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Natallia L, Dama A, Gorica E, Darya K, Peña-Corona SI, Cortés H, Santini A, Büsselberg D, Leyva-Gómez G, Sharifi-Rad J. Genipin's potential as an anti-cancer agent: from phytochemical origins to clinical prospects. Med Oncol 2024; 41:186. [PMID: 38918260 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted aspects of genipin, a bioactive compound derived from medicinal plants, focusing on its anti-cancer potential. The review begins by detailing the sources and phytochemical properties of genipin, underscoring its significance in traditional medicine and its transition into contemporary cancer research. It then explores the intricate relationship between genipin's chemical structure and its observed anti-cancer activity, highlighting the molecular underpinnings contributing to its therapeutic potential. This is complemented by a thorough analysis of preclinical studies, which investigates genipin's efficacy against various cancer cell lines and its mechanisms of action at the cellular level. A crucial component of the review is the examination of genipin's bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, providing insights into how the compound is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body. Then, this review offers a general and updated overview of the anti-cancer studies of genipin and its derivatives based on its basic molecular mechanisms, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and disruption of cancer cell signaling pathways. We include information that complements the genipin study, such as toxicity data, and we differentiate this review by including commercial status, disposition, and regulation. Also, this review of genipin stands out for incorporating information on proposals for a technological approach through its load in nanotechnology to improve its bioavailability. The culmination of this information positions genipin as a promising candidate for developing novel anti-cancer drugs capable of supplementing or enhancing current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lapava Natallia
- Medicine Standardization Department of Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus.
| | - Aida Dama
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Zogu I Blvd., 1001, Tirana, Albania
| | - Era Gorica
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Zogu I Blvd., 1001, Tirana, Albania
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karaliova Darya
- Medicine Standardization Department of Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ma J, Zhao M, Wang Y, Lv L, Qin L, Ling X, Sun J, Liu J, Long F. Se-rich tea polysaccharide extracted by high hydrostatic pressure attenuated anaphylaxis by improving gut microbiota and metabolic regulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132128. [PMID: 38723807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Selenium-rich tea polysaccharides (Se-TPS) were extracted via high hydrostatic pressure technology with a pressure of 400 MPa (200-500 MPa) for 10 min (3-20 min) at a material-to-solvent ratio of 1:40 (1:20-1:50). Subsequently, Se-TPS1-4 were isolated and purified, with Se-TPS3-4 as the main components. A spectral analysis proved that Se, which has antioxidant activity, existed. An in vitro study found that among Se-TPS, Se-TPS3-4 attenuated the release of β-hexosaminidase, histamine, and interleukin (IL)-4. Furthermore, in vivo experiments revealed that treatment with Se-TPS downregulated IL-4 levels and upregulated TGF-β and interferon-γ levels to improve imbalanced Th1/Th2 immunity in tropomyosin-sensitized mice. Moreover, Se-TPS promoted Lactobacillus and norank_f_Muribaculaceaek growth and upregulated metabolites such as genipin and coniferyl alcohol. Overall, these results showed the strong anti-allergy potential of Se-TPS by regulating mast cell-mediated allergic inflammatory responses and microbiota regulation, highlighting the potential of Se-TPS as a novel therapeutic agent to regulate allergy-associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mengya Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Liuqing Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Liping Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoling Ling
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Fangyu Long
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Lee SJ, Lee AY, Pak SW, Kim WI, Yang YG, Lim JO, Chae SW, Cho YK, Kim JC, Moon BC, Seo YS, Shin IS. Protective effects of Angelica decursiva Franchet & Savatier on allergic responses through enhancement of Nrf2 and suppression of NF-kB/MMP-9 in ovalbumin-exposed mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116863. [PMID: 37423516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Angelica decursiva Franchet & Savatier is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat asthma, cough, headache, pyrexia and thick phlegm in China, Japan and Korea. A. decursiva contains many types of coumarins, which can exert several pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties for treating various diseases such as pneumonitis, atopic dermatitis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we analyzed the components of A. decursiva ethanol extract (ADE) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and investigated the therapeutic effects of ADE against allergic asthma using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW264.7 cells and an ovalbumin (OVA)-exposed allergic asthma model. To elucidate the mechanism of action of ADE, we examined the protein expression through network pharmacological analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS To establish asthma model, the mice were sensitized on day 0 and 14 via intraperitoneal injection of OVA with aluminum hydroxide. The mice were inhaled with OVA using an ultrasonic nebulizer on day 21, 22 and 23. ADE (50 and 100 mg/kg) was administered to mice by oral gave form day 18-23. On day 24, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was measured using flexivent. On day 25, the mice were sacrificed and collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF), serum and lung tissue. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell, nitric oxide and cytokines were measured. Additionally, expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) and suppression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB were detected using double-immunofluorescence. RESULTS We detected the five coumarin components which included nodakenin, umbelliferon, (-)-marmesin (=nodakenetin), bergapten, and decursin, in ADE by high performance liquid chromatography. Treatment with ADE decreased the production of nitric oxide, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells accompanied by the enhanced expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) and suppression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB. In the asthma model, the administration of ADE reduced inflammatory cell count and airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA-exposed animals with decreased levels of IL-4, IL-13, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E. These results were accompanied by the reduction of pulmonary inflammation and mucus secretion. Furthermore, ADE administration inhibited the expression of NF-κB and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in OVA-exposed animals, which was consistent with the results of network pharmacological analysis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that ADE effectively attenuated allergic inflammation induced by OVA inhalation through the enhancement of Nrf2 expression and suppression of NF-κB expression. Therefore, ADE may be a potential therapeutic agent for controlling asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yong-bong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 177 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeonnam, 58245, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of BioMedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon-si, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yong-bong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yong-bong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea-Gin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yong-bong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Oh Lim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 177 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeonnam, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wook Chae
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea; Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 30 Baekhak1-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 53212, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Cho
- College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, 298 Daesung-ro, Sangdang-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yong-bong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Cheol Moon
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 177 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeonnam, 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Soo Seo
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 177 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeonnam, 58245, Republic of Korea; Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 30 Baekhak1-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 53212, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yong-bong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Jaafar A, Zulkipli MA, Mohd Hatta FH, Jahidin AH, Abdul Nasir NA, Hazizul Hasan M. Therapeutic potentials of iridoids derived from Rubiaceae against in vitro and in vivo inflammation: A scoping review. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101876. [PMID: 38226349 PMCID: PMC10788517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation may develop into chronic, life-threatening inflammation-related diseases if left untreated or if there are persistent triggering factors. Cancer, diabetes mellitus, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders are some of the inflammation-related diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite that, conventional medical therapy such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with serious adverse effects; hence, there is an urgent need for a newer and safer therapeutic alternative from natural sources. Iridoids are naturally occurring heterocyclic monoterpenoids commonly found in Rubiaceae plants. Plant extracts from the Rubiaceae family were demonstrated to have medicinal benefits against neurodegeneration, inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, and cancer. However, the therapeutic effects of natural iridoids derived from Rubiaceae as well as their prospective impacts on inflammation in vitro and in vivo have not been thoroughly explored. The databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for pertinent articles in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A total of 31 pertinent articles from in vitro and in vivo studies on the anti-inflammatory potentials of iridoids from Rubiaceae were identified. According to current research, genipin, geniposide, and monotropein are the most researched iridoids from Rubiaceae that reduce inflammation. These iridoids primarily act by attenuating inflammatory cytokines and mediators via inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway in various disease models. A comprehensive overview of the current research on the anti-inflammatory properties of iridoids from the Rubiaceae family is presented in this review, highlighting the characteristics of the experimental models used as well as the mechanisms of action of these iridoids. To develop an alternative therapeutic agent from iridoids, more studies are needed to elucidate the effects and mechanism of action of iridoids in a wide variety of experimental models as well as in clinical studies pertaining to inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisyah Jaafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Amal Zulkipli
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fazleen Haslinda Mohd Hatta
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aisyah Hasyila Jahidin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Alimah Abdul Nasir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mizaton Hazizul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Jasemi SV, Khazaei H, Morovati MR, Joshi T, Aneva IY, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Phytochemicals as treatment for allergic asthma: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155149. [PMID: 37890444 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is an inflammatory disease caused by the immune system's reaction to allergens, inflammation and narrowing of the airways, and the production of more than normal mucus. One of the main reasons is an increased production of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs that leads to the appearance of symptoms of asthma, including inflammation and shortness of breath. On the other hand, it has been proven that phytochemicals with their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties can be useful in improving allergic asthma. PURPOSE Common chemical treatments for allergic asthma include corticosteroids, which have many side effects and temporarily relieve symptoms but are not a cure. Therefore, taking the help of natural compounds to improve the quality of life of asthmatic patients can be a valuable issue that has been evaluated in the present review. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane) with the keywords: allergic asthma, phytochemical, plant, and herb were evaluated. The primary result was 5307 articles. Non-English, repetitive, and review articles were deleted from the study. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Finally, after carefully reading the articles, 102 were included in the study (2006-2022). The results of this review state that phytochemicals suppress the inflammatory pathways via inhibition of inflammatory cytokines production/secretion, genes, and proteins involved in the inflammation process, reducing oxidative stress indicators and symptoms of allergic asthma, such as cough and mucus production in the lungs. CONCLUSION With their antioxidant effects, this study concluded that phytochemicals suppress cytokines and other inflammatory indicators and thus can be considered an adjunctive treatment for improving allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Vahid Jasemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hosna Khazaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Morovati
- Persian Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
| | - Tanuj Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal, Kumaun University (Nainital), Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ina Yosifova Aneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Bryś M, Urbańska K, Olas B. Novel Findings regarding the Bioactivity of the Natural Blue Pigment Genipin in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:902. [PMID: 35055094 PMCID: PMC8776187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genipin is an important monoterpene iridoid compound isolated from Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis fruits and from Genipa americana fruits, or genipap. It is a precursor of a blue pigment which may be attractive alternative to existing food dyes and it possesses various potential therapeutic properties such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective activity. Biomedical studies also show that genipin may act as a neuroprotective drug. This review describes new aspects of the bioactivity of genipin against various diseases, as well as its toxicity and industrial applications, and presents its potential mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Bryś
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Karina Urbańska
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Minami M, Konishi T, Takase H, Makino T. Shin'iseihaito (Xinyiqingfeitang) extract ameliorates ovalbumin-induced murine allergic rhinitis by regulating cytokines. J Nat Med 2021; 76:244-253. [PMID: 34792735 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Shin'iseihaito (Xinyiqingfeitang) is a formula of traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and for chronic sinusitis. However, the precise action mechanism has been unknown. We examined the effect of shin'iseihaito extract (SSHT) on murine allergic rhinitis model using ovalbumin (OVA). We decocted the mixture of 9 crude drugs in water to prepare SSHT. SSHT (20 times amount of human dose) was orally administered to mice treated with OVA. After mice were sacrificed on day 28, immunoglobulin (Ig) E, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, interferon (IFN)-γ, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels in nasal lavage fluid samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological tissue sections from the nasal epithelial mucosa were histopathologically investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopies. We also investigated the effects of modified SSHTs prepared by removing one crude drug from shin'iseihaito to clarify the active ingredients. SSHT suppressed IgE, IL-4, IL-13, and TSLP levels, while increased the IFN-γ levels in OVA-induced allergic mice. Sensitization with OVA resulted in an increase in eosinophilia and goblet cells in murine nasal cavity tissue in comparison with those in untreated group, however, those were significantly reduced by the treatment with SSHT. The extracts of 8 crude drug's mixtures except for the removal of Gypsum fibrosum (GF) from shin'iseihaito counteracted on the suppressive effects of SSHT on IgE, IL-4, IL-13, and TSLP levels in nasal lavage fluid. Our result demonstrated that SSHT may contribute to inhibit the exacerbation of OVA-induced murine allergic rhinitis by regulating cytokines, and the components except for GF contributed anti-allergic effect of shin'iseihaito.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Minami
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Toru Konishi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Core Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
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Pak SW, Lee AY, Seo YS, Lee SJ, Kim WI, Shin DH, Kim JC, Kim JS, Lim JO, Shin IS. Anti-asthmatic effects of Phlomis umbrosa Turczaninow using ovalbumin induced asthma murine model and network pharmacology analysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112410. [PMID: 34775237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phlomis umbrosa Turczaninow has been used as a tradition herbal medicine for treating various inflammatory diseases. PURPOSE In present study, we explored the effects of P. umbrosa on asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and elucidated the mechanism via in vivo verification and network pharmacology prediction. METHODS The animals were intraperitoneally injected OVA on day 1 and 14, followed by OVA inhalation on days 21, 22, and 23. The animals were daily treated P. umbrosa extract (PUE, 20 and 40 mg/kg) by oral gavage from day 18 to day 23. RESULTS PUE significantly decreased airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilia, and the production of inflammatory cytokines and OVA specific immunoglobulin E in animals with asthma, along with a reduction in airway inflammation and mucus secretion in lung tissue. In network analysis, antiasthmatic effects of PUE were closely related with suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinases and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Consistent with the results from network analysis, PUE suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK and p65, which was accompanied by a decline in MMP-9 expression. CONCLUSION Administration of PUE effectively reduced allergic responses in asthmatic mice, which was associated with the suppressed phosphorylation of ERK and p65, and expression of MMP-9. These results indicate that PUE has therapeutic potential to treat allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, South Korea
| | - Yun-Soo Seo
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Woong-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Joong-Sun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Je-Oh Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
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Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Semi-Defatted Unripe Genipap (Genipa americana L.): Selective Conditions for the Recovery of Natural Colorants. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of semi-defatted unripe genipap (SDG) using supercritical CO2 was performed to enhance the recovery of natural colorant iridoids genipin and geniposide. There are currently few natural sources of iridoids, and their application as colorants is scarce. The UAE resulted in extracts with blue and green colors using water and ethanol, respectively. The highest global yield and genipin content was recovered with water, and the geniposide was significantly recovered with ethanol. With water at 450 W, the UAE raised the maximum global yield (25.50 g/100 g raw material). At 150 W and 7 min, the maximum content of genipin (121.7 mg/g extract) and geniposide (312 mg/g extract) was recovered. The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity with the oxygen reactive antioxidant capacity (ORAC) assay were also high in aqueous extracts. Ethanolic extracts showed high ferric-reducing ability antioxidant potential (FRAP) values. UAE showed an efficient and fast method to obtain different extracts’ fractions from SDG, which have a wide spectrum of applications, especially as natural food colorants.
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Effect of Yijin-Tang, an Oriental Traditional Formula, on Allergic Responses Using an Ovalbumin-Induced Murine Asthma Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5585692. [PMID: 34055011 PMCID: PMC8133850 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5585692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Yijin-tang is an oriental traditional herb used to treat inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of Yijin-tang water extract (YTE) using an ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced asthma model, focusing on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the herb. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with OVA on days 0 and 14 and then challenged with OVA on days 21, 22, and 23. The animals were orally administered YTE (200 and 400 mg/kg) from days 18 to 23, and this was found to significantly decrease airway hyperresponsiveness and release of inflammatory cells, cytokines, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E in mice with asthma. In addition, YTE was associated with a marked reduction in airway inflammation and mucus production in lung tissue of mice with asthma. Furthermore, YTE suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and phosphorylation of ERK in the lungs, which in turn led to a reduction in inducible nitric oxide synthases and an elevation in reduced glutathione and heme oxygenase-1. In conclusion, YTE effectively suppressed allergic responses in mice with asthma and the effect was closely related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the herb. Our results indicate that YTE may be a potential agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Lee BW, Ha JH, Ji Y, Jeong SH, Kim JH, Lee J, Park JY, Kwon HJ, Jung K, Kim JC, Ryu YB, Lee IC. Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Overproduction in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614442. [PMID: 33643046 PMCID: PMC7902870 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. (AH), a member of the Betulaceae family, is widely used in Eastern Asia of as a source of medicinal compounds for the treatment of hemorrhage, diarrhea, and alcoholism. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a methanolic extract of AH branches against airway inflammation and mucus production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma mouse model. Female BALB/c mice were injected with OVA (40 μg) and aluminum hydroxide (2 mg) on days 0 and 14 to induce allergic airway inflammation. The mice were then challenged with 1% OVA from days 21–23. Mice were treated with AH (50 and 100 mg/kg/day; 2% DMSO) or dexamethasone (positive control; 3 mg/kg/day) from days 18–23. AH treatment effectively attenuated airway resistance/hyperresponsiveness and reduced levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, eotaxins, and number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and immunoglobulin E in serums of OVA-challenged mice. In histological analysis, AH treatment significantly inhibited airway inflammation and mucus production in OVA-challenged mice. AH treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha, p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (p65NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases with suppression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in lung tissue. Moreover, AH treatment decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th2 cytokines, as well as MUC5AC expression, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. These results indicate that AH might represent a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba-Wool Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ha
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yeongseon Ji
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hun Jeong
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young-Bae Ryu
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
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Yuan A, Zeng J, Zhou H, Liu Q, Rao Z, Gao M, Liu R, Zeng N. Anti-type I allergic effects of Jing-Fang powder extracts via PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:408-420. [PMID: 33518365 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Jing-Fang powder (Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. and Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.) was used to treat chronic bronchitis, asthma and chronic urticaria. Based on the preliminary results of screening research on the antiallergic effective parts of Jing-Fang powder, its ethyl acetate extract fractions (JFEE) and isolate D (JFEE-D) showed the best anti-allergic effect. RBL-2H3 cell activation degranulation model and mice passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction model were used to investigate the effects and mechanisms of JFEE and JFEE-D on IgE-mediated type I allergic reactions. LC-MS was utilized to determine the composition of JFEE and JFEE-D. We found that JFEE and JFEE-D significantly reduced β-HEX, histamine, IL-4, IL-6 levels in cell supernatants, and improved the degree and morphology of cell degranulation. JFEE and JFEE-D significantly inhibited the increase of ear vascular permeability and abnormal increase of serum IgE, TNF-α, IL-6 levels. JFEE and JFEE-D inhibited mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt and down-regulated protein expression of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, and PLCγ1 in sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. The combined use of JFEE and JFEE-D with pathway inhibitor Wortmannin revealed synergistic down-regulation of PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt protein expression. The combined use of pathway agonist IGF-1, JFEE and JFEE-D down-regulated increase of p-Akt/Akt protein expression. Moreover, JFEE and JFEE-D significantly inhibited protein expression of PI3K, p-Akt and PLCγ1 in PCA model mice. These results show that JFEE and JFEE-D inhibit type I allergic reactions by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhili Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Tavares L, Esparza Flores EE, Rodrigues RC, Hertz PF, Noreña CPZ. Effect of deacetylation degree of chitosan on rheological properties and physical chemical characteristics of genipin-crosslinked chitosan beads. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kim HJ, Nam YR, Woo J, Kim WK, Nam JH. Gardenia jasminoides extract and its constituent, genipin, inhibit activation of CD3/CD28 co-stimulated CD4 + T cells via ORAI1 channel. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:363-372. [PMID: 32587130 PMCID: PMC7317176 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.4.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Gardenia jasminoides (GJ) is a widely used herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties, but its effects on the ORAI1 channel, which is important in generating intracellular calcium signaling for T cell activation, remain unknown. In this study, we investigated whether 70% ethanolic GJ extract (GJEtOH) and its subsequent fractions inhibit ORAI1 and determined which constituents contributed to this effect. Whole-cell patch clamp analysis revealed that GJEtOH (64.7% ± 3.83% inhibition at 0.1 mg/ml) and all its fractions showed inhibitory effects on the ORAI1 channel. Among the GJ fractions, the hexane fraction (GJHEX, 66.8% ± 9.95% at 0.1 mg/ml) had the most potent inhibitory effects in hORAI1-hSTIM1 co-transfected HEK293T cells. Chemical constituent analysis revealed that the strong ORAI1 inhibitory effect of GJHEX was due to linoleic acid, and in other fractions, we found that genipin inhibited ORAI1. Genipin significantly inhibited IORAI1 and interleukin-2 production in CD3/CD28-stimulated Jurkat T lymphocytes by 35.9% ± 3.02% and 54.7% ± 1.32% at 30 μM, respectively. Furthermore, the same genipin concentration inhibited the proliferation of human primary CD4+ T lymphocytes stimulated with CD3/CD28 antibodies by 54.9% ± 8.22%, as evaluated by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester assay. Our findings suggest that genipin may be one of the active components of GJ responsible for T cell suppression, which is partially mediated by activation of the ORAI1 channel. This study helps us understand the mechanisms of GJ in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jong Kim
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Yu Ran Nam
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Korea.,Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - JooHan Woo
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Korea.,Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Kim
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Korea.,Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
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Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Suppression of NF-κB and Enhancement of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020099. [PMID: 31991647 PMCID: PMC7070852 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai (Scrophulariaceae) is a medicinal herb that grows in Korea and which has been widely used to treat fever, edema, neuritis and laryngitis. Hence, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the ethanol extract (SKE) of S. koraiensis Nakai in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model. We injected 20 μg of OVA with 2 mg of aluminum on day 0 and day 14 to induce allergic airway inflammation in six-week-old BALB/c mice, and mice were challenged with 1% OVA by nebulization for 1 h on days 21, 22, and 23. SKE was orally administered at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg from day 18 to 23, and its effects were compared with those of montelukast treatment. SKE significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cell counts, immunoglobulin-E, and airway hyperresponsiveness during the OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation model; it also reduced airway inflammation and mucus production. In addition, SKE reduced the OVA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation in lung tissues while enhancing nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. In conclusion, SKE showed the protective effects on OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation via the suppression of NF-κB phosphorylation and the enhancement of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. These results indicate that SKE is a potential therapeutic agent for allergic airway inflammation.
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Ko JW, Kwon HJ, Seo CS, Choi SJ, Shin NR, Kim SH, Kim YH, Kim JC, Kim MS, Shin IS. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid suppresses airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin challenge. Phytother Res 2019; 34:624-633. [PMID: 31724257 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (HA) has a palliative effect on asthmatic inflammatory responses using a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma. The mice were divided into five groups, each consisting of seven females (normal control phosphate-buffered saline); OVA (OVA sensitization/challenge); dexamethasone (DEX, OVA sensitization/challenge + dexamethasone 3 mg/kg); HA-10 and HA-20 OVA sensitization/challenge + HA 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively). Mice treated with HA showed a reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness and in the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared with asthmatic control. HA treatment also reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 in BALF and of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E in the serum compared with asthmatic control. HA treatment relieved airway inflammation and mucus overproduction caused by OVA exposure. Additionally, HA inhibited the increases in levels of nuclear factor kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 that normally occur after OVA exposure. HA treatment also reduced the activity and protein level of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Taken together, HA effectively suppressed asthmatic airway inflammation and mucus production caused by OVA exposure. These findings indicate that HA has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, -si, Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Choi
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.,Department of Chemical Material Assessment, Korea Environment Corporation, Incheon, Korea
| | - Na-Rae Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.,Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea.,Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Project Team), Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Flores EEE, Cardoso FD, Siqueira LB, Ricardi NC, Costa TH, Rodrigues RC, Klein MP, Hertz PF. Influence of reaction parameters in the polymerization between genipin and chitosan for enzyme immobilization. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Li J, Shi J, Li P, Guo X, Wang T, Liu A. Genipin attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury and pulmonary hypertension via targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3 β in neonatal rats. Nutrition 2019; 57:237-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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