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Meng YW, Liu JY. Pathological and pharmacological functions of the metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids mediated by cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, and cytochrome P450s in cancers. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 256:108612. [PMID: 38369063 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Oxylipins have garnered increasing attention because they were consistently shown to play pathological and/or pharmacological roles in the development of multiple cancers. Oxylipins are the metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids via both enzymatic and nonenzymatic pathways. The enzymes mediating the metabolism of PUFAs include but not limited to lipoxygenases (LOXs), cyclooxygenases (COXs), and cytochrome P450s (CYPs) pathways, as well as the down-stream enzymes. Here, we systematically summarized the pleiotropic effects of oxylipins in different cancers through pathological and pharmacological aspects, with specific reference to the enzyme-mediated oxylipins. We discussed the specific roles of oxylipins on cancer onset, growth, invasion, and metastasis, as well as the expression changes in the associated metabolic enzymes and the associated underlying mechanisms. In addition, we also discussed the clinical application and potential of oxylipins and related metabolic enzymes as the targets for cancer prevention and treatment. We found the specific function of most oxylipins in cancers, especially the underlying mechanisms and clinic applications, deserves and needs further investigation. We believe that research on oxylipins will provide not only more therapeutic targets for various cancers but also dietary guidance for both cancer patients and healthy humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Meng
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Anesthesia of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Anesthesia of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China; College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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2
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Chen R, Li J, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhao X, Li N, Liu W, Liu C, Zhou P, Chen Y, Yan S, Song L, Yan H, Zhao H. Prognostic impacts of Lipoxin A4 in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A prospective cohort study. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106618. [PMID: 36549409 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is one of the specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators proved to suppress the progression of atherosclerosis in vivo, but its clinical impacts in atherosclerotic patients is unclear. In this study, we assessed the prognostic impacts of LXA4 in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A total of 1569 consecutive AMI patients were prospectively recruited from March 2017 to January 2020. Plasma samples of AMI patients were collected, and LXA4 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), a composite of all-cause death, recurrent MI, ischemic stroke, or ischemia-driven revascularization. Cox regression was used to assess associations between LXA4 and clinical outcomes. Overall, the median level of LXA4 was 5.637 (3.047-9.014) ng/mL for AMI patients. During a median follow-up of 786 (726-1108) days, high LXA4 (≥ 5.637 ng/mL) was associated with lower risk of MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-0.89, P = 0.002), which was sustained in propensity score matching (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60-0.90, P = 0.004) and inverse probability weighting analysis (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.90, P = 0.002). Combined with pro-inflammatory biomarker, patients with high levels of LXA4 (≥ 5.637 ng/mL) but low levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (< 5.7 mg/L) acquired the lowest risk of MACE (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.92, P = 0.012). In sum, high levels of LXA4 were associated with lower risk of recurrent ischemic events for AMI patients, which could serve as new therapeutic target to tackle cardiovascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinying Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weida Liu
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaodi Yan
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Yan
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hanjun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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The Impact of Resolution of Inflammation on Tumor Microenvironment: Exploring New Ways to Control Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143333. [PMID: 35884394 PMCID: PMC9316558 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The evolution of cancer is strongly influenced by the context in which tumor cells develop and grow, known as the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is constituted of a set of cells with different natures, which can produce various factors or interact with cancer cells, thus favoring or inhibiting cancer growth. Specific factors with the ability to shape the TME, in order to create an unfavorable context for tumor cells, are the Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs). SPMs are small lipid molecules derived from ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, exerting the physiologic role of dampening the inflammatory responses and helping tissues to regain their homeostasis after insults. Here, we present the knowledge relative to the action of SPMs on each component of the TME and its effects on tumor growth and progression. These summarized findings highlight novel potential strategies to manage cancer progression. Abstract Non-resolving inflammation is an enabling feature of cancer. A novel super-family of lipid mediators termed Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) have a role as bioactive molecules mediating the resolution of inflammation in cancer biology. SPMs are derived from ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids through the activity of lipoxygenases. SPMs have been described to directly modulate cancer progression by interfering with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasion of cancer cells. SPMs have also been demonstrated to act on several components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consistently with their natural immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, SPMs are able to reprogram macrophages to favor phagocytosis of cell debris, which are an important source of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic signals; sustain a direct cytotoxic immune response against cancer cells; stimulate neutrophils anti-tumor activities; and inhibit the development of regulatory T and B cells, thus indirectly leading to enhanced anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, the resolution pathways exert crucial anti-angiogenic functions in lung, liver, and gastrointestinal cancers, and inhibit cancer-associated fibroblast differentiation and functions in hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. The present review will be focused on the potential protective effects of resolution pathways against cancer, exerted by modulating different components of the TME.
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Das UN. Arachidonic Acid as Mechanotransducer of Renin Cell Baroreceptor. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040749. [PMID: 35215399 PMCID: PMC8874622 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For normal maintenance of blood pressure and blood volume a well-balanced renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) is necessary. For this purpose, renin is secreted as the situation demands by the juxtaglomerular cells (also called as granular cells) that are in the walls of the afferent arterioles. Juxtaglomerular cells can sense minute changes in the blood pressure and blood volume and accordingly synthesize, store, and secrete appropriate amounts of renin. Thus, when the blood pressure and blood volume are decreased JGA cells synthesize and secrete higher amounts of renin and when the blood pressure and blood volume is increased the synthesis and secretion of renin is decreased such that homeostasis is restored. To decipher this important function, JGA cells (renin cells) need to sense and transmit the extracellular physical forces to their chromatin to control renin gene expression for appropriate renin synthesis. The changes in perfusion pressure are sensed by Integrin β1 that is transmitted to the renin cell’s nucleus via lamin A/C that produces changes in the architecture of the chromatin. This results in an alteration (either increase or decrease) in renin gene expression. Cell membrane is situated in an unique location since all stimuli need to be transmitted to the cell nucleus and messages from the DNA to the cell external environment can be conveyed only through it. This implies that cell membrane structure and integrity is essential for all cellular functions. Cell membrane is composed to proteins and lipids. The lipid components of the cell membrane regulate its (cell membrane) fluidity and the way the messages are transmitted between the cell and its environment. Of all the lipids present in the membrane, arachidonic acid (AA) forms an important constituent. In response to pressure and other stimuli, cellular and nuclear shape changes occur that render nucleus to act as an elastic mechanotransducer that produces not only changes in cell shape but also in its dynamic behavior. Cell shape changes in response to external pressure(s) result(s) in the activation of cPLA2 (cytosolic phospholipase 2)-AA pathway that stretches to recruit myosin II which produces actin-myosin cytoskeleton contractility. Released AA can undergo peroxidation and peroxidized AA binds to DNA to regulate the expression of several genes. Alterations in the perfusion pressure in the afferent arterioles produces parallel changes in the renin cell membrane leading to changes in renin release. AA and its metabolic products regulate not only the release of renin but also changes in the vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) expression in renal sensory nerves. Thus, AA and its metabolites function as intermediate/mediator molecules in transducing changes in perfusion and mechanical pressures that involves nuclear mechanotransduction mechanism. This mechanotransducer function of AA has relevance to the synthesis and release of insulin, neurotransmitters, and other soluble mediators release by specialized and non-specialized cells. Thus, AA plays a critical role in diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, sepsis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St., Battle Ground, WA 98604, USA
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5
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Julliard WA, Myo YPA, Perelas A, Jackson PD, Thatcher TH, Sime PJ. Specialized pro-resolving mediators as modulators of immune responses. Semin Immunol 2022; 59:101605. [PMID: 35660338 PMCID: PMC9962762 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are endogenous small molecules produced mainly from dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by both structural cells and cells of the active and innate immune systems. Specialized pro-resolving mediators have been shown to both limit acute inflammation and promote resolution and return to homeostasis following infection or injury. There is growing evidence that chronic immune disorders are characterized by deficiencies in resolution and SPMs have significant potential as novel therapeutics to prevent and treat chronic inflammation and immune system disorders. This review focuses on important breakthroughs in understanding how SPMs are produced by, and act on, cells of the adaptive immune system, specifically macrophages, B cells and T cells. We also highlight recent evidence demonstrating the potential of SPMs as novel therapeutic agents in topics including immunization, autoimmune disease and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walker A Julliard
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA
| | - Yu Par Aung Myo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA
| | - Apostolos Perelas
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA
| | - Peter D. Jackson
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA
| | - Thomas H. Thatcher
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Lipoxin A4-Mediated p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway Protects Mice Against Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:346-365. [PMID: 33221976 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-10016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the article was to study the mechanism of Lipoxin A4 (LXA4)-mediated p38 MAPK pathway protecting mice against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The impact of LXA4 (0, 5, 10, 15 nM) on synoviocytes proliferation of CIA mice was detected using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. CIA mice were treated with LXA4, SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor), and/or anisomycin (a p38 agonist), and the arthritis severity score in each mouse was determined. The gene or protein expressions were detected with Western Blotting, ELISA, or qRT-PCR. LXA4 inhibited the synoviocytes proliferation of CIA mice with decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ and reduced p-p38/total p38 expression in synoviocytes in a dose-dependent manner. LXA4 levels were decreased in synovial tissues and plasma of CIA mice, but p-p38/total p38 expression was increased in synovial tissues. LXA4 could downregulate p-p38/total p38 expression in synovial tissues of CIA mice. Both LXA4 and SB203580 reduced arthritis severity score of CIA mice with the reduction of synovial tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration. CIA mice treated with LXA4 and SB203580 had lower levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, accompanying decreased MDA as well as increased SOD, CAT,and GPx. However, anisomycin could reverse the protect effects of LXA4 on CIA mice regarding the abovementioned inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indexes. LXA4 protected mice against collagen-induced arthritis via inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling pathway, which may be a potential new therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis.
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7
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Zhang T, Hao H, Zhou XY. The role of lipoxin in regulating tumor immune microenvironments. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 144:106341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ba F, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Wu C, Xu S, Wu L, Li J, Yin Y, Gu X. Lipoxin A4 ameliorates alveolar fluid clearance disturbance in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury via aquaporin 5 and MAPK signaling pathway. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:3599-3608. [PMID: 31559067 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.08.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background A characteristic of acute lung injury (ALI) is the inflammatory damage of alveolar fluid transport. Lipoxins are endogenous lipids involving in the resolution of inflammation. It is found that lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has the distinct properties to improve the anti-edema and pro-resolution function in inflammation. Since aquaporins (AQPs) have essential roles in the integrity of barrier function during fluid transport, especially AQP5 in the maintaining of the epithelium permeability, the current study is aimed to evaluate the potential role of LXA4 in regulating alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) during fluid transport and the corresponding change of AQP5 in the lung. Methods ALI was induced by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intraperitoneal injection, and LXA4 treatment was given 8 hours after LPS administration. We investigated changes in the capacity of AFC, pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the severity of ALI. Then AQP5 expression in lung tissue and potential regulatory pathways in LPS-induced ALI was explored. Results LXA4 treatment was found to inhibit AFC capacity, inflammatory cytokine release, partially, alleviate ALI severity, and restored AQP5 expression partially. Additionally, we found that LXA4 played a protective role by the inhibition of the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. Conclusions In summary, our results suggest that LXA4 plays a protective role in lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI by restoring AFC capacity and upregulating AQP5 expression and inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. These findings suggest potential new mechanism of LXA4 as anti-inflammation therapy for the impairment of alveolar fluid transport in ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ba
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Cen Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Shenqian Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Liqin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jiayang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yan Yin
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiu Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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Wei J, Gronert K. Eicosanoid and Specialized Proresolving Mediator Regulation of Lymphoid Cells. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 44:214-225. [PMID: 30477730 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids and specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) regulate leukocyte function and inflammation. They are ideally positioned at the interface of the innate and adaptive immune responses when lymphocytes interact with leukocytes. Receptors for leukotriene B4 (LTB4), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and SPMs are expressed on lymphocytes. Evidence points toward an essential role of these lipid mediators (LMs) in direct regulation of lymphocyte functions. SPMs, which include lipoxins, demonstrate comprehensive protective actions with lymphocytes. LTB4 and PGE2 regulation of lymphocytes is diverse and depends on the interaction of lymphocytes with other cells. Importantly, both LTB4 and PGE2 are essential regulators of T cell antitumor activity. These LMs are attractive therapeutic targets to control dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses, promote lymphocyte antitumor activity, and prevent tumor immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wei
- Vision Science Program, School of Optometry, Infectious Disease and Immunity Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Karsten Gronert
- Vision Science Program, School of Optometry, Infectious Disease and Immunity Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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10
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Zhang LY, Jia MR, Sun T. The roles of special proresolving mediators in pain relief. Rev Neurosci 2018; 29:645-660. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The resolution of acute inflammation, once thought to be a passive process, is now recognized as an active one. The productions of endogenous special proresolving mediators (SPMs) are involved in this process. SPMs, including lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, are endogenous lipid mediators generated from ω-6 arachidonic acid or ω-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids during the resolution phase of acute inflammation. They have potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving actions in various inflammatory disorders. Due to the potent proresolving and anti-inflammatory effects, SPMs are also used for pain relief. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which SPMs act on their respective G-protein-coupled receptors in immune cells and nerve cells to normalize pain via regulating inflammatory mediators, transient receptor potential ion channels, and central sensitization. SPMs may offer novel therapeutic approaches for preventing and treating pain conditions associated with inflammation.
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Duffney PF, Falsetta ML, Rackow AR, Thatcher TH, Phipps RP, Sime PJ. Key roles for lipid mediators in the adaptive immune response. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:2724-2731. [PMID: 30108196 DOI: 10.1172/jci97951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is an underlying feature of many diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and multiple sclerosis. There is an increasing appreciation of the dysregulation of adaptive immunity in chronic inflammatory and allergic diseases. The discovery of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) that actively promote the resolution of inflammation has opened new avenues for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Much work has been done focusing on the impact of SPMs on innate immune cells. However, much less is known about the influence of SPMs on the development of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses. This Review highlights the important breakthroughs concerning the effects of SPMs on the key cell types involved in the development of adaptive immunity, namely dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker F Duffney
- Department of Environmental Medicine.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, and
| | - Megan L Falsetta
- Department of Environmental Medicine.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, and
| | - Ashley R Rackow
- Department of Environmental Medicine.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, and
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Lung Biology and Disease Program, and.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, and.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Environmental Medicine.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, and.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
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12
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Choi KC, Son YO, Hwang JM, Kim BT, Chae M, Lee JC. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-septic potential of phenolic acids and flavonoid fractions isolated from Lolium multiflorum. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:611-619. [PMID: 27937124 PMCID: PMC6130696 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1266673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Interest has recently renewed in using Lolium multiflorum Lam. (Poaceae) (called Italian ryegrass; IRG) silage as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory diet. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-septic potential of IRG silage and identified the primary components in IRG active fractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total 16 fractions were separated from the chloroform-soluble extract of IRG aerial part using Sephadex LH-20 column before HPLC analysis. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the fractions at doses of 0-100 μg/mL were investigated using various cell-free and cell-mediated assay systems. To explore anti-septic effect of IRG fractions, female ICR and BALB/c mice orally received 40 mg/kg of phenolic acid and flavonoid-rich active fractions F7 and F8 every other day for 10 days, respectively, followed by LPS challenge. RESULTS The active fractions showed greater antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential compared with other fractions. IC50 values of F7 and F8 to reduce LPS-stimulated NO and TNF-α production were around 15 and 30 μg/mL, respectively. Comparison of retention times with authentic compounds through HPLC analysis revealed the presence of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, myricetin and kaempferol in the fractions as primary components. These fractions inhibited LPS-stimulated MAPK and NF-κB activation. Supplementation with F7 or F8 improved the survival rates of mice to 70 and 60%, respectively, in LPS-injected mice and reduced near completely serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study highlights antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-septic activities of IRG active fractions, eventually suggesting their usefulness in preventing oxidative damage and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Choon Choi
- Grassland and Forages Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Young-Ok Son
- Cell Dynamics Research Center and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jung-Min Hwang
- Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Beom-Tae Kim
- Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Minseon Chae
- Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- CONTACT Jeong-Chae LeeInstitute of Oral Biosciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju54896, South Korea
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Cata JP, Velasquez JF, Ramirez MF, Vauthey JN, Gottumukkala V, Conrad C, Kim BJ, Aloia T. Inflammation and pro-resolution inflammation after hepatobiliary surgery. World J Surg Oncol 2017; 15:152. [PMID: 28807031 PMCID: PMC5556621 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The magnitude of the perioperative inflammatory response plays a role in surgical outcomes. However, few studies have explored the mechanisms of the resolution of inflammation in the context of surgery. Here, we described the temporal kinetics of interleukin-6, cortisol, lipoxin A4, and resolvin D in patients who underwent oncologic liver resections. Methods All patients gave written informed consent. Demographic and perioperative surgical data were collected, along with blood samples, before surgery and on the mornings of postoperative days 1, 3, and 5. Interleukin-6, cortisol, lipoxin-A4, and resolvin D were measured in plasma. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Forty-one patients were included in the study. Liver resection for colorectal metastatic disease was the most commonly performed surgery. The plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 were highest on day 1 after surgery and remained higher than the baseline up to postoperative day 1. Postoperative complications occurred in 14 (24%) patients. Cortisol concentrations spiked on postoperative day 1. The concentrations of lipoxin A4 and resolvin D were lowest on day 1 after surgery. Conclusions The inflammatory response associated with hepatobiliary surgery is associated with low circulating concentrations of lipoxin A4 and resolvin D that mirror, in an opposite manner, the kinetics of interleukin 6 and cortisol. Trial registration NCT01438476
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | | | - Maria F Ramirez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vijaya Gottumukkala
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Claudius Conrad
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bradford J Kim
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Aloia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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