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Sartori GJ, Prado LD, Rocha HVA. Efavirenz dissolution enhancement V - A combined top down/bottom up approach on nanocrystals formulation. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e18800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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2
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Sinha B, Müller RH, Möschwitzer JP. Can the cavi-precipitation process be exploited to generate smaller size drug nanocrystal? Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:235-245. [PMID: 33404268 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1871004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cavi-precipitation has the potential to generate drug nanocrystals very efficiently. Achieving smaller than 100 nm particle size for organic drug substances still remained a challenge. The objective of this study was to demonstrate if cavi-precipitation technology can be used to generate smaller than 100 nm drug nanocrystal particle. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that cavi-precipitation process can be used to generate drug nanocrystals of the model compound resveratrol (RVT) consists of crystallites of 30-50 nm size. METHOD RVT was dissolved in different organic solvents to prepare the solvent phase (S-phase). Several stabilizers were tested for the organic phase. A combination of SDS and PVP was used stabilizer system in the aqueous anti-solvent phase (AS-phase). The S-phase was added to the AS-phase inside the Emulsiflex C5 homogenizer. Nanosuspension was characterized by laser diffractometry (LD), photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The solid state of the suspended particles was investigated by powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). RESULTS It was found that DMSO, alone or in combination with acetone in the S-Phase generated the smallest size RVT nanocrystals. The optimum solvent (S) antisolvent (AS) ratio (S:AS) was found to be 3.6:56.4 (v:v). Span 20 was identified as the best stabilizer for the organic phase at a ratio (w:w) of 1:3 (Span 20:RVT). The particles precipitated from different solvents were predominantly crystalline. CONCLUSIONS The best sample had a mean particle size (LD) of 167 nm [d(0.5)] which was composed of smaller crystallites having 30-50 nm size (SEM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswadip Sinha
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Nutricosmetics, Freie University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer H Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Nutricosmetics, Freie University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan P Möschwitzer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Nutricosmetics, Freie University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Liu T, Yu X, Yin H, Möschwitzer JP. Advanced modification of drug nanocrystals by using novel fabrication and downstream approaches for tailor-made drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2020; 26:1092-1103. [PMID: 31735092 PMCID: PMC6882472 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1682721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug nanosuspensions/nanocrystals have been recognized as one useful and successful approach for drug delivery. Drug nanocrystals could be further decorated to possess extended functions (such as controlled release) and designed for special in vivo applications (such as drug tracking), which make best use of the advantages of drug nanocrystals. A lot of novel and advanced size reduction methods have been invented recently for special drug deliveries. In addition, some novel downstream processes have been combined with nanosuspensions, which have highly broadened its application areas (such as targeting) besides traditional routes. A large number of recent research publication regarding as nanocrystals focuses on above mentioned aspects, which have widely attracted attention. This review will focus on the recent development of nanocrystals and give an overview of regarding modification of nanocrystal by some new approaches for tailor-made drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinxin Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Haipeng Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qingdao orthopaedic Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jan P Möschwitzer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and NutriCosmetics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Tu L, Cheng M, Sun Y, Fang Y, Liu J, Liu W, Feng J, Jin Y. Fabrication of ultra-small nanocrystals by formation of hydrogen bonds: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 2019; 573:118730. [PMID: 31705972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Poor water solubility and low bioavailability hinder the clinical application of about 70% of newly synthesized compounds. Nanocrystal technology has become a preferred way to improve bioavailability by improving solubility. However, it remains challenging to produce nanocrystals with ultra-small particle sizes to further enhance the extent of bioavailability. Herein, we constructed ultra-small puerarin nanocrystals (Pue-NCs) (20-40 nm) via formation of hydrogen bond during HPH. We confirmed the formation of hydrogen bonds by 1H NMR and FTIR, and observed the distribution of polymer chains by SEM and TEM. The absorption mechanisms were studied in Caco-2 cell monolayers, and the results showed that the major transport mechanism for puerarin was passive diffusion, meanwhile, for Pue-NCs, the passive transport and micropinocytosis-mediated endocytosis coexisted. The absolute bioavailability of Pue-NCs was 35.28%, which was 11.54 folds compared to that of puerarin. Therapeutic equivalence was demonstrated between Pue-NCs and puerarin injection at 50 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg, respectively, in isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia model. This study provides a novel strategy for preparing ultra-small nanocrystals by HPH to increase bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxing Tu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Meng Cheng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Yongbing Sun
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Yuanying Fang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Jiali Liu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Wan Liu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Jianfang Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, PR China; National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
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Nejati L, Kalantari F, Bavarsad N, Saremnejad F, Moghaddam PT, Akhgari A. Investigation of using pectin and chitosan as natural excipients in pellet formulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1208-1215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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6
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Wu C, Gao Y, Liu Y, Xu X. Pure paclitaxel nanoparticles: preparation, characterization, and antitumor effect for human liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6189-6198. [PMID: 30349243 PMCID: PMC6188176 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s169209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pure paclitaxel nanoparticles (PPN), consisting entirely of drug molecules, were prepared by the electrostatic spraying method as promising candidates for antitumor application. Compared with the traditional preparation method, the advantage of the electrostatic spraying method included high production rates, relatively small particle sizes, and ease of preparation. Materials and methods Paclitaxel was used to prepared PPN by electrostatic spray. The electrostatic spray device included a constant speed pump with a syringe, a high-voltage power supply, and a metal foil receiver was used to prepare and evaluate PPN. The syringe drew off a certain amount of paclitaxel chloroform solution (150 μg/mL) and was placed on the constant speed injection pump. The dissolution behavior of PPN was evaluated by dissolution test and the presence of paclitaxel in PPN was detected by X-Ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Effect of PPN on SMMC-7721 cells were studied by cell uptake, cell apoptosis and antitumor study. Results The results of X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry characterization showed that the PPN were in an amorphous state. A dissolution study indicated that PPN have a significantly enhanced dissolution rate of paclitaxel. Moreover, SMMC-7721 tumor cells treated with PPN exhibited a distinctly high uptake rate that promoted cell apoptosis. An in vivo antitumor study demonstrated that PPN had significant antitumor efficacy. Conclusion All conclusions verified that electrostatic spraying is a potential technology for developing PPN, and PPN can be regarded as a promising treatment for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ying Liu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoYan Xu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
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Deng Y, Yang F, Zhao X, Wang L, Wu W, Zu C, Wu M. Improving the skin penetration and antifebrile activity of ibuprofen by preparing nanoparticles using emulsion solvent evaporation method. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 114:293-302. [PMID: 29288707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) is an effective analgesic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Unfortunately, oral IBU can cause adverse gastrointestinal drug reactions, such as bleeding and ulcerations, and increases the risk for stomach or intestinal perforations. In this study, IBU nanoparticles (IBU-NPs) were prepared through emulsion solvent evaporation and freeze-drying to improve their solubility. IBU nanoemulsion and nanosuspension were optimized through a single-factor experiment. IBU-NPs with a mean particle size of 216.9±10.7nm were produced under optimum conditions. These IBU-NPs were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and residual solvent determination to determine their solvent residue, equilibrium solubility, dissolution rate, in vitro transdermal rate, transdermal bioavailability, and antifebrile experiment for febrile rats. The morphological characteristic of IBU-NPs showed porous clusters. Analysis results indicated that the prepared IBU-NPs have low crystallinity. Residual amounts of ethanol and chloroform were 170 and 9.6ppm, respectively, which were less than the ICH limit for class II. Measurement analysis showed that the IBU-NPs were converted underwent amorphous states after preparation, but the chemical structure of the IBU-NPs was unchanged. Transdermal bioavailability of IBU in the IBU-NP group improved significantly compared with oral and transdermal raw IBU. Furthermore, the IBU-NP transdermal gel exhibited a high and stable cooling rate and a long cooling duration in febrile rats. In comparison with the raw oral IBU and raw IBU transdermal gel, the IBU-NP transdermal gel manifested better efficacy at low and mid doses. Basing from the results, we conclude that IBU-NPs can be applied in transdermal delivery formulations and have potential application value for non-oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Deng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fengjian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xiuhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chang Zu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mingfang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
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Peltonen L, Hirvonen J. Drug nanocrystals - Versatile option for formulation of poorly soluble materials. Int J Pharm 2017; 537:73-83. [PMID: 29262301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Poor solubility of drug compounds is a great issue in drug industry today and decreasing particle size is one efficient and simple way to overcome this challenge. Drug nanocrystals are solid nanosized drug particles, which are covered by a stabilizer layer. In nanoscale many physical properties, like compound solubility, are different from the solubility of bulk material, and due to this drug nanocrystals can reach supersaturation as compared to thermodynamic solubility. The most important effect of the smaller particle size is that dissolution rate is highly enhanced mainly due to the increased surface area. In this review the most important properties of nanocrystalline drug compounds are presented, with multiple examples of the development and characterization of nanocrystalline drug formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Peltonen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Finland.
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Finland.
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Irvine J, Afrose A, Islam N. Formulation and delivery strategies of ibuprofen: challenges and opportunities. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 44:173-183. [PMID: 29022772 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1391838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is mostly administered orally and topically to relieve acute pain and fever. Due to its mode of action this drug may be useful in the treatment regimens of other, more chronic conditions, like cystic fibrosis. This drug is poorly soluble in aqueous media and thus the rate of dissolution from the currently available solid dosage forms is limited. This leads to poor bioavailability at high doses after oral administration, thereby increasing the risk of unwanted adverse effects. The poor solubility is a problem for developing injectable solution dosage forms. Because of its poor skin permeability, it is difficult to obtain an effective therapeutic concentration from topical preparations. This review aims to give a brief insight into the status of ibuprofen dosage forms and their limitations, particle/crystallization technologies for improving formulation strategies as well as suggesting its incorporation into the pulmonary drug delivery systems for achieving better therapeutic action at low dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Irvine
- a Pharmacy Discipline, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , QLD , Australia
| | - Afrina Afrose
- a Pharmacy Discipline, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , QLD , Australia.,b Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , QLD , Australia
| | - Nazrul Islam
- a Pharmacy Discipline, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , QLD , Australia.,b Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , QLD , Australia
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10
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Phaechamud T, Tuntarawongsa S. Transformation of eutectic emulsion to nanosuspension fabricating with solvent evaporation and ultrasonication technique. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:2855-65. [PMID: 27366064 PMCID: PMC4914070 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s108355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Eutectic solvent can solubilize high amount of some therapeutic compounds. Volatile eutectic solvent is interesting to be used as solvent in the preparation of nanosuspension with emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The mechanism of transformation from the eutectic emulsion to nanosuspension was investigated in this study. The 30% w/w ibuprofen eutectic solution was used as the internal phase, and the external phase is composed of Tween 80 as emulsifier. Ibuprofen nanosuspension was prepared by eutectic emulsion solvent evaporating method followed with ultrasonication. During evaporation process, the ibuprofen concentration in emulsion droplets was increased leading to a drug supersaturation but did not immediately recrystallize because of low glass transition temperature (Tg) of ibuprofen. The contact angle of the internal phase on ibuprofen was apparently lower than that of the external phase at all times of evaporation, indicating that the ibuprofen crystals were preferentially wetted by the internal phase than the external phase. From calculated dewetting value ibuprofen crystallization occurred in the droplet. Crystallization of the drug was initiated with external mechanical force, and the particle size of the drug was larger due to Ostwald ripening. Cavitation force from ultrasonication minimized the ibuprofen crystals to the nanoscale. Particle size and zeta potential of formulated ibuprofen nanosuspension were 330.87±51.49 nm and −31.1±1.6 mV, respectively, and exhibited a fast dissolution. Therefore, the combination of eutectic emulsion solvent evaporation method with ultrasonication was favorable for fabricating an ibuprofen nanosuspension, and the transformation mechanism was attained successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thawatchai Phaechamud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sarun Tuntarawongsa
- Pharmaceutical Intelligence Unit Prachote Plengwittaya, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Ren F, Su J, Xiong H, Tian Y, Ren G, Jing Q. Characterization of ibuprofen microparticle and improvement of the dissolution. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:63-68. [PMID: 27055726 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2016.1163386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to prepare ibuprofen (IBP) microparticles by pH-change method and enhance the dissolution rate in vitro. Tween80 and Cremophor RH40 were selected as stabilizers to change the microparticles morphology. The microparticles were evaluated by dissolution profiles and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). IBP microparticle prepared with surfactants showed a significant increase in dissolution rate (more than three times within 10 min) and an obvious decrease in mean particle size. The morphology of microparticles was obviously changed. XRD and DSC results revealed that the crystalline state of the untreated IBP and the prepared IBP microparticles were similar. The crystallinity of microparticles produced might be lightly reduced by adding surfactants in preparation process. All results showed that it was useful to prepare high dispersion microparticle by adding surfactants in the preparation process for improving the dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzheng Ren
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Jianping Su
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Hui Xiong
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Ying Tian
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Guobin Ren
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiufang Jing
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
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Malamatari M, Somavarapu S, Taylor KM, Buckton G. Solidification of nanosuspensions for the production of solid oral dosage forms and inhalable dry powders. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:435-50. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2016.1142524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Liu T, Müller RH, Möschwitzer JP. Effect of drug physico-chemical properties on the efficiency of top-down process and characterization of nanosuspension. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1741-54. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1057566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Pawar VK, Singh Y, Meher JG, Gupta S, Chourasia MK. Engineered nanocrystal technology: in-vivo fate, targeting and applications in drug delivery. J Control Release 2014; 183:51-66. [PMID: 24667572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Formulation of nanocrystals is a robust approach which can improve delivery of poorly water soluble drugs, a challenge pharmaceutical industry has been facing since long. Large scale production of nanocrystals is done by techniques like precipitation, media milling and, high pressure homogenization. Application of appropriate stabilizers along with drying accords long term stability and commercial viability to nanocrystals. These can be administered through oral, parenteral, pulmonary, dermal and ocular routes showing their high therapeutic applicability. They serve to target drug molecules in specific regions through size manipulation and surface modification. This review dwells upon the in-vivo fate and varying applications in addition to the facets of drug nanocrystals stated above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Pawar
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Yuvraj Singh
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Jaya Gopal Meher
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Siddharth Gupta
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Manish K Chourasia
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India.
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