1
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Pluntze AM, Cape JL, Klaus ND, Lyon DK. Control of API release with matrix polymorphism in tristearin microspheres. Int J Pharm 2023; 636:122806. [PMID: 36894045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Glycerides are widely employed as solid matrices in a range of pharmaceutical intermediates and dosage forms. Diffusion-based mechanisms are responsible for drug release, with both chemical and crystal polymorph differences in the solid lipid matrix cited as controlling factors in drug release rates. This work uses model formulations composed of crystalline caffeine embedded in tristearin to study the impacts to drug release from the two primary polymorphic states of tristearin and dependencies on the conversion routes between them. Using contact angles and NMR diffusometry, this work finds that drug release from the meta-stable α-polymorph is rate limited by a diffusive mechanism relating to its porosity and tortuosity, but initial burst release occurs due to ease of initial wetting. Poor wettability resulting from surface blooming can be rate limiting for the β-polymorph, resulting in slower initial drug release relative to the α-polymorph. The route to achieve the β-polymorph strongly impacts the bulk release profile due to differences in crystallite size and packing efficiency. API loading enhances the effective porosity, leading to enhanced drug release at high loadings. These findings offer generalizable principles to guide formulators on the types of impacts to drug release rates that one may expect due to triglyceride polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Pluntze
- Global Research and Development, Small Molecules, Lonza, 64550 Research Road, Bend, OR 97703, United States.
| | - Jonathan L Cape
- Multiparticulate Product Development, Small Molecules, Lonza, 63045 NE Corporate Place, Bend, OR 97701, United States
| | - Nathaniel D Klaus
- Multiparticulate Product Development, Small Molecules, Lonza, 63045 NE Corporate Place, Bend, OR 97701, United States
| | - David K Lyon
- Global Research and Development, Small Molecules, Lonza, 64550 Research Road, Bend, OR 97703, United States
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2
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Abdelhamid M, Koutsamanis I, Corzo C, Maisriemler M, Ocampo AB, Slama E, Alva C, Lochmann D, Reyer S, Freichel T, Salar-Behzadi S, Spoerk M. Filament-based 3D-printing of placebo dosage forms using brittle lipid-based excipients. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:122013. [PMID: 35839981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to expand the limited portfolio of available polymer-based excipients for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) printed pharmaceutical products, Lipid-based excipients (LBEs) have yet to be thoroughly investigated. The technical obstacle of LBEs application is, however their crystalline nature that renders them very brittle and challenging for processing via 3D-printing. In this work, we evaluated the functionality of LBEs for filament-based 3D-printing of oral dosage forms. Polyglycerol partial ester of palmitic acid and polyethylene glycols monostearate were selected as LBEs, based on their chemical structure, possessing polar groups for providing hydrogen-bonding sites. A fundamental understanding of structure-function relationship was built to screen the critical material attributes relevant for both extrusion and 3D-printing processes. The thermal behavior of lipids, including the degree of their supercooling, was the critical attribute for their processing. The extrudability of materials was improved through different feeding approaches, including the common powder feeding and a devised liquid feeding setup. Liquid feeding was found to be more efficient, allowing the production of filaments with high flexibility and improved printability. Filaments with superior performance were produced using polyglycerol ester of palmitic acid. In-house designed modifications of the utilized 3D-printer were essential for a flawless processing of the filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moaaz Abdelhamid
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Carolina Corzo
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Eyke Slama
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Alva
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Sharareh Salar-Behzadi
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
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3
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Júlio A, Sultane A, Viana AS, Mota JP, Santos de Almeida T. Biobased Ionic Liquids as Multitalented Materials in Lipidic Drug Implants. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081163. [PMID: 34452124 PMCID: PMC8401770 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipidic implants are valuable controlled delivery systems that present good biocompatibility and are useful for long-lasting therapies. However, these promising systems can present inflexible drug release profiles that limit their performance. Thus, finding new materials to overcome this drawback is crucial. Herein, lipidic implants containing caffeine and poorly soluble salicylic acid and rutin were developed. The inclusion of Gelucire® 50/02, sucrose, and two biobased ionic liquids, [Cho][Phe] and [Cho][Glu], were evaluated as a mean to improve the performance of the systems. The formulation procedure, dye content distribution, drug content, drug release, water content, and lipidic erosion of the developed systems were assessed. AFM analysis of the implants containing ILs was also performed. The results demonstrated that neither Gelucire® 50/02 nor sucrose were suitable tools to improve the drug release profile. In contrast, the ILs proved to be promising materials for multiple reasons; not only did they facilitate the formulation and incorporation of the studied drugs into the implants, but they also allowed a more suitable release profile, with [Cho][Glu] allowing a higher drug release due to its ability to increase surface wrinkling. Hence, this study showcases ILs as multitalented materials in lipid-based drug implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Júlio
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.J.); (A.S.); (J.P.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anaisa Sultane
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.J.); (A.S.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Ana Silveira Viana
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Joana Portugal Mota
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.J.); (A.S.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Tânia Santos de Almeida
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.J.); (A.S.); (J.P.M.)
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-217-515-500
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4
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Mietzner R, Kade C, Froemel F, Pauly D, Stamer WD, Ohlmann A, Wegener J, Fuchshofer R, Breunig M. Fasudil Loaded PLGA Microspheres as Potential Intravitreal Depot Formulation for Glaucoma Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080706. [PMID: 32727014 PMCID: PMC7464914 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitors allow for causative glaucoma therapy. Unfortunately, topically applied ROCK inhibitors suffer from high incidence of hyperemia and low intraocular bioavailability. Therefore, we propose the use of poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres as a depot formulation for intravitreal injection to supply outflow tissues with the ROCK inhibitor fasudil over a prolonged time. Fasudil-loaded microspheres were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The chemical integrity of released fasudil was confirmed by mass spectrometry. The biological activity was measured in cell-based assays using trabecular meshwork cells (TM cells), Schlemm’s canal cells (SC cells), fibroblasts and adult retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19). Cellular response to fasudil after its diffusion through vitreous humor was investigated by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing. Microspheres ranged in size from 3 to 67 µm. The release of fasudil from microspheres was controllable and sustained for up to 45 days. Released fasudil reduced actin stress fibers in TM cells, SC cells and fibroblasts. Decreased collagen gel contraction provoked by fasudil was detected in TM cells (~2.4-fold), SC cells (~1.4-fold) and fibroblasts (~1.3-fold). In addition, fasudil readily diffused through vitreous humor reaching its target compartment and eliciting effects on TM cells. No negative effects on ARPE-19 cells were observed. Since fasudil readily diffuses through the vitreous humor, we suggest that an intravitreal drug depot of ROCK inhibitors could significantly improve current glaucoma therapy particularly for patients with comorbid retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Mietzner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Christian Kade
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (C.K.); (J.W.)
| | - Franziska Froemel
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (F.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Diana Pauly
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - W. Daniel Stamer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Andreas Ohlmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Mathildenstrasse 8, 80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Joachim Wegener
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (C.K.); (J.W.)
- Fraunhofer Research Institution for Microsystems and Solid State Technologies EMFT, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Fuchshofer
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (F.F.); (R.F.)
| | - Miriam Breunig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-941-943-4828
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5
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Rahnfeld L, Luciani P. Injectable Lipid-Based Depot Formulations: Where Do We Stand? Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E567. [PMID: 32575406 PMCID: PMC7356974 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The remarkable number of new molecular entities approved per year as parenteral drugs, such as biologics and complex active pharmaceutical ingredients, calls for innovative and tunable drug delivery systems. Besides making these classes of drugs available in the body, injectable depot formulations offer the unique advantage in the parenteral world of reducing the number of required injections, thus increasing effectiveness as well as patient compliance. To date, a plethora of excipients has been proposed to formulate depot systems, and among those, lipids stand out due to their unique biocompatibility properties and safety profile. Looking at the several long-acting drug delivery systems based on lipids designed so far, a legitimate question may arise: How far away are we from an ideal depot formulation? Here, we review sustained release lipid-based platforms developed in the last 5 years, namely oil-based solutions, liposomal systems, in situ forming systems, solid particles, and implants, and we critically discuss the requirements for an ideal depot formulation with respect to the used excipients, biocompatibility, and the challenges presented by the manufacturing process. Finally, we delve into lights and shadows originating from the current setups of in vitro release assays developed with the aim of assessing the translational potential of depot injectables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Rahnfeld
- Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paola Luciani
- Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Mohtashami Z, Esmaili Z, Vakilinezhad MA, Seyedjafari E, Akbari Javar H. Pharmaceutical implants: classification, limitations and therapeutic applications. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 25:116-132. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1682607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mohtashami
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Esmaili
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamid Akbari Javar
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Kallakunta VR, Tiwari R, Sarabu S, Bandari S, Repka MA. Effect of formulation and process variables on lipid based sustained release tablets via continuous twin screw granulation: A comparative study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 121:126-138. [PMID: 29772273 PMCID: PMC6235737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current study's aim is to prepare lipid based sustained release tablets via a twin-screw granulation technique and compare those dosage forms with conventional techniques, namely wet granulation and direct compression. The granules were successfully manufactured in a single-step, continuous twin-screw granulation process with a low proportion of binder (Klucel™ EF, HPC SSL) using Compritol® 888 ATO, Precirol® ATO 5 and Geleol™ as sustained release agents. The granules prepared showed good flow characteristics and compaction properties. DSC and XRD studies were conducted to characterize the granules prepared via a twin-screw granulation method and the results demonstrated the crystalline nature of lipids within the granules. FTIR data indicated that there were no interactions with the formulation components investigated. The formulations developed by all three methods were compressed into tablets with a mechanical strength of 14-16 KP. The tablets formulated were characterized for physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release studies, water uptake and erosion studies. These results showed that the drug was not completely released after 24 h for tablets developed by the wet granulation process using all three lipids. The tablets prepared by the direct compression method demonstrated a burst release within 8 to 10 h from Precirol ATO 5® and Geleol™ formulations compared to Compritol® 888 ATO. However, tablets prepared using twin-screw granulation exhibited sustained release of the drug over 24 h and the water uptake and erosion results were in accordance with dissolution data. Stability data for 45 days at accelerated conditions (40 °C/75% RH) showed similar release profiles with ƒ2 values above 50 for all of the twin screw granulation formulations, indicating the suitability of the process for formulating sustained release tablets. These findings of a single-step, continuous twin-screw granulation process are novel and demonstrate new opportunities for development of sustained release tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Raman Kallakunta
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Roshan Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Sandeep Sarabu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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8
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Vollrath M, Engert J, Winter G. New insights into process understanding of solid lipid extrusion (SLE) of extruded lipid implants for sustained protein delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 130:11-21. [PMID: 29913270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is a better understanding of solid lipid extrusion (SLE) for protein depot production using a lab-scale twin-screw (tsc)-extruder. In this context, little is known about the relationship of process parameters such as extrusion temperature, screw speed, or formulation on implant characteristics. It is difficult to attribute release characteristics to only one parameter, since the release will always be influenced by a combination of parameters. In this study, we describe the use of an online pressure measurement tool which allows to characterize pressure profiles during an extrusion run. We systematically investigated the impact of various process parameters on implant properties as well as release patterns using a monoclonal antibody (mAb). Solid lipid implants (SLIs) were produced by tsc-extrusion using the low melting triglyceride H12 and the high melting triglyceride Dynasan® D118. A mAb available in a freeze-dried matrix containing hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrine (HP-β-CD) was used as incorporated active pharmaceutical ingredient. Extrusion temperature (33-37 °C), screw speed (40-80 rpm) and the lipid composition (30-70% of each triglyceride) were modified. Additionally, freshly extruded SLIs were ground and extruded again as a preparation technique to optimize properties of SLIs. Using the pressure monitoring tool, four characteristic phases were defined for an extrusion run. We found that both, sufficient pressure and adequately molten material, is needed to form a suitable implant. Using the double extrusion technique, release rates could substantially be slowed down without changing formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Vollrath
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Engert
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Winter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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9
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Gao L, Xie C, Du Y, Wang X, Xuan E, Liu X, Zhao Y, Xu J, Luo L. Characterization and antitumor efficacy of poly(L-lactid acid)-based etoposide-loaded implants. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:765-774. [PMID: 28475414 PMCID: PMC8241189 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1321063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Etoposide is widely used in the chemotherapy of a variety of malignancies. But the strong lipophilicity, poor bioavailability, and severe side effects of etoposide limit its clinical application. The aim of this study was to develop sustained-release etoposide-loaded implants and evaluate antitumor activity of the implants after intratumoral implantation. We prepared the implants containing etoposide, poly(L-lactid acid) and polyethylene glycol 4000 by the direct compression method. The implants were characterized regarding drug-excipient compatibility, content uniformity, morphology, sterility, in vitro, and in vivo release profiles. Then the antitumor activity of the implants was tested in xenograft model of A549 human non-small cell lung cancer. SEM images displayed smooth surface of the implant and indicated that etoposide was homogeneously dispersed in the polymeric matrix. The results of content uniformity met the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Both in vitro and in vivo release profiles of the implants were characterized by high burst release followed by sustained release of etoposide. Intratumoral implantation of etoposide-loaded implants could efficiently delay the tumor growth. Furthermore, increasing the dose of implants led to higher tumor suppression rate without adding systemic toxicity. These results indicated that etoposide-loaded implants have significant antitumor efficacy in xenograft model without dose-limiting side effects and they possess a strong potential to be used as an intratumoral chemotherapy option for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- a State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqi Xie
- c Laboratory of pharmaceutical research , Anhui Zhongren Science and Technology Co., Ltd , Hefei , People's Republic of China , and
| | - Yuzhi Du
- b School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- c Laboratory of pharmaceutical research , Anhui Zhongren Science and Technology Co., Ltd , Hefei , People's Republic of China , and
| | - Erkang Xuan
- c Laboratory of pharmaceutical research , Anhui Zhongren Science and Technology Co., Ltd , Hefei , People's Republic of China , and
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- b School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- d Department of Pathology , The Second People's Hospital of Hefei , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjian Xu
- b School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Luo
- a State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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10
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PLGA-based monolithic filaments prepared by hot-melt extrusion: In-vitro comparative study. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2017; 76:97-106. [PMID: 29145995 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To avoid frequent drug administration, PLGA-based monolithic filament-shaped implants were prepared. In this study, the effect of different formulation variables was studied, namely: type of PLGA (PLGA 502 and PLGA 503), type of drug (the lipophilic Prednisolone acetate, PA and the hydrophilic Propranolol Hydrochloride, PH) and drug loading (10 and 30% w/w). PLGA 503-based implants showed a lower water uptake, lower mass loss and erosion, slower drug release, and better mechanical properties and elasticity (P<0.05) compared to the corresponding PLGA 502-based implants. PH-loaded implants showed a faster swelling and degradation as well as drug release (P<0.05) compared to PA-loaded implants; the former attained almost complete drug release after about 18 days, while the latter attained it after about 30 days. All the implants followed a zero-order kinetic pattern suitable for a controlled drug release. Characterization was done using SEM and DSC. This study proved the potential tailoring of the properties of PLGA-implants, prepared by hot-melt extrusion (HME), based on some formulation variables.
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11
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McGinity M, Floyd JR, McGinity J, Zhang F. Implant compositions for the unidirectional delivery of drugs to the brain. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1421-1429. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1318904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael McGinity
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John R. Floyd
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - James McGinity
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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12
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Wang LH, Shang L, Shan DY, Che X. Long-term floating control-released intravesical preparation of 5-fluorouracil for the local treatment of bladder cancer. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1343-1350. [PMID: 28402146 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1318898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Hong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Lei Shang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Dong Yuan Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xin Che
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
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13
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Kuentz M, Holm R, Elder DP. Methodology of oral formulation selection in the pharmaceutical industry. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 87:136-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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14
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Alshehri SM, Tiwari RV, Alsulays BB, Ashour EA, Alshetaili AS, Almutairy B, Park JB, Morott J, Sandhu B, Majumdar S, Repka MA. Investigation of the combined effect of MgO and PEG on the release profile of mefenamic acid prepared via hot-melt extrusion techniques. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:740-753. [PMID: 26821841 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2016.1138129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of magnesium oxide (MgO) as an alkalizer and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a plasticizer and wetting agent in the presence of Kollidon® 12 PF and 17 PF polymer carriers on the release profile of mefenamic acid (MA), which was prepared via hot-melt extrusion technique. Various drug loads of MA and various ratios of the polymers, PEG 3350 and MgO were blended using a V-shell blender and extruded using a twin-screw extruder (16-mm Prism EuroLab, ThermoFisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA) at different screw speeds and temperatures to prepare a solid dispersion system. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction data of the extruded material confirmed that the drug existed in the amorphous form, as evidenced by the absence of corresponding peaks. MgO and PEG altered the micro-environmental pH to be more alkaline (pH 9) and increased the hydrophilicity and dispersibility of the extrudates to enhance MA solubility and release, respectively. The in vitro release study demonstrated an immediate release for 2 h with more than 80% drug release within 45 min in matrices containing MgO and PEG in combination with polyvinylpyrrolidone when compared to the binary mixture, physical mixture and pure drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan M Alshehri
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Roshan V Tiwari
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Bader B Alsulays
- b Department of Pharmaceutics , College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , Alkharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A Ashour
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Abdullah S Alshetaili
- b Department of Pharmaceutics , College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , Alkharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Bjad Almutairy
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Jun-Bom Park
- c College of Pharmacy, Sahm Yook University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Joseph Morott
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Bhupinder Sandhu
- d Department of Chemistry , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA , and
| | - Soumyajit Majumdar
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA.,e Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University , MS , USA
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15
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In vitro release studies of insulin from lipid implants in solution and in a hydrogel matrix mimicking the subcutis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 81:103-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Fatty acids for controlled release applications: A comparison between prilling and solid lipid extrusion as manufacturing techniques. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 97:173-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Hrynyk M, Ellis JP, Haxho F, Allison S, Steele JA, Abdulkhalek S, Neufeld RJ, Szewczuk MR. Therapeutic designed poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) cylindrical oseltamivir phosphate-loaded implants impede tumor neovascularization, growth and metastasis in mouse model of human pancreatic carcinoma. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:4573-86. [PMID: 26309402 PMCID: PMC4539083 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s90170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) copolymers have been extensively used in cancer research. PLGA can be chemically engineered for conjugation or encapsulation of drugs in a particle formulation. We reported that oseltamivir phosphate (OP) treatment of human pancreatic tumor-bearing mice disrupted the tumor vasculature with daily injections. Here, the controlled release of OP from a biodegradable PLGA cylinder (PLGA-OP) implanted at tumor site was investigated for its role in limiting tumor neovascularization, growth, and metastasis. PLGA-OP cylinders over 30 days in vitro indicated 20%–25% release profiles within 48 hours followed by a continuous metronomic low dose release of 30%–50% OP for an additional 16 days. All OP was released by day 30. Surgically implanted PLGA-OP containing 20 mg OP and blank PLGA cylinders at the tumor site of heterotopic xenografts of human pancreatic PANC1 tumors in RAGxCγ double mutant mice impeded tumor neovascularization, growth rate, and spread to the liver and lungs compared with the untreated cohort. Xenograft tumors from PLGA and PLGA-OP-treated cohorts expressed significant higher levels of human E-cadherin with concomitant reduced N-cadherin and host CD31+ endothelial cells compared with the untreated cohort. These results clearly indicate that OP delivered from PLGA cylinders surgically implanted at the site of the solid tumor show promise as an effective treatment therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hrynyk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jordon P Ellis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Fiona Haxho
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Allison
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph Am Steele
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Samar Abdulkhalek
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ronald J Neufeld
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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18
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Alcohol dose dumping: The influence of ethanol on hot-melt extruded pellets comprising solid lipids. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 92:83-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Saadat E, Abdollahi A, Dorkoosh FA. Fabrication and Characterization of Risperidone Implants as an Extended Antipsychotic Delivery System, Exploring the Role of Excipients. J Pharm Innov 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-015-9212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Rosiaux Y, Jannin V, Hughes S, Marchaud D. Solid lipid excipients — Matrix agents for sustained drug delivery. J Control Release 2014; 188:18-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Velghe C, Rosiaux Y, Marchaud D, Siepmann J, Siepmann F. In silico simulation of niacin release from lipid tablets: Theoretical predictions and independent experiments. J Control Release 2014; 175:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Haupt M, Thommes M, Heidenreich A, Breitkreutz J. Lipid-based intravesical drug delivery systems with controlled release of trospium chloride for the urinary bladder. J Control Release 2013; 170:161-6. [PMID: 23732944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The overactive bladder (OAB) is a common disease with an overactivity of the detrusor muscle in the bladder wall. Besides peroral administration of anticholinergic drugs and bladder irrigations, there is a need for a sustained release formulation in the urinary bladder. In order to realise a local long-term treatment of the overactive urinary bladder, lipidic drug delivery systems were prepared. Requirements for an intravesical application are a long-term controlled release of trospium chloride, a high drug loading and small sized drug carriers to permit an insertion through the urethra into the urinary bladder. The drug delivery systems were manufactured by using compression (mini-tablets), solid lipid extrusion (extrudates) and a melting and casting technique (mini-moulds) with different amounts of trospium chloride and glyceryl tristearate as matrix former. Drug release depended on the drug loading and the preparation method. Mini-tablets and lipidic extrudates showed a drug release over five days, whereas that from mini-moulds was negligibly small. The appearance of polymorphic transformations during processing and storage was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. In contrast to mini-tablets and mini-moulds, lipidic extrudates showed no polymorphic transformations. In summary, lipids are suitable matrix formers for a highly water-soluble drug, like trospium chloride. Despite a drug loading of up to 30%, it was feasible to achieve a drug release ranging from several days up to weeks. In addition, small dosage forms with a size of only a few millimetres were realised. Therefore, an insertion and excretion through the urethra is possible and the requirements for an intravesical application are fulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haupt
- Department of Urology, RWTH University Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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23
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Simon L, Ospina J. TWO-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTION AND ANALYSIS OF A CYLINDRICAL MATRIX DEVICE WITH A CIRCULAR RELEASE AREA. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2012.695302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Sax G, Winter G. Mechanistic studies on the release of lysozyme from twin-screw extruded lipid implants. J Control Release 2012; 163:187-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Impact of the experimental conditions on drug release from parenteral depot systems: From negligible to significant. Int J Pharm 2012; 432:11-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Kreye F, Hamm G, Karrout Y, Legouffe R, Bonnel D, Siepmann F, Siepmann J. MALDI-TOF MS imaging of controlled release implants. J Control Release 2012; 161:98-108. [PMID: 22551600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) imaging is used to characterize novel lipid implants allowing for controlled drug delivery. Importantly, this innovative technique provides crucial information on the inner structure of the implants before and after exposure to the release medium and does not require the addition of marker substances. Implants were prepared by extrusion at room temperature. Thus, in contrast to hot-melt extruded systems, the risks of drug inactivation and solid state transformations of the lipid matrix former are reduced. Hydrogenated/hardened soybean oil and glyceryl tristearate were studied as lipids and propranolol hydrochloride and theophylline as drugs, exhibiting significantly different solubility in water. The implants were also characterized by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, water uptake and lipid erosion studies, mathematical modeling as well as in vitro drug release measurements. Importantly, broad spectra of drug release patterns with release periods ranging from a few days up to several months could easily be provided when varying the initial drug content and type of lipid, irrespective of the type of drug. The diameter of the implants can be as small as 1mm, facilitating injection. MALDI-TOF MS imaging revealed homogeneous macroscopic drug distributions within the systems, but steep drug concentration gradients in radial and axial direction at the lower micrometer level, indicating drug- and lipid-rich domains. As the implants do not significantly swell, local irritation upon administration due to mechanical stress can be expected to be limited. Good agreement between experimentally measured and theoretically calculated drug release kinetics revealed that diffusional mass transport plays a major role for the control of drug release from this type of advanced drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kreye
- College of Pharmacy, University of Lille, 3 Rue du Prof. Laguesse, 59006 Lille, France
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27
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Güres S, Siepmann F, Siepmann J, Kleinebudde P. Drug release from extruded solid lipid matrices: Theoretical predictions and independent experiments. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 80:122-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Siepmann J, Siepmann F. Modeling of diffusion controlled drug delivery. J Control Release 2011; 161:351-62. [PMID: 22019555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mathematical modeling of drug release can be very helpful to speed up product development and to better understand the mechanisms controlling drug release from advanced delivery systems. Ideally, in silico simulations can quantitatively predict the impact of formulation and processing parameters on the resulting drug release kinetics. The aim of this article is to give an overview on the current state of the art of modeling drug release from delivery systems, which are predominantly controlled by diffusional mass transport. The inner structure of the device, the ratio "initial drug concentration:drug solubility" as well as the device geometry determine which type of mathematical equation must be applied. A straightforward "road map" is given, explaining how to identify the appropriate equation for a particular type of drug delivery system. The respective equations for a broad range of devices are indicated, including reservoir and matrix systems, exhibiting or not an initial excess of drug and the geometry of slabs, spheres and cylinders. The assumptions the models are based on as well as their limitations are pointed out. Practical examples illustrate the usefulness of mathematical modeling of diffusion controlled drug delivery. Due to the advances in information technology the importance of in silico optimization of advanced drug delivery systems can be expected to significantly increase in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Siepmann
- University of Lille, College of Pharmacy, 3 Rue du Prof. Laguesse, 59006 Lille, France.
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29
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Mathematical modeling of drug release from lipid dosage forms. Int J Pharm 2011; 418:42-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Drug release mechanisms of cast lipid implants. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 78:394-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Kreye F, Siepmann F, Zimmer A, Willart J, Descamps M, Siepmann J. Cast Lipid Implants for Controlled Drug Delivery: Importance of the Tempering Conditions. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:3471-3481. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2010] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Kreye F, Siepmann F, Zimmer A, Willart J, Descamps M, Siepmann J. Controlled release implants based on cast lipid blends. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 43:78-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2010] [Revised: 03/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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