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Zhao Y, Dong R, Wang G, Li W, Sui W, Jia H, Si C. Lignin-based metal chelate fertilizers: preparation, properties and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 312:144108. [PMID: 40350137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.144108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2025] [Accepted: 05/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Lignin, as a renewable natural polymer, is recognized as a promising metal chelating agent due to its reactive functional groups capable of chelating metal ions. However, the relatively limited number of reactive functional groups in lignin restricts its chelating capacity to a certain extent and hence limits its application as a metal chelating fertilizer. This review focuses on various lignin modification methods, including sulfonation, sulfomethylation, amination, oxidation, carboxymethylation, demethylation, and phenolization, which can increase the number of functional groups available for metal chelation in lignin. Furthermore, the methods for preparing lignin-based metal chelate fertilizers utilizing modified lignin with necessary classifications and summaries were systematically introduced. The application effects of lignin-based metal chelate fertilizers in plant cultivation are discussed, with particular emphasis on their role in enhancing plant nutrient absorption, improving soil fertility, alleviating plant stress, and reducing the uptake of heavy metals by crops. Overall, the aim of this review is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the further application of lignin in the agricultural field as an indispensable component in metal chelate fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ruonan Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Guanhua Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Wenhui Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenjie Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Hongyu Jia
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong 250132, China.
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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2
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Zhang L, Fu J, Gao W, Li Y, Zhang W, Fan X. Study on structural alterations and degradation mechanism of lignin from ozone treated scutched flax tow (SFT). Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 292:139131. [PMID: 39725099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Ozone is commonly used in lignocellulosic fiber extraction and degumming processes because of its selective reactivity with lignin. However, most studies have focused on the removal of non-cellulosic substances from various lignocellulosic fibers (e.g., wood, pulp, bamboo, and sugarcane bagasse) and the conversion and utilization of the obtained lignin. The lignin degradation mechanism in lignocellulosic fibers during ozone degumming/extraction remains poorly understood. In this study, the structural alterations of milled wood lignin (MWL) isolated from scutched flax tow (SFT) before and after ozone treatment were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The results showed that the MWL from SFT was primarily composed of syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G) units. 2D HSQC NMR results revealed that the β-O-4' linkages were dominant in the lignin of SFT. After ozone treatment, some of β-O-4' and β-β linkages and most of β-5 linkages were damaged. The S-type units further degraded into G-type units in ozone treatment system. Overall, this work provides a detailed analysis and valuable insights into the delignification mechanism of the widely used ozone degumming/extraction process for lignocellulose fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, QNC-5621, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jiajia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Weidong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuning Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, QNC-5621, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuerong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Sun B, Sun H, Zhang L, Hu W, Wang X, Brennan CS, Han D, Wu G, Yi Y, Lü X. Characterization and rational engineering of a novel laccase from Geobacillus thermocatenulatus M17 for improved lignin degradation activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 292:138856. [PMID: 39725103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Lignin, with its complex, high-molecular-weight aromatic polymer structure and stable ether or ester bonds, greatly impedes the efficient degradation of lignocellulosic waste. Bacterial laccases have gained attention for their potential in lignocellulosic waste degradation due to their resilience in extreme conditions and ability to be produced in large quantities. In this study, a novel laccase from Geobacillus thermocatenulatus M17 was identified and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The enzymatic properties of this M17 laccase, including its tolerance to pH, temperature, metal ions, inhibitors, and organic solvents, were thoroughly investigated. The M17 laccase demonstrated optimal activity at pH 3-6 and at temperatures of 50-60 °C, with Co2+ enhancing its activity over Cu2+, and exhibited strong resistance to organic solvents. Further optimization through mutagenesis led to the engineered D217K variant. The efficiency of the engineered laccase was validated with alkali lignin and various sources of plant biomass. The degradation rate of D217K variant for alkali lignin increased significantly, rising from 66.33 % to 83.27 %. Additionally, for high-lignin-content biomass, the degradation rates improved as follows: wheat stover increased from 7.63 % to 10.29 %, switchgrass from 6.02 % to 7.00 %, and corn stalk from 4.51 % to 6.59 %. In conclusion, this study identified a new bacterial laccase and further enhanced its activity through rational engineering, suggesting its promising application in plant biomass degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Leshan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Charles S Brennan
- STEM College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dandan Han
- Shaanxi Yiruikang Biotechnology Co., LTD, Xianyang 712023, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Gang Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yanglei Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Zhang X, Duan F, Su Y, Wang M, Wang J. Effects of ultrasonic-alkali integrated extraction combined with Mannesi reaction on the antimicrobial properties of rice straw lignin and enhancement strategies. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 284:138047. [PMID: 39603303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 11/23/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Lignin is one of the most abundant and underused biopolymers in nature with limited antimicrobial activities. Herein, this work aimed to enhance the antimicrobial activity of lignin extracted from waste rice straw by ultrasonic-alkali integrated extraction (USP-AT) and modify the alkali lignin through Mannich reaction to improve its antimicrobial properties. The effects of ultrasonic pretreatment (USP) time on the chemical structure, morphology, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of lignin were studied. The results demonstrated that the total phenolic content of USP-AT lignin was higher than that of lignin extracted by alkali treatment. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of USP-AT lignin was increased by 49.69 %-69.42 %. The antibacterial activity of USP-AT lignin against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus increased by more than 40 %. However, the antibacterial capacity of USP-AT lignin is far from meeting the requirements of antibacterial food packaging. The alkali lignin was modified by Mannich reaction in order to improve its antimicrobial properties against common spoilage microorganisms or pathogenic bacteria in food and packaging. The modified USP-AT lignin exhibit remarkable antimicrobial capacities to representative bacteria, molds, and yeasts. The antifungal capacity of modified USP-AT lignin against A. niger and P. citrinum were improved by more than 40 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Packaging Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li Hu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Fang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li Hu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yue Su
- Department of Packaging Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li Hu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Packaging Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li Hu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Packaging Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li Hu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li Hu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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Creteanu A, Lungu CN, Lungu M. Lignin: An Adaptable Biodegradable Polymer Used in Different Formulation Processes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1406. [PMID: 39459044 PMCID: PMC11509946 DOI: 10.3390/ph17101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2024] [Revised: 10/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION LIG is a biopolymer found in vascular plant cell walls that is created by networks of hydroxylated and methoxylated phenylpropane that are randomly crosslinked. Plant cell walls contain LIG, a biopolymer with significant potential for usage in modern industrial and pharmaceutical applications. It is a renewable raw resource. The plant is mechanically protected by this substance, which may increase its durability. Because it has antibacterial and antioxidant qualities, LIG also shields plants from biological and chemical challenges from the outside world. Researchers have done a great deal of work to create new materials and substances based on LIG. Numerous applications, including those involving antibacterial agents, antioxidant additives, UV protection agents, hydrogel-forming molecules, nanoparticles, and solid dosage forms, have been made with this biopolymer. METHODS For this review, a consistent literature screening using the Pubmed database from 2019-2024 has been performed. RESULTS The results showed that there is an increase in interest in lignin as an adaptable biomolecule. The most recent studies are focused on the biosynthesis and antimicrobial properties of lignin-derived molecules. Also, the use of lignin in conjunction with nanostructures is actively explored. CONCLUSIONS Overall, lignin is a versatile molecule with multiple uses in industry and medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Creteanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Claudiu N. Lungu
- Department of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, Romania;
| | - Mirela Lungu
- Department of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, Romania;
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Sun SC, Sun SF, Xu Y, Wen JL, Yuan TQ. Green and sustainable production of high-purity lignin microparticles with well-preserved substructure and enhanced anti-UV/oxidant activity using peroxide-promoted alkaline deep eutectic solvent. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127057. [PMID: 37751817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as promising and eco-friendly solvents for the efficient extraction of lignin from biomass due to their low cost and environmental benefits. Nevertheless, the prevalent use of acidic DESs in lignin extraction often results in excessive depolymerization and recondensation of lignin, thereby impeding its downstream applications. In this study, we developed a range of alkaline DESs (ADESs), both pure and peroxide-containing, for the extraction of high-quality lignin from bamboo. Moreover, carbon dioxide (CO2) was employed for the precipitation and regeneration of the extracted lignin. The obtained lignin fractions were comprehensively characterized in terms of yield, purity, morphology, solubility, structural features, and anti-UV/oxidant activity. The results showed that the monoethanolamine-based ADES demonstrated superior performance among the pure ADESs. Structural analysis confirmed the well-preserved substructures of lignin fractions obtained using ADESs, with β-O-4 bond retention ranging from 49.8 % to 68.4 %. The incorporation of a suitable amount of peroxide improved lignin yield, morphology, solubility, and anti-UV/oxidant activity. Additionally, the anti-UV/oxidant activity of lignin exhibited a positive correlation with its phenolic hydroxyl content. This study provides a valuable reference for the green and sustainable production and valorization of lignin within the existing biorefinery framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chao Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Fei Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Yuan J, Zhang H, Zhao H, Ren H, Zhai H. Study on Dissociation and Chemical Structural Characteristics of Areca Nut Husk. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031513. [PMID: 36771179 PMCID: PMC9919904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
From the perspective of full-component utilization of woody fiber biomass resources, areca nut husk is an excellent woody fiber biomass feedstock because of its fast regeneration, significant regeneration ability, sustainability, low cost, and easy availability. In this study, fiber cell morphologies, chemical compositions, lignin structures, and carbohydrate contents of areca nut husks were analyzed and compared with those of rice straw, and the application potentials of these two materials as biomass resources were compared. We found that areca nut husk fibers were shorter and wider than those of rice straw; areca nut husk contained more lignin and less ash, as well as less holocellulose than rice straw; areca nut husk and rice straw lignin were obtained by ball milling and phase separation, and areca nut husk lignin was found to be a typical GHS-type lignin. Herein, the yield of lignocresol was higher than that of milled wood lignin for both raw materials, and the molecular size was more homogeneous. Tricin structural monomers were discovered in the lignin of areca nut husk, similar to those present in other types of herbaceous plants. Structures of areca nut husk MWL (AHMWL) and AHLC were comprehensively characterized by quantitative NMR techniques (that is, 1H NMR, 31P NMR, and 2D NMR). The molecular structure of AHLC was found to be closer to the linear structure with more functional groups exposed on the molecular surface, and the hydroxyl-rich p-cresol grafting structure was successfully introduced into the lignin structure. In addition, the carbohydrate content in the aqueous layer of the phase separation system was close to the carbohydrate content in the raw material, indicating that the phase separation method can precisely separate lignin from carbohydrates. These experimental results indicate that the phase separation method as a method for lignin utilization and structure study has outstanding advantages in lignin structure regulation and yield, and areca nut husk lignin is suitable for application in the same phase separation systems as short-period herbs, such as rice straw and wheat grass, and has the advantages of low ash content and high lignification degree, which will provide guidance for the high-value utilization of areca nut husk in the future.
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8
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Dai L, Wang J, Liu XE, Ma Q, Fei B, Ma J, Jin Z. In-situ visualizing selective lignin dissolution of tracheids wall in reaction wood. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:691-700. [PMID: 36174859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As a renewable biological macromolecule with aromatic structure, lignin can serve as matrix substance to maintain cell wall integrity and is regarded as the natural biomass recalcitrance. Substantial differences in the cell wall lignin topochemistry between opposite (Ow) and compression wood (Cw) trachieds in Pinus bungeana Zucc. were visualized during [Emim][OAc] pretreatment at room temperature. The ionic liqiuds treatment induced a more obvious wall swelling for highly lignified Cw tracheids than that of Ow, while dynamic Raman spectra analysis indicated the higher lignin and carbohydrates removal for Ow tracheids. Raman imaging further revealed that both lignin and carbohydrates were dissolved simultaneously within the middle lamella and secondary wall of Ow and pretreatment has little effects on Cw tracheids wall. Moreover, it was demonstrated that lignin composition was the key factor to affect the composition dissolution. In particular, lignin G-units were selectively removed from cell corner middle lamella (52.3 %) and secondary wall (62.0 %) of Ow tracheids. When cotton fiber, as a reference was treated under the same conditions, lattice conversion moving from cellulose I to II occurred. The findings confirmed the important role of lignin compostion in the dissolution behavior of carbohydrate dominant tracheids wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxin Dai
- Key Lab of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Key Lab of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xing-E Liu
- Key Lab of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Key Lab of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Benhua Fei
- Key Lab of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- Key Lab of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Zhi Jin
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
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Ultrastructural elucidation of lignin macromolecule from different growth stages of Chinese pine. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1792-1800. [PMID: 35483510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the morphological changes at different growth stages and lignin accumulation pattern for pine biomass plays the key role in facilitating the further development of value-added utilization and downstream conversion processes. This work systematically revealed the morphological change and lignin accumulation pattern in Chinese pine branches cell walls via confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) technology. Meanwhile, the structural characteristics of isolated lignin samples from different growth stages were synthetically characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) techniques. The results indicated that the content of pith in adult pine new branch was bigger than juvenile trees. With the increase of physiological age, the branches in adult pine could accumulate more lignin both in overall content and the concentration of cell corner middle layer. Moreover, the significantly increases of molecular weights and the β-O-4, β-β linkages content revealed that the lignin macromolecule of pine would polymerize faster in the adult stage (14, 35 years). The panorama generated from the structural and chemical features of pine native lignin not only benefited to understand the biosynthetic pathways and lignin macromolecules structural variation in plant cell walls from different growth stages but also contributed to the valorization and deconstruction of biomass.
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Agrawal R, Kumar A, Singh S, Sharma K. Recent advances and future perspectives of lignin biopolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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You S, Xie Y, Zhuang X, Chen H, Qin Y, Cao J, Lan T. Effect of high antioxidant activity on bacteriostasis of lignin from sugarcane bagasse. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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12
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Wu Y, Cheng J, Yang Q, Hu J, Zhou Q, Wang L, Liu Z, Hui L. Solid acid facilitated deep eutectic solvents extraction of high-purity and antioxidative lignin production from poplar wood. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:64-70. [PMID: 34688675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pure deep eutectic solvents (DESs) system of choline chloride (ChCl)/Lactic acid (Lac) were demonstrated to be an effective strategy for extraction of lignin. In this study, two kinds of different promising solid acid (SA) with DESs were designed to promote the pretreatment of lignocellulose. The SA of phosphotungstic acid (H3O40PW12) and iron bromide (FeBr3) were introduced into DESs to extract poplar wood lignin and evaluate the antioxidant activity. It was found that 82.2% and 80.9% of lignin were obtained from poplar wood under H3O40PW12-ChCl/Lac acid and FeBr3-choline ChCl/Lac system with 4 h and 8 h, respectively. The lignin fractions with a high purity (>89%), low molecular weight (Mw 1800-2000 g/mol). Besides, the antioxidant activities of lignin fractions were better than butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA). Therefore, DES lignin has prominent antioxidant activity and could developed a potential natural cosmetics and food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglong Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jinru Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jianquan Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Quanwei Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lingyuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Lanfeng Hui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Alipoormazandarani N, Fokkink R, Fatehi P. Deposition behavior of lignin on solid surfaces assessed by stagnation point adsorption reflectometry. RSC Adv 2021; 11:16980-16988. [PMID: 35479723 PMCID: PMC9032271 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02248b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition behavior of lignin on a solid surface was studied using stagnation point adsorption reflectometry (SPAR) comprehensively. In this study, the light absorption coefficient of lignin (τ = 20 476 m-1) at 633 nm wavelength was considered to define a new imaginary refractive index (k) used in the SPAR technique for adsorption analysis. The inclusion of k in the adsorption model yielded an adsorbed amount (Γ) of 1.11 mg m-2, leading to the quality factor (Q f) of 31.71 mg m-2. At a lower concentration, the deposition of lignin on the surface was increased, and it generated a maximum sticking coefficient of β = 0.71 at 25 mg L-1 on the surface. At the concentration range of 35 and 45 mg L-1, lignin formed clusters and its deposition dropped. The use of Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and SPAR techniques also confirmed that the proportion of water in the deposited lignin adlayer was greater when a lower concentration (5-25 mg L-1) of lignin solution was used for adsorption. The findings of this study revealed the potential use of the SPAR technique for evaluating the deposition performance of lignin-based materials on varied surfaces, which would facilitate the development of coating and composite applications for lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Remco Fokkink
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research The Netherlands
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Lakehead University Thunder Bay Canada
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