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Wang J, Ren B, Yang Y, Li Y. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-9 exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-stimulated neurons by modulating the Akt-GSK-3β-Nrf2 cascade via AdipoR1. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110045. [PMID: 36996742 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-9 (CTRP9) is linked to diverse pathological conditions via the effects on cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. However, its functional relevance in ischemic brain injury is not well determined. The present work aimed to evaluate the role of CTRP9 in ischemia/reperfusion-associated neuronal injury using an in vitro model. The cultured cortical neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to simulate ischemia/reperfusion in vitro. CTRP9 level was lowered in cultured neurons exposed to OGD/R. Neurons with overexpressed CTRP9 were resistant to OGD/R-elicited injuries, including neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory response. Mechanism research revealed that CTRP9 could boost the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) pathway associated with modulation of the Akt-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) axis. CTRP9 regulated the transduction of the Akt-GSK-3β-Nrf2 cascade via adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1). Restraining Nrf2 could diminish CTRP9-mediated neuroprotective effects in OGD/R-injured neurons. Altogether, these results confirmed that CTRP9 exerts a protective effect on OGD/R-injured neurons by modulating Akt-GSK-3β-Nrf2 cascade via AdipoR1. This work suggests a possible link between CTRP9 and ischemic brain injury.
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Zhang H, Zhang-Sun ZY, Xue CX, Li XY, Ren J, Jiang YT, Liu T, Yao HR, Zhang J, Gou TT, Tian Y, Lei WR, Yang Y. CTRP family in diseases associated with inflammation and metabolism: molecular mechanisms and clinical implication. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:710-725. [PMID: 36207402 PMCID: PMC10042840 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF) related proteins (CTRPs) is a newly discovered adipokine family with conservative structure and ubiquitous distribution and is secreted by adipose tissues. Recently, CTRPs have attracted increasing attention due to the its wide-ranging effects upon inflammation and metabolism. To-date, 15 members of CTRPs (CTRP1-15) with the characteristic C1q domain have been characterized. Earlier in-depth phenotypic analyses of mouse models of CTRPs deficiency have also unveiled ample function of CTRPs in inflammation and metabolism. This review focuses on the rise of CTRPs, with a special emphasis on the latest discoveries with regards to the effects of the CTRP family on inflammation and metabolism as well as related diseases. We first introduced the structure of characteristic domain and polymerization of CTRPs to reveal its pleiotropic biological functions. Next, intimate association of CTRP family with inflammation and metabolism, as well as the involvement of CTRPs as nodes in complex molecular networks, were elaborated. With expanding membership of CTRP family, the information presented here provides new perspectives for therapeutic strategies to improve inflammatory and metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zi-Yin Zhang-Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Cheng-Xu Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xi-Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Ting Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Hai-Rong Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tian-Tian Gou
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wang-Rui Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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Lee SM, Lee JW, Kim I, Woo DC, Pack CG, Sung YH, Baek IJ, Jung CH, Kim YH, Ha CH. Angiogenic adipokine C1q-TNF-related protein 9 ameliorates myocardial infarction via histone deacetylase 7-mediated MEF2 activation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq0898. [PMID: 36459558 PMCID: PMC10936044 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq0898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 (CTRP9) is an adipokine and has high potential as a therapeutic target. However, the role of CTRP9 in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis remains unclear. We found CTRP9 to induce HDAC7 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation via tight regulation of AMPK in vascular endothelial cells, leading to angiogenesis through increased MEF2 activity. The expression of CTRP9 and atheroprotective MEF2 was decreased in plaque tissue of atherosclerotic patients and the ventricle of post-infarction mice. CTRP9 treatment inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE KO and CTRP9 KO mice. In addition, CTRP9 induced significant ischemic injury prevention in the post-MI mice. Clinically, serum CTRP9 levels were reduced in patients with MI compared with healthy controls. In summary, CTRP9 induces a vasoprotective response via the AMPK/HDAC7/p38 MAPK pathway in vascular endothelial cells, whereas its absence can contribute to atherosclerosis and MI. Hence, CTRP9 may represent a valuable therapeutic target and biomarker in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Medicine Research Center (CREDIT), Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Cheol Woo
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Medicine Research Center (CREDIT), Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Gi Pack
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Medicine Research Center (CREDIT), Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Sung
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Medicine Research Center (CREDIT), Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jeoung Baek
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Medicine Research Center (CREDIT), Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hak Kim
- Cardiology Division, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Ha
- Department of Convergence Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wang B, Li Y, Hu S, Peng K. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 protects cultured chondrocytes from IL-1β-induced inflammatory injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the AdipoR1/AMPK axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:889-898. [PMID: 34990072 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 (CTRP9) has been identified as a novel anti-inflammatory factor that participates in numerous pathological conditions. However, whether CTRP9 participates in the regulation of osteoarthritis has not been studied. This work sought to determine the possible role of CTRP9 in osteoarthritis using an in vitro model, namely interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-stimulated chondrocytes. There was a decreased level of CTRP9 in chondrocytes after IL-1β stimulation. CTRP9 upregulation dramatically repressed IL-1β-evoked apoptosis and inflammatory response in cultured chondrocytes. The mechanistic investigation revealed that CTRP9 overexpression restrained the activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes via the adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1)/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) axis. Notably, inhibition of AdipoR1 or AMPK abolished the regulatory effects of CTRP9 overexpression on IL-1β-evoked apoptosis and inflammasome activation. Overall, the results of this work delineate that CTRP9 protects cultured chondrocytes from IL-1β-induced inflammatory injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the AdipoR1/AMPK axis. This work underscores a potential role of CTRP9 in the progression of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanqi Li
- Department of Respiratory, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shouye Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kan Peng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Guan H, Wang Y, Li X, Xiang A, Guo F, Fan J, Yu Q. C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein 9: Basics and Therapeutic Potentials. Front Physiol 2022; 13:816218. [PMID: 35370782 PMCID: PMC8971810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.816218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 (CTRP9) is a newly discovered adipokine that is the closest paralog of adiponectin. Proteolytic cleavage of CTRP9 leads to the release of the globular domain (gCTRP9), which serves as the major circulating subtype. After binding with adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and N-cadherin, CTRP9 activates various signaling pathways to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, vasodilation and cell differentiation. Throughout human development and adult life, CTRP9 controls many biological phenomena. simultaneously, abnormal gene or protein expression of CTRP9 is accompanied by a wide range of human pathological phenomena. In this review, we briefly introduce CTRP9 and its associated signaling pathways and physiological functions, which may be helpful in the understanding of the occurrence of diseases. Moreover, we summarize the broader research prospects of CTRP9 and advances in therapeutic intervention. In recent years, CTRP9 has attracted extensive attention due to its role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, providing further avenues for its exploitation as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Guan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aoqi Xiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fengwei Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianglin Fan
- Department of Pathology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Jianglin Fan,
| | - Qi Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Qi Yu,
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CTRP9 Mitigates the Progression of Arteriovenous Shunt-Induced Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in Rats. Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 2021:4971300. [PMID: 34858521 PMCID: PMC8598355 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4971300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is aimed at investigating the molecular mechanism of C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) and providing a new perspective in arteriovenous shunt-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH was established by an arteriovenous shunt placement performed in rats. Adenovirus(Ad)-CTRP9 and Ad-green fluorescent protein viral particles were injected into the rats through the tail vein. Following 12 weeks, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were measured and morphological analysis was conducted to confirm the establishment of the PAH model. The systemic elevation of CTRP9 maintained pulmonary vascular homeostasis and protected the rats from dysfunctional and abnormal remodeling. CTRP9 attenuated the pulmonary vascular remodeling in the shunt group by decreasing the mPAP and RVSP, which was associated with suppressed inflammation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix injury. In addition, CTRP9 dramatically increased the phosphorylation of AKT and p38-MAPK in the lung tissues of shunt-operated animals. These findings suggest a previously unrecognized effect of CTRP9 in pulmonary vascular homeostasis during PAH pathogenesis.
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Huang Z, Zhao D, Wang Y, Li X, Li J, Han J, Jiang L, Ai F, Zhou Z. C1q/TNF-related protein 9 decreases cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1139. [PMID: 34504585 PMCID: PMC8393267 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) acts as an adipokine and has been reported to exert numerous biological functions, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects, in ischemic heart disease. In the present study, the role of CTRP9 in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and the underlying mechanism was investigated. Adenoviral vectors containing CTRP9 or green fluorescent protein were transfected into NRCMs. A H/R model was constructed 2 days after transfection by 2 h incubation under hypoxia followed by 4 h of reoxygenation. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and CK-myocardial band (CK-MB) levels were detected by a biochemical analyzer using biochemical kits. In addition, cell viability was detected using trypan blue staining to determine the extent of cell injury. Inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were used to evaluate the expression levels of CTRP9, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response (MyD88) and NF-κB. The DNA binding activity of NF-κB was also detected using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The results indicated that transfection with adenoviral vectors containing CTRP9 could markedly enhance CTRP9 expression. CTRP9 overexpression increased cell viability and decreased the release of LDH, CK and CK-MB. In addition, CTRP9 overexpression reduced TNF-α and IL-6 levels whilst increasing IL-10 levels, but decreased the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB. Furthermore, the DNA binding activity of NF-κB under H/R was also decreased by CTRP9 overexpression. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that CTRP9 could protect cardiomyocytes from H/R injury, which was at least partially due to the inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Huang
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiu Li
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lisi Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Fen Ai
- Department of Emergency, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxiong Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hyzen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Kong M, Gao Y, Guo X, Xie Y, Yu Y. Role of the CTRP family in tumor development and progression. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:723. [PMID: 34429763 PMCID: PMC8371956 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs), which are members of the adipokine superfamily, have gained significant interest in the recent years. CTRPs are homologs of adiponectin with numerous functions and are closely associated with metabolic diseases, such as abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism and diabetes. Previous studies have demonstrated that CTRPs are highly involved in the regulation of numerous physiological and pathological processes, including glycolipid metabolism, protein kinase pathways, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and inflammation. CTRPs also play important roles in the development and progression of numerous types of tumor, including liver, colon and lung cancers. This observation can be attributed to the fact that diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance are independent risk factors for tumorigenesis. Numerous CTRPs, including CTRP3, CTRP4, CTRP6 and CTRP8, have been reported to be associated with tumor progression by activating multiple signal pathways. CTRPs could therefore be considered as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in some cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms of CTRPs in tumorigenesis remain unknown. The present review aimed to determine the roles and underlying mechanisms of CTRPs in tumorigenesis, which may help the development of novel cancer treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mowei Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Department of Respiratory, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yuyu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yamei Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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