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Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Herdoiza-Arroyo PE, González-Ramírez LP, Martínez-Arriaga RJ, Villarreal-Zegarra D, Santos da Silva AC, González-Cantero JO, Vargas Salinas VS, S. Mensorio M, Cisneros Hernández AA, Lourenço dos Santos R, Nieto Ramos EG, Albán-Terán MG, Mateu-Mollá J, Ramírez-Martínez FR, Colmenero Guadián AM, Martínez-Rubio D, Langer ÁI, Araya C, Castellanos-Vargas RO. Internet-based self-administered intervention to reduce anxiety and depression symptomatology and improve well-being in 7 countries: protocol of a randomized control trial. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1279847. [PMID: 38774723 PMCID: PMC11107906 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1279847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Online psychological interventions have emerged as a treatment alternative because they are accessible, flexible, personalized, and available to large populations. The number of Internet interventions in Latin America is limited, as are Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) of their effectiveness and a few studies comparing their effectiveness in multiple countries at the same time. We have developed an online intervention, Well-being Online, which will be available to the public free of charge in 7 countries: Mexico, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Brazil, Spain, and the Netherlands. We expect a reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms and an increase in well-being of the participants. Methods A multi-country, randomized controlled trial will be conducted. The intervention is multicomponent (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Behavioral Activation Therapy, Mindfulness, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Positive Psychology), with 10 sessions. In each country, eligible participants will be randomized to one of three groups: Enriched Intervention (interactive web design with videos, infographics, text, audio, and forum), Text Intervention (text on the website), and Wait List (control group). Repeated measures will be obtained at 5-time points. Our primary outcomes will be anxiety symptomatology, depressive symptomatology, and mental well-being. MANOVA analysis will be used for our main analysis. Discussion This protocol describes the design of a randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of a web-based intervention to reduce anxiety and depression symptomatology and increase subjective well-being. The intervention will be made available in four languages (Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and English). Its results will contribute to the evidence of effectiveness in terms of randomized trials and Internet interventions, mainly in Latin America and Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulina Erika Herdoiza-Arroyo
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Psychology, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Reyna Jazmín Martínez-Arriaga
- Departamento de Clínicas de Salud Mental, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - David Villarreal-Zegarra
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Continental, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Joel Omar González-Cantero
- Departamento de Ciencias del Comportamiento, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca, Mexico
| | | | | | - Adrián Antonio Cisneros Hernández
- Departamento de Clínicas de Salud Mental, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Emilia Gabriela Nieto Ramos
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Psychology, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Margarita Gabriela Albán-Terán
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Psychology, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - David Martínez-Rubio
- Department of Psychology, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Álvaro I. Langer
- Faculty of Psychology and Humanities, University San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Araya
- School of Psychology, University Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago, Chile
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Taher R, Hsu CW, Hampshire C, Fialho C, Heaysman C, Stahl D, Shergill S, Yiend J. The Safety of Digital Mental Health Interventions: Systematic Review and Recommendations. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e47433. [PMID: 37812471 PMCID: PMC10594135 DOI: 10.2196/47433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) for common mental health conditions are effective. However, digital interventions, such as face-to-face therapies, pose risks to patients. A safe intervention is considered one in which the measured benefits outweigh the identified and mitigated risks. OBJECTIVE This study aims to review the literature to assess how DMHIs assess safety, what risks are reported, and how they are mitigated in both the research and postmarket phases and building on existing recommendations for assessing, reporting, and mitigating safety in the DMHI and standardizing practice. METHODS PsycINFO, Embase, and MEDLINE databases were searched for studies that addressed the safety of DMHIs. The inclusion criteria were any study that addressed the safety of a clinical DMHI, even if not as a main outcome, in an adult population, and in English. As the outcome data were mainly qualitative in nature, a meta-analysis was not possible, and qualitative analysis was used to collate the results. Quantitative results were synthesized in the form of tables and percentages. To illustrate the use of a single common safety metric across studies, we calculated odds ratios and CIs, wherever possible. RESULTS Overall, 23 studies were included in this review. Although many of the included studies assessed safety by actively collecting adverse event (AE) data, over one-third (8/23, 35%) did not assess or collect any safety data. The methods and frequency of safety data collection varied widely, and very few studies have performed formal statistical analyses. The main treatment-related reported AE was symptom deterioration. The main method used to mitigate risk was exclusion of high-risk groups. A secondary web-based search found that 6 DMHIs were available for users or patients to use (postmarket phase), all of which used indications and contraindications to mitigate risk, although there was no evidence of ongoing safety review. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review show the need for a standardized classification of AEs, a standardized method for assessing AEs to statically analyze AE data, and evidence-based practices for mitigating risk in DMHIs, both in the research and postmarket phases. This review produced 7 specific, measurable, and achievable recommendations with the potential to have an immediate impact on the field, which were implemented across ongoing and future research. Improving the quality of DMHI safety data will allow meaningful assessment of the safety of DMHIs and confidence in whether the benefits of a new DMHI outweigh its risks. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022333181; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=333181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Taher
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Che-Wei Hsu
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Hampshire
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Fialho
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Heaysman
- London Institute for Healthcare Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Stahl
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sukhi Shergill
- Kent and Medway Medical School, Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Yiend
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Forbes A, Keleher MR, Venditto M, DiBiasi F. Assessing Patient Adherence to and Engagement With Digital Interventions for Depression in Clinical Trials: Systematic Literature Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e43727. [PMID: 37566447 PMCID: PMC10457707 DOI: 10.2196/43727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New approaches to the treatment of depression are necessary for patients who do not respond to current treatments or lack access to them because of barriers such as cost, stigma, and provider shortage. Digital interventions for depression are promising; however, low patient engagement could limit their effectiveness. OBJECTIVE This systematic literature review (SLR) assessed how participant adherence to and engagement with digital interventions for depression have been measured in the published literature, what levels of adherence and engagement have been reported, and whether higher adherence and increased engagement are linked to increased efficacy. METHODS We focused on a participant population of adults (aged ≥18 years) with depression or major depressive disorder as the primary diagnosis and included clinical trials, feasibility studies, and pilot studies of digital interventions for treating depression, such as digital therapeutics. We screened 756 unique records from Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane published between January 1, 2000, and April 15, 2022; extracted data from and appraised the 94 studies meeting the inclusion criteria; and performed a primarily descriptive analysis. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc (Princeton, New Jersey, United States) funded this study. RESULTS This SLR encompassed results from 20,111 participants in studies using 47 unique web-based interventions (an additional 10 web-based interventions were not described by name), 15 mobile app interventions, 5 app-based interventions that are also accessible via the web, and 1 CD-ROM. Adherence was most often measured as the percentage of participants who completed all available modules. Less than half (44.2%) of the participants completed all the modules; however, the average dose received was 60.7% of the available modules. Although engagement with digital interventions was measured differently in different studies, it was most commonly measured as the number of modules completed, the mean of which was 6.4 (means ranged from 1.0 to 19.7) modules. The mean amount of time participants engaged with the interventions was 3.9 (means ranged from 0.7 to 8.4) hours. Most studies of web-based (34/45, 76%) and app-based (8/9, 89%) interventions found that the intervention group had substantially greater improvement for at least 1 outcome than the control group (eg, care as usual, waitlist, or active control). Of the 14 studies that investigated the relationship between engagement and efficacy, 9 (64%) found that increased engagement with digital interventions was significantly associated with improved participant outcomes. The limitations of this SLR include publication bias, which may overstate engagement and efficacy, and low participant diversity, which reduces the generalizability. CONCLUSIONS Patient adherence to and engagement with digital interventions for depression have been reported in the literature using various metrics. Arriving at more standardized ways of reporting adherence and engagement would enable more effective comparisons across different digital interventions, studies, and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainslie Forbes
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | | | | | - Faith DiBiasi
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc, Princeton, NJ, United States
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Aktan ME, Turhan Z, Dolu İ. Attitudes and perspectives towards the preferences for artificial intelligence in psychotherapy. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wu S. Affect mediates the influence of the "Three Good Things" intervention on depression and well-being. SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.2224/sbp.10755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The "Three Good Things" is a self-administered positive psychological intervention that is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and improving well-being; however, there is still little known about its possible underlying mechanisms. I examined the efficacy of the Three Good Things
intervention and investigated the mediating role of positive and negative affect in the intervention's effect on depressive symptoms and subjective well-being. Participants were undergraduate students randomly assigned to either the intervention group ( n = 128), who participated in
a 16-week trial of the intervention and completed assessment measures, or to the control group (n = 121), who completed assessment measures but not the intervention. The three time points for assessment were Week 1 (baseline), Week 8 (Time 1), and Week 16 (Time 2). The results show
that levels of depression and negative affect were lower in the intervention group than in the control group at Time 2, whereas positive affect and subjective well-being were higher. Thus, the intervention can reduce depression and promote well-being by reducing negative affect and improving
positive affect.
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How are guide profession and routine care setting related to adherence and symptom change in iCBT for depression? - an explorative log-data analysis. Internet Interv 2021; 26:100476. [PMID: 34804811 PMCID: PMC8590032 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2021.100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the antidepressant efficacy of guided digital interventions has been proven in randomized controlled trials, findings from routine care are less clear. Low adherence rates are common and limit the potential effectiveness. Adherence has been linked to sociodemographic variables and the amount of guidance, but the role of the guide's profession and their work setting has not yet been studied for routine care. METHODS Routinely collected log data from a digital intervention for depressed patients (iFightDepression tool) were analyzed in an exploratory manner. The sample is a convenience sample from routine care, where guidance is provided by general practitioners (GP), certified psychotherapists (PT) or medical doctors specialized in mental health. Log data from 2184 patients were analyzed and five usage parameters were extracted to measure adherence (first-to-last login, time on tool, number of sessions, workshops completed and minimal dose). Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze relations between the guide's profession and clinical context as well as other covariates and adherence and symptom change on a brief depression questionnaire (PHQ-9). RESULTS The analyses showed a significant relation of guide profession and adherence. Guidance by PT was associated to the highest adherence scores (reference category). The odds ratios (ORs) of scoring above the median in each usage parameter for patients guided by GPs were 0.50-0.63 (all ps < 0.002) and 0.61-0.80 (p = .002-0.197) for MH. Higher age, initial PHQ-9 score and self-reported diagnosis of depression were also significantly associated with higher adherence scores. In a subsample providing enough data on the PHQ-9 (n = 347), no association of guide profession with symptom reduction was found. Instead, a greater reduction was observed for patients with a higher baseline PHQ-9 (β = -0. 39, t(341.75) = -8.814, p < .001) and for those who had achieved minimal dose (β = -2.42, t(340.34) = -4.174, P < .001) and those who had achieved minimal dose and scored high on time on tool (β = 0.22, t(341.75) = 1.965, P = .050). CONCLUSION Being guided by PT was associated with the highest adherence. The lowest adherence was observed in patients who were guided by GP. While no association of guide profession and symptom reduction was found in a subsample, greater adherence was associated with symptom reduction.
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Oehler C, Görges F, Rogalla M, Rummel-Kluge C, Hegerl U. Efficacy of a Guided Web-Based Self-Management Intervention for Depression or Dysthymia: Randomized Controlled Trial With a 12-Month Follow-Up Using an Active Control Condition. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e15361. [PMID: 32673233 PMCID: PMC7388040 DOI: 10.2196/15361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies suggest that web-based interventions for patients with depression can reduce their symptoms and are expected to fill currently existing treatment gaps. However, evidence for their efficacy has mainly been derived from comparisons with wait-list or treatment as usual controls. In particular, designs using wait-list controls are unlikely to induce hope and may even have nocebo effects, making it difficult to draw conclusions about the intervention's efficacy. Studies using active controls are rare and have not yielded conclusive results. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study is to assess the acute and long-term antidepressant efficacy of a 6-week, guided, web-based self-management intervention building on the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy (iFightDepression tool) for patients with depression compared with web-based progressive muscle relaxation as an active control condition. METHODS A total of 348 patients with mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms or dysthymia (according to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) were recruited online and randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 intervention arms. Acute antidepressant effects after 6 weeks and long-term effects at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up were studied using the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-self-rating as a primary outcome parameter and change in quality of life (Short Form 12) and user satisfaction (client satisfaction questionnaire) as secondary outcome parameters. Treatment effects were assessed using mixed model analyses. RESULTS Over the entire observation period, a greater reduction in symptoms of depression (P=.01) and a greater improvement of life quality (P<.001) was found in the intervention group compared with the active control group. Separate tests for each time point revealed significant effects on depressive symptoms at the 3-month follow-up (d=0.281; 95% CI 0.069 to 0.493), but not after 6 weeks (main outcome:d=0.192; 95% CI -0.020 to 0.404) and 6 and 12 months. The intervention was significantly superior to the control condition with respect to user satisfaction (25.31 vs 21.97; t259=5.804; P<.01). CONCLUSIONS The fact that antidepressant effects have been found for a guided self-management tool in comparison with an active control strengthens the evidence base for the efficacy of web-based interventions. The antidepressant effect became most prominent at the 3-month follow-up. After 6 weeks of intervention, significant positive effects were observed on life quality but not on depressive symptoms. Although the effect size of such web-based interventions on symptoms of depression might be smaller than that suggested by earlier studies using wait-list control conditions, they can be a cost-effective addition to antidepressants and face-to-face psychotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ICTRP080-15-09032015; https://apps.who.int/trialsearch/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=DRKS00009323.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frauke Görges
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Rogalla
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Hegerl
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Gili M, Castro A, García-Palacios A, Garcia-Campayo J, Mayoral-Cleries F, Botella C, Roca M, Barceló-Soler A, Hurtado MM, Navarro M, Villena A, Pérez-Ara MÁ, Riera-Serra P, Baños RM. Efficacy of Three Low-Intensity, Internet-Based Psychological Interventions for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e15845. [PMID: 32501276 PMCID: PMC7305559 DOI: 10.2196/15845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary care is a major access point for the initial treatment of depression, but the management of these patients is far from optimal. The lack of time in primary care is one of the major difficulties for the delivery of evidence-based psychotherapy. During the last decade, research has focused on the development of brief psychotherapy and cost-effective internet-based interventions mostly based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Very little research has focused on alternative methods of treatment for depression using CBT. Thus, there is a need for research into other therapeutic approaches. Objective This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 3 low-intensity, internet-based psychological interventions (healthy lifestyle psychoeducational program [HLP], focused program on positive affect promotion [PAPP], and brief intervention based on mindfulness [MP]) compared with a control condition (improved treatment as usual [iTAU]). Methods A multicenter, 4-arm, parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted between March 2015 and March 2016, with a follow-up of 12 months. In total, 221 adults with mild or moderate major depression were recruited in primary care settings from 3 Spanish regions. Patients were randomly distributed to iTAU (n=57), HLP (n=54), PAPP (n=56), and MP (n=54). All patients received iTAU from their general practitioners. The main outcome was the Spanish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) from pretreatment (time 1) to posttreatment (time 2) and up to 6 (time 3) and 12 (time 4) months’ follow-up. Secondary outcomes included the visual analog scale of the EuroQol, the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI). We conducted regression models to estimate outcome differences along study stages. Results A moderate decrease was detected in PHQ-9 scores from HLP (β=–3.05; P=.01) and MP (β=–3.00; P=.01) compared with iTAU at posttreatment. There were significant differences between all intervention groups and iTAU in physical SF-12 scores at 6 months after treatment. Regarding well-being, MP and PAPP reported better PHI results than iTAU at 6 months post treatment. PAPP intervention significantly decreased PANAS negative affect scores compared with iTAU 12 months after treatment. Conclusions The low-intensity, internet-based psychological interventions (HLP and MP) for the treatment of depression in primary care are more effective than iTAU at posttreatment. Moreover, all low-intensity psychological interventions are also effective in improving medium- and long-term quality of life. PAPP is effective for improving health-related quality of life, negative affect, and well-being in patients with depression. Nevertheless, it is important to examine possible reasons that could be implicated for PAPP not being effective in reducing depressive symptomatology; in addition, more research is still needed to assess the cost-effectiveness analysis of these interventions. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN82388279; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN82388279 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12888-015-0475-0
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Gili
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adoración Castro
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Azucena García-Palacios
- Department of Clinical and Basic Psychology and Biopsychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Univeristy Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.,Biomedical Research Center Network (CIBER) Physiopathology Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Garcia-Campayo
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, Madrid, Spain.,Departament of Psychiatry, Hospital Miguel Servet, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fermin Mayoral-Cleries
- Mental Heath Unit, Hospital Regional of Malaga, Biomedicine Research Institute (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Cristina Botella
- Department of Clinical and Basic Psychology and Biopsychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Univeristy Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.,Biomedical Research Center Network (CIBER) Physiopathology Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Roca
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María M Hurtado
- Mental Heath Unit, Hospital Regional of Malaga, Biomedicine Research Institute (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - MªTeresa Navarro
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Amelia Villena
- Mental Health Unit of Pozoblaco, Hospital Los Pedroches, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Pérez-Ara
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pau Riera-Serra
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rosa Mª Baños
- Biomedical Research Center Network (CIBER) Physiopathology Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychological, Personality, Evaluation and Treatment, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Görges F, Oehler C, von Hirschhausen E, Hegerl U, Rummel-Kluge C. GET.HAPPY2 - User perspectives on an internet-based self-management positive psychology intervention among persons with and without depression: Results from a retrospective survey. J Clin Psychol 2019; 76:1030-1046. [PMID: 31714609 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research suggests that online positive psychology interventions (PPI) are frequently used by individuals with symptoms of depression. We aimed to investigate differences in the way depressed and nondepressed users react to the content of an existing online PPI, originally designed for the general public. METHOD In a retrospective online survey, we assessed discontinuation parameters, aspects of satisfaction with the program, and negative reactions among users of an online PPI. RESULTS Bivariate and multivariate analyses showed that, overall, reactions between depressed and nondepressed individuals were similar. Differences were observed concerning reasons for using and for discontinuing the program, the perception of exercises, and negative reactions. CONCLUSIONS Although satisfaction with the program was high, it did not seem to fully meet users' expectations and might be more difficult to complete during episodes of depression. Implications of this study for the adaptation of online PPIs addressing depressed individuals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Görges
- Depression Research Centre, German Depression Foundation, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Caroline Oehler
- Depression Research Centre, German Depression Foundation, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Hegerl
- Depression Research Centre, German Depression Foundation, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine Rummel-Kluge
- Depression Research Centre, German Depression Foundation, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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