Synthesis of a new nano pyridinedicarboxylic acid lead(II) coordination polymer by sonochemical method: A precursor for preparation of PbO nano-structure

Nanostructured materials via green sonochemical routes - Sustainability aspects

The production of environmentally friendly nanostructured materials with well-defined properties is a major challenge. Characteristics of the nanomaterials such as dimensionality, size and morphology strongly affect their performance in various applications. Additionally, sustainability considerations require an acceptable level of efficiency while being economically feasible and environmentally benign. The use of ultrasonic irradiation (UI) is a green and powerful technology, which can be applied for the synthesis of a variety of nanostructured materials. This review critically discusses the progress made in the fabrication of environmentally benign engineered nanomaterials with various dimensionalities (i.e., zero, one, two, or three dimensions) assisted by UI. The evolution and current status in this area are further illustrated using a scientometric approach. Application of UI for the synthesis of nanostructured materials has been also assessed according to the main sustainability pillars including the performance and environmental compatibility, as well as the relevant economic and social considerations. The outlook as well as recommendations for future research has been also provided and discussed towards the promotion of sustainable nanomaterials synthesis and application in various fields.

Sonochemical synthesis of two novel Pb(II) 2D metal coordination polymer complexes: New precursor for facile fabrication of lead(II) oxide/bromide micro-nanostructures

Two new lead(II) coordination polymer complexes (CSCs) (2D), [Pb₂(L)₂(Br)₂]_n·H₂O (1), [Pb₂(HL^/)(L^/)(H₂O)₂]_n·H₂O (2), where L = C₆H₅NO₂ (2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) and L^/ = C₉H₆O₆ (1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid), have been synthesized under different experimental conditions. Micrometric crystals (bulk) or microsized materials have been obtained depending on using the branch tube method or sonochemical irradiation. All materials have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and FT-IR spectroscopy. Single crystal X-ray analyses on complexes 1 and 2 shows that Pb²⁺ ions are 8-coordinated, 7 and 9-coordinated, respectively. Topological analysis shows that the compound 1 and 2 are 4,6L26 and bnn net, respectively. However, neither the shape nor the morphology is maintained, showing the role of sonochemistry to modulate both morphology and dimensions of the resulting crystalline material, independently of whether we have a 2D coordination polymer (CP). Finally, micro structuration of lead(II) bromide oxide and lead(II) oxide have been prepared by calcination of two different lead (II) CPs at 700 °C that were characterized by SEM and XRD.

Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of nano lead(II) coordination polymer as precursors for preparation of lead(II) oxide nano-structures: Thermal, optical properties and XRD studies

Nano structure of a lead (II) coordination polymer [Pb₂(C₂Cl₃O₂)₂(NO₃)₂(C_l2H₈N₂)₂]_n (1), has been synthesized by a sonochemical method in different concentrations. The nano particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The thermal stability of nano structure is closely investigated via thermal gravimetric (TGA), and compared with crystalline structure. The compounds are then heated to 600 °C to produce PbO nano particles. The resulting PbO is characterized through XRD and SEM analyses. Concentration of initial reagents effects on size and morphology of nano-structured compound 1 have been studied and show that low concentrations of initial reagents decreased particles size and leaded to uniform nano particles morphology. The photoluminescence properties of the prepared compound, as crystalline and as nanoparticles, have been investigated. The result showed a good correlation between the size and emission wavelength.

Sonochemical synthesis of two new zinc(II) 1,10-phenanthroline coordination supramolecular compounds: New precursors to produce nano-sized zinc(II) oxide

Nanoparticles of two zinc(II) coordination supramolecule compounds (CSCs), [Zn(L)Cl2] (1) and [Zn(L)Br2] (2) L=1,10-phen=1,10-phenanthroline ligand, have been synthesized by use of a sonochemical process and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The single crystal X-ray data of compounds 1 and 2 imply that the Zn⁺² ions are four coordinated. Topological analysis shows that the compound 1 and 2 are new topology for net: 1,3M4-1. Nanoparticles of zinc(II) oxide have been prepared by calcination of two different zinc(II) CPs at 500°C that were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and IR spectroscopy.

Survey of temperature, reaction time and ultrasound irradiation power on sonochemical synthesis of two new nanostructured lead(II) coordination supramolecule compounds

Nanoparticles of two new 0D, lead(II) coordination supramolecular compounds, [Pb(L)₂(I)₂] (1) and [Pb(L)(L^/)(H₂O)]·3H₂O (2), (L=1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate, L^/=2,6-pyridinedicarboxlic acid), have been synthesized by a sonochemical process and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The single crystal X-ray data of compounds show that the Pb ion is six coordinated in both 1 and 2. The thermal stability of compound 1 and 2 has been studied by thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). The role of temperature, reaction time and ultrasound irradiation power on the size and morphology of the nano-structured compound obtained from 1 and 2, have been investigated. Results indicate that an increase of temperature and sonication power and a decrease in time reaction led to a decrease of particle size. Topological analysis shows that the compound 1 and 2 are new topology for net: 1,4M5-1 and nch, respectively.

Studies the effects of ultrasonic irradiation and dielectric constants of solvents on formation of lead(II) supramolecular polymer; new precursors for synthesis of lead(II) oxide nanoparticles

In order to evaluation the effects of ultrasonic irradiations and dielectric constants of solvents on formation [Pb₂(5-Clq-8-ol)₂(OAc)₂]_n (1), [H5-Clq-8-ol=5-chloroquinolin-8-ol and OAc^-=acetate]_, we designed some experiments and synthesized six samples of 1 under different conditions. Microrods of a lead(II) supramolecular polymer, were synthesized under these conditions. These microstructures were characterized by IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that compound 1 with the best crystallinity can be obtained in the presence of MeCN and H₂O (as the bulk sample) and in the presence of MeCN and EtOH (by sonochemical process). The least agglomeration of microrods was observed in H₂O which is due to high dielectric constant of it. By considering all of the factors consist of crystallinity and agglomeration of the products and their corresponding histograms, it seems that MeCN is the best solvent for synthesis of 1. The samples which were synthesized in the presence of MeCN, had been used as new precursors for fabricating lead(II) oxide nanoparticles via thermal decomposition in oleic acid (OA).

Two novel octamolybdate nanoclusters as catalysts for dye degradation by air under room conditions

Two new octamolybdate-based hybrid materials as catalysts for the wet air oxidation of dyes under mild conditions.