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Zhu C, Xu L, Chen L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Wu W, Li C, Liu S, Xiang S, Dai S, Zhang J, Guo H, Zhou Y, Wang F. Epitope-Directed Antibody Elicitation by Genetically Encoded Chemical Cross-Linking Reactivity in the Antigen. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1229-1240. [PMID: 37396855 PMCID: PMC10311653 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
No current methods can selectively elicit an antibody response to a specific conformational epitope in a whole antigen in vivo. Here, we incorporated Nε-acryloyl-l-lysine (AcrK) or Nε-crotonyl-l-lysine (Kcr) with cross-linking activities into the specific epitopes of antigens and immunized mice to generate antibodies that can covalently cross-link with the antigens. By taking advantage of antibody clonal selection and evolution in vivo, an orthogonal antibody-antigen cross-linking reaction can be generated. With this mechanism, we developed a new approach for facile elicitation of antibodies binding to specific epitopes of the antigen in vivo. Antibody responses were directed and enriched to the target epitopes on protein antigens or peptide-KLH conjugates after mouse immunization with the AcrK or Kcr-incorporated immunogens. The effect is so prominent that the majority of selected hits bind to the target epitope. Furthermore, the epitope-specific antibodies effectively block IL-1β from activating its receptor, indicating its potential for the development of protein subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College
of Life Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College
of Life Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Longxin Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Molecular
Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Weiping Wu
- Suzhou
Institute for Biomedical Research, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215028, China
| | - Chengxiang Li
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College
of Life Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College
of Life Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuqin Xiang
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College
of Life Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shengwang Dai
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College
of Life Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jay Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Suzhou
Institute for Biomedical Research, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215028, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Suzhou
Institute for Biomedical Research, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215028, China
- Beijing
Translational Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yinjian Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing
Translational Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Suzhou
Institute for Biomedical Research, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215028, China
- Beijing
Translational Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Beijing 100101, China
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Mashitah MW, Azizah N, Samsu N, Indra MR, Bilal M, Yunisa MV, Arisanti AD. Immunization of AGE-modified albumin inhibits diabetic nephropathy progression in diabetic mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2015; 8:347-55. [PMID: 26346342 PMCID: PMC4531026 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s86332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious vascular complication of diabetes and an important cause of end-stage renal disease. One mechanism by which hyperglycemia causes nephropathy is through the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE). Development of vaccination would be a promising therapy for the future, while to date, anti-AGE therapy is based on medicines that are needed to be consumed lifelong. This study aimed to find out the effect of immunization of AGE-modified albumin against DN pathogenesis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic in mice. METHODS We used 24 BALB/c male mice as experimental animals, which were divided into six groups, two nondiabetic groups (negative control and AGE-modified bovine serum albumin [BSA] preimmunized groups) and four streptozotocin-induced diabetic groups (diabetic control group and diabetic preimmunized groups for AGE-BSA, Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), and AGE-BSA-KLH, respectively). RESULTS Diabetic preimmunized groups for AGE-BSA, KLH, and AGE-BSA-KLH showed amelioration in renal function and histopathology compared with the diabetic control group. Preimmunization also maintained nephrin intensity and decreased serum AGE level, kidney AGE deposition, and kidney cells apoptosis. CONCLUSION AGE-BSA and AGE-BSA-KLH immunizations inhibit the progression of DN. Our results strengthen the evidence that the anti-AGE antibodies have a protective role against diabetic vascular complication, especially DN. This study provides a basis for the development of DN-based immunotherapy with AGE immunization as a potential candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurona Azizah
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Nur Samsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Rasjad Indra
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Meti Verdian Yunisa
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Amildya Dwi Arisanti
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
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Shcheglova T, Makker S, Tramontano A. Reactive immunization suppresses advanced glycation and mitigates diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20:1012-9. [PMID: 19389854 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2008050555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Agents that inhibit glycation end products by reducing the carbonyl load from glycation and glycoxidation are an emerging pharmacologic approach to treat complications of diabetes. We previously demonstrated that antibodies generated to the glycoprotein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) can cross-link with reactive carbonyl residues on protein conjugates. Here, we immunized streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with KLH to assess the capacity of the elicited antibodies to intercept carbonyl residues on glycated proteins and to mitigate glycation-related pathology. Compared with diabetic rats immunized with adjuvant alone, KLH-immunized diabetic rats had decreased levels of glycated peptides in sera and demonstrated a reduction in albuminuria, proteinuria, deposition of glycation end products in the kidney, and histologic damage. In vitro, low molecular weight glycated peptides from rat serum reacted with anti-KLH antibodies at a faster rate than normal IgG and selectively modified the lambda chains. The reaction products contained peptide sequences from type I collagen alpha chain, albumin, and LDL receptor-related protein. These adduction reactions were inhibited by free KLH and by reduction of glycated peptides with borohydride. In summary, these results suggest that inherent reactivity of Ig light chains provides a natural mechanism for the removal of cytotoxic glycation products. This reactivity can be augmented by glycoprotein-specific reactive immunization, a potential biopharmaceutical approach to glycation-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Shcheglova
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, Medical School, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Trisler K, Looger LL, Sharma V, Baker M, Benson DE, Trauger S, Schultz PG, Smider VV. A Metalloantibody That Irreversibly Binds a Protein Antigen. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:26344-53. [PMID: 17617633 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m704675200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody affinity is critically important in therapeutic applications, as well as steady state diagnostic assays. Picomolar affinity antibodies, approaching the association limit of protein-protein interactions, have been discovered for highly potent antigens, but even such high-affinity binders have off-rates sufficient to negate therapeutic efficacy. To cross this affinity threshold, antibodies that tether their targets in a manner other than reversible non-covalent interaction will be required. Here we report the design and construction of an antibody that forms an irreversible complex with a protein antigen in a metal-dependent reaction. The complex resists thermal and chemical denaturation, as well as attempts to remove the coordinating metal ion. Such irreversibly binding antibodies could facilitate the development of next generation "reactive antibody" therapeutics and diagnostics.
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