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Lizarrondo J, Klebl DP, Niebling S, Abella M, Schroer MA, Mertens HDT, Veith K, Thuenauer R, Svergun DI, Skruzny M, Sobott F, Muench SP, Garcia-Alai MM. Structure of the endocytic adaptor complex reveals the basis for efficient membrane anchoring during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2889. [PMID: 34001871 PMCID: PMC8129110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During clathrin-mediated endocytosis, a complex and dynamic network of protein-membrane interactions cooperate to achieve membrane invagination. Throughout this process in yeast, endocytic coat adaptors, Sla2 and Ent1, must remain attached to the plasma membrane to transmit force from the actin cytoskeleton required for successful membrane invagination. Here, we present a cryo-EM structure of a 16-mer complex of the ANTH and ENTH membrane-binding domains from Sla2 and Ent1 bound to PIP2 that constitutes the anchor to the plasma membrane. Detailed in vitro and in vivo mutagenesis of the complex interfaces delineate the key interactions for complex formation and deficient cell growth phenotypes demonstrate its biological relevance. A hetero-tetrameric unit binds PIP2 molecules at the ANTH-ENTH interfaces and can form larger assemblies to contribute to membrane remodeling. Finally, a time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering study of the interaction of these adaptor domains in vitro suggests that ANTH and ENTH domains have evolved to achieve a fast subsecond timescale assembly in the presence of PIP2 and do not require further proteins to form a stable complex. Together, these findings provide a molecular understanding of an essential piece in the molecular puzzle of clathrin-coated endocytic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Lizarrondo
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David P Klebl
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stephan Niebling
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Abella
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin A Schroer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Haydyn D T Mertens
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Veith
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Technology Platform Microscopy and Image Analysis, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitri I Svergun
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michal Skruzny
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Sobott
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Chemistry, Biomolecular and Analytical Mass Spectrometry group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stephen P Muench
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Maria M Garcia-Alai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany. .,Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Hamburg, Germany.
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de Jong F, Munnik T. Attracted to membranes: lipid-binding domains in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:707-723. [PMID: 33793907 PMCID: PMC8133573 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Membranes are essential for cells and organelles to function. As membranes are impermeable to most polar and charged molecules, they provide electrochemical energy to transport molecules across and create compartmentalized microenvironments for specific enzymatic and cellular processes. Membranes are also responsible for guided transport of cargoes between organelles and during endo- and exocytosis. In addition, membranes play key roles in cell signaling by hosting receptors and signal transducers and as substrates and products of lipid second messengers. Anionic lipids and their specific interaction with target proteins play an essential role in these processes, which are facilitated by specific lipid-binding domains. Protein crystallography, lipid-binding studies, subcellular localization analyses, and computer modeling have greatly advanced our knowledge over the years of how these domains achieve precision binding and what their function is in signaling and membrane trafficking, as well as in plant development and stress acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke de Jong
- Cluster Green Life Sciences, Section Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Teun Munnik
- Cluster Green Life Sciences, Section Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Author for communication:
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Wei B, Gao X, Cadang L, Izadi S, Liu P, Zhang HM, Hecht E, Shim J, Magill G, Pabon JR, Dai L, Phung W, Lin E, Wang C, Whang K, Sanchez S, Oropeza J, Camperi J, Zhang J, Sandoval W, Zhang YT, Jiang G. Fc galactosylation follows consecutive reaction kinetics and enhances immunoglobulin G hexamerization for complement activation. MAbs 2021; 13:1893427. [PMID: 33682619 PMCID: PMC7946005 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1893427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fc galactosylation is a critical quality attribute for anti-tumor recombinant immunoglobulin G (IgG)-based monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapeutics with complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) as the mechanism of action. Although the correlation between galactosylation and CDC has been known, the underlying structure–function relationship is unclear. Heterogeneity of the Fc N-glycosylation produced by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture biomanufacturing process leads to variable CDC potency. Here, we derived a kinetic model of galactose transfer reaction in the Golgi apparatus and used this model to determine the correlation between differently galactosylated species from CHO cell culture process. The model was validated by a retrospective data analysis of more than 800 historical samples from small-scale and large-scale CHO cell cultures. Furthermore, using various analytical technologies, we discovered the molecular basis for Fc glycan terminal galactosylation changing the three-dimensional conformation of the Fc, which facilitates the IgG1 hexamerization, thus enhancing C1q avidity and subsequent complement activation. Our study offers insight into the formation of galactosylated species, as well as a novel three-dimensional understanding of the structure–function relationship of terminal galactose to complement activation in mAb therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchuan Wei
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States.,Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Xuan Gao
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Lance Cadang
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States
| | - Saeed Izadi
- Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Peilu Liu
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University,Florida, United States
| | - Hui-Min Zhang
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States
| | - Elizabeth Hecht
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Jeongsup Shim
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Gordon Magill
- Department of Cell Culture and Bioprocess Operations, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Juan Rincon Pabon
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence United States
| | - Lu Dai
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States
| | - Wilson Phung
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Elaine Lin
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Christopher Wang
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Kevin Whang
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Sean Sanchez
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Jose Oropeza
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | - Julien Camperi
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States
| | - Jennifer Zhang
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,United States
| | - Wendy Sandoval
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Guoying Jiang
- Biological Technologies, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
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