1
|
Shorey R, Mekonnen TH. Oleic acid decorated kraft lignin as a hydrophobic and functional filler of cellulose acetate films. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131672. [PMID: 38643912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The packaging industry has primarily been dominated by single-use, petrochemical-sourced plastic materials despite their short-term use. Their leakage into the ecosystem after their use poses substantial environmental concerns. As a result, compostable and renewable packaging material alternatives are garnering significant attention. Cellulose acetate is a derivative of cellulose that exhibits excellent tensile properties, transparency, melt processability, and intermediate compostability. However, its application in the food packaging industry is limited due to its hygroscopic behavior and lack of dimensional stability. This study investigated using lignin (pristine and esterified) as a functional additive of cellulose acetate. The effect of varying concentrations of pristine kraft and oleic acid functionalized lignin in the cellulose acetate matrix and its effect on the resulting film's mechanical, morphological, viscoelastic, and water barrier properties were explored. Comprehensive characterization of the thermomechanical processed lignin-cellulose acetate sheets revealed reduced moisture absorption, improved UV and moisture barrier, and enhanced tensile properties with melt processability. Overall, the studied films could have appealing properties for food and other packaging applications, thus, serving as eco-friendly and sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-derived packing materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Shorey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fazeli M, Mukherjee S, Baniasadi H, Abidnejad R, Mujtaba M, Lipponen J, Seppälä J, Rojas OJ. Lignin beyond the status quo: recent and emerging composite applications. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2024; 26:593-630. [PMID: 38264324 PMCID: PMC10802143 DOI: 10.1039/d3gc03154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The demand for biodegradable materials across various industries has recently surged due to environmental concerns and the need for the adoption of renewable materials. In this context, lignin has emerged as a promising alternative, garnering significant attention as a biogenic resource that endows functional properties. This is primarily ascribed to its remarkable origin and structure that explains lignin's capacity to bind other molecules, reinforce composites, act as an antioxidant, and endow antimicrobial effects. This review summarizes recent advances in lignin-based composites, with particular emphasis on innovative methods for modifying lignin into micro and nanostructures and evaluating their functional contribution. Indeed, lignin-based composites can be tailored to have superior physicomechanical characteristics, biodegradability, and surface properties, thereby making them suitable for applications beyond the typical, for instance, in ecofriendly adhesives and advanced barrier technologies. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest progress in the field of lignin utilization in emerging composite materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Fazeli
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Sritama Mukherjee
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
- Division of Fiber and Polymer Technology, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56-58 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hossein Baniasadi
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Espoo Finland
| | - Roozbeh Abidnejad
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Muhammad Mujtaba
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd P.O. Box 1000 Espoo FI-02044 Finland
| | - Juha Lipponen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Jukka Seppälä
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Espoo Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baniasadi H, Madani Z, Mohan M, Vaara M, Lipponen S, Vapaavuori J, Seppälä JV. Heat-Induced Actuator Fibers: Starch-Containing Biopolyamide Composites for Functional Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48584-48600. [PMID: 37787649 PMCID: PMC10591286 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces the development of a thermally responsive shape-morphing fabric using low-melting-point polyamide shape memory actuators. To facilitate the blending of biomaterials, we report the synthesis and characterization of a biopolyamide with a relatively low melting point. Additionally, we present a straightforward and solvent-free method for the compatibilization of starch particles with the synthesized biopolyamide, aiming to enhance the sustainability of polyamide and customize the actuation temperature. Subsequently, homogeneous dispersion of up to 70 wt % compatibilized starch particles into the matrix is achieved. The resulting composites exhibit excellent mechanical properties comparable to those reported for soft and tough materials, making them well suited for textile integration. Furthermore, cyclic thermomechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the shape memory and shape recovery of both plain polyamide and composites. The results confirmed their remarkable shape recovery properties. To demonstrate the potential application of biocomposites in textiles, a heat-responsive fabric was created using thermoresponsive shape memory polymer actuators composed of a biocomposite containing 50 wt % compatibilized starch. This fabric demonstrates the ability to repeatedly undergo significant heat-induced deformations by opening and closing pores, thereby exposing hidden functionalities through heat stimulation. This innovative approach provides a convenient pathway for designing heat-responsive textiles, adding value to state-of-the-art smart textiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Baniasadi
- Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Zahra Madani
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Mithila Mohan
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Maija Vaara
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Lipponen
- Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jaana Vapaavuori
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jukka V. Seppälä
- Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Morino M, Nishitani Y, Kitagawa T, Kikutani S. Thermal, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Gamma-Irradiated Plant-Derived Polyamide 1010. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3111. [PMID: 37514500 PMCID: PMC10384988 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the influence of the gamma-irradiation dose and the addition of the cross-linking agent (triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC)) on the thermal, mechanical and tribological properties of plant-derived polyamide 1010 (PA1010). PA1010 and PA1010/TAIC were extruded using a twin screw extruder and injection molded. These specimens were then irradiated with gamma-ray in air with doses of 20 and 50 kGy. After gamma-irradiation, the specimens were heat-treated to remove the free radicals generated in the polymer. The combination of gamma-irradiation and the addition of TAIC significantly changed the crystal structures of PA1010. Glass transition temperature increased with the addition of TAIC and, in particular, with increasing gamma-irradiation dose. Moreover, PA1010/TAIC showed a rubbery plateau originating from cross-links by gamma-irradiation, which was observed in the temperature regions above the melting point in DMA measurements. Mechanical properties such as strength, modulus and hardness, and tribological properties such as frictional coefficient, specific wear rate and limiting pv (pressure p × velocity v) value of PA1010 improved with change in the internal microstructure with the gamma-irradiation and addition of TAIC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Morino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano, Hachioji 192-0015, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nishitani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano, Hachioji 192-0015, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kitagawa
- STARLITE Co., Ltd., 2222 Kamitoyama, Ritto 520-3004, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinya Kikutani
- STARLITE Co., Ltd., 2222 Kamitoyama, Ritto 520-3004, Shiga, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alshammari S, Ameli A. Polylactic acid biocomposites with high loadings of melt-flowable organosolv lignin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125094. [PMID: 37245743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) was blended with a new type of organosolv lignin, called Bioleum (BL) using a melt extrusion method to obtain biocomposites with BL loadings as high as 40 wt%. Two plasticizers, namely polyethylene glycol (PEG) and triethyl citrate (TEC) were also introduced to the material system. Gel permeation chromatography, rheological analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing were performed to characterize the biocomposites. The results revealed that BL exhibits a melt-flowable characteristic. The biocomposites' tensile strength was found to be higher than most of the previously reported cases. Overall, the BL domain size increased as the BL content was increased, causing a drop in the strength and ductility. Even though the addition of both PEG and TEC improved the ductility, PEG proved to significantly outperform TEC. With the introduction of 5 wt% PEG, the elongation at break of PLA_BL20 was increased >9 times, even exceeding that of the neat PLA by several folds. Consequently, PLA_BL20_PEG5 produced a toughness that is twice as the of the neat PLA. The findings suggest a great promise of BL to develop scalable and melt processable composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shallal Alshammari
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Amir Ameli
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Compatibility and interphase properties of poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA)/Kraft lignin films assessed by nanomechanical analyses. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
7
|
Yang B, Wang S, Ding M, Wang C, Lv C, Wang Y, Yang Y, Zhang N, Shi Z, Qian J, Xia R, Fang Y. Hierarchical structure and properties of
high‐density
polyethylene (
HDPE
) microporous films fabricated via
thermally‐induced
phase separation (
TIPS
): Effect of presence of
ultra‐high
molecular weight polyethylene (
UHMWPE
). POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
- Anhui Zhongding Sealing Parts Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Rubber and Products of Anhui Province Ningguo Anhui China
| | - Shun Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Mengya Ding
- ChangXin Memory Technologies Co, Ltd. Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lv
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
- Anhui Zhongding Sealing Parts Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Rubber and Products of Anhui Province Ningguo Anhui China
| | - Jiasheng Qian
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Xia
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environment‐Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Yirong Fang
- Longteng Security & Surveillance Technology Co, Ltd. Lu'an Anhui People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Critical Review on Polylactic Acid: Properties, Structure, Processing, Biocomposites, and Nanocomposites. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124312. [PMID: 35744371 PMCID: PMC9228835 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Composite materials are emerging as a vital entity for the sustainable development of both humans and the environment. Polylactic acid (PLA) has been recognized as a potential polymer candidate with attractive characteristics for applications in both the engineering and medical sectors. Hence, the present article throws lights on the essential physical and mechanical properties of PLA that can be beneficial for the development of composites, biocomposites, films, porous gels, and so on. The article discusses various processes that can be utilized in the fabrication of PLA-based composites. In a later section, we have a detailed discourse on the various composites and nanocomposites-based PLA along with the properties’ comparisons, discussing our investigation on the effects of various fibers, fillers, and nanofillers on the mechanical, thermal, and wear properties of PLA. Lastly, the various applications in which PLA is used extensively are discussed in detail.
Collapse
|
9
|
Shorey R, Mekonnen TH. Sustainable paper coating with enhanced barrier properties based on esterified lignin and PBAT blend. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:472-484. [PMID: 35413316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable and biodegradable packaging materials are appealing alternatives to the petrochemical-derived and non-biodegradable plastics that currently dominate the market. However, their inferior barrier properties and high cost inhibit their widespread applications. In this work, pristine and esterified lignin were investigated as a functional filler of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) based bioplastic paper coating formulations. For this, the pristine and esterified lignin (10-50 wt%) were separately dispersed in a solvent and incorporated in PBAT solutions and applied on paper substrates. The effects of varying concentrations of pristine and esterified lignin on the rheology, mechanical, morphology, and barrier properties of the coated paper substrate were investigated. Comprehensive characterization of esterified lignin/PBAT coatings exhibited enhanced dispersion of the lignin fraction in the PBAT, resulting in excellent wet tensile properties and enhanced water, oil, and oxygen barrier performance. Overall, the studied coating formulations have appealing properties for food contact materials, such as paper wraps and paperboard applications, as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to the incumbent coating materials, such as petroleum sourced waxes and polyolefin-based coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Shorey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li H, Shang Y, Huang W, Xue B, Zhang X, Cui Z, Fu P, Pang X, Zhao Q, Liu M. Synthesis of succinic acid‐based polyamide through direct solid‐state polymerization method: Avoiding cyclization of succinic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yuting Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Wenrui Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Bingfeng Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
- Jinguan Electric Co., Ltd Nanyang China
| | - Zhe Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Peng Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xinchang Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Qingxiang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Minying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Engineering Laboratory of High‐Performance Nylon Engineering Plastics of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang J, Wang L, Sun J, Jiang S, Li H, Zhang S, Yang W, Gu X, Qiao H. A novel hollow microsphere acting on crystallization, mechanical, and thermal performance of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate). POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Shengling Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Wantai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Hu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lizundia E, Sipponen MH, Greca LG, Balakshin M, Tardy BL, Rojas OJ, Puglia D. Multifunctional lignin-based nanocomposites and nanohybrids. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2021; 23:6698-6760. [PMID: 34671223 PMCID: PMC8452181 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress in lignins valorization and development of high-performance sustainable materials have been achieved in recent years. Reports related to lignin utilization indicate excellent prospects considering green chemistry, chemical engineering, energy, materials and polymer science, physical chemistry, biochemistry, among others. To fully realize such potential, one of the most promising routes involves lignin uses in nanocomposites and nanohybrid assemblies, where synergistic interactions are highly beneficial. This review first discusses the interfacial assembly of lignins with polysaccharides, proteins and other biopolymers, for instance, in the synthesis of nanocomposites. To give a wide perspective, we consider the subject of hybridization with metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, as well as uses as precursor of carbon materials and the assembly with other biobased nanoparticles, for instance to form nanohybrids. We provide cues to understand the fundamental aspects related to lignins, their self-assembly and supramolecular organization, all of which are critical in nanocomposites and nanohybrids. We highlight the possibilities of lignin in the fields of flame retardancy, food packaging, plant protection, electroactive materials, energy storage and health sciences. The most recent outcomes are evaluated given the importance of lignin extraction, within established and emerging biorefineries. We consider the benefit of lignin compared to synthetic counterparts. Bridging the gap between fundamental and application-driven research, this account offers critical insights as far as the potential of lignin as one of the frontrunners in the uptake of bioeconomy concepts and its application in value-added products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erlantz Lizundia
- Life Cycle Thinking group, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Bilbao 48013 Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures UPV/EHU Science Park 48940 Leioa Spain
| | - Mika H Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Luiz G Greca
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Mikhail Balakshin
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia 2360 East Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Debora Puglia
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia Strada di Pentima 4 05100 Terni Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kun D, Kárpáti Z, Fekete E, Móczó J. The Role of Interfacial Adhesion in Polymer Composites Engineered from Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3099. [PMID: 34577999 PMCID: PMC8473458 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive study about the application of a lignocellulosic agricultural waste, sunflower husk in different polymer composites. Two types of milled sunflower husk with different geometrical factors were incorporated into polypropylene, low-density and high-density polyethylene, polystyrene (PS), glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) and polylactic acid (PLA). The filler content of the composites varied between 0 and 60 vol%. The components were homogenized in an internal mixer and plates were compression molded for testing. The Lewis-Nielsen model was fitted to the moduli of each composite series, and it was found that the physical contact of the filler particles is a limiting factor of composite modulus. Interfacial interactions were estimated from two independent approaches. Firstly, the extent of reinforcement was determined from the composition dependence of tensile strength. Secondly, the reversible work of adhesion was calculated from the surface energies of the components. As only weak van der Waals interactions develop in the interphase of polyolefins and sunflower husk particles, adhesion is weak in their composites resulting in poor reinforcement. Interfacial adhesion enhanced by specific interactions in the interphase, such as π electron interactions for PS, hydrogen bonds for PLA, and both for PETG based composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Kun
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (D.K.); (Z.K.); (E.F.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, P.O. Box 286, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kárpáti
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (D.K.); (Z.K.); (E.F.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, P.O. Box 286, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Fekete
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (D.K.); (Z.K.); (E.F.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, P.O. Box 286, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Móczó
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (D.K.); (Z.K.); (E.F.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, P.O. Box 286, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kandola BK, Mistik SI, Pornwannachai W, Horrocks AR. Effects of Water and Chemical Solutions Ageing on the Physical, Mechanical, Thermal and Flammability Properties of Natural Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154581. [PMID: 34361733 PMCID: PMC8347218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocomposites comprising a combination of natural fibres and bio-based polymers are good alternatives to those produced from synthetic components in terms of sustainability and environmental issues. However, it is well known that water or aqueous chemical solutions affect natural polymers/fibres more than the respective synthetic components. In this study the effects of water, salt water, acidic and alkali solutions ageing on water uptake, mechanical properties and flammability of natural fibre-reinforced polypropylene (PP) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were compared. Jute, sisal and wool fibre- reinforced PP and PLA composites were prepared using a novel, patented nonwoven technology followed by the hot press method. The prepared composites were aged in water and chemical solutions for up to 3 week periods. Water absorption, flexural properties and the thermal and flammability performances of the composites were investigated before and after ageing each process. The effect of post-ageing drying on the retention of mechanical and flammability properties has also been studied. A linear relationship between irreversible flexural modulus reduction and water adsorption/desorption was observed. The aqueous chemical solutions caused further but minor effects in terms of moisture sorption and flexural modulus changes. PLA composites were affected more than the respective PP composites, because of their hydrolytic sensitivity. From thermal analytical results, these changes in PP composites could be attributed to ageing effects on fibres, whereas in PLA composite changes related to both those of fibres present and of the polymer. Ageing however, had no adverse effect on the flammability of the composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baljinder K. Kandola
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK; (S.I.M.); (W.P.); (A.R.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-120-490-3517
| | - S. Ilker Mistik
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK; (S.I.M.); (W.P.); (A.R.H.)
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wiwat Pornwannachai
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK; (S.I.M.); (W.P.); (A.R.H.)
- SCG Chemicals Co., Ltd., 1 Siam Cement Road, Bang Sue, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - A. Richard Horrocks
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK; (S.I.M.); (W.P.); (A.R.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Properties and Characterization of Lignin Nanoparticles Functionalized in Macroalgae Biopolymer Films. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030637. [PMID: 33806473 PMCID: PMC8000402 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The demand for bioplastic material for industrial applications is increasing. However, moisture absorption and low mechanical strength have limited the use of bioplastic in commercial-scale applications. Macroalgae is no exception to these challenges of bioplastics. In this study, Kappaphycus alvarezii macroalgae were reinforced with lignin nanoparticles. Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were used as a filler to reduce the brittleness and hydrophilic nature of macroalgae (matrix). Lignin nanofiller was produced using a green approach from black liquor of soda pulping waste and purified. The physical, mechanical, morphological, structural, thermal, and water barrier properties of LNPs with and without the purification process in macroalgae films were studied. The bioplastic films’ functional properties, such as physical, mechanical, thermal, and water barrier properties, were significantly improved by incorporating purified and unpurified LNPs. However, the purified LNPs have a greater reinforcement effect on the macroalgae than unpurified LNPs. In this study, bioplastic film with 5% purified LNPs presented the optimum enhancement on almost all the functional properties. The enhancement is attributed to high compatibility due to strong interfacial interaction between the nanofiller and matrix. The developed LNPs/macroalgae bioplastic films can provide additional benefits and solutions to various industrial applications, especially packaging material.
Collapse
|
16
|
Xue C, Hsu KM, Chiu CY, Chang YK, Ng IS. Fabrication of bio-based polyamide 56 and antibacterial nanofiber membrane from cadaverine. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128967. [PMID: 33218735 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A green bioprocess for the fabrication of nanofiber membranes from the biomaterial polyamide 56 (PA56) via electrospinning was proposed. Cadaverine, as the precursor of PA56, was first produced from recombinant Escherichia coli using the whole-cell biotransformation of lysine. PA56 was then fabricated by mixing adipic acid with purified cadaverine obtained from solvent extraction and distillation. The thermal properties of the fabricated PA56 are as follows: a melting point of 250 °C, a crystallization point of 220 °C, and a degradation temperature of 410 °C. A PA56 nanofiber membrane (PAM) was further prepared via electrospinning. Dyed membranes (P-Dye) were obtained by the reaction of Reactive Red 141 dye with the amino group of PAM. Poly-(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) was attached to the P-Dye to create P-Dye-PHMB. On the other hand, PAM with alginate, used to facilitate PHMB attachment (P-Alg-PHMB), was compared with P-Dye-PHMB in terms of antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of E. coli and Pseudomonas putida. P-Alg-PHMB showed excellent antibacterial efficiency for E. coli (97%) and P. putida (100%). The proposed bioprocess can be used to fabricate novel membranes for biomedical applications and functional textiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Xue
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Min Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yaw Chiu
- Graduate School of Biochemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kaung Chang
- Graduate School of Biochemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xue C, Hsu KM, Ting WW, Huang SF, Lin HY, Li SF, Chang JS, Ng IS. Efficient biotransformation of l-lysine into cadaverine by strengthening pyridoxal 5’-phosphate-dependent proteins in Escherichia coli with cold shock treatment. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|