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Moustafa MAM, Ahmed FS, Alfuhaid NA, El-Said NA, Ibrahim EDS, Awad M. The Synergistic Effect of Lemongrass Essential Oil and Flometoquin, Flonicamid, and Sulfoxaflor on Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): Insights into Toxicity, Biochemical Impact, and Molecular Docking. INSECTS 2024; 15:302. [PMID: 38786858 PMCID: PMC11122410 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.), is one of the most dangerous polyphagous pests in the world. Eco-friendly compounds and new chemical insecticides have gained recognition for whitefly control. In this study, the toxicity and biochemical impact of flometoquin, flonicamid, and sulfoxaflor, alone or combined with lemongrass essential oil (EO), against B. tabaci was studied. In addition, a molecular docking study was conducted to assess the binding affinity of the tested compounds to AchE. Based on the LC values, the descending order of the toxicity of the tested compounds to B. tabaci adults was as follows: sulfoxaflor > flonicamid > flometoquin > lemongrass EO. The binary mixtures of each of the tested compounds with lemongrass EO exhibited synergism in all combinations, with observed mortalities ranging from 15.09 to 22.94% higher than expected for an additive effect. Sulfoxaflor and flonicamid, alone or in combination with lemongrass EO, significantly inhibited AchE activity while only flonicamid demonstrated a significant impact on α-esterase, and none of the tested compounds affected cytochrome P450 or GST. However, the specific activity of P450 was significantly inhibited by the lemongrass/sulfoxaflor mixture while α-esterase activity was significantly inhibited by the lemongrass/flometoquin mixture. Moreover, the lemongrass EO and all the tested insecticides exhibited significant binding affinity to AchE with energy scores ranging from -4.69 to -7.06 kcal/mol. The current findings provide a foundation for utilizing combinations of essential oils and insecticides in the integrated pest management (IPM) of B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz A. M. Moustafa
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.A.M.M.); (F.S.A.); (N.A.E.-S.); (E.-D.S.I.)
| | - Fatma S. Ahmed
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.A.M.M.); (F.S.A.); (N.A.E.-S.); (E.-D.S.I.)
| | - Nawal Abdulaziz Alfuhaid
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nourhan A. El-Said
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.A.M.M.); (F.S.A.); (N.A.E.-S.); (E.-D.S.I.)
| | - El-Desoky S. Ibrahim
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.A.M.M.); (F.S.A.); (N.A.E.-S.); (E.-D.S.I.)
| | - Mona Awad
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.A.M.M.); (F.S.A.); (N.A.E.-S.); (E.-D.S.I.)
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Yin T, Zhang J, Liu C, Xue Y, Liu Z, Liu S, Guo L, Wang J, Xia X. Environmental-related doses of afidopyropen induced toxicity effects in earthworms (Eisenia fetida). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116223. [PMID: 38493704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Afidopyropen has high activity against pests. However, it poses potential risks to the soil ecology after entering the environment. The toxicity of afidopyropen to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) was studied for the first time in this study. The results showed that afidopyropen had low level of acute toxicity to E. fetida. Under the stimulation of chronic toxicity, the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level activated the antioxidant and detoxification system, which led to the increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities. Lipid peroxidation and DNA damage were characterized by the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) contents. Meanwhile, the functional genes SOD, CAT, GST, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), transcriptionally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), and annetocin (ANN) played a synergistic role in antioxidant defense. However, the comprehensive toxicity of high concentration still increased on the 28th day. In addition, strong histopathological damage in the body wall and intestine was observed, accompanied by weight loss, which indicated that afidopyropen inhibited the growth of E. fetida. The molecular docking revealed that afidopyrene combined with the surface structure of SOD and GST proteins, which made SOD and GST become sensitive biomarkers reflecting the toxicity of afidopyropen to E. fetida. Summing up, afidopyropen destroys the homeostasis of E. fetida through chronic toxic. These results provide theoretical data for evaluating the environmental risk of afidopyropen to soil ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Jingru Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Yannan Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Zhenlong Liu
- Weifang Vocational College, Weifang 262737, PR China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Longzhi Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
| | - Xiaoming Xia
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, PR China; Shandong Province Higher Education Provincial Key Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technology Laboratory, Tai'an 271018, PR China.
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Liu X, Zheng C, Liu T, Liang P. Identification of amino acid residues that are crucial for afidopyropen binding to the TRPV channel of Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129644. [PMID: 38266832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Afidopyropen is highly effective against sucking insects, including the Myzus persicae, that modulates the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channel. However, the action mechanisms of afidopyropen to the TRPV channel remain unknown. In this study, the genes encoding the Nanchung (MpNan) and Inactive (MpIav) subunits of the TRPV channel of M. persicae (MpTRPV) were cloned, and their spatiotemporal expression profiles were investigated. Then, MpTRPV was functionally expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and the AA residues crucial for afidopyropen binding were identified using the two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) technique. The results showed that both MpNan and MpIav exhibited the highest expression in the antennae and were most abundant in the 4th instar nymphs and adults. Knockdown of these two genes by RNAi greatly increased the toxicity of afidopyropen to the aphids. Moreover, the AA residues involved in afidopyropen binding to MpNan were predicted and L412 was further identified as the key residue for binding by TEVC analysis. The results also showed that afdopyropen and pymetrozine share the same binding site. These findings lay a foundation not only for exploring the mechanisms of pest target resistance to afidopyropen and pymetrozine but also for developing new insecticides targeting the TRPV channels of pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University Beijing, China
| | - Chengfeng Zheng
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tongxian Liu
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University Beijing, China.
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Huang Z, Sun Z, Liu J, Ju X, Xia H, Yang Y, Chen K, Wang Q. Insect transient receptor potential vanilloid channels as potential targets of insecticides. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 148:104899. [PMID: 37531974 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Chordotonal organs are miniature sensory organs present in insects. Chordotonal organs depend on transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels are the only TRPs identified that can act as targets of insecticides. By binding with TRPV channels, insecticides targeting the chordotonal organs trigger the inflow of calcium ions, resulting in abnormal function of the chordotonal organ to achieve the goal of eliminating pests. TRPV channels are highly expressed in various developmental stages and tissue parts of insects and play an important role in the whole life history of insects. In this review, we will discuss the structure and types of TRPV channels as well as their genetic relationships in different species. We also systematically reviewed the recent progress of TRPV channels as insecticide targets, demonstrating that TRPV channels can be used as the target of new high-efficiency insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengqing Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhonghe Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Ju
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Hengchuan Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yanhua Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Keping Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Peng YX, Liu ZY, Lin PX, Su SC, Gao CF, Wu SF. Reverse genetic study reveals the molecular targets of chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105584. [PMID: 37945222 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides have been widely used for the control of insect pests that have a significant impact on agriculture and human health. A better understanding of insecticide targets is needed for effective insecticide design and resistance management. Pymetrozine, afidopyropen and flonicamid are reported to target on proteins that located on insect chordotonal organs, resulting in the disruption of insect coordination and the inhibition of feeding. In this study, we systematically examined the susceptibility of six Drosophila melanogaster mutants (five transient receptor potential channels and one mechanoreceptor) to three commercially used insecticides, in order to identify the receptor subunits critical to the insect's response to insecticides. Our results showed that iav1, nan36aand wtrw1 mutants exhibited significantly reduced susceptibility to pymetrozine and afidopyropen, but not to flonicamid. The number of eggs produced by the three mutant females were significantly less than that of the w1118 strain. Meanwhile, the longevity of all male mutants and females of nan36a and wtrw1 mutants was significantly shorter than that of the w1118 strain as the control. However, we observed no gravitaxis defects in wtrw1 mutants and the anti-gravitaxis of wtrw1 mutants was abolished by pymetrozine. Behavioral assays using thermogenetic tools further confirmed the bioassay results and supported the idea that Nan as a TRPV subfamily member located in Drosophila chordotonal neurons, acting as a target of pymetrozine, which interferes with Drosophila and causes motor deficits with gravitaxis defects. Taken together, this study elucidates the interactions of pymetrozine and afidopyropen with TRPV channels, Nan and Iav, and TRPA channel, Wtrw. Our research provides another evidence that pymetrozine and afidopyropen might target on nan, iav and wtrw channels and provides insights into the development of sustainable pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Peng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Zhao-Yu Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Pin-Xuan Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Shao-Cong Su
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Cong-Fen Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China.
| | - Shun-Fan Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China.
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Raisch T, Raunser S. The modes of action of ion-channel-targeting neurotoxic insecticides: lessons from structural biology. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:1411-1427. [PMID: 37845413 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides are indispensable tools for plant protection in modern agriculture. Despite having highly heterogeneous structures, many neurotoxic insecticides use similar principles to inhibit or deregulate neuronal ion channels. Insecticides targeting pentameric ligand-gated channels are structural mimetics of neurotransmitters or manipulate and deregulate the proteins. Those binding to (pseudo-)tetrameric voltage-gated(-like) channels, on the other hand, are natural or synthetic compounds that directly block the ion-conducting pore or prevent conformational changes in the transmembrane domain necessary for opening and closing the pore. The use of a limited number of inhibition mechanisms can be problematic when resistances arise and become more widespread. Therefore, there is a rising interest in the development of insecticides with novel mechanisms that evade resistance and are pest-insect-specific. During the last decade, most known insecticide targets, many with bound compounds, have been structurally characterized, bringing the rational design of novel classes of agrochemicals within closer reach than ever before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Raisch
- Department of Structural Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Stefan Raunser
- Department of Structural Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.
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Yang Y, Guo W, Wang M, Zhang D. Genome-Wide Characterization and Gene Expression Analysis of TRP Channel Superfamily Genes in the Migratory Locust, Locusta migratoria. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1427. [PMID: 37510331 PMCID: PMC10379062 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The TRP channel superfamily was widely found in multiple species. They were involved in many extrasensory perceptions and were important for adapting to the environment. The migratory locust was one of the worldwide agricultural pests due to huge damage. In this study, we identified 13 TRP superfamily genes in the locust genome. The number of LmTRP superfamily genes was consistent with most insects. The phylogenetic tree showed that LmTRP superfamily genes could be divided into seven subfamilies. The conserved motifs and domains analysis documented that LmTRP superfamily genes contained unique characteristics of the TRP superfamily. The expression profiles in different organs identified LmTRP superfamily genes in the head and antennae, which were involved in sensory function. The expression pattern of different life phases also demonstrated that LmTRP superfamily genes were mainly expressed in third-instar nymphs and male adults. Our findings could contribute to a better understanding of the TRP channel superfamily gene and provide potential targets for insect control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- The International Centre for Precision Environmental Health and Governance, The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- The International Centre for Precision Environmental Health and Governance, The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mingjun Wang
- The International Centre for Precision Environmental Health and Governance, The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Daochuan Zhang
- The International Centre for Precision Environmental Health and Governance, The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Sparks TC, Sparks JM, Duke SO. Natural Product-Based Crop Protection Compounds─Origins and Future Prospects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2259-2269. [PMID: 36693160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The continuing need to protect food and fiber production to address the demands of an expanding global population requires new pest management tools for crop protection. Natural products (NPs) have been and continue to be a key source of inspiration for new active ingredients (AIs) for crop protection, accounting for 17% of all crop protection AIs. However, potentially 50% of all crop protection compounds have or could have a NP origin if NP synthetic equivalents (NPSEs, synthetic compounds discovered by other approaches but for which a NP model also happens to exist) are also considered. The real and hypothetical NPs have their greatest impact as insight for new classes of crop protection compounds. Among the different product areas, NPs have their largest influence on the discovery of new insecticides, while herbicides have been the least affected by mining NPs for new AIs. While plants have historically been the largest (60% of the total) source of NPs of AIs for crop protection, in the last 30 years, bacterial NPs have become the largest source (42% of the total) of new classes (first in class) of NP-inspired crop protection AIs. Interest in NPs for crop protection continues, an aspect that is highlighted by the notable rise in the numbers of publications and patents on this topic, especially in the last 20 years. The present analysis further illustrates the continuing interest and value in NPs as sources of and inspiration for new classes of crop protection compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janine M Sparks
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi 38655, United States
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Wang R, Gao B, Zhang Q, Qu C, Luo C. Knockdown of TRPV gene Nanchung decreases resistance to the novel pyropene insecticide, afidopyropen, in Bemisia tabaci. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1566-1575. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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