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Duske K, Turan B, Prinz C, Lenz JH, Stahl F, Warkentin M. Functionality testing of an innovative biomechanically optimized and surface-modified orthodontic mini-screw-a comparative study. J Orofac Orthop 2024:10.1007/s00056-023-00508-9. [PMID: 38224419 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-023-00508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The failure rate of orthodontic mini-screws depends strongly on primary stability and, thus, on insertion torque. Further improvement regarding the failure rate might be achieved by modifying the surface coating. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the stability of a newly designed and surface-modified orthodontic mini-screw in beagle dogs. METHODS Newly designed mini-screws coated either with DOTIZE® or DOTIZE®-copper (DOT GmbH, Rostock, Germany; each: n = 24) were inserted in the mandibles of eight beagle dogs for a duration of 8 months. Insertion and removal torque were measured. These data were compared to values generated by using the artificial bone material Sawbones® (Sawbones Europe AB, Malmö, Sweden). Experiments with and without torque limitation (each: n = 5) were run. The bone-to-implant contact rate and the amount of bone between the threads were examined. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS The success rates of the in vivo study reached high levels with 95.3% for the DOTIZE-coated and 90.5% for the DOTIZE-copper-coated screws, whereas the insertion and removal torque did not differ between the coatings. During insertion, a torque limitation of 20 Ncm was necessary to ensure that the recommended limit was not exceeded. The insertion in Sawbones without torque limitation revealed a significantly higher torque compared to torque-limited insertion (18.2 ± 1.3 Ncm, 23.6 ± 1.3 Ncm). Bending occurred (n = 5) in the thread-free part of the mini-screw. CONCLUSIONS Surface coating might be able to improve the performance of orthodontic mini-screws. The study showed high success rates and stable mini-screws until the end of observation. Further investigations are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Duske
- Department of Orthodontics, University Dental School, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Billan Turan
- Department of Orthodontics, University Dental School, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Jan Hendrik Lenz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Franka Stahl
- Department of Orthodontics, University Dental School, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mareike Warkentin
- Working Group for Implant Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technologies, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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2
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Gezer P, Yilanci H. Comparison of mechanical stability of mini-screws with resorbable blasting media and micro-arc oxidation surface treatments under orthodontic forces: An in vitro biomechanical study. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100775. [PMID: 37263049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the primary stability of mini-screws with different surface treatments such as resorbable blasting media (RBM) and micro-arc oxidation (MAO) under in vitro orthodontic forces. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six self-drilling TiAl6V4-ELI grade 23 titanium alloy 1.6×8mm mini-screws were inserted into polyurethane foam blocks and divided into three groups according to surface properties: machine surface (MS), RBM-treated, and MAO-treated. An orthodontic force of 150g was applied to the mini-screws using NiTi coils. Maximum insertion torque (MIT) and maximum removal torque (MRT) were measured with a digital torque screwdriver during insertion and removal. For each mini-screw, stability measurements were made with the Periotest M device at day 0 and weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12. RESULTS Significant differences in MIT were observed between all groups in pairwise comparisons (P<0.001) with the highest value in the MAO-treated group and the lowest in the MS group. The mean MRT values differed in all three groups (P=0.001). In pairwise comparisons of MRT, only the difference between MS group and RBM-treated group was significant. The highest value was observed in the RBM-treated group, while the lowest value was observed in the MS group. Periotest values were significantly higher in the MAO-treated group than the RBM-treated group at weeks 8 and 12. A positive significant correlation was found between MIT and MRT in all groups. No significant correlation was found between MIT, MRT and Periotest values in all groups. CONCLUSION RBM-treated group was significantly higher than the MS group in MIT and MRT values. According to Periotest values, RBM-treated group was found to be significantly more stable than the MAO-treated group at weeks 8 and 12. Therefore, RBM surface treatment was found to be more favourable than other surfaces to increase success rate in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Gezer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hilal Yilanci
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Grzeskowiak RM, Rifkin RE, Croy EG, Steiner RC, Seddighi R, Mulon PY, Adair HS, Anderson DE. Temporal Changes in Reverse Torque of Locking-Head Screws Used in the Locking Plate in Segmental Tibial Defect in Goat Model. Front Surg 2021; 8:637268. [PMID: 33987199 PMCID: PMC8111000 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.637268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in peak reverse torque (PRT) of the locking head screws that occur over time. A locking plate construct, consisting of an 8-hole locking plate and 8 locking screws, was used to stabilize a tibia segmental bone defect in a goat model. PRT was measured after periods of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of ambulation. PRT for each screw was determined during plate removal. Statistical analysis revealed that after 6 months of loading, locking screws placed in position no. 4 had significantly less PRT as compared with screws placed in position no. 5 (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in PRT between groups as a factor of time (p > 0.05). Intracortical fractures occurred during the placement of 151 out of 664 screws (22.7%) and were significantly more common in the screw positions closest to the osteotomy (positions 4 and 5, p < 0.05). Periosteal and endosteal bone reactions and locking screw backout occurred significantly more often in the proximal bone segments (p < 0.05). Screw backout significantly, negatively influenced the PRT of the screws placed in positions no. 3, 4, and 5 (p < 0.05). The locking plate-screw constructs provided stable fixation of 2.5-cm segmental tibia defects in a goat animal model for up to 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remigiusz M Grzeskowiak
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Rebecca E Rifkin
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Elizabeth G Croy
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Richard C Steiner
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Reza Seddighi
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Pierre-Yves Mulon
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Henry S Adair
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - David E Anderson
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
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4
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Grzeskowiak RM, Freeman LR, Harper DP, Anderson DE, Mulon P. Effect of cyclic loading on the stability of screws placed in the locking plates used to bridge segmental bone defects. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:516-524. [PMID: 32844515 PMCID: PMC7984344 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ex vivo effect of cyclic loading on the stability of screws placed in locking plates used to bridge segmental bone defects. The primary interface stability was assessed using peak reverse torque. Eighteen, 8-hole stainless-steel 4.5 mm locking plates and 4.0-mm self-tapping locking-head screws were used to stabilize 40-mm segmental defects in goat tibiae. Treatment groups included control constructs without cyclic loading (n = 6) and constructs tested to 5000 (n = 6) and 10,000 cycles (n = 6) of 600 N compressive axial loading. The insertion of all screws was standardized to 400 N-cm insertion torque. Peak reverse torque was measured immediately after screw placement (control), or after the completion of the respective loading cycles. The difference between treatment groups was compared using univariate analysis of variance. The analysis revealed a significant difference in peak reverse torque of the screws among the treatment groups (p = .000). The mean reverse torque values equaled 343.5 ± 18.3 N-cm for non-cycled controls, 303.3 ± 25.9 and 296.0 ± 42.9 N-cm after 5000 and 10,000 cycles, respectively. Among all treatment groups, screws placed in the distal bone segment tended to have lesser peak reverse torque reduction than those placed in the proximal segment and the difference was proportional to the number of cycles (p = .562; p = .255; p = .013 in control, and after 5000 and 10,000 cycles, respectively). Cyclic loading may have a negative effect on the primary stability of screws placed in locking plate constructs used to bridge segmental bone defects and could contribute to the risk of screw loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remigiusz M. Grzeskowiak
- Large Animal Clinical SciencesUniversity of Tennessee College of Veterinary MedicineKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Laura R. Freeman
- Large Animal Clinical SciencesUniversity of Tennessee College of Veterinary MedicineKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - David P. Harper
- The Center for Renewable Carbon, Institute of AgricultureUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - David E. Anderson
- Large Animal Clinical SciencesUniversity of Tennessee College of Veterinary MedicineKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Pierre‐Yves Mulon
- Large Animal Clinical SciencesUniversity of Tennessee College of Veterinary MedicineKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
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5
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Grzeskowiak RM, Schumacher J, Dhar MS, Harper DP, Mulon PY, Anderson DE. Bone and Cartilage Interfaces With Orthopedic Implants: A Literature Review. Front Surg 2020; 7:601244. [PMID: 33409291 PMCID: PMC7779634 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.601244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The interface between a surgical implant and tissue consists of a complex and dynamic environment characterized by mechanical and biological interactions between the implant and surrounding tissue. The implantation process leads to injury which needs to heal over time and the rapidity of this process as well as the property of restored tissue impact directly the strength of the interface. Bleeding is the first and most relevant step of the healing process because blood provides growth factors and cellular material necessary for tissue repair. Integration of the implants placed in poorly vascularized tissue such as articular cartilage is, therefore, more challenging than compared with the implants placed in well-vascularized tissues such as bone. Bleeding is followed by the establishment of a provisional matrix that is gradually transformed into the native tissue. The ultimate goal of implantation is to obtain a complete integration between the implant and tissue resulting in long-term stability. The stability of the implant has been defined as primary (mechanical) and secondary (biological integration) stability. Successful integration of an implant within the tissue depends on both stabilities and is vital for short- and long-term surgical outcomes. Advances in research aim to improve implant integration resulting in enhanced implant and tissue interface. Numerous methods have been employed to improve the process of modifying both stability types. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of current knowledge regarding implant-tissue interfaces within bone and cartilage as well as novel approaches to strengthen the implant-tissue interface. Furthermore, it gives an insight into the current state-of-art biomechanical testing of the stability of the implants. Current knowledge reveals that the design of the implants closely mimicking the native structure is more likely to become well integrated. The literature provides however several other techniques such as coating with a bioactive compound that will stimulate the integration and successful outcome for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remigiusz M. Grzeskowiak
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Jim Schumacher
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Madhu S. Dhar
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - David P. Harper
- The Center for Renewable Carbon, Institute of Agriculture, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Pierre-Yves Mulon
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - David E. Anderson
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Staedt H, Kämmerer PW, Goetze E, Thiem DGE, Al-Nawas B, Heimes D. Implant primary stability depending on protocol and insertion mode - an ex vivo study. Int J Implant Dent 2020; 6:49. [PMID: 32880030 PMCID: PMC7468011 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-020-00245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental implant primary stability is thought to be a fundamental prerequisite for the long-term survival and success. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of protocol and insertion mode on dental implant stability ex vivo. One hundred and twenty implants were inserted either manually or machine-driven into porcine mandibles by a standard or over-dimensioned protocol. Dental implant stability was measured via resonance frequency analysis (RFA), insertion torque (IT), and torque out (TO). Results Statistically significant higher IT and TO values were seen after standard protocol insertion (p < 0.05), whereas manual and machine-driven insertion mode showed equivalent values. Conclusions The over-dimensioned protocol exceeded the primary stability values recommended for immediate implant insertion; therefore, it could be recommended as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Staedt
- Private Practice and Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University Medical Center Rostock, Strempelstraße 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Peer W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Goetze
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel G E Thiem
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Diana Heimes
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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7
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Ting CC, Hsu KJ, Hsiao SY, Chen CM. The correlation among gripping volume, insertion torque, and pullout strength of micro-implant. J Dent Sci 2020; 15:500-504. [PMID: 33505623 PMCID: PMC7816014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose The fixation stability is the key factor for orthodontic micro-implant to succeed. This study evaluated the mechanical properties of three types of micro-implants by analyzing their structural configurations. Materials and methods Thirty micro-implants of three types (diameter 1.5 mm, Types A, B, C) were assessed. All micro-implants were manually driven into artificial bones at an 8-mm depth. The insertion torque (IT), pullout strength (PS), and gripping volume (GV) of each type were measured. The indexes of mechanical properties denoted as the PS/IT, GV/IT and PS/GV ratios. Intergroup comparisons and intragroup correlation were examined using statistical analysis. Results Type B had the greatest inner–outer diameter ratio (0.67), and Type A had the smallest (0.53). The IT of Type A (5.26 Ncm) was significantly (p = 0.038) lower than that of Type C (8.8 Ncm). There was no significant difference in the pullout strength. The GV of Type A (9.7 mm3) was significantly greater than Type C (8.4 mm3). Type C was significantly greater than Type B (7.2 mm3). The ratios of mechanical properties (PS/IT, PS/GV, and GV/IT) were found significant in intergroup comparison. The PS/GV ratio was in order: Type B (26.5) > Type A (23.0) > Type C (20.2). Spearman's rho rank correlation test showed that PS of Type B was correlated significantly with GV. Conclusion The design of thread and gripping volume were the important factors that contributes to the mechanical strengths of micro-implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chan Ting
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Jung Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Dentistry for Child and Special Needs, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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8
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Tseng YC, Tsai CC, Cheng JH, Chou ST, Pan CY, Chen PH, Chen CM. Recognizing the peak bone mass (age 30) as a cutoff point to achieve the success of orthodontic implants. Odontology 2019; 108:503-510. [PMID: 31802301 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00476-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the critical risk factor (age 30: peak bone mass) to evaluate the success of orthodontic implants. A total of 426 orthodontic implants were placed in 270 patients as orthodontic anchorages. Data were analyzed according to patient's characteristics, location of placement, implant categories, and orthodontic force. The young patients were the age ≤ 30 years and the older patients were the age > 30 years. Statistical analysis was performed and a p value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. The Chi-square or Fisher exact test was used depending on sample sizes. The null hypothesis was no statistically significant correlation between age ≤ 30 years and age > 30 years. The overall success rate (with and without predrill) was 89.2%. The success rate of orthodontic implants was significantly larger in younger patients (89.9%) than in older patients (76.1%). Recognizing age-related factor in the success rates, older patient (> 30 years) were significant lower than young patients (≤ 30 years) in the gender (female and male), malocclusion (Class II), facial pattern (ortho and hyperdivergent), location (infrazygomatic crest), jaw (maxilla), side (right), material (titanium and stainless), length (9 mm and 10 mm), diameter (2 mm), load (< 3 weeks), and force (intrusion). Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. Age 30 is a cutoff point to achieve the success of orthodontic implants. The success rates of older patients (age > 30 years) were significant lower than young patients (age ≤ 30 years), especially in female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Tseng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hsuan Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Ting Chou
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yun Pan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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9
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Grzeskowiak RM, Wheeler C, Taylor E, Lillich J, Roush J, Biris AS, Anderson DE. Biomechanical evaluation of peak reverse torque (PRT) in a dynamic compression plate-screw construct used in a goat tibia segmental defect model. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:321. [PMID: 31488151 PMCID: PMC6729065 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peak reverse torque (PRT) is a valid method to evaluate implants’ secondary stability in the healing bone. The secondary stability is achieved by the implant over time and it has been positively correlated with the implants’ osseointegration level. In other words, peak reverse torque is the force required to break the bone-implant interface. The purpose of this study was to compare the peak reverse torque for the self-tapping and non-self-tapping screws used in a dynamic compression plate–screw–bone construct after 60 days of loading when used to stabilize 2.5-cm defects in the tibia of goats. The second objective was to compare the peak removal torque of the screws placed in the different positions to evaluate the impact of construct biomechanics on implants osseointegration. Results In total, 176 non-self-tapping screws and 66 self-tapping screws were used to fix the 8-holes dynamic compression plates to the bones. The screws were placed in the tibiae from proximal (position sites 1,2, 3) to distal (position sites 4,5,6) and were removed 60 days post-implantation. The animals remained weight-bearing throughout the study period. The screws placed in the proximal diaphysis had significantly less peak reverse torque than screws placed in the distal diaphysis in both groups (p < 0.05). The peak reverse torque resistance was also significantly less for the non-self-tapping screws as compared with the self-tapping screws (p < 0.05). The intracortical fractures in the trans-cortex occurred significantly more frequently during the placement of non-self-tapping screws (p < 0.05) as compared with self-tapping screws (p < 0.05). Conclusions Based on these results, we concluded that self-tapping screws may be expected to maintain a more stable bone-implant interface during the first 60 days of loading as compared with non-self-tapping screws. This should be a consideration for orthopedic surgeons and scientists using bone plates to stabilize non-load sharing fractures when a stable plate-screw-bone interface is needed to ensure prolonged stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remigiusz M Grzeskowiak
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine,
- 2407 River Dr, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Carrie Wheeler
- Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine,
- 1700 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Elizabeth Taylor
- Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine,
- 1700 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - James Lillich
- Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine,
- 1700 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - James Roush
- Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine,
- 1700 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Alexandru S Biris
- The University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences,
- 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - David E Anderson
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine,
- 2407 River Dr, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.,Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine,
- 1700 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
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10
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Gomez JP, Giraldo L, Montoya D, Urrea M. Cortical Piezo-Puncture as a Minimally Invasive Method for Reducing MiniScrew Implant Insertion Torque: A Preliminary in vitro Study. APOS TRENDS IN ORTHODONTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/apos.apos_53_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of cortical piezo-puncture (CPP) on maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum removal torque (MRT), and maximum axial load (MAL) during the insertion of self-drilling miniscrew implants (MSI), in an experimental model with proximal epiphysis of bovine tibia.
Materials and Methods
A comparative study was conducted using two groups of 20 self-drilling MSI inserted in intact bone (control group) and in bone with previous CPP (experimental group). MIT, MRT, and MAL of the 20 mini implants of each group were measured. Using SPSS software, Student’s t-test was applied to compare MIT and MRT and the U-test Mann–Whitney test was applied to compare MAL in both groups as well as Pearson and Spearman correlation.
Results
In the experimental group, average values of 12.85 (±4,32) Newton x centimeters (Ncm), 13.7 (±4,54) Ncm, and 22,474 (±895,95) gF for MIT, MRT, and MAL were found, respectively. In the control group, average values found for MIT, MRT, and MAL were 20.2 (±4,7) Ncm, 22.3 (±5,17) Ncm, and 4688,7 (±320,18) gF, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in MIT, MRT, and MAL between control and experimental groups (P < 0,001).
Conclusions
CPP before insertion of orthodontic MSI in bovine tibia significantly reduces MIT, MRT, and MAL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Miguel Urrea
- Private Practice, Implantology Pereira, Colombia
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11
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Gripping and Anchoring Effects on the Mechanical Strengths of Orthodontic Microimplants. IMPLANT DENT 2018; 27:288-293. [PMID: 29781832 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical strengths in 5 different designs of orthodontic microimplants by analyzing their configuration of structure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty microimplants of 5 types (diameter 1.5 mm: type A, B, and C; diameter 1.3 mm: type D and E) were assessed. All microimplants were manually driven into the artificial bones at a 7-mm depth. The anchor area (AA), gripping area (GA), insertion torque (IT), Periotest value (PTV), and pullout strength (PS) were measured. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were used to detect their significant differences. RESULTS In the intergroup comparison, type D had a least IT (4.5 Ncm). In the PTV analysis, type B had the largest AA (7.76 mm) and its PTV (1.6) was significantly least than the others. In the PS test, type C had the largest GA (2.40 mm) and its PS was the largest. Intragroup comparisons (IT and PS), type A, and type E presented positively significant correlation. GA revealed positive with PS, and AA showed reverse tendency with PTV. CONCLUSION The more AA of microimplants, the more stable they are. The more GA of microimplants, the more PS they are. Therefore, type C was better than the others because it had the largest GA and second largest AA.
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Effects of gripping volume in the mechanical strengths of orthodontic mini-implant. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 33:578-583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Effect of Anchor Length on the Pullout Strength of Palatal Mini Implants. IMPLANT DENT 2017; 26:553-558. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tseng YC, Ting CC, Du JK, Chen CM, Wu JH, Chen HS. Insertion torque, resonance frequency, and removal torque analysis of microimplants. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2016; 32:469-74. [PMID: 27638407 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the insertion torque (IT), resonance frequency (RF), and removal torque (RT) among three microimplant brands. Thirty microimplants of the three brands were used as follows: Type A (titanium alloy, 1.5-mm × 8-mm), Type B (stainless steel, 1.5-mm × 8-mm), and Type C (titanium alloy, 1.5-mm × 9-mm). A synthetic bone with a 2-mm cortical bone and bone marrow was used. Each microimplant was inserted into the synthetic bone, without predrilling, to a 7 mm depth. The IT, RF, and RT were measured in both vertical and horizontal directions. One-way analysis of variance and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient tests were used for intergroup and intragroup comparisons, respectively. In the vertical test, the ITs of Type C (7.8 Ncm) and Type B (7.5 Ncm) were significantly higher than that of Type A (4.4 Ncm). The RFs of Type C (11.5 kHz) and Type A (10.2 kHz) were significantly higher than that of Type B (7.5 kHz). Type C (7.4 Ncm) and Type B (7.3 Ncm) had significantly higher RTs than did Type A (4.1 Ncm). In the horizontal test, both the ITs and RTs were significantly higher for Type C, compared with Type A. No significant differences were found among the groups, and the study hypothesis was accepted. Type A had the lowest inner/outer diameter ratio and widest apical facing angle, engendering the lowest IT and highest RF values. However, no significant correlations in the IT, RF, and RT were observed among the three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Tseng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chan Ting
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Kang Du
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Clinics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Hui Wu
- Faculty of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Sen Chen
- Faculty of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Experimental investigation of the fracture torque of orthodontic anchorage screws. J Orofac Orthop 2016; 77:272-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00056-016-0032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Removal of dental implants: review of five different techniques. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:641-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tabuchi M, Ikeda T, Nakagawa K, Hirota M, Park W, Miyazawa K, Goto S, Ogawa T. Ultraviolet photofunctionalization increases removal torque values and horizontal stability of orthodontic miniscrews. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 148:274-82. [PMID: 26232836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to examine the effects of ultraviolet-mediated photofunctionalization of miniscrews and the in-vivo potential of bone-miniscrew integration. METHODS Self-drilling orthodontic miniscrews made from a titanium alloy were placed in rat femurs. Photofunctionalization was performed by treating the miniscrews with ultraviolet light for 12 minutes with a photo device immediately before implantation. Maximum insertion torque (week 0), removal torque (weeks 0 and 3), and resistance to lateral tipping force (week 3) were examined. RESULTS The removal torque at 3 weeks of healing was higher for the photofunctionalized screws than for the untreated screws. The regenerated bone tissue was more intact and contiguous around the photofunctionalized miniscrews than around the untreated ones. The miniscrew-bone complex seemed to produce interface failure, not cohesive fracture, in both groups. The displacement of untreated screws under a lateral tipping force was greater than that of photofunctionalized miniscrews. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that photofunctionalization increases the bioactivity of titanium-alloy miniscrews and improves the anchoring capability of orthodontic miniscrews, even without modification of the surface topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Tabuchi
- Visiting scholar, Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif; associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Ikeda
- Visiting scholar, Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Kahori Nakagawa
- Visiting scholar, Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Makoto Hirota
- Visiting scholar, Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Wonhee Park
- Visiting scholar, Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Ken Miyazawa
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shigemi Goto
- Professor and chairman, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Professor, Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
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Lima da Costa Valente M, Shimano AC, Marcantonio Junior E, Reis ACD. Relationship Between the Surface Chemical Composition of Implants and Contact With the Substrate. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2015; 41:17-21. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-11-00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to use scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry to assess possible morphologic and chemical changes after performing double-insertion and pullout tests of implants of different shapes and surface treatments. Four different types of implants were used—cylindrical machined-surface implants, cylindrical double-surface–treated porous implants, cylindrical surface-treated porous implants, and tapered surface-treated porous implants—representing a total of 32 screws. The implants were inserted into synthetic bone femurs, totaling 8 samples, before performing each insertion with standardized torque. After each pullout the implants were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry using a universal testing machine and magnified 35 times. No structural changes were detected on morphological surface characterization, only substrate accumulation. As for composition, there were concentration differences in the titanium, oxygen, and carbon elements. Implants with surface acid treatment undergo greater superficial changes in chemical composition than machined implants, that is, the greater the contact area of the implant with the substrate, the greater the oxide layer change. In addition, prior manipulation can alter the chemical composition of implants, typically to a greater degree in surface-treated implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Carlos Shimano
- Biomechanics, Medicine, and Rehabilitation of Locomotive Apparatus Department, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elcio Marcantonio Junior
- Osseointegrated Implants and Periodontics Department, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa Candido dos Reis
- Dental Materials and Prosthesis Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Anitua E, Murias-Freijo A, Piñas L, Tejero R, Prado R, Orive G. Nontraumatic Implant Explantation: A Biomechanical and Biological Analysis in Sheep Tibia. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2014; 42:3-11. [PMID: 25536339 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-14-00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical research in a sheep tibia model has been conducted to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of the nontraumatic implant explantation of failed implants, which allow placing a new one in the bone bed. Twelve dental implants were placed in sheep diaphysis tibia and once osseointegrated they were explanted using a nontraumatic implant explantation approach. Implant osseointegration and explantation were monitored by means of frequency resonance, removal torque, and angle of rotation measurement. The host bone bed and the explanted implant surface were analyzed by conventional microscopy and scanning electron microscope. Results show that osseointegration was broken with an angular displacement of less than 20°. In this situation the implant returns to implant stability quotient values in the same range of their primary stability. Moreover, the explantation technique causes minimal damage to the surrounding bone structure and cellularity. This nontraumatic approach allows the straightforward replacement of failed implants and emerges as a promising strategy to resolve clinically challenging situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- 1 Private practice in implantology and oral rehabilitation, Vitoria, Spain.,2 Biotechnology Institute (BTI), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Alia Murias-Freijo
- 1 Private practice in implantology and oral rehabilitation, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Laura Piñas
- 1 Private practice in implantology and oral rehabilitation, Vitoria, Spain
| | | | | | - Gorka Orive
- 2 Biotechnology Institute (BTI), Vitoria, Spain
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Brown RN, Sexton BE, Gabriel Chu TM, Katona TR, Stewart KT, Kyung HM, Liu SSY. Comparison of stainless steel and titanium alloy orthodontic miniscrew implants: a mechanical and histologic analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 145:496-504. [PMID: 24703288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The detailed mechanical and histologic properties of stainless steel miniscrew implants used for temporary orthodontic anchorage have not been assessed. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare them with identically sized titanium alloy miniscrew implants. METHODS Forty-eight stainless steel and 48 titanium alloy miniscrew implants were inserted into the tibias of 12 rabbits. Insertion torque and primary stability were recorded. One hundred grams of tensile force was applied between half of the implants in each group, resulting in 4 subgroups of 24 specimens each. Fluorochrome labeling was administered at weeks 4 and 5. When the rabbits were euthanized at 6 weeks, stability and removal torque were measured in half (ie, 12 specimens) of each of the 4 subgroups. Microdamage burden and bone-to-implant contact ratio were quantified in the other 12 specimens in each subgroup. Mixed model analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS All implants were stable at insertion and after 6 weeks. The only significant difference was the higher (9%) insertion torque for stainless steel. No significant differences were found between stainless steel and titanium alloy miniscrew implants in microdamage burden and bone-to-implant contact regardless of loading status. CONCLUSIONS Stainless steel and titanium alloy miniscrew implants provide the same mechanical stability and similar histologic responses, suggesting that both are suitable for immediate orthodontic clinical loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan N Brown
- Former resident, Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Brent E Sexton
- Former resident, Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Tien-Min Gabriel Chu
- Associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Thomas R Katona
- Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, School of Dentistry, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind; associate professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Kelton T Stewart
- Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Hee-Moon Kyung
- Professor and chair, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sean Shih-Yao Liu
- Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind.
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Meursinge Reynders R, Ronchi L, Ladu L, Van Etten-Jamaludin F, Bipat S. Insertion torque and orthodontic mini-implants: A systematic review of the artificial bone literature. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2013; 227:1181-202. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411913495986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This article systematically reviewed the literature to (1) identify variables that were associated with maximum insertion torque values during the insertion of orthodontic mini-implants into artificial bone, (2) quantify such associations and (3) assess adverse effects of this procedure. Computerized and manual searches were conducted up to 24 February 2012. Selection criteria included studies that (1) recorded maximum insertion torque during the insertion of orthodontic mini-implants into artificial bone, (2) used sample sizes of five screws or more, (3) assessed maximum insertion torque with electronic torque sensors, and (4) used orthodontic mini-implants with a diameter smaller than 2.5 mm. ASTM Standards F543-07ε1 and F1839-08ε1 and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews were used as guidelines for this systematic review. Quality assessments were rated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A total of 23 studies were selected, many of which were multiple publications of the same study. Many domains in the risk of bias assessments were scored as “high” or “unclear” risk of bias. A wide variety of implant, test block, and insertion procedure–related associations with maximum insertion torque were recorded. The quality of most outcomes was classified as “moderate.” Outcomes could not be combined in a meta-analysis because of high risk of bias, poor standardization, high heterogeneity, or inconsistency in direction of outcomes within or between studies. Adverse effects were only assessed in one study. Future studies should control publication bias, consult existing standards for conducting torque tests, and focus on transparent reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shandra Bipat
- Departments of Radiology, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Insertion torque and success of orthodontic mini-implants: A systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 142:596-614.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Migliorati M, Benedicenti S, Signori A, Drago S, Barberis F, Tournier H, Silvestrini-Biavati A. Miniscrew design and bone characteristics: an experimental study of primary stability. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 142:228-34. [PMID: 22858333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlations between bone characteristics, orthodontic miniscrew designs, and primary stability. METHODS Four different miniscrews were placed in pig ribs. The miniscrews were first scanned with a scanning electron microscope to obtain measurable images of their threads. Subsequently, the maximum insertion torque of the screws and the maximum load value in the pullout force tests were measured; furthermore, bone specimen characteristics were analyzed by using cone-beam computed tomography. For each bone sample, the insertion site cortical thickness as well as both cortical and marrow bone density were evaluated. The nonparametric Kendall rank correlation (tau) was used to evaluate the strength of the associations among the characteristics measured. The nonparametric Kruskall-Wallis test was used to evaluate the differences among the groups, and post-hoc comparisons were assessed by using the Nemenyi-Damico-Wolfe-Dunn test. RESULTS A significant dependence was found between pitch and maximum insertion torque (tau, -0.49). Positive correlations were also found between pullout force and maximum insertion torque (tau, 0.64), cortical thickness (tau, 0.36), and marrow bone density (tau, 0.35). CONCLUSIONS In this in-vitro experimental study, strong correlations were observed among miniscrew geometry, bone characteristics, and primary stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Migliorati
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Genoa University, Genoa, Italy.
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Yadav S, Upadhyay M, Liu S, Roberts E, Neace WP, Nanda R. Microdamage of the cortical bone during mini-implant insertion with self-drilling and self-tapping techniques: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 141:538-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Anitua E, Orive G. A new approach for atraumatic implant explantation and immediate implant installation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012; 113:e19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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McManus MM, Qian F, Grosland NM, Marshall SD, Southard TE. Effect of miniscrew placement torque on resistance to miniscrew movement under load. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 140:e93-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Placement and removal torque values of orthodontic miniscrew implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139:669-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2008] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ikeda H, Rossouw PE, Campbell PM, Kontogirogos E, Buschang PH. Three-dimensional analysis of peri-bone–implant contact of rough-surface miniscrew implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139:e153-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chatzigianni A, Keilig L, Reimann S, Eliades T, Bourauel C. Effect of mini-implant length and diameter on primary stability under loading with two force levels. Eur J Orthod 2010; 33:381-7. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjq088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Favero L, Giagnorio C, Cocilovo F. Comparative analysis of anchorage systems for micro implant orthodontics. Prog Orthod 2010; 11:105-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pio.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Suzuki EY, Suzuki B, Aramrattana A, Harnsiriwattanakit K, Kowanich N. Assessment of Miniscrew Implant Stability by Resonance Frequency Analysis: A Study in Human Cadavers. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 68:2682-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2008] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Motoyoshi M, Uemura M, Ono A, Okazaki K, Shigeeda T, Shimizu N. Factors affecting the long-term stability of orthodontic mini-implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 137:588.e1-5; discussion 588-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wilmes B, Drescher D. Impact of insertion depth and predrilling diameter on primary stability of orthodontic mini-implants. Angle Orthod 2009; 79:609-14. [PMID: 19537867 DOI: 10.2319/071708-373.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that the impact of the insertion depth and predrilling diameter have no effect on the primary stability of mini-implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve ilium bone segments of pigs were embedded in resin. After implant site preparation with different predrilling diameters (1.0, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 mm), Dual Top Screws 1.6 x 10 mm (Jeil, Korea) were inserted with three different insertion depths (7.5, 8.5, and 9.5 mm). The insertion torque was recorded to assess primary stability. In each bone, five Dual Top Screws were used as a reference to compensate for the differences of local bone quality. RESULTS Both insertion depth and predrilling diameter influenced the measured insertion torques distinctively: the mean insertion torque for the insertion depth of 7.5 mm was 51.62 Nmm (+/-25.22); for insertion depth of 8.5 mm, 65.53 Nmm (+/-29.99); and for the insertion depth of 9.5 mm, 94.38 Nmm (+/-27.61). The mean insertion torque employing the predrill 1.0 mm was 83.50 Nmm (+/-33.56); for predrill 1.1 mm, 77.50 Nmm (+/-27.54); for the predrill 1.2 mm, 61.70 Nmm (+/-28.46); and for the predrill 1.3 mm, 53.10 (+/-32.18). All differences were highly statistically significant (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The hypothesis is rejected. Higher insertion depths result in higher insertion torques and thus primary stability. Larger predrilling diameters result in lower insertion torques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Wilmes
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Duessseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Orthodontic mini-implant stability in different healing times before loading: A microscopic computerized tomographic and biomechanical analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 108:196-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Park JW, Jang JH, Lee CS, Hanawa T. Osteoconductivity of hydrophilic microstructured titanium implants with phosphate ion chemistry. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:2311-21. [PMID: 19332400 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Revised: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the surface characteristics and bone response of titanium implants produced by hydrothermal treatment using H(3)PO(4), and compared them with those of implants produced by commercial surface treatment methods - machining, acid etching, grit blasting, grit blasting/acid etching or spark anodization. The surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, thin-film X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle measurement and stylus profilometry. The osteoconductivity of experimental implants was evaluated by removal torque testing and histomorphometric analysis after 6 weeks of implantation in rabbit tibiae. Hydrothermal treatment with H(3)PO(4) and subsequent heat treatment produced a crystalline phosphate ion-incorporated oxide (titanium oxide phosphate hydrate, Ti(2)O(PO(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2); TiP) surface approximately 5microm in thickness, which had needle-like surface microstructures and superior wettability compared with the control surfaces. Significant increases in removal torque forces and bone-to-implant contact values were observed for TiP implants compared with those of the control implants (p<0.001). After thorough cleaning of the implants removed during the removal torque testing, a considerable quantity of attached bone was observed on the surfaces of the TiP implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Metals, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
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