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Thesnor V, Cheremond Y, Sylvestre M, Meffre P, Cebrián-Torrejón G, Benfodda Z. Survey on the Traditional Use of Medicinal Herbs in Haiti: A Study on Knowledge, Practices, and Efficacy Prevention. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2383. [PMID: 39273867 PMCID: PMC11396795 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The use of medicinal herbs is highly developed in Haiti. However, there is a significant lack of knowledge in the literature on medicinal plants and their uses. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and practices of Haitian families for the prevention/treatment of COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory diseases, as well as the mode of preparation and administration of the plants. Individuals were interviewed using the TRAMIL questionnaire as the information holder. The data obtained were analyzed by calculating 5 indices (relative frequency of citation, use value, the family use value, informant consensus factor, and fidelity level). The study surveyed 120 Haitians and collected 75 plants from 43 botanical families. The botanical family most used for all these preventions and remedies is the Lamiaceae. The highest ranked species with a relative frequency of citation value > 0.3. Infusion, decoction, and in the form of punch are the methods used for the remedies. The study found that the use of herbal remedies is still prevalent in the study area, and many of the commonly used plants have been scientifically validated. However, some plants, such as Samyda rosea Sims, lack sufficient research and are recommended for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valendy Thesnor
- COVACHIM-M2E Laboratory EA 3592, Department of Chemistry, Université des Antilles, UFR SEN, Fouillole Campus, Cedex, 97157 Pointe-a-Pitre, France
- URE, Université d'État d'Haïti, Port-au-Prince HT6110, Haiti
- UPR CHROME, University Nimes, cedex 1, 30021 Nimes, France
| | - Yvens Cheremond
- URE, Université d'État d'Haïti, Port-au-Prince HT6110, Haiti
| | - Muriel Sylvestre
- COVACHIM-M2E Laboratory EA 3592, Department of Chemistry, Université des Antilles, UFR SEN, Fouillole Campus, Cedex, 97157 Pointe-a-Pitre, France
| | - Patrick Meffre
- UPR CHROME, University Nimes, cedex 1, 30021 Nimes, France
| | - Gerardo Cebrián-Torrejón
- COVACHIM-M2E Laboratory EA 3592, Department of Chemistry, Université des Antilles, UFR SEN, Fouillole Campus, Cedex, 97157 Pointe-a-Pitre, France
| | - Zohra Benfodda
- UPR CHROME, University Nimes, cedex 1, 30021 Nimes, France
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Gattan HS, Wakid MH, Qahwaji RM, Altwaim S, Mahjoub HA, Alfaifi MS, Elshazly H, Al-Megrin WAI, Alshehri EA, Elshabrawy HA, El-kady AM. In silico and in vivo evaluation of the anti-cryptosporidial activity of eugenol. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1374116. [PMID: 38515537 PMCID: PMC10954888 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1374116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cryptosporidiosis is an opportunistic parasitic disease widely distributed worldwide. Although Cryptosporidium sp. causes asymptomatic infection in healthy people, it may lead to severe illness in immunocompromised individuals. Limited effective therapeutic alternatives are available against cryptosporidiosis in this category of patients. So, there is an urgent need for therapeutic alternatives for cryptosporidiosis. Recently, the potential uses of Eugenol (EUG) have been considered a promising novel treatment for bacterial and parasitic infections. Consequently, it is suggested to investigate the effect of EUG as an option for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis. Materials and methods The in silico bioinformatics analysis was used to predict and determine the binding affinities and intermolecular interactions of EUG and Nitazoxanide (NTZ) toward several Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) lowa II target proteins. For animal study, five groups of immunosuppressed Swiss albino mice (10 mice each) were used. Group I was left uninfected (control), and four groups were infected with 1,000 oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. The first infected group was left untreated. The remaining three infected groups received NTZ, EUG, and EUG + NTZ, respectively, on the 6th day post-infection (dpi). All mice were sacrificed 30 dpi. The efficacy of the used formulas was assessed by counting the number of C. parvum oocysts excreted in stool of infected mice, histopathological examination of the ileum and liver tissues and determination of the expression of iNOS in the ileum of mice in different animal groups. Results treatment with EUG resulted in a significant reduction in the number of oocysts secreted in stool when compared to infected untreated mice. In addition, oocyst excretion was significantly reduced in mice received a combination therapy of EUG and NTZ when compared with those received NTZ alone. EUG succeeded in reverting the histopathological alterations induced by Cryptosporidium infection either alone or in combination with NTZ. Moreover, mice received EUG showed marked reduction of the expression of iNOS in ileal tissues. Conclusion Based on the results, the present study signified a basis for utilizing EUG as an affordable, safe, and alternative therapy combined with NTZ in the management of cryptosporidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hattan S. Gattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed H. Wakid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rowaid M. Qahwaji
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Altwaim
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifaa A. Mahjoub
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Sciences and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael S. Alfaifi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayam Elshazly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-Scientific Departments, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Wafa Abdullah I. Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hatem A. Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX, United States
| | - Asmaa M. El-kady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Gomes JM, Marques CF, Rodrigues LC, Silva TH, Silva SS, Reis RL. 3D bioactive ionic liquid-based architectures: An anti-inflammatory approach for early-stage osteoarthritis. Acta Biomater 2024; 173:298-313. [PMID: 37979636 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting enables the fabrication of biomimetic cell-laden constructs for cartilage regeneration, offering exclusive strategies for precise pharmacological screenings in osteoarthritis (OA). Synovial inflammation plays a crucial role in OA's early stage and progression, characterized by the increased of the synovial pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines and chondrocyte apoptosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop solutions for effectively managing the primary events associated with OA. To address these issues, a phenolic-based biocompatible ionic liquid approach, combining alginate (ALG), acemannan (ACE), and cholinium caffeate (Ch[Caffeate]), was used to produce easily printable bioinks. Through the use of this strategy 3D constructs with good printing resolution and high structural integrity were obtained. The encapsulation of chondrocytes like ATDC5 cells provided structures with good cell distribution, viability, and growth, for up to 14 days. The co-culture of the constructs with THP-1 macrophages proved their ability to block pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and mediators (GM-CSF), released by the cultured cells. Moreover, incorporating the biocompatible ionic liquid into the system significantly improved its bioactive performance without compromising its physicochemical features. These findings demonstrate that ALG/ACE/Ch[Caffeate] bioinks have great potential for bioengineering cartilage tissue analogs. Besides, the developed ALG/ACE/Ch[Caffeate] bioinks protected encapsulated chondrocyte-like cells from the effect of the inflammation, assessed by a co-culture system with THP-1 macrophages. These results support the increasing use of Bio-ILs in the biomedical field, particularly for developing 3D bioprinting-based constructs to manage inflammatory-based changes in OA. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Combining natural resources with active biocompatible ionic liquids (Bio-IL) for 3D printing is herein presented as an approach for the development of tools to manage inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA). We propose combining alginate (ALG), acemannan (ACE), and cholinium caffeate (Ch[Caffeate]), a phenolic-based Bio-IL with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant features, to produce bioinks that allow to obtain 3D constructs with good printing resolution, structural integrity, and that provide encapsulated chondrocyte-like cells good viability. The establishment of a co-culture system using the printed constructs and THP-1-activated macrophages allowed us to study the encapsulated chondrocyte-like cells behaviour within an inflammatory scenario, a typical event in early-stage OA. The obtained outcomes support the beneficial use of Bio-ILs in the biomedical field, particularly for the development of 3D bioprinting-based models that allow the monitoring of inflammatory-based events in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M Gomes
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Catarina F Marques
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luísa C Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago H Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Simone S Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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Hagras NAE, Makled S, Sheta E, El-hawary MA, Mogahed NMFH. Potent efficiency of the novel nitazoxanide-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers against experimental cyclosporiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011845. [PMID: 38100538 PMCID: PMC10756555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporiasis is a ubiquitous infection caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite known as Cyclospora cayetanensis (C. cayetanensis). The disease is characterized by severe diarrhea which may be regrettably fatal in immunosuppressed patients. The commercially available treatment options have either severe side effects or low efficiency. In the present study, the novel formula of nitazoxanide (NTZ)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) was assessed for the first time for C. cayetanensis treatment in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice in comparison to commercially available drugs (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and NTZ). Swiss Albino mice were orally infected by 104 sporulated oocysts. The experimental groups were treated with the gold standard TMP-SMX, NTZ, blank NLCs and NTZ-loaded NLCs. The results demonstrated that NTZ-loaded NLCs represented the highest significant parasite percent reduction of (>98% reduction) in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice designating successful tissue penetration and avoiding recurrence of infection at the end of the study. Oocysts treated with NTZ-loaded NLCs demonstrated the most mutilated rapturing morphology via scanning electron microscope examination as well as representing the most profound improvement of the histopathological picture. In conclusion, NTZ-loaded NLCs exhibited the uppermost efficacy in the treatment of cyclosporiasis. The safe nature and the anti-parasitic effect of the novel formulation encourage its use as a powerful treatment for human cyclosporiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Abd-elkader Hagras
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Makled
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Farid A, Aiad S, Safwat G. Anti-Cryptosporidium oocysts polyclonal antibodies for cryptosporidiosis diagnosis and protection. AMB Express 2023; 13:125. [PMID: 37943403 PMCID: PMC10635931 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01632-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal infection that is triggered by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium spp. Cryptosporidium oocysts can spread from one host to another either through direct contact with infected hosts' faeces or through indirect means (consumption of contaminated water or food). Significant numbers of oocysts are produced as a result of the rapid growth of the parasite within the infected hosts. For proper care of cryptosporidiosis, a laboratory diagnosis is necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to produce anti-Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) oocyst immunoglobulin (Ig)G polyclonal antibodies (pAbs). The produced pAbs were used in the detection of C. parvum oocysts antigens in stool and serum samples of infected calves. Moreover, pAbs were tested in protection of balb-c male mice from cryptosporidiosis infection. C. parvum oocysts were used in the preparation of antigens to be used in the immunization of New Zealand white rabbits. pAb was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation method, caprylic acid purification method and diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) anion exchange chromatographic method. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (using prepared pAb) scored higher sensitivity (85% and 95% for serum and stool samples) than that (80%) of microscopic examination of stool samples. Moreover, pAb significantly reduced the oocysts shedding, decreased inflammatory cytokines and enhanced the loss in the body weight of protected animals. The prepared pAb succeeded in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis in calves with high sensitivity either in the serum or stool samples. Our results indicated the usefulness of using the prepared pAb in protection against cryptosporidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Farid
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Silvia Aiad
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan Safwat
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
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6
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Yahia SH, El gamal RL, Fathy GM, Al-Ghandour AMF, El-Akabawy N, Abdel-Hameed BH, Elbahaie ES. The potential therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa and Zingiber officinale extracts versus Nitazoxanide drug against experimentally induced cryptosporidiosis in laboratory mice. J Parasit Dis 2023; 47:329-339. [PMID: 37193490 PMCID: PMC10182196 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-023-01572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the potential anti-cryptosporidial effect of Nigella sativa (black seeds) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) alcoholic extracts versus Nitazoxanide (NTZ) medication was investigated in immunosuppressed (IS) laboratory mice. Parasitological, histopathological studies were used to assess their therapeutic efficacy. Serum level and tissue expression percentage of IFN-γ was also used. Nigella extract succeeded to reduce the mean oocyst counts in the feces of immunosuppressed mice followed by NTZ. Ginger-treated ones showed the lowest reduction percentage. Nigella sativa showed the best results in terms of restoring the normal architecture of ileal epithelium in histopathological sections stained with H&E. NTZ treatment sub-groups showed mild improvement, followed by ginger-treated mice, which showed a slight improvement in small intestine microenvironment. A significant substantial rise in serum and intestinal tissue IFN-γ cytokine levels were recorded in Nigella subgroups compared to those of NTZ and ginger respectively. According to our findings Nigella sativa outperformed Nitazoxanide in terms of anti-cryptosporidial effectiveness and regeneration characteristics revealing a promising medication. When compared to the commonly used Nitazoxanide medication or Nigella extracts, the outcomes of ginger extract were suboptimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Hassan Yahia
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Reda Lamei El gamal
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ghada Mahmoud Fathy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Nadia El-Akabawy
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Enas Saed Elbahaie
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Mitra SS, Ghorai M, Nandy S, Mukherjee N, Kumar M, Radha, Ghosh A, Jha NK, Proćków J, Dey A. Barbaloin: an amazing chemical from the 'wonder plant' with multidimensional pharmacological attributes. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1525-1536. [PMID: 36173445 PMCID: PMC9520999 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. is nicknamed the 'Miracle plant' or sometimes as the 'Wonder plant'. It is a plant that has been used since ancient times for the innumerable health benefits associated with it. It is one of the important plants that has its use in conventional medicinal treatments. It is a perennial succulent, drought-tolerant member of the family Asphodelaceae. There are scores of properties associated with the plant that help in curing various forms of human ailments. Extracts and gels obtained from plants have been shown to be wonderful healers of different conditions, mainly various skin problems. Also, this plant is popular in the cosmetics industry. The underlying properties of the plant are now mainly associated with the natural phytochemicals present in the plant. Diverse groups of phytoingredients are found in the plant, including various phenolics, amino acids, sugars, vitamins, and different other organic compounds, too. One of the primary ingredients found in the plant is the aloin molecule. It is an anthraquinone derivative and exists as an isomer of Aloin A and Aloin B. Barbaloin belonging to the first group is a glucoside of the aloe-emodin anthrone molecule. Various types of pharmacological properties exhibited by the plant can be attributed to this chemical. Few significant ones are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-viral, along with their different immunity-boosting actions. Recently, molecular coupling studies have also found the role of these molecules as a potential cure against the ongoing COVID-19 disease. This study comprehensively focuses on the numerous pharmacological actions of the primary compound barbaloin obtained from the Aloe vera plant along with the mechanism of action and the potent application of these natural molecules under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Sikdar Mitra
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Nobendu Mukherjee
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research On Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, 781014, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Maher A, Atallah D, Hassan M, Hammad M, Galal M, Mohamed SE, Abdelkafy Y, Farid A. Role of anti-Giardia recombinant cyst wall protein IgG polyclonal antibodies in diagnosis and protection. AMB Express 2022; 12:147. [PMID: 36434306 PMCID: PMC9700546 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01484-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) is an infectious protozoan that has a global distribution especially in the hot climate. Around 200 million people are infected worldwide annually by Giardia, but infection is not always accompanied by symptoms, especially in endemic countries. Using traditional microscopy techniques in diagnosis, both in stool and water samples were less sensitive when compared to immunological methods; and the need for new diagnostic methods was necessary. Also, protection from infection is required in endemic areas. Therefore, the study aimed to produce anti- G. duodenalis IgG polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) by immunizing rabbit by G. duodenalis cyst recombinant protein. The produced antibodies were evaluated in the detection of G. duodenalis antigens in patients' stool and water samples from endemic areas across River Nile; where pAbs were used as a coating and a peroxidase conjugate antibody in sandwich ELISA. Moreover, pAbs were tested for the protection of mice from giardiasis. Sandwich ELISA using pAb has succeeded in the detection of G. duodenalis coproantigens in stool samples by a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 92.72%. Moreover, G. duodenalis cyst was detected in only seven water samples by ordinary microscopy; while sandwich ELISA revealed nineteen positive results. IgG pAb (1/200 µg/ml) protected mice from giardiasis; which was evident from the reduction in cysts and trophozoites numbers. We recommended the use of sandwich ELISA to monitor water quality, investigate environmental contamination and diagnosis in patients' stools. The pAbs can be prepared in large amount and used in field diagnosis and protection. This will help in the early diagnosis of G. duodenalis in water, which in turn can control outbreaks in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Maher
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Donia Atallah
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hassan
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariam Hammad
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohaned Galal
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saif-Eldin Mohamed
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yara Abdelkafy
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Farid
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
- Immunology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Aloe vera gel as a stimulant for mesenchymal stem cells differentiation and a natural therapy for radiation induced liver damage. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Farid A, Yousry M, Safwat G. Garlic (Allium sativum Linnaeus) improved inflammation and reduced cryptosporidiosis burden in immunocompromised mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115174. [PMID: 35259443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE For thousands of years, garlic (Allium sativum Linnaeus) has been consumed in food and health by numerous civilizations. Cryptosporidium (C.) parvum is an apicomplexan parasite that causes a gastrointestinal disease, with the most common symptoms being watery diarrhea. Although several substances have been tried for its anti-cryptosporidial action, there is no effective treatment for Cryptosporidium disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The present study aimed firstly to characterize the bio-active compounds in Allium sativum L. and secondly to evaluate its efficacy as a therapy for cryptosporidiosis especially in immunocompromised mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was accomplished by evaluating the parasitological and histopathological parameters in the experimentally infected immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice. Also, the cytokine profile during the experimental time was recorded through the measuring of T helper (h)1, Th2 and Th17 cells cytokines. Immunosuppressed mice were given 0.25 μg/g per day of dexamethasone orally, before infection with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, for fourteen consecutive days. Starting 10 days post infection (PI), nitazoxanide (100 mg/kg per day) or Allium sativum (50 mg/kg per day) was given orally for fourteen consecutive days. RESULTS Our results showed that oocyst shedding, on the 32nd day PI, in immunocompromised infected group treated with Allium sativum (354.11, 99.35% PR) showed a significant decrease when compared to its corresponding group treated with nitazoxanide (4369.14, 92.05% PR). On the 32nd day PI, all cytokines levels have been decreased to levels that were similar to those of their uninfected corresponding control groups; also, the histopathological changes and the loss in animals' body weight had been improved. Treatment with nitazoxanide did not result in infection clearance or a reduction in the increased cytokines' levels. CONCLUSION Allium sativum L. displayed high efficacy as a potential therapeutic agent against Cryptosporidium, which supports its traditional usage in parasite diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Farid
- Zoology Dep, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mona Yousry
- Zoology Dep, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan Safwat
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
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Dual role of melatonin as an anti-colitis and anti-extra intestinal alterations against acetic acid-induced colitis model in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6344. [PMID: 35428860 PMCID: PMC9012815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The available ulcerative colitis drugs exhibit limited outcomes and adverse side effects. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis to establish a possible treatment for colitis and its impacts on vital organs. Following colitis induction (2 ml 5% AA, rectally), rats were orally received melatonin (5 mg/kg) once per day for 6 days after colitis induction. Then, histopathological examination of colon, kidney, liver, and spleen was conducted, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were assessed in colon tissue. Colitis induction in untreated rats caused necrotic effects in colon tissues, a significant increase in colonic IL-1β, TNF-α, MPO, and MDA levels, and a remarkable decrease in GSH and TAC levels in colon tissue in comparison to the control group. Meanwhile, melatonin treatment reversed these parameters by improving the microscopic and macroscopic colitis features and extra-intestinal (kidney, liver, and spleen) changes in all treated rats compared to the colitis control group. These results denote a reduction in colitis severity due to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of melatonin and its positive impact on the vital organs.
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Shater H, Fawzy M, Farid A, El-Amir A, Fouad S, Madbouly N. The potential use of serum interleukin-21 as biomarker for lupus nephritis activity compared to cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family. Lupus 2022; 31:55-64. [PMID: 34978958 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211063794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lupus nephritis (LN) is a significant consequence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that focuses on evaluation of serum interleukin (IL-) 21 as a diagnostic biomarker of LN activity, compared to B lymphocyte stimulator (BlyS), tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13 (TNF-SF13), and traditional techniques of active LN attempting to compare their diagnostic usefulness. METHODS Serum levels of IL-21, BlyS, and TNF-SF13 during LN were investigated. Twenty-five biopsy-proven, active LN female patients and 15 SLE patients without active LN and 20 healthy controls (HCs) joined this work. RESULTS Serum IL-21 level was significantly higher in active LN group than in inactive LN group. Correlation analysis showed that serum IL-21 levels were significantly correlated with total SLEDAI (r = 0.41, p = 0.03), renal-SLEDAI (r = 0.48, p = 0.04), renal activity index (AI) (r = 0.93; p < 0.001), and 24-h proteinuria (r = 0.51; p > 0.008). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) revealed the ability of serum IL-21 to discriminate between active and inactive LN with 70% sensitivity at >240 pg/ml cutoff point (AUC 0.809). CONCLUSION For Egyptian SLE patients, serum levels of IL-21 were superior to TNF-SF13 and BlyS and correlated significantly with the activity indexes of LN, indicating a promising role as a potential biomarker of active LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Shater
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mary Fawzy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine), 98876Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Farid
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza El-Amir
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa Fouad
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Neveen Madbouly
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Characterization and Topical Study of Aloe Vera Hydrogel on Wound-Healing Process. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223958. [PMID: 34833257 PMCID: PMC8623201 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is fundamental to restore the tissue integrity. A topical study of the influence of Aloe vera hydrogel, formulated with 1,2-propanediol (propanediol) and triethanolamine (TEA), on the skin wound-healing process was investigated in female Wistar rats. FTIR spectroscopy confirms the presence of carboxylic acid and methyl ester carboxylate groups related with important compounds that confer the hydrogel a good interaction with proteins and growth factors. SEM images show a microstructure and micro-roughness that promote a good adhesion to the wound. Therefore, the swelling kinetics and the contact angle response contribute to the understanding of the in vivo results of the animal test. The results indicated that the Aloe vera hydrogel, prepared with propanediol and TEA, together with its superficial characteristics, improve its rapid penetration without drying out the treated tissue. This produced a positive influence on inflammation, angiogenesis, and wound contraction, reducing 29% the total healing time, reaching the total closure of the wound in 15 days.
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