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Li X, Zhang B, Zhang D, Liu S, Ren J. The construction of recombinant Lactobacillus casei vaccine of PEDV and its immune responses in mice. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:184. [PMID: 33947419 PMCID: PMC8097780 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a contagious intestinal disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and dehydration, which have caused huge economic losses around the world. At present, vaccine immunity is still the most effective method to control the spread of PED. In this study, we have constructed a novel recombinant L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS strain expressing PEDVS protein of PEDV and OMP16 protein of Brucella abortus strain. To know the immunogenicity of the recombinant L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS candidate vaccine, it was compared with BL21-OMP16-PEDVS-F, BL21-OMP16-PEDVS, and BL21-PEDVS recombinant protein. RESULTS The results showed that we could detect higher levels of IgG, neutralizing antibody, IL-4, IL-10, and INF-γ in serum and IgA in feces of L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS immunized mice, which indicated that L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS candidate vaccine could induce higher levels of humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and mucosal immunity. CONCLUSION Therefore, L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS is a promising candidate vaccine for prophylaxis of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Li
- Swine Research Institute of New Hope Group, Tai'an, China
- Shandong Swine Herd Health Big Data and Intelligent Monitoring Engineering Laboratory, Tai'an, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Bingzhou Zhang
- Swine Research Institute of New Hope Group, Tai'an, China
- Shandong Swine Herd Health Big Data and Intelligent Monitoring Engineering Laboratory, Tai'an, China
| | | | - Sidang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Jing Ren
- Shandong Swine Herd Health Big Data and Intelligent Monitoring Engineering Laboratory, Tai'an, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China.
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Guo M, Yi S, Guo Y, Zhang S, Niu J, Wang K, Hu G. Construction of a Recombinant Lactococcus lactis Strain Expressing a Variant Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus S1 Gene and Its Immunogenicity Analysis in Mice. Viral Immunol 2019; 32:144-150. [PMID: 30855219 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2018.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious disease in newborn piglets. The spike (S) protein is the surface glycoprotein of PEDV, which can induce specific neutralization antibodies and is a candidate antigen for vaccination attempts. In our study, the S1 region of PEDV strain CH/JLDH/2016 spike gene was inserted into the Lactococcus lactis expression vector, pNZ8149, resulting in recombinant plasmid pNZ8149-S1, and the immunogenicity of recombinant L. lactis pNZ8149-S1/NZ3900 was evaluated in mice. After immunization, significantly higher levels of anti-PEDV serum IgG antibodies and mucosal sIgA antibodies were detected in mice orally administered with pNZ8149-S1/NZ3900, compared with control groups pNZ8149/NZ3900, NZ3900, and phosphate buffered saline (p < 0.01). Lymphocyte proliferation assay results showed that the recombinant L. lactis pNZ8149-S1/NZ3900 significantly stimulated the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes (p < 0.01). In addition, the recombinant L. lactis vaccine could induce high levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in immunized mice (p < 0.01). The results of our study suggest that the recombinant L. lactis pNZ8149-S1/NZ3900 can provide a promising vaccine strategy against PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Guo
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shushuai Yi
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanbing Guo
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,2 Jilin Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiangting Niu
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Wang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Guixue Hu
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Meng F, Ren Y, Suo S, Sun X, Li X, Li P, Yang W, Li G, Li L, Schwegmann-Wessels C, Herrler G, Ren X. Evaluation on the efficacy and immunogenicity of recombinant DNA plasmids expressing spike genes from porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57468. [PMID: 23526943 PMCID: PMC3602451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PDEV) can cause severe diarrhea in pigs. Development of effective vaccines against TGEV and PEDV is one of important prevention measures. The spike (S) protein is the surface glycoprotein of TGEV and PEDV, which can induce specific neutralization antibodies and is a candidate antigen for vaccination attempts. In this study, the open reading frames of the TGEV S1 protein and in addition of the S or S1 proteins of PEDV were inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector, pIRES, resulting in recombinant plasmids, pIRES-(TGEV-S1-PEDV-S1) and pIRES-(TGEV-S1-PEDV-S). Subsequently, 6-8 weeks old Kunming mice were inoculated with both DNA plasmids. Lymphocyte proliferation assay, virus neutralization assay, IFN-γ assay and CTL activity assay were performed. TGEV/PEDV specific antibody responses as well as kinetic changes of T lymphocyte subgroups of the immunized mice were analyzed. The results showed that the recombinant DNA plasmids increased the proliferation of T lymphocytes and the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subgroups. In addition, the DNA vaccines induced a high level of IFN-γ in the immunized mice. The specific CTL activity in the pIRES-(TGEV-S1-PEDV-S) group became significant at 42 days post-immunization. At 35 days post-immunization, the recombinant DNA plasmids bearing full-length S genes of TGEV and PEDV stimulated higher levels of specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies in immunized mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Coronavirus Infections/veterinary
- DNA, Recombinant/genetics
- DNA, Recombinant/immunology
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- DNA, Viral/immunology
- Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine/immunology
- Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine/prevention & control
- Genes, Viral
- Interferon-gamma/blood
- Interleukin-4/blood
- Mice
- Plasmids/genetics
- Plasmids/immunology
- Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus/genetics
- Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus/immunology
- Swine
- Swine Diseases/immunology
- Swine Diseases/prevention & control
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Transmissible gastroenteritis virus/genetics
- Transmissible gastroenteritis virus/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/genetics
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Fandan Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yudong Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Siqingaowa Suo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuejiao Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xunliang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Pengchong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangxing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Georg Herrler
- Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Ishida W, Fukuda K, Kajisako M, Sumi T, Matsuda H, Yagita H, Fukushima A. B and T lymphocyte attenuator regulates the development of antigen-induced experimental conjunctivitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011; 250:289-95. [PMID: 21779950 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-011-1695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the roles that B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) and herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) play in the development of antigen-induced experimental conjunctivitis (EC). METHODS BALB/c mice were immunized with ragweed (RW) in alum. Ten days later, the mice were challenged with RW in eye drops. After 24 hours, the conjunctivas, blood and spleens were collected for histological analysis, measurement of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, and both flow cytometric analysis and cytokine assays, respectively. The mice were injected intraperitoneally with anti-BTLA antibody, anti-HVEM antibody or control antibody during either induction phase or effector phase. RESULTS Induction-phase treatment with anti-BTLA antibody but not anti-HVEM antibody significantly increased conjunctival eosinophil infiltration. Treatment with either antibody during the effector phase did not affect conjunctival eosinophil infiltration. Anti-BTLA antibody treatment during the induction phase reduced the B cell compartment and increased the CD11b-positive cell compartment in splenocytes. Additionally, anti-BTLA treatment upregulated IL-4 and IL-10 production of splenocytes stimulated by RW. CONCLUSIONS BTLA regulated the development of EC possibly by downregulating Th2 cytokine production and adjusting the compartments of immunocompetent cells. The regulation of EC by BTLA may be mediated by BTLA ligands other than HVEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waka Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Genetics and epidemiology. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 8:489-93. [PMID: 18769207 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32830f1c83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Immune regulatory mechanisms in allergic conjunctivitis: insights from mouse models. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 8:472-6. [PMID: 18769204 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32830edbcb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review highlights recent findings regarding the immune regulation of allergic conjunctivitis. Mouse models have facilitated prospective studies that have not been possible in patients. The availability of gene knockout mice and the wealth of monoclonal antibodies have permitted exquisite dissection of the pathophysiology and immune regulation of allergic conjunctivitis. RECENT FINDINGS New insights have emerged in three areas: role of costimulatory molecules in the induction of Th2 immune responses; crucial role of IFN-gamma in the expression of allergic conjunctivitis; and the function of T regulatory cells in shaping conjunctival inflammation once the immune response has been initiated. SUMMARY Allergic conjunctivitis involves early phase and late phase reactions. The early phase reaction is IgE antibody-dependent, whereas the late phase reaction is IgE-independent and is mediated by inflammatory cells, especially eosinophils. Recent studies on mouse models of allergic conjunctivitis have provided important insights into the immune regulation of both the early phase reaction and late phase reaction of allergic conjunctivitis. Mounting evidence suggests that IFN-gamma is crucial for optimum expression of allergic conjunctivitis. Costimulatory molecules influence the induction of Th2 immune responses and the early phase reaction, whereas regulatory T cells shape the expression of the late phase reaction of allergic conjunctivitis.
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CD27 and CD70 do not play a critical role in the development of experimental allergic conjunctivitis in mice. Immunol Lett 2008; 119:91-6. [PMID: 18579220 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Revised: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CD27, which belongs to the TNF receptor family, is a costimulatory molecule that participates in T-cell activation. Unlike costimulatory molecules such as OX40 and 4-1BB, little is known about the role CD27 plays a role in the development of experimental diseases. We asked whether CD27 and its ligand CD70 participate in the development of experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EC) in BALB/c mice, which is generated by immunization with ragweed (RW) in alum and challenged 10 days later with RW in eye drops. The roles of CD27 and CD70 were tested by intraperitoneally injecting the mice with anti-CD27, anti-CD70 or a control Ab during the induction or effector phase. Twenty-four hours after challenge, the conjunctivas, blood and spleens were harvested for histological analysis, measuring Ig levels and cytokine analysis, respectively. Regardless of when the mice were treated, anti-CD27 or anti-CD70 Ab treatment did not significantly affect the severity of EC as evaluated by conjunctival eosinophil numbers. However, anti-CD27 or anti-CD70 Ab treatment during the induction phase did significantly modulate systemic humoral and cellular immune responses. In vitro treatment of RW-primed splenocytes with anti-CD27 or anti-CD70 Ab did not affect the EC-inducing capability of the splenocytes. Taken together, CD27 and CD70 do not play a critical role in the development of EC.
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Leonardi A, De Dominicis C, Motterle L. Immunopathogenesis of ocular allergy: a schematic approach to different clinical entities. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 7:429-35. [PMID: 17873584 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e3282ef8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The immunopathogenesis of ocular allergic disorders is generally related to the specific immunoglobulin E-mediated mast cell activation and the following cascade of inflammatory mediators. Seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis, however, are the only ocular diseases to involve solely type I hypersensitivity. The other main forms, vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis, have a more complex immunological basis and a chronic inflammatory component. Involvement of inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils and T cells, cytokines and proteases can lead to more serious corneal damage with vision-threatening potential. RECENT FINDINGS Experimental allergic conjunctival models and clinical research studies have shown that T helper type 2-related mechanisms are definitely involved in the sensitization phase of ocular allergy, however, both T helper type 1 and type 2 cytokines are overexpressed in the active disease, contributing to the development of ocular inflammation. SUMMARY A review of the recent literature allows us to better understand the mechanisms involved in the development of ocular allergy and to guide us toward a more schematic approach, which could possibly be useful in forming a new classification, standardizing clinical phases and individuating new treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Leonardi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Italy.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 7:454-5. [PMID: 17873589 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e3282f0cf23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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