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Patra P, Upadhyay TK, Alshammari N, Saeed M, Kesari KK. Alginate-Chitosan Biodegradable and Biocompatible Based Hydrogel for Breast Cancer Immunotherapy and Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38787337 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females. There are many side effects due to chemotherapy and traditional surgery, like fatigue, loss of appetite, skin irritation, and drug resistance to cancer cells. Immunotherapy has become a hopeful approach toward cancer treatment, generating long-lasting immune responses in malignant tumor patients. Recently, hydrogel has received more attention toward cancer therapy due to its specific characteristics, such as decreased toxicity, fewer side effects, and better biocompatibility drug delivery to the particular tumor location. Researchers globally reported various investigations on hydrogel research for tumor diagnosis. The hydrogel-based multilayer platform with controlled nanostructure has received more attention for its antitumor effect. Chitosan and alginate play a leading role in the formation of the cross-link in a hydrogel. Also, they help in the stability of the hydrogel. This review discusses the properties, preparation, biocompatibility, and bioavailability of various research and clinical approaches of the multipolymer hydrogel made of alginate and chitosan for breast cancer treatment. With a focus on cases of breast cancer and the recovery rate, there is a need to find out the role of hydrogel in drug delivery for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratikshya Patra
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Animal Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Animal Cell Culture and Immunobiochemistry Lab, Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 53962, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 53962, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo FI-00076, Finland
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140417, Punjab, India
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Perkušić M, Nižić Nodilo L, Ugrina I, Špoljarić D, Jakobušić Brala C, Pepić I, Lovrić J, Safundžić Kučuk M, Trenkel M, Scherließ R, Zadravec D, Kalogjera L, Hafner A. Chitosan-Based Thermogelling System for Nose-to-Brain Donepezil Delivery: Optimising Formulation Properties and Nasal Deposition Profile. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1660. [PMID: 37376108 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Donepezil nasal delivery strategies are being continuously investigated for advancing therapy in Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to develop a chitosan-based, donepezil-loaded thermogelling formulation tailored to meet all the requirements for efficient nose-to-brain delivery. A statistical design of the experiments was implemented for the optimisation of the formulation and/or administration parameters, with regard to formulation viscosity, gelling and spray properties, as well as its targeted nasal deposition within the 3D-printed nasal cavity model. The optimised formulation was further characterised in terms of stability, in vitro release, in vitro biocompatibility and permeability (using Calu-3 cells), ex vivo mucoadhesion (using porcine nasal mucosa), and in vivo irritability (using slug mucosal irritation assay). The applied research design resulted in the development of a sprayable donepezil delivery platform characterised by instant gelation at 34 °C and olfactory deposition reaching a remarkably high 71.8% of the applied dose. The optimised formulation showed prolonged drug release (t1/2 about 90 min), mucoadhesive behaviour, and reversible permeation enhancement, with a 20-fold increase in adhesion and a 1.5-fold increase in the apparent permeability coefficient in relation to the corresponding donepezil solution. The slug mucosal irritation assay demonstrated an acceptable irritability profile, indicating its potential for safe nasal delivery. It can be concluded that the developed thermogelling formulation showed great promise as an efficient donepezil brain-targeted delivery system. Furthermore, the formulation is worth investigating in vivo for final feasibility confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Perkušić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Nižić Nodilo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Cvijeta Jakobušić Brala
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Pepić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Lovrić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marie Trenkel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Regina Scherließ
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Priority Research Area Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Sciences (KiNSIS), Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dijana Zadravec
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Livije Kalogjera
- ORL/HNS Department, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Hafner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Eltahir S, Al homsi R, Jagal J, Ahmed IS, Haider M. Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Injectable Composite Hydrogel for Controlled Release of Doxorubicin: An Approach for Enhanced Intratumoral Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4261. [PMID: 36500884 PMCID: PMC9736459 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Intratumoral (IT) injection of chemotherapeutics into needle-accessible solid tumors can directly localize the anticancer drug in the tumor site, thus increasing its local bioavailability and reducing its undesirable effects compared to systemic administration. In this study, graphene oxide (GO)-based chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/GP) thermosensitive injectable composite hydrogels (CH) were prepared and optimized for the localized controlled delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to study the individual and combined effects of several formulation variables to produce optimal DOX-loaded GO/CS/GP CH with predetermined characteristics, including gelation time, injectability, porosity, and swelling capacity. The surface morphology of the optimal formulation (DOX/opt CH), chemical interaction between its ingredients and in vitro release of DOX in comparison to GO-free CS/GP CH were investigated. Cell viability and cellular uptake after treatment with DOX/opt CH were studied on MCF 7, MDB-MB-231 and FaDu cell lines. The statistical analysis of the measured responses revealed significant effects of the concentration of GO, the concentration of CS, and the CS:GP ratio on the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared GO/CS/GP CH. The optimization process showed that DOX-loaded GO/CS/GP CH prepared using 0.1% GO and 1.7% CS at a CS: GO ratio of 3:1 (v/v) had the highest desirability value. DOX/opt CH showed a porous microstructure and chemical compatibility between its ingredients. The incorporation of GO resulted in an increase in the ability of the CH matrices to control DOX release in vitro. Finally, cellular characterization showed a time-dependent increase in cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of DOX after treatment with DOX/opt CH. The proposed DOX/opt CH might be considered a promising injectable platform to control the release and increase the local bioavailability of chemotherapeutics in the treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Eltahir
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reem Al homsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jayalakshmi Jagal
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iman Saad Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Fazli AA, Panigrahy BK, Kumar V, Raza SN, Zarger BA, Wani TU, Ahmad S, Khuroo A, Khan NA. Multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) LC-MS/MS quantitation of venlafaxine and its O-desmethyl metabolite for a preclinical pharmacokinetic study in rabbits. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9322. [PMID: 35661132 PMCID: PMC9167309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in animal models during the formulation development phase give preliminary evidence and near clear picture of the PK behavior of drug and/or its dosage forms before clinical studies on humans and help in the tailoring of the dosage form according to the expected and requisite clinical behavior. The present work reports a first of its kind preclinical PK study on extended-release (ER) solid oral dosage forms of venlafaxine (VEN) in New Zealand White rabbits. The VEN is a highly prescribed and one of the safest and most effective therapeutic agents used in the treatment of different types of depression disorders worldwide. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) LC–MS/MS method developed for this purpose demonstrated enough reliability in simultaneously quantitating VEN and its equipotent metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) in rabbit plasma. The method described uses solid-phase extraction for sample preparation followed by an ultrafast LC–MS/MS analysis. The chromatographic separation was achieved isocratically with a predominantly polar mobile phase by employing RPLC. The triple quadrupole LC/MS/MS system operated in MRM mode used an ESI probe as an ion source in positive polarity. The validation results are within the permissible limits of US FDA recommendations and acceptance criteria for bioanalytical method validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aala Fazli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | | | - Varinder Kumar
- Viatris Inc (Formulations Development Research), Jigani, Bangalore, 560105, India
| | - Syed Naiem Raza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Zarger
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Taha Umair Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Shavej Ahmad
- Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Limited (R&D Center), Gurugram, Haryana, 122021, India
| | - Arshad Khuroo
- Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Limited (R&D Center), Gurugram, Haryana, 122021, India
| | - Nisar Ahmad Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India.
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Al homsi R, Altahir S, Jagal J, Ali Abdelkareem M, Ghoneim MM, Rawas-Qalaji MM, Greish K, Haider M. Thermosensitive injectable graphene oxide/chitosan-based nanocomposite hydrogels for controlling the in vivo release of bupivacaine hydrochloride. Int J Pharm 2022; 621:121786. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Anti-solvent sonocrystallization to enhance the dissolution rate of clopidogrel using Box-Behnken design. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Protein-Based 3D Biofabrication of Biomaterials. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8040048. [PMID: 33923425 PMCID: PMC8073780 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein/peptide-based hydrogel biomaterial inks with the ability to incorporate various cells and mimic the extracellular matrix's function are promising candidates for 3D printing and biomaterials engineering. This is because proteins contain multiple functional groups as reactive sites for enzymatic, chemical modification or physical gelation or cross-linking, which is essential for the filament formation and printing processes in general. The primary mechanism in the protein gelation process is the unfolding of its native structure and its aggregation into a gel network. This network is then stabilized through both noncovalent and covalent cross-link. Diverse proteins and polypeptides can be obtained from humans, animals, or plants or can be synthetically engineered. In this review, we describe the major proteins that have been used for 3D printing, highlight their physicochemical properties in relation to 3D printing and their various tissue engineering application are discussed.
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Taymouri S, Minaiyan M, Ebrahimi F, Tavakoli N. In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of chitosan-based thermosensitive gel containing lorazepam NLCs for the treatment of status epilepticus. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 14:148-154. [PMID: 32433032 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop an in-situ gel containing lorazepam (LZM) loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for direct nose-to-brain delivery in order to increase drug therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy. Accordingly, LZM loaded NLCs were formulated using emulsification solvent diffusion and evaporation method; then the effects of the formulation variables on different physicochemical characteristics of NLCs were investigated. Thermosensitive in-situ gels containing LZM-NLCs were prepared using a combination of chitosan and β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP). The anticonvulsant efficacy of LZM-NLCs-Gel was then examined using the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) model. The optimised NLCs were spherical, showing the particle size of 71.70 ± 5.16 nm and the zeta potential of -20.06 ± 2.70 mV. The pH and gelation time for the chitosan solution with 15% (w/v) β-GP were determined to be 7.12 ± 0.03 and 5.33 ± 0.58 min, respectively. The in-vivo findings showed that compared with the control group and the group that received LZM-Gel, the occurrence of PTZ-induced seizures in the rats was significantly reduced by LZM-NLCs-Gel after intranasal administration. These results, therefore, suggested that the LZM-NLCs-Gel system could have potential applications for brain targeting through nasal route and might increase LZM therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Taymouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Minaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Naser Tavakoli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Municoy S, Álvarez Echazú MI, Antezana PE, Galdopórpora JM, Olivetti C, Mebert AM, Foglia ML, Tuttolomondo MV, Alvarez GS, Hardy JG, Desimone MF. Stimuli-Responsive Materials for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4724. [PMID: 32630690 PMCID: PMC7369929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart or stimuli-responsive materials are an emerging class of materials used for tissue engineering and drug delivery. A variety of stimuli (including temperature, pH, redox-state, light, and magnet fields) are being investigated for their potential to change a material's properties, interactions, structure, and/or dimensions. The specificity of stimuli response, and ability to respond to endogenous cues inherently present in living systems provide possibilities to develop novel tissue engineering and drug delivery strategies (for example materials composed of stimuli responsive polymers that self-assemble or undergo phase transitions or morphology transformations). Herein, smart materials as controlled drug release vehicles for tissue engineering are described, highlighting their potential for the delivery of precise quantities of drugs at specific locations and times promoting the controlled repair or remodeling of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Municoy
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - María I. Álvarez Echazú
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - Pablo E. Antezana
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - Juan M. Galdopórpora
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - Christian Olivetti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - Andrea M. Mebert
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - María L. Foglia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - María V. Tuttolomondo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - Gisela S. Alvarez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
| | - John G. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Faraday Building, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YB, UK
- Materials Science Institute, Faraday Building, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Martin F. Desimone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Piso 3° (1113), Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (S.M.); (M.I.Á.E.); (P.E.A.); (J.M.G.); (C.O.); (A.M.M.); (M.L.F.); (M.V.T.); (G.S.A.)
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10
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Chitosan hydrogels for sustained drug delivery. J Control Release 2020; 326:150-163. [PMID: 32562854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable and controlled delivery of drugs is at the centre of a huge amount of undertaken researches. The ability of hydrogels, high water content materials, to achieve a local and delayed-delivery has already been demonstrated for a wide variety of therapeutic agents and various polymer natures. In particular, chitosan, a natural polymer, stands out as a first choice material for hydrogels elaboration in biomedical, cosmetic, and health related applications, owing to its interesting properties (as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antimicrobial capacity, and mucoadhesivity). Moreover, chitosan also allows drugs to go easier through biological barriers. The main objective of this review is to report the various uses of chitosan hydrogels as drug delivery devices to control and/or delay the release of drugs loaded into their three dimensional matrix. A wide spectrum of corresponding biomedical applications of these systems can be encountered in the literature, whatever the physicochemical nature of drugs (hydrophilic, hydrophobic, macromolecular), as detailed in this review.
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Singh A, Thakur S, Sharma T, Kaur M, Sahajpal NS, Aurora R, Jain SK. Harmonious Biomaterials for Development of In situ Approaches for Locoregional Delivery of Anti-cancer Drugs: Current Trends. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:3463-3498. [PMID: 31223077 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190621095726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Locoregional drug delivery is a novel approach for the effective delivery of anti-cancer agents as it exposes the tumors to high concentration of drugs. In situ gelling systems have fetched paramount attention in the field of localized cancer chemotherapy due to their targeted delivery, ease of preparation, prolonged or sustained drug release and improved patient compliance. Numerous polymers have been investigated for their properties like swelling along with biodegradation, drug release and physicochemical properties for successful targeting of the drugs at the site of implantation. The polymers such as chitosan, Hyaluronic Acid (HA), poloxamer, Poly Glycolic Lactic Acid (PGLA) and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) tend to form in situ hydrogels and have been exploited to develop localized delivery vehicles. These formulations are administered in the solution form and on exposure to physiological environment such as temperature, pH or ionic composition they undergo phase conversion into a hydrogel drug depot. The use of in situ gelling approach has provided prospects to increase overall survival and life quality of cancer patient by enhancing the bioavailability of drug to the site of tumor by minimizing the exposure to normal cells and alleviating systemic side effects. Because of its favorable safety profile and clinical benefits, United States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) has approved polymer based in situ systems for prolonged locoregional activity. This article discusses the rationale for developing in situ systems for targeted delivery of anti-cancer agents with special emphasis on types of polymers used to formulate the in situ system. In situ formulations for locoregional anti-cancer drug delivery that are marketed and are under clinical trials have also been discussed in detail in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Shubham Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Tushit Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Manjot Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Nikhil Shri Sahajpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rohan Aurora
- The International School Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Subheet Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Fookes FA, Mengatto LN, Rigalli A, Luna JA. Controlled fluoride release for osteoporosis treatment using orally administered chitosan hydrogels. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Kolawole OM, Lau WM, Khutoryanskiy VV. Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate in situ gelling mucoadhesive systems for intravesical delivery of mitomycin-C. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2019; 1:100007. [PMID: 31517272 PMCID: PMC6733296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of mucoadhesive in situ gelling formulations for intravesical application may improve the therapeutic outcomes of bladder cancer patients. In this work, chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CHIGP) thermosensitive formulations have been prepared using three different chitosan grades (62, 124 and 370 kDa). Their ability to form in situ gelling systems triggered by changes in temperature upon administration to urinary bladder were evaluated using vial inversion and rheological methods. Texture analysis was used to study their mucoadhesive properties as well as syringeability through the urethral catheter. The retention of CHIGP formulations, with fluorescein sodium as the model drug, was studied on porcine urinary bladder mucosa ex vivo using the flow-through technique and fluorescent microscopy. CHIGP formulations containing mitomycin-C were prepared and drug release was studied using in vitro dialysis method. It was established that the molecular weight of chitosan influenced the thermogelling, mucoadhesive and drug release behaviour of the in situ gelling delivery systems. Formulations prepared from chitosan with greatest molecular weight (370 kDa) were found to be the most promising for intravesical application due to their superior gelling properties and in vitro retention in the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwadamilola M Kolawole
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 224, Reading, RG6 6AD Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Wing Man Lau
- School of Pharmacy, The Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 224, Reading, RG6 6AD Berkshire, United Kingdom
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14
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Rheological characterization of new thermosensitive hydrogels formed by chitosan, glycerophosphate, and phosphorylated β-cyclodextrin. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 201:471-481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Benamer W, Cellesi F, Tirelli N. Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate-based microparticles manufactured by laminar jet break-up technology. J Microencapsul 2018; 35:407-420. [PMID: 30134755 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2018.1515996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study is about the use of β-glycerophosphate (βGP) to modulate the production of chitosan microparticles through a technology of jet break-up. βGP has been described as capable of producing chitosan gels without additional complexing agents via a thermal transition (inverse gelation). A preliminary assessment on the effect of temperature on the viscosity and gelation of chitosan/βGP precursors demonstrated that the crosslinking process was too slow to afford microparticle production via jet break-up. Instead, βGP was used as a solubilizer to provide stable chitosan solution at neutral pH, which allowed the preparation of microparticles through polyelectrolyte complexation (with triphosphate) under physiological conditions, as opposed to the more conventional method of chitosan solubilisation in acids. Here, the key parameters of the microencapsulation process have been optimized, aiming to produce spherical particle of well-defined size and circularity, as well as toroidal microparticles, with a physico-chemical evaluation of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadiaa Benamer
- a Division of Pharmacy and Optometry , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- a Division of Pharmacy and Optometry , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- a Division of Pharmacy and Optometry , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK.,b Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials , Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Genova , Italy
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16
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Haider M, Hassan MA, Ahmed IS, Shamma R. Thermogelling Platform for Baicalin Delivery for Versatile Biomedical Applications. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3478-3488. [PMID: 29953815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Baicalin (BG) is a natural glycoside with several promising therapeutic and preventive applications. However, its pharmaceutical potential is compromised by its poor water solubility, complex oral absorption kinetics, and low bioavailability. In this work, BG was incorporated in a series of chitosan (Ch)/glycerophosphate (GP)-based thermosensitive hydrogel formulations to improve its water solubility and control its release profile. Molecular interactions between BG and GP were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the ability of GP to enhance the water solubility of BG was studied in different release media. Drug-loaded Ch/GP hydrogels were prepared and characterized for their gelation time, swelling ratio, and rheological properties in addition to surface and internal microstructure. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) were incorporated in the formulations at different ratios to study their effect on modulating the sol-gel behavior and the in vitro drug release. In vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) studies were carried out using a rabbit model to study the ability of drug-loaded Ch/GP thermosensitive hydrogels to control the absorption rate and improve the bioavailability of BG. Results showed that the solubility of BG was enhanced in the presence of GP, while the incorporation of PEG and/or HPMC had an impact on gelation time, rheological behavior, and rate of drug release in vitro. PK results obtained following buccal application of drug-loaded Ch/GP thermosensitive hydrogels to rabbits showed that the rate of BG absorption was controlled and the in vivo bioavailability was increased by 330% relative to BG aqueous oral suspension. The proposed Ch/GP thermosensitive hydrogel is an easily modifiable delivery platform that is not only capable of improving the solubility and bioavailability of BG following buccal administration but also can be suited for various local and injectable therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy , University of Sharjah , Sharjah 27272 , United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo 11562 , Egypt
| | - Mariame A Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy , University of Sharjah , Sharjah 27272 , United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo 11562 , Egypt
| | - Iman S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy , University of Sharjah , Sharjah 27272 , United Arab Emirates
| | - Rehab Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo 11562 , Egypt
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17
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Zhang X, Gu X, Wang X, Wang H, Mao S. Tunable and sustained-release characteristics of venlafaxine hydrochloride from chitosan-carbomer matrix tablets based on in situ formed polyelectrolyte complex film coating. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018; 13:566-574. [PMID: 32104430 PMCID: PMC7032170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to design sustained-release tablets using matrix technology, which can well control the release of highly water-soluble drugs with good system robustness and simple preparation process. Taking venlafaxine hydrochloride (VH) as a drug model, the feasibility of using chitosan (CS), carbomer (CBM) combination system to achieve this goal was studied. Formulation and process variables influencing drug release from CS-CBM matrix tablets were investigated. It was found that CS-CBM combination system weakened the potential influence of CS, CBM material properties and gastric emptying time on drug release profile. Demonstrated by direct observation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in situ self-assembled polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) film was formed on the tablet surface during gastrointestinal tract transition, which contributed to the tunable and robust control of drug release. The sustained drug release behavior was further demonstrated in vivo in Beagle dogs, with level A in vitro and in vivo correlation (IVIVC) established successfully. In conclusion, CS-CBM matrix tablets are promising system to tune and control the release of highly water-soluble drugs with good system robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiangqin Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shirui Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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18
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Aranaz I, Paños I, Peniche C, Heras Á, Acosta N. Chitosan Spray-Dried Microparticles for Controlled Delivery of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride. Molecules 2017; 22:E1980. [PMID: 29140306 PMCID: PMC6150332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Venlafaxine controlled drug delivery systems using different matrixes have been tested to reduce undesirable side effects in the treatment of depression. The legal status of chitosan (Cs) in Pharmacy has dramatically improved after its acceptance as excipient in several Pharmacopeias and, therefore, there is great interest in pharmaceutical formulations based on this polymer. In this paper, chitosan microcapsules cross-linked with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) for oral delivery of venlafaxine were formulated using the spray drying technique. The effect of chitosan physico-chemical properties, TPP concentration and TPP/Cs ratio on drug release was evaluated. The microcapsules were characterized in terms of size, zeta potential and morphology. The physical state of the drug was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the drug release from the microcapsules was studied in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. The release pattern fitted well to the Peppas-Koersmeyer model with n exponents indicating anomalous transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Aranaz
- Department of Physical Chemistry II. Pharmacy Faculty, Biofuncional Studies Institute, Complutense University, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ines Paños
- Department of Physical Chemistry II. Pharmacy Faculty, Biofuncional Studies Institute, Complutense University, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Peniche
- Center of Biomaterials, University of Havana Ave. Universidad s/n entre G y Ronda, Vedado, 10400 La Habana, Cuba.
| | - Ángeles Heras
- Department of Physical Chemistry II. Pharmacy Faculty, Biofuncional Studies Institute, Complutense University, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Niuris Acosta
- Department of Physical Chemistry II. Pharmacy Faculty, Biofuncional Studies Institute, Complutense University, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Kolawole OM, Lau WM, Mostafid H, Khutoryanskiy VV. Advances in intravesical drug delivery systems to treat bladder cancer. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:105-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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In situ forming hydrogels based on chitosan for drug delivery and tissue regeneration. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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21
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Lin HP, Sun D, Zhang X, Wen H. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Substitutability Analysis of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Extended-Release Formulations Using Different Release Mechanisms: Osmotic Pump Versus Openable Matrix. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:3088-3096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Mengatto LN, Pesoa JI, Velázquez NS, Luna JA. Application of simultaneous multiple response optimization in the preparation of thermosensitive chitosan/glycerophosphate hydrogels. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-016-0475-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Yao Y, Xia M, Wang H, Li G, Shen H, Ji G, Meng Q, Xie Y. Preparation and evaluation of chitosan-based nanogels/gels for oral delivery of myricetin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 91:144-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Yang X, Fan R, Wang W, Wang J, Le Y. Design and synthesis of pH-sensitive polymeric micelles for oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 27:1341-53. [PMID: 27342342 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2016.1200248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
pH-sensitive polymer poly (polylactide-co-methacrylic acid)-b-poly (acrylic acid) was synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization and ring-opening polymerization and characterized by gel permeation chromatography and (1)H NMR. The polymers can self-assemble to form micelles in aqueous medium, which respond rapidly to pH change within the gastrointestinal relevant pH range. Critical micelle concentrations and pH response behavior of the polymeric micelle were investigated. Water-insoluble drug nifedipine was loaded and the drug-loading content can be controlled by tuning the composition of the polymers. The in vitro release studies indicate pH sensitivity enabled rapid drug release at the environment of simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.36), the cumulative released amount of NFD reached more than 80% within 24 h, while only 35% in the simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.35). All the results showed that the pH-sensitive P(PLAMA-co-MAA)-b-PAA micelle may be a prospective candidate as oral drug delivery carrier for hydrophobic drugs with controlled release behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yang
- a State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiexin Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Le
- a State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , People's Republic of China
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25
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Alginate/carboxymethyl chitosan composite gel beads for oral drug delivery. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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26
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Jain S, Datta M. Montmorillonite-alginate microspheres as a delivery vehicle for oral extended release of Venlafaxine hydrochloride. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Lu S, Yang Y, Yao J, Shao Z, Chen X. Exploration of the nature of a unique natural polymer-based thermosensitive hydrogel. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:492-499. [PMID: 26481909 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01947h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The chitosan (CS)/β-glycerol phosphate (GP) system is a heat induced gelling system with a promising potential application, such as an injectable biomedical material. Unlike most thermosensitive gelling systems, the CS/GP system is only partially reversible. That is once the hydrogel is fully matured, it only softens but cannot go back to its initial liquid state when cooled down. Here, we perform both the small and large amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS and LAOS) tests on the fully matured CS/GP hydrogel samples at a variety of temperatures within the cooling process. The purpose of such tests is to investigate the structural change of the hydrogel network and thus to understand the possible gelation mechanism of this unique thermosensitive hydrogel. From the LAOS results and the further analysis with the Chebyshev expansion method, it shows that the CS/GP hydrogel is composed of a colloidal network dominated by hydrophobic interactions at high temperature, and gradually turns into a flexible network dominated by hydrogen bonding when the temperature goes down. Therefore, we may conclude that LOAS is a powerful tool to study the nonlinear behaviour of a polymer system that is closely related to its structure, and as a practical example, we achieve a clearer vision on the gelation mechanism of the unique CS/GP thermosensitive hydrogel on the basis of considerable previous studies and assumptions in this laboratory and other research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanling Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhong Yang
- Research Centre for Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Dang Q, Liu C, Wang Y, Yan J, Wan H, Fan B. Characterization and biocompatibility of injectable microspheres-loaded hydrogel for methotrexate delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:516-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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29
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Preparation and statistical optimization of Losartan Potassium loaded nanoparticles using Box Behnken factorial design: Microreactor precipitation. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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A novel micro-emulsion and micelle assembling method to prepare DEC205 monoclonal antibody coupled cationic nanoliposomes for simulating exosomes to target dendritic cells. Int J Pharm 2015; 491:105-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Kim DY, Kwon DY, Kwon JS, Kim JH, Min BH, Kim MS. Stimuli-Responsive InjectableIn situ-Forming Hydrogels for Regenerative Medicines. POLYM REV 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2014.983244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Gaber DM, Nafee N, Abdallah OY. Mini-tablets versus pellets as promising multiparticulate modified release delivery systems for highly soluble drugs. Int J Pharm 2015; 488:86-94. [PMID: 25869450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Whether mini-tablets (tablets, diameters ≤6mm) belong to single- or multiple-unit dosage forms is still questionable. Accordingly, Pharmacopoeial evaluation procedures for mini-tablets are lacking. In this study, the aforementioned points were discussed. Moreover, their potential for oral controlled delivery was assessed. The antidepressant venlafaxine hydrochloride (Vx), a highly soluble drug undergoing first pass effect, low bioavailability and short half-life was selected as a challenging payload. In an attempt to weigh up mini-tablets versus pellets as multiparticulate carriers, Vx-loaded mini-tablets were compared to formulated pellets of the same composition and the innovator Effexor(®)XR pellets. Formulations were prepared using various polymer hydrogels in the core and ethyl cellulose film coating with increasing thickness. Mini-tablets (diameter 2mm) showed extended Vx release (<60%, 8h). Indeed, release profiles comparable to Effexor(®)XR pellets were obtained. Remarkably higher coating thickness was required for pellets to provide equivalent retardation. Ethyl cellulose in the core ensured faster release due to polymer migration to the surface and pore formation in the coat. mini-tablets showed higher stability to pellets upon storage. Industrially speaking, mini-tablets proved to be superior to pellets in terms of manufacturing, product quality and economical aspects. Results point out the urgent need for standardized evaluation procedures for mini-tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Gaber
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Noha Nafee
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Osama Y Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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33
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Das D, Pal S. Modified biopolymer-dextrin based crosslinked hydrogels: application in controlled drug delivery. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16103c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes hydrogels and their classifications along with the synthesis and properties of biopolymer-dextrin based crosslinked hydrogels towards potential application in controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Das
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
| | - Sagar Pal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
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34
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Dang QF, Yan JQ, Lin H, Liu CS, Chen XG, Ji QX, Li J, Liu Y. Biological evaluation of chitosan-basedin situ-forming hydrogel with low phase transition temperature. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng Dang
- Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Quan Yan
- Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lin
- Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Sheng Liu
- Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Guang Chen
- Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Xia Ji
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University; Qingdao 266001 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Liu
- Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266003 People's Republic of China
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35
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Thermo-Responsive Injectable MPEG-Polyester Diblock Copolymers for Sustained Drug Release. Polymers (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/polym6102670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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36
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Wang W, Chen S, Zhang L, Wu X, Wang J, Chen JF, Le Y. Poly(lactic acid)/chitosan hybrid nanoparticles for controlled release of anticancer drug. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 46:514-20. [PMID: 25492016 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a kind of non-toxic biological materials with excellent absorbability, biocompatibility and biodegradability, which can be used for drug release, tissue engineering and surgical treatment applications. In this study, we prepared chitosan modified PLA nanoparticles as carriers for encapsulation of docetaxel by anti-solvent precipitation method. The morphology, particle size, zeta potential and composition of the PLA/chitosan were characterized by SEM, DLS, FTIR and XPS. As-prepared PLA/chitosan particles exhibited average size of 250 nm and showed very narrow distribution with polydispersity index of 0.098. Their large surface charge-ability was confirmed by zeta potential value of 53.9 mV. Docetaxel was released from PLA/chitosan nanoparticles with 40% initial burst release in 5 h and 70% cumulative release within 24 h, while from PLA nanoparticles 65% of docetaxel was released in 5h. In vitro drug release study demonstrated that PLA/chitosan nanoparticles prolonged drug release and decreased the burst release over the unmodified PLA nanoparticles. These results illustrated high potential of chitosan modified PLA nanoparticles for usage as anticancer drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Shu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, Gower Street, London, England
| | - Jiexin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuan Le
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Glycerophosphate-based chitosan thermosensitive hydrogels and their biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 117:524-536. [PMID: 25498667 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide composed of glucosamine and derived by deacetylation of chitin. Chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel has been developed to form a gel in situ, precluding the need for surgical implantation. In this review, the recent advances in chitosan thermosensitive hydrogels based on different glycerophosphate are summarized. The hydrogel is prepared with chitosan and β-glycerophosphate or αβ-glycerophosphate which is liquid at room temperature and transits into gel as temperature increases. The gelation mechanism may involve multiple interactions between chitosan, glycerophosphate, and water. The solution behavior, rheological and physicochemical properties, and gelation process of the hydrogel are affected not only by the molecule weight, deacetylation degree, and concentration of chitosan, but also by the kind and concentration of glycerophosphate. The properties and the three-dimensional networks of the hydrogel offer them wide applications in biomedical field including local drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Chen F, Song S, Wang H, Zhang W, Lin C, Ma S, Ye T, Zhang L, Yang X, Qin X, Pan W. Injectable chitosan thermogels for sustained and localized delivery of pingyangmycin in vascular malformations. Int J Pharm 2014; 476:232-40. [PMID: 25283699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pingyangmycin (PYM) is an effective drug to treat vascular malformations (VM), but can easily diffuse from the injection site, which will reduce its therapeutic effect and increase side effect. Our study was to evaluate PYM-loaded chitosan thermogels for sustained and localized embolization therapy. It was shown that in vitro release of PYM thermogels could be delayed up to 12 days. The results measured by MTT assay showed that PYM thermogels could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of EA.hy926 cells in a concentration and time dependent manner. In vivo pharmacokinetics study demonstrated that compared with PYM injections, PYM thermogels had a better sustained delivery of PYM. Macroscopic observation and histological examination of rabbit ear veins displayed that after administration with PYM thermogels for 18 days, obvious venous embolization and inflammatory response could be found. These results indicate that PYM thermogels is likely to achieve excellent prospects for VM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Wenji Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Congcong Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Shilin Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Tiantian Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xinggang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xingjun Qin
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
| | - Weisan Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Parenteral thermo-sensitive organogel for schizophrenia therapy, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 60:40-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Supper S, Anton N, Boisclair J, Seidel N, Riemenschnitter M, Curdy C, Vandamme T. Chitosan/glucose 1-phosphate as new stable in situ forming depot system for controlled drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:361-73. [PMID: 24859306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (CS)-based thermosensitive solutions that turn into semi-solid hydrogels upon injection at body temperature have increasingly drawn attention over the last decades as an attractive new type of in situ forming depot (ISFD) drug delivery system. Despite the great potential of the standard CS/β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) thermogelling solutions, their lack of stability over time at room temperature as well as at refrigerated conditions renders them unsuitable as ready-to-use drug product. In the present study, we investigated Glucose-1-Phosphate (G1-P) as an alternative gelling agent for improving the stability of CS-based ISFD solutions. The in vitro release performance of CS/G1-P formulations was assessed using several model compounds. Furthermore, the local tolerance of subcutaneously implanted CS/G1-P hydrogels was investigated by histological examination over three weeks. The thermogelling potential of CS/G1-P solutions, determined by rheology, is dependent on the polymer molecular weight (Mw) and concentration as well as on the G1-P concentration. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements confirmed that sol/gel transition takes place at around body temperature and is not fully thermo-reversible. The long term storage stability was evaluated through the appearance, pH, viscosity and gelation time at 37°C of the solution. The results emphasized an enhanced stability of the CS/G1-P system compared to the standard CS/β-GP. CS solution with 0.40 mmol/g G1-P is stable for at least 9 months at 2-8°C, versus less than 1 month when using β-GP as gelling agent. Furthermore, the solution is easy to inject, as evidenced from injectability evaluation using 23-30 G needles. In vitro release experiments showed a sustained release over days to weeks for hydrophilic model compounds, demonstrating thereby that CS/G1-P may be suitable for the prolonged delivery of drugs. The inflammatory reaction observed in the tissue surrounding the hydrogel in rats was a typical foreign body reaction, similar to the one observed for CS/β-GP hydrogels. These features confirm the potential of CS/G1-P solutions as an injectable ready-to-use in situ forming hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Supper
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Pharmacy, Illkirch Cedex, France; CNRS UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, équipe de Pharmacie Biogalénique, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Anton
- University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Pharmacy, Illkirch Cedex, France; CNRS UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, équipe de Pharmacie Biogalénique, Illkirch Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Vandamme
- University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Pharmacy, Illkirch Cedex, France; CNRS UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, équipe de Pharmacie Biogalénique, Illkirch Cedex, France
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Alexander A, Ajazuddin, Khan J, Saraf S, Saraf S. Formulation and evaluation of chitosan-based long-acting injectable hydrogel for PEGylated melphalan conjugate. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 66:1240-50. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Alexander
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
| | - Ajazuddin
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research; Bhilai Chhattisgarh India
| | - Junaid Khan
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
| | - Swarnlata Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy; Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University; Raipur Chhattisgarh India
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Li C, Ren S, Dai Y, Tian F, Wang X, Zhou S, Deng S, Liu Q, Zhao J, Chen X. Efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of thermosensitive chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogel loaded with docetaxel. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:417-24. [PMID: 24442774 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-014-0077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is a widely used anticancer drug for various solid tumors. However, its poor solubility in water and lack of specification are two limitations for clinical use. The aim of the study was to develop a thermosensitive chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (C/GP) hydrogel loaded with DTX for intratumoral delivery. The in vitro release profiles, in vivo antitumor efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of DTX-loaded C/GP hydrogel (DTX-C/GP) were evaluated. The results of in vitro release study demonstrated that DTX-C/GP had the property of controlled delivery for a reasonable time span of 3 weeks and the release period was substantially affected by initial DTX strength. The antitumor efficacy of DTX-C/GP was observed at 20 mg/kg in H22 tumor-bearing mice. It was found that the tumor volume was definitely minimized by intratumoral injection of DTX-C/GP. Compared with saline group, the tumor inhibition rate of blank gel, intravenous DTX solution, intratumoral DTX solution, and DTX-C/GP was 2.3%, 29.8%, 41.9%, and 58.1%, respectively. Further, the in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics of DTX-C/GP correlated well with the in vitro release. DTX-C/GP significantly prolonged the DTX retention and maintained a high DTX concentration in tumor. The amount of DTX distributed to the normal tissues was minimized so that the toxicity was effectively reduced. In conclusion, DTX-C/GP demonstrated controlled release and significant efficacy and exhibited potential for further clinical development.
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Supper S, Anton N, Seidel N, Riemenschnitter M, Curdy C, Vandamme T. Thermosensitive chitosan/glycerophosphate-based hydrogel and its derivatives in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 11:249-67. [PMID: 24304097 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.867326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thermogelling chitosan (CS)/glycerophosphate (GP) solutions have been reported as a new type of parenteral in situ forming depot system. These free-flowing solutions at ambient temperature turn into semi-solid hydrogels after parenteral administration. AREAS COVERED Formulation parameters such as CS physico-chemical characteristics, CS/gelling agent ratio or pH of the system, were acknowledged as key parameters affecting the solution stability, the sol/gel transition behavior and/or the final hydrogel structure. We discuss also the use of the standard CS/GP thermogels for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. Furthermore, this manuscript reviews the different strategies implemented to improve the hydrogel characteristics such as combination with carrier particles, replacement of GP, addition of a second polymer and chemical modification of CS. EXPERT OPINION The recent advances in the formulation of CS-based thermogelling systems already overcame several challenges faced by the standard CS/GP system. Dispersion of drug-loaded carrier particles into the thermogels allowed achieving prolonged release profiles for low molecular weight drugs; incorporation of an additional polymer enabled to strengthen the network, while the use of chemically modified CS led to enhanced pH sensitivity or biodegradability of the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Supper
- Novartis Pharma AG, Technical Research & Development (TRD) , Basel, 4002 , Switzerland
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