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Zhang K, Liu S, Liang S, Xiang F, Wang X, Lian H, Li B, Liu F. Exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria: Structure, biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and application in the food industry: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128733. [PMID: 38092118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, researchers have discovered that probiotics play an important role in our daily lives. With the further deepening of research, more and more evidence show that bacterial metabolites have an important role in food and human health, which opens up a new direction for the research of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Many LAB have been widely studied because of the ability of exopolysaccharides (EPS). Lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides (LAB EPS) not only have great potential in the treatment of human diseases but also can become natural ingredients in the food industry to provide special qualitative structure and flavor. This paper has organized and summarized the biosynthesis, strain selection, production process parameters, structure, and biological activity of LAB EPS, filling in the monotony and incompleteness of previous articles' descriptions of LAB EPS. Therefore, this paper focuses on the general biosynthetic pathway, structural characterization, structure-activity relationship, biological activity of LAB EPS, and their application in the food industry, which will help to deepen people's understanding of LAB EPS and develop new active drugs from LAB EPS. Although the research results are relatively affluent, the low yield, complex structure, and few clinical trials of EPS are still the reasons that hinder its development. Therefore, future knowledge expansion should focus on the regulation of structure, physicochemical properties, function, higher production of EPS, and clinical trial applications, which can further increase the commercial significance and value of EPS. Furthermore, better understanding the structure-function relationship of EPS in food remains a challenge to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyong Zhang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Sibo Liu
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shengnan Liang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fangqin Xiang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huiqiang Lian
- Guangdong Jinhaikang Medical Nutrition Co., Ltd, Meizhou, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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2
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Ansari M, Ahmed S, Abbasi A, Khan MT, Subhan M, Bukhari NA, Hatamleh AA, Abdelsalam NR. Plant mediated fabrication of silver nanoparticles, process optimization, and impact on tomato plant. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18048. [PMID: 37872286 PMCID: PMC10593853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the fastest-growing markets, but developing eco-friendly products, their maximum production, stability, and higher yield is a challenge. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using an easily available resource, leaves extract of the Neem (Azadirachta indica) plant, as a reducing and capping agent, determined their effect on germination and growth of tomato plants. The maximum production of silver nanoparticles was noted at 70 °C after 3 h of reaction time while treating the 10 ml leaf extract of Neem plant with 10 ml of 1 mM silver nitrate. The impact of the extract preparation method and solvent type on the plant mediated fabrication of silver nanoparticles was also investigated. The UV-spectrophotometric analysis confirmed the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and showed an absorption spectrum within Δ420-440 nm range. The size of the fabricated silver nanoparticles was 22-30 nm. The functional groups such as ethylene, amide, carbonyl, methoxy, alcohol, and phenol attached to stabilize the nanoparticles were observed using the FTIR technique. SEM, EDX, and XRD analyses were performed to study the physiochemical characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles increased the germination rate of tomato seeds up to 70% while decreasing the mean germination time compared to the control. Silver nanoparticles applied at varying concentrations significantly increased the shoot length (25 to 80%), root length (10 to 60%), and fresh biomass (10 to 80%) biomass of the tomato plant. The production of total chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoids, soluble sugar, and protein was significantly increased in tomato plants treated with 5 and 10 ppm silver nanoparticles compared to the control. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles are cost-effective and nontoxic and can be applied in agriculture, biomedical, and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeeha Ansari
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Asim Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohsar University Murree, Murree, 47150, Pakistan.
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Muhammad Tajammal Khan
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Mishal Subhan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Najat A Bukhari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nader R Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
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3
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Liang Y, Song Y, Wang L, Wei C, Zhou X, Feng Y. Research progress on antibacterial activity of medical titanium alloy implant materials. Odontology 2023; 111:813-829. [PMID: 37402971 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are the preferred materials for medical implants. However, easy infection is a fatal shortcoming of Ti implants. Fortunately, the ongoing development of antibacterial implant materials is a promising solution, and Ti alloys with antibacterial properties hold immense potential for medical applications. In this review, we briefly outline the mechanisms of bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on implants; discuss and classify the major antimicrobials currently in use and development, including inorganic and organic antimicrobials; and describe the important role of antimicrobials in the development of implant materials for clinical applications. Strategies and challenges related to improving the antimicrobial properties of implant materials as well as the prospects of antibacterial Ti alloys in the medical field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Yuying Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Chao Wei
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shandong University of Engineering and Vocational Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shandong University of Engineering and Vocational Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Yihua Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China.
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250031, China.
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4
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Ansari M, Ahmed S, Abbasi A, Hamad NA, Ali HM, Khan MT, Haq IU, Zaman QU. Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles: A Novel Approach for the Enhanced Growth and Yield of Tomato against Early Blight Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040886. [PMID: 37110309 PMCID: PMC10145257 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato plants are among the most widely cultivated and economically important crops worldwide. Farmers' major challenge when growing tomatoes is early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani, which results in significant yield losses. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained popularity recently due to their potential antifungal activity. The present study investigated the potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for enhancing the growth and yield of tomato plants and their resistance against early blight disease. AgNPs were synthesized using leaf extract of the neem tree. Tomato plants treated with AgNPs showed a significant increase in plant height (30%), number of leaves, fresh weight (45%), and dry weight (40%) compared to the control plants. Moreover, the AgNP-treated plants exhibited a significant reduction in disease severity index (DSI) (73%) and disease incidence (DI) (69%) compared to the control plants. Tomato plants treated with 5 and 10 ppm AgNPs reached their maximum levels of photosynthetic pigments and increased the accumulation of certain secondary metabolites compared to the control group. AgNP treatment improved stress tolerance in tomato plants as indicated by higher activities of antioxidant enzymes such as PO (60%), PPO (65%), PAL (65.5%), SOD (65.3%), CAT (53.8%), and APX (73%). These results suggest that using green synthesized AgNPs is a promising approach for enhancing the growth and yield of tomato plants and protecting them against early blight disease. Overall, the findings demonstrate the potential of nanotechnology-based solutions for sustainable agriculture and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeeha Ansari
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Asim Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohsar University Murree, Murree 47150, Pakistan
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Najwa A Hamad
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, El-Beida P.O. Box 919, Libya
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tajammal Khan
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Inzamam Ul Haq
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Nanomaterials-Based Combinatorial Therapy as a Strategy to Combat Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060794. [PMID: 35740200 PMCID: PMC9220075 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of antibiotics, humanity has been able to cope with the battle against bacterial infections. However, the inappropriate use of antibiotics, the lack of innovation in therapeutic agents, and other factors have allowed the emergence of new bacterial strains resistant to multiple antibiotic treatments, causing a crisis in the health sector. Furthermore, the World Health Organization has listed a series of pathogens (ESKAPE group) that have acquired new and varied resistance to different antibiotics families. Therefore, the scientific community has prioritized designing and developing novel treatments to combat these ESKAPE pathogens and other emergent multidrug-resistant bacteria. One of the solutions is the use of combinatorial therapies. Combinatorial therapies seek to enhance the effects of individual treatments at lower doses, bringing the advantage of being, in most cases, much less harmful to patients. Among the new developments in combinatorial therapies, nanomaterials have gained significant interest. Some of the most promising nanotherapeutics include polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, and antimicrobial peptides due to their bactericidal and nanocarrier properties. Therefore, this review focuses on discussing the state-of-the-art of the most significant advances and concludes with a perspective on the future developments of nanotherapeutic combinatorial treatments that target bacterial infections.
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6
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Development of Silver-Containing Hydroxyapatite-Coated Antimicrobial Implants for Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58040519. [PMID: 35454358 PMCID: PMC9029955 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention of surgical site infections is directly related to the minimization of surgical invasiveness, and is in line with the concept of minimally invasive spine therapy (MIST). In recent years, the incidence of postoperative infections has been increasing due to the increased use of spinal implant surgery in patients at high risk of infection, including the elderly and easily infected hosts, the limitations of poor bone marrow transfer of antibiotics, and the potential for contamination of surgical gloves and instruments. Thus, the development of antimicrobial implants in orthopedic and spinal surgery is becoming more and more popular, and implants with proven antimicrobial, safety, and osteoconductive properties (i.e., silver, iodine, antibiotics) in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials have become available for clinical use. We have developed silver-containing hydroxyapatite (Ag-HA)-coated implants to prevent post-operative infection, and increase bone fusion capacity, and have successfully commercialized antibacterial implants for hip prostheses and spinal interbody cages. This narrative review overviews the present status of available surface coating technologies and materials; describes how the antimicrobial, safety, and biocompatibility (osteoconductivity) of Ag-HA-coated implants have been demonstrated for commercialization; and reviews the clinical use of antimicrobial implants in orthopedic and spinal surgery, including Ag-HA-coated implants that we have developed.
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7
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Dhanam S, Arumugam T, Elgorban AM, Rameshkumar N, Krishnan M, Govarthanan M, Kayalvizhi N. Enhanced anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity of bacteriocin by encapsulation on silver nanoparticles. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bjerk TR, Severino P, Jain S, Marques C, Silva AM, Pashirova T, Souto EB. Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8080115. [PMID: 34436118 PMCID: PMC8389267 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8080115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds having hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in their structure. They can be of synthetic or of microbial origin, obtained respectively from chemical synthesis or from microorganisms’ activity. A new generation of ecofriendly surfactant molecules or biobased surfactants is increasingly growing, attributed to their versatility of applications. Surfactants can be used as drug delivery systems for a range of molecules given their capacity to create micelles which can promote the encapsulation of bioactives of pharmaceutical interest; besides, these assemblies can also show antimicrobial properties. The advantages of biosurfactants include their high biodegradability profile, low risk of toxicity, production from renewable sources, functionality under extreme pH and temperature conditions, and long-term physicochemical stability. The application potential of these types of polymers is related to their properties enabling them to be processed by emulsification, separation, solubilization, surface (interfacial) tension, and adsorption for the production of a range of drug delivery systems. Biosurfactants have been employed as a drug delivery system to improve the bioavailability of a good number of drugs that exhibit low aqueous solubility. The great potential of these molecules is related to their auto assembly and emulsification capacity. Biosurfactants produced from bacteria are of particular interest due to their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties with therapeutic and biomedical potential. In this review, we discuss recent advances and perspectives of biosurfactants with antimicrobial properties and how they can be used as structures to develop semisolid hydrogels for drug delivery, in environmental bioremediation, in biotechnology for the reduction of production costs and also their ecotoxicological impact as pesticide alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago R. Bjerk
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil; (T.R.B.); (P.S.); (S.J.); (C.M.)
| | - Patricia Severino
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil; (T.R.B.); (P.S.); (S.J.); (C.M.)
- Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Sona Jain
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil; (T.R.B.); (P.S.); (S.J.); (C.M.)
| | - Conrado Marques
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil; (T.R.B.); (P.S.); (S.J.); (C.M.)
- Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Pashirova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov St. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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9
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Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles for the fabrication of non cytotoxic and antibacterial metallic polymer based nanocomposite system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10500. [PMID: 34006995 PMCID: PMC8131587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90016-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have significantly contributed in the field of nanomedicine as this subject matter has combined the usefulness of natural macromolecules with organic and inorganic nanomaterials. In this respect, various types of nanocomposites are increasingly being explored in order to discover an effective approach in controlling high morbidity and mortality rate that had triggered by the evolution and emergence of multidrug resistant microorganisms. Current research is focused towards the production of biogenic silver nanoparticles for the fabrication of antimicrobial metallic-polymer-based non-cytotoxic nanocomposite system. An ecofriendly approach was adapted for the production of silver nanoparticles using fungal biomass (Aspergillus fumigatus KIBGE-IB33). The biologically synthesized nanoparticles were further layered with a biodegradable macromolecule (chitosan) to improve and augment the properties of the developed nanocomposite system. Both nanostructures were characterized using different spectrographic analyses including UV–visible and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, dynamic light scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic technique. The biologically mediated approach adapted in this study resulted in the formation of highly dispersed silver nanoparticles that exhibited an average nano size and zeta potential value of 05 nm (77.0%) and − 22.1 mV, respectively with a polydispersity index of 0.4. Correspondingly, fabricated silver–chitosan nanocomposites revealed a size of 941 nm with a zeta potential and polydispersity index of + 63.2 mV and 0.57, respectively. The successful capping of chitosan on silver nanoparticles prevented the agglomeration of nanomaterial and also facilitated the stabilization of the nano system. Both nanoscopic entities exhibited antimicrobial potential against some pathogenic bacterial species but did not displayed any antifungal activity. The lowest minimal inhibitory concentration of nanocomposite system (1.56 µg ml−1) was noticed against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Fractional inhibitory concentration index of the developed nanocomposite system confirmed its improved synergistic behavior against various bacterial species with no cytotoxic effect on NIH/3T3 cell lines. Both nanostructures, developed in the present study, could be utilized in the form of nanomedicines or nanocarrier system after some quantifiable trials as both of them are nonhazardous and have substantial antibacterial properties.
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Zhang E, Zhao X, Hu J, Wang R, Fu S, Qin G. Antibacterial metals and alloys for potential biomedical implants. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2569-2612. [PMID: 33615045 PMCID: PMC7876544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metals and alloys, including stainless steel, titanium and its alloys, cobalt alloys, and other metals and alloys have been widely used clinically as implant materials, but implant-related infection or inflammation is still one of the main causes of implantation failure. The bacterial infection or inflammation that seriously threatens human health has already become a worldwide complaint. Antibacterial metals and alloys recently have attracted wide attention for their long-term stable antibacterial ability, good mechanical properties and good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. In this review, common antibacterial alloying elements, antibacterial standards and testing methods were introduced. Recent developments in the design and manufacturing of antibacterial metal alloys containing various antibacterial agents were described in detail, including antibacterial stainless steel, antibacterial titanium alloy, antibacterial zinc and alloy, antibacterial magnesium and alloy, antibacterial cobalt alloy, and other antibacterial metals and alloys. Researches on the antibacterial properties, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of antibacterial metals and alloys have been summarized in detail for the first time. It is hoped that this review could help researchers understand the development of antibacterial alloys in a timely manner, thereby could promote the development of antibacterial metal alloys and the clinical application. This paper focuses the recent development of several antibacterial metals and alloys as biomedical materials. The possible antibacterial mechanisms of antibacterial metals and alloys are summarized in this paper. This review discusses the feasibility of antibacterial metals and alloys as biomedical implants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlin Zhang
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China.,Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Ruoxian Wang
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Shan Fu
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Gaowu Qin
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China.,Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
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11
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Silver nanocomposites based on the bacterial fucose-rich polysaccharide secreted by Enterobacter A47 for wound dressing applications: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:959-969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Sidhu PK, Nehra K. Bacteriocin-capped silver nanoparticles for enhanced antimicrobial efficacy against food pathogens. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:245-252. [PMID: 32338634 PMCID: PMC8676405 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are safer alternatives to the more popularly used chemical preservatives which exhibit several adverse effects. The bacteriocins have an advantage of being efficient in controlling food pathogens without possessing any side-effects. However, the bacteriocins have a limitation of exhibiting a narrow antimicrobial spectrum and having a high-dosage requirement. With an aim to combat these limitations, the present study involved the biosynthesis of bacteriocin-capped nanoparticles, using two bacteriocins (Bac4463 and Bac22) extracted and purified from Lactobacillus strains. Nanoconjugates synthesised at optimum conditions were characterized using various physico-chemical techniques. The interaction of bacteriocin-capped silver nanoparticles with the pathogenic bacteria was observed using scanning electron microscopy, wherein the deformed and elongated cells were clearly visible. In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of both Bac4463-capped silver nanoparticles and Bac22-capped silver nanoparticles against different food pathogens was observed to be enhanced in comparison to the antimicrobial activity of bacteriocins alone. Minimum inhibitory concentration was observed to be as low as 8 μg/ml for Bac4463-capped silver nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus, and 2 μg/ml for Bac22-capped silver nanoparticles against Shigella flexneri. This study, therefore, recommends the use of bacteriocin-capped nanoparticles as food preservatives to control the growth of food spoiling bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Kaur Sidhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal 131039, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Kiran Nehra
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal 131039, Sonipat, Haryana, India.
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13
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Noori A, Donnelly T, Colbert J, Cai W, Newman LA, White JC. Exposure of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum) to silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate: physiological and molecular response. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 22:40-51. [PMID: 31282192 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1634000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely used nanomaterials, with applications in sectors as diverse as communications, energy, medicine, and agriculture. This diverse application of AgNPs increases the risk of the release of these materials into the environment and raises the potential for transfer into plants and, subsequently, the human body. To better understand the effects of NPs in agricultural systems, this study investigates plant physiological and molecular responses upon exposure to AgNPs in comparison to silver nitrate (AgNO3). Tomato seedlings (Lycopersison esculentum) were exposed to 10, 20, or 30 mg/L silver (Ag), AgNO3, or AgNPs in hydroponic media for 7 days. A number of endpoints were measured, including plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative and antioxidant responses. The results showed 2-7 times lower growth rate in plants exposed to silver compared to the control. H2O2 and malondialdehyde as oxidative stress indicators were, respectively, 1.7 and 4 times higher in plants exposed to all forms of silver compared to the control. The antioxidative responses increased significantly in plants exposed to Ag and AgNPs compared to the control. However, plants exposed to AgNO3 showed up to 50% lower enzymatic antioxidant activity. At the molecular level, the expression of genes involved in defense responses, including ethylene-inducing xylanase (EIX), peroxidase 51 (POX), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase, were significantly upregulated upon exposure to silver. The molecular and physiological data showed exposure to all forms of silver resulted in oxidative stress and exposure to AgNPs induced antioxidative and defense responses. However, exposure to AgNO3 resulted in phytotoxicity and failure in antioxidative responses. It indicates the higher reactivity and phytotoxicity of the ionic form of silver compared to NPs. The findings of this study add important information to efforts in attempting to characterize the exposure and risk associated with the release of nanomaterials in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Noori
- Department of Biology, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Trevor Donnelly
- Department of Biology, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Joseph Colbert
- Department of Biology, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Wenjun Cai
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Lee A Newman
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
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14
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Monowar T, Rahman MS, Bhore SJ, Raju G, Sathasivam KV. Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Using the Endophytic Bacterium Pantoea ananatis are Promising Antimicrobial Agents against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria. Molecules 2018; 23:E3220. [PMID: 30563220 PMCID: PMC6321088 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the most important global problems currently confronting the world. Different biomedical applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have indicated them to be promising antimicrobial agents. In the present study, extracellular extract of an endophytic bacterium, Pantoea ananatis, was used for synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV⁻Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Zeta potential. The antimicrobial potential of the AgNPs against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 11632), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876), Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), and multidrug resistant (MDR) Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 700677), Enterococcus faecium (ATCC 700221) Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 33592) Escherichia coli (NCTC 13351) was investigated. The synthesized spherical-shaped AgNPs with a size range of 8.06 nm to 91.32 nm exhibited significant antimicrobial activity at 6 μg/disc concentration against Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) which were found to be resistant to conventional antibiotics. The synthesized AgNPs showed promising antibacterial efficiency at 10 µg/disc concentration against the MDR strains. The present study suggests that AgNPs synthesized by using the endophytic bacterium P. ananatis are promising antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmina Monowar
- Unit of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia.
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia.
| | - Md Sayedur Rahman
- Regional Director, Ministry of Information, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Subhash J Bhore
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia.
| | - Gunasunderi Raju
- School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Kathiresan V Sathasivam
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia.
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15
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Ansari A, Zohra RR, Tarar OM, Qader SAU, Aman A. Screening, purification and characterization of thermostable, protease resistant Bacteriocin active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). BMC Microbiol 2018; 18:192. [PMID: 30466388 PMCID: PMC6251144 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of serious issues of multidrug resistance in the past few years have enforced the use of bacteriocins for combating infections. Threat posed to public health by various multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms can be resolved by discovering new antimicrobial proteins with broad spectrum of inhibition. RESULTS In the current study, Bacteriocin (BAC-IB17) produced by Bacillus subtilis KIBGE-IB17 is found to be effective against different strains of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The approximate molecular mass of BAC-IB17 is 10.7 kDa. This unique bacteriocin is found to be highly thermostable and pH stable in nature. It also showed its stability against various heavy metals, organic solvents, surfactants and proteolytic enzymes. Amino acid profile of BAC-IB17 clearly showed that this protein mainly consists of non-polar and basic amino acids whereas; some acidic amino acids were also detected. Sequence of first 15 amino acid residues obtained from N-terminal sequencing of BAC-IB17 were NKPEALVDYTGVXNS. CONCLUSIONS The anti-MRSA property of purified bacteriocin may be used to prevent the spread of MRSA infections. Remarkable features of BAC-IB17 suggests its applications in various pharmaceutical and food industries as it can function under a variety of harsh environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ansari
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (KIBGE)University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | | | - Omer Mukhtar Tarar
- Food and Marine Resources Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (PCSIR), Laboratories Complex Karachi, 75280, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shah Ali Ul Qader
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Aman
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (KIBGE)University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
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