while Al-Jubail has only 0.78 and is the biggest industrial city. MPs showed an average of 3.2 items/L in Riyadh and 0.2 items/L in Al-Jubail showing a statistically significant difference between both cities. Sampling with a Turton Tow Net of 20 µm mesh, fibers were dominant in all sites (60%). MPs size was mainly distributed between 80 and 250 µm (60%), and their major colors were white (40%), red (25%) and blue (20%). Infrared spectral analysis revealed that most of the selected particles were identified as MPs of polypropylene and polyethylene (48.3%). The risk assessment was carried out using both the hazard index (HI) and the pollution load index (PLI). The results showed that, in this case, the decisive index is the PLI since the main difference in the MPs characteristics between the two cities is their concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Picó
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV), Moncada-Naquera Road Km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain.
| | - Vasiliki Soursou
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV), Moncada-Naquera Road Km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain
| | - Ahmed H Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research, ICRA- CERCA, Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
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Ardusso M, Forero-López AD, Buzzi NS, Spetter CV, Fernández-Severini MD. COVID-19 pandemic repercussions on plastic and antiviral polymeric textile causing pollution on beaches and coasts of South America. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:144365. [PMID: 33360513 PMCID: PMC7726578 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide has been alarming in the last months. According to recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), the use of face masks is essential for slowing down the transmission rate of COVID-19 in human beings. This pandemic has generated a substantial increase in the use, as well as in the production, of face masks and other elements (gloves, face protectors, protective suits, safety shoes) manufactured with polymeric materials, including antiviral textiles most of which will end as microplastic pools. Focusing on South America, the use and mismanagement of this type of personal protective equipment (PPE) represents an environmental problem. Added to this issue are the increase in the use of single-use plastic, and the reduction of plastic recycling due to the curfew generated by the pandemic, further aggravating plastic pollution on coasts and beaches. Recently, researchers have developed antiviral polymeric textile technology composed of Ag and Cu nanoparticles for PPE to reduce the contagion and spread of COVID-19. Antiviral polymeric textile wastes could also have long-term negative repercussions on aquatic environments, as they are an important emerging class of contaminants. For this reason, this work provides reflections and perspectives on how the COVID-19 pandemic can aggravate plastic pollution on beaches and coastal environments, consequently increasing the damage to marine species in the coming years. In addition, the potential impact of the pandemic on waste management systems is discussed here, as well as future research directions to improve integrated coastal management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ardusso
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - A D Forero-López
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - N S Buzzi
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - C V Spetter
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - M D Fernández-Severini
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Zúñiga-Sarango W, Gaona FP, Reyes-Castillo V, Iñiguez-Armijos C. Disrupting the Biodiversity–Ecosystem Function Relationship: Response of Shredders and Leaf Breakdown to Urbanization in Andean Streams. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.592404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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