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Ahmed A, Islam S, Solihat NN, Acter T, Kim S. Systematic Investigation into the Differences in the (+) APPI Efficiencies of Positional (Ortho, Meta, and Para) Isomers. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ahmed
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Syful Islam
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
- Research Center for BiomaterialsIndonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Cibinong 16911 Indonesia
| | - Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical SciencesEast West University Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
- Green‐Nano Materials Research Center Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
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2
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Lee S, Ahmed A, Kim S. Solvent composition dependent signal reduction of molecular ions generated from aromatic compounds in (+) atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:973-980. [PMID: 29600539 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The ionization process is essential for successful mass spectrometric (MS) analysis because of its influence on selectivity and sensitivity. In particular, certain solvents reduce the ionization of the analyte, thereby reducing the overall sensitivity in atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). Since the sensitivity varies greatly depending on the solvents, a fundamental understanding of the mechanism is required. METHODS Standard solutions were analyzed using a (+)-APPI Q Exactive ion trap mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific). Each solution was infused directly into the APPI source at a flow rate of 100 μL/min and the APPI source temperature was 300°C. Other operating mass spectrometric parameters were maintained under the same conditions. Quantum mechanical calculations were carried out using the Gaussian 09 suite program. RESULTS Density functional theory was used to calculate the reaction enthalpies (∆H) of the reactions between toluene and other solvents. The experimental and theoretical results showed good agreement. The abundances of analyte ions were well correlated with the calculated ∆H values. Therefore, the results strongly support the suggested signal reduction mechanism. In addition, linear correlations between the abundance of toluene and analyte molecular ions were observed, which also supports the suggested mechanism. CONCLUSIONS A solvent composition dependent signal reduction mechanism was suggested and evaluated for the (+)-APPI-MS analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generating mainly molecular ions. Overall, the evidence provided in this work suggests that reactions between solvent cluster(s) and toluene molecular ions are responsible for the observed reductions in signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Green Nano Center, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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3
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Ahn SH, Park KM, Moon JH, Lee SH, Kim MS. Quantification of Carbohydrates and Related Materials Using Sodium Ion Adducts Produced by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:1887-1890. [PMID: 27644944 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The utility of sodium ion adducts produced by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization for the quantification of analytes with multiple oxygen atoms was evaluated. Uses of homogeneous solid samples and temperature control allowed the acquisition of reproducible spectra. The method resulted in a direct proportionality between the ion abundance ratio I([A + Na]+)/I([M + Na]+) and the analyte concentration, which could be used as a calibration curve. This was demonstrated for carbohydrates, glycans, and polyether diols with dynamic range exceeding three orders of magnitude. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Kyung Man Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Moon
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Myung Soo Kim
- Seoul National University Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Seoul, 151-747, Korea.
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
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4
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Mikhailov VA, Liko I, Mize TH, Bush MF, Benesch JLP, Robinson CV. Infrared Laser Activation of Soluble and Membrane Protein Assemblies in the Gas Phase. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7060-7. [PMID: 27328020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Collision-induced dissociation (CID) is the dominant method for probing intact macromolecular complexes in the gas phase by means of mass spectrometry (MS). The energy obtained from collisional activation is dependent on the charge state of the ion and the pressures and potentials within the instrument: these factors limit CID capability. Activation by infrared (IR) laser radiation offers an attractive alternative as the radiation energy absorbed by the ions is charge-state-independent and the intensity and time scale of activation is controlled by a laser source external to the mass spectrometer. Here we implement and apply IR activation, in different irradiation regimes, to study both soluble and membrane protein assemblies. We show that IR activation using high-intensity pulsed lasers is faster than collisional and radiative cooling and requires much lower energy than continuous IR irradiation. We demonstrate that IR activation is an effective means for studying membrane protein assemblies, and liberate an intact V-type ATPase complex from detergent micelles, a result that cannot be achieved by means of CID using standard collision energies. Notably, we find that IR activation can be sufficiently soft to retain specific lipids bound to the complex. We further demonstrate that, by applying a combination of collisional activation, mass selection, and IR activation of the liberated complex, we can elucidate subunit stoichiometry and the masses of specifically bound lipids in a single MS experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Mikhailov
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Idlir Liko
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Todd H Mize
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew F Bush
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Justin L P Benesch
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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5
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Shaw JB, Robinson EW, Paša-Tolić L. Vacuum Ultraviolet Photodissociation and Fourier Transform–Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) Mass Spectrometry: Revisited. Anal Chem 2016; 88:3019-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared B. Shaw
- Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Errol W. Robinson
- Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ljiljana Paša-Tolić
- Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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6
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Moon JH, Park KM, Ahn SH, Lee SH, Kim MS. Investigations of Some Liquid Matrixes for Analyte Quantification by MALDI. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1657-1664. [PMID: 26122519 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sample inhomogeneity is one of the obstacles preventing the generation of reproducible mass spectra by MALDI and to their use for the purpose of analyte quantification. As a potential solution to this problem, we investigated MALDI with some liquid matrixes prepared by nonstoichiometric mixing of acids and bases. Out of 27 combinations of acids and bases, liquid matrixes could be produced from seven. When the overall spectral features were considered, two liquid matrixes using α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid as the acid and 3-aminoquinoline and N,N-diethylaniline as bases were the best choices. In our previous study of MALDI with solid matrixes, we found that three requirements had to be met for the generation of reproducible spectra and for analyte quantification: (1) controlling the temperature by fixing the total ion count, (2) plotting the analyte-to-matrix ion ratio versus the analyte concentration as the calibration curve, and (3) keeping the matrix suppression below a critical value. We found that the same requirements had to be met in MALDI with liquid matrixes as well. In particular, although the liquid matrixes tested here were homogeneous, they failed to display spot-to-spot spectral reproducibility unless the first requirement above was met. We also found that analyte-derived ions could not be produced efficiently by MALDI with the above liquid matrixes unless the analyte was sufficiently basic. In this sense, MALDI processes with solid and liquid matrixes should be regarded as complementary techniques rather than as competing ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Moon
- Functional Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
| | - Kyung Man Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Myung Soo Kim
- Seoul National University Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Seoul, 151-747, Korea.
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
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7
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Moon JH, Yoon S, Bae YJ, Kim MS. Formation of gas-phase peptide ions and their dissociation in MALDI: insights from kinetic and ion yield studies. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:94-115. [PMID: 24863621 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Insights on mechanisms for the generation of gas-phase peptide ions and their dissociation in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) gained from the kinetic and ion yield studies are presented. Even though the time-resolved photodissociation technique was initially used to determine the dissociation kinetics of peptide ions and their effective temperature, it was replaced by a simpler method utilizing dissociation yields from in-source decay (ISD) and post-source decay (PSD). The ion yields for a matrix and a peptide were measured by repeatedly irradiating a region on a sample and collecting ion signals until the sample in the region was completely depleted. Matrix- and peptide-derived gas-phase cations were found to be generated by pre-formed ion emission or by ion-pair emission followed by anion loss, but not by laser-induced ionization. The total number of ions, that is, matrix plus peptide, was found to be equal to the number of ions emitted from a pure matrix. A matrix plume was found to cool as it expanded, from around 800-1,000 K to 400-500 K. Dissociation of peptide ions along b/y channels was found to occur statistically, that is, following RRKM behavior. Small critical energy (E0 = 0.6-0.7 eV) and highly negative critical entropy (ΔS(‡) = -30 to -25 eu) suggested that the transition structure was stabilized by multiple intramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Moon
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
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8
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Bae YJ, Shin YS, Moon JH, Kim MS. Degree of ionization in MALDI of peptides: thermal explanation for the gas-phase ion formation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:1326-35. [PMID: 22653466 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Degree of ionization (DI) in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) was measured for five peptides using α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnanmic acid (CHCA) as the matrix. DIs were low 10(-4) for peptides and 10(-7) for CHCA. Total number of ions (i.e., peptide plus matrix) was the same regardless of peptides and their concentration, setting the number of gas-phase ions generated from a pure matrix as the upper limit to that of peptide ions. Positively charged cluster ions were too weak to support the ion formation via such ions. The total number of gas-phase ions generated by MALDI, and that from pure CHCA, was unaffected by the laser pulse energy, invalidating laser-induced ionization of matrix molecules as the mechanism for the primary ion formation. Instead, the excitation of matrix by laser is simply a way of supplying thermal energy to the sample. Accepting strong Coulomb attraction felt by cations in a solid sample, we propose three hypotheses for gas-phase peptide ion formation. In Hypothesis 1, they originate from the dielectrically screened peptide ions in the sample. In Hypothesis 2, the preformed peptide ions are released as part of neutral ion pairs, which generate gas-phase peptide ions via reaction with matrix-derived cations. In Hypothesis 3, neutral peptides released by ablation get protonated via reaction with matrix-derived cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jin Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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9
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Kelly O, Calvert CR, Greenwood JB, Zettergren H, Nielsen SB, Wyer JA. Effects of charge location on the absorptions and lifetimes of protonated tyrosine peptides in vacuo. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:1701-9. [PMID: 22268622 DOI: 10.1021/jp208578w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nearby charges affect the electronic energy levels of chromophores, with the extent of the effect being determined by the magnitude of the charge and degree of charge-chromophore separation. The molecular configuration dictates the charge-chromophore distance. Hence, in this study, we aim to assess how the location of the charge influences the absorption of a set of model protonated and diprotonated peptide ions, and whether spectral differences are large enough to be identified. The studied ions were the dipeptide YK, the tripeptide KYK (Y = tyrosine; K = lysine) and their complexes with 18-crown-6-ether (CE). The CE targets the ammonium group by forming internal ionic hydrogen bonds and limits the folding of the peptide. In the tripeptide, the distance between the chromophore and the backbone ammonium is enlarged relative to that in the dipeptide. Experiments were performed in an electrostatic ion storage ring using a tunable laser system, and action spectra based on lifetime measurements were obtained in the range from 210 to 310 nm. The spectra are all quite similar though there seems to be some changes in the absorption band between 210 and 250 nm, while in the lower energy band all ions had a maximum absorption at ~275 nm. Lifetimes after photoexcitation were found to shorten upon protonation and lengthen upon CE complexation, in accordance with the increased number of degrees of freedom and an increase in activation energies for dissociation as the mobile proton model is no longer operative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla Kelly
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
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10
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Moon JH, Shin YS, Bae YJ, Kim MS. Ion yields for some salts in MALDI: mechanism for the gas-phase ion formation from preformed ions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:162-170. [PMID: 22048904 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Preformed ion emission is the main assumption in one of the prevailing theories for peptide and protein ion formation in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI). Since salts are in preformed ion forms in the matrix-analyte mixture, they are ideal systems to study the characteristics of preformed ion emission. In this work, a reliable method to measure the ion yield (IY) in MALDI was developed and used for a solid salt benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride and two room-temperature ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate. IY for the matrix (α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, CHCA) was also measured. Taking 1 pmol salts in 25 nmol CHCA as examples, IYs for three salts were similar, (4-8) × 10(-4), and those for CHCA were (0.8-1.2) × 10(-7). Even though IYs for the salts and CHCA remained virtually constant at low analyte concentration, they decreased as the salt concentrations increased. Two models, Model 1 and Model 2, were proposed to explain low IYs for the salts and the concentration dependences. Both models are based on the fact that the ion-pair formation equilibrium is highly shifted toward the neutral ion pair. In Model 1, the gas-phase analyte cations were proposed to originate from the same cations in the solid that were dielectrically screened from counter anions by matrix neutrals. In Model 2, preformed ions were assumed to be released from the solid sample in the form of neutral ion pairs and the anions in the ion pairs were assumed to be eliminated via reactions with matrix-derived cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Moon
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
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Yoon SH, Moon JH, Kim MS. Changes in dissociation efficiency and kinetics of peptide ions induced by basic residues and their mechanistic implication. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2011; 22:214-220. [PMID: 21472581 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-010-0043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
With matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry, total abundance of product ions formed by dissociation inside (in-source decay, ISD) and outside (post-source decay, PSD) the source was measured for peptide ions [Y(5)X + H](+), [XY(5) + H](+), [Y 2)XY(3) + H](+), and [XY(4)X + H](+) (X = tyrosine (Y), histidine (H), lysine (K), and arginine (R) with H for the ionizing proton). α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinammic acid was used as matrix. Product abundance became smaller in the presence of basic residues (H, K, and R), in the order Y > H ≈ K > R. In particular, product abundances in ISD of peptide ions with R were smaller than those with H or K by an order of magnitude, which, in turn, were smaller than that for [Y(6) + H](+) by an order of magnitude. Product abundance was affected by the most basic residue when more than one basic residue was present. A kinetic explanation for the data was attempted under the assumption of quasi-thermal equilibrium for peptide ions in MALDI plume which undergoes expansion cooling. Dramatic disparity in product abundance was found to arise from small difference in critical energy and entropy. Results indicate similar transition structures regardless of basic residues present, where the ionizing proton keeps interacting with a basic site. Further implication of the results on the dissociation mechanism along b-y channels is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Yoon SH, Moon JH, Kim MS. A comparative study of in- and post-source decays of peptide and preformed ions in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry: effective temperature and matrix effect. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:1876-1883. [PMID: 20696595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In-source decay (ISD) and post-source decay (PSD) of a peptide ion ([Y(6) + H](+)) and a preformed ion (benzyltriphenylphosphonium, BTPP) generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) were investigated with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinammic acid (CHCA) and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) were used as matrices. For both ions, ISD yield was unaffected by delay time, indicating rapid termination of ISD. This was taken as evidence for rapid expansion cooling of hot "early" plume formed in MALDI. CHCA was hotter than DHB for [Y(6) + H](+) while the matrix effect was insignificant for BTPP. The "early" plume temperature estimated utilizing previous kinetic results was 800-900 K, versus 400-500 K for "late" plume. The results support our previous finding that the temperature of peptide ions interrogated by tandem mass spectrometry was lower than most rough estimates of MALDI temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Yoon SH, Moon JH, Kim MS. Dissociation mechanisms and implication for the presence of multiple conformations for peptide ions with arginine at the C-terminus: time-resolved photodissociation study. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:806-814. [PMID: 20564416 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved photodissociation (PD) patterns of singly protonated peptides with arginine at the C-terminus (C-arg peptide ions) have been used to classify the dissociation channels into two categories, i.e. high-energy channels generating v, w and x and low-energy ones generating b, y and z. x + 1 formed by C(alpha)-CO cleavage seems to be the intermediate ion in high-energy channels just as a + 1 is for N-arg peptide ions. Difference in time-resolved pattern indicates that the two sets of channels, high- and low-energy ones, are not in direct competition. Noncompetitive dissociation is also indicated by the observation of anomalous effect of matrix used in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, a cooler matrix generating more high-energy product ions both in spontaneous dissociation and in PD. Results from detailed investigation suggest that the two sets of channels start from two (or more) different conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Moon JH, Yoon SH, Bae YJ, Kim MS. Dissociation kinetics of singly protonated leucine enkephalin investigated by time-resolved photodissociation tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:1151-1158. [PMID: 20409731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The yields of post-source decay (PSD) and time-resolved photodissociation (PD) at 193 and 266 nm were measured for singly protonated leucine enkephalin ([YGGFL + H](+)), a benchmark in the study of peptide ion dissociation, by using tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The peptide ion was generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) using 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid as the matrix. The critical energy (E(0)) and entropy (DeltaS(++) at 1000 K) for the dissociation were determined by Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus fit of the experimental data. MALDI was done for a mixture of YGGFL and Y(6) and the plume temperature determined by the kinetic analysis of [Y(6) + H](+) data were used to improve the precision of E(0) and DeltaS(++) for [YGGFL + H](+). E(0) and DeltaS(++) thus determined (E(0) = 0.67 +/- 0.08 eV, DeltaS(++) = -24.4 +/- 3.2 eu with 1 eu = 4.184 J K(-1)mol(-1)) were significantly different from those determined by blackbody infrared radiative dissociation (BIRD) (E(0) = 1.10 eV, DeltaS(++) = -14.9 eu), and by surface-induced dissociation (SID) (E(0) = 1.13 eV, DeltaS(double dagger) = -10.3 eu). Analysis of the present experimental data with the SID kinetics (and BIRD kinetics also) led to an unrealistic situation where not only PSD and PD but also MALDI-TOF signals could not be detected. As an explanation for the discrepancy, it was suggested that transition-state switching occurs from an energy bottleneck (SID/BIRD) to an entropy bottleneck (PSD/PD) as the internal energy increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Moon
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea
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Bae YJ, Yoon SH, Moon JH, Kim MS. Optimization of Reflectron for Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies with Multiplexed Multiple Tandem (MSn) Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Kurnosenko S, Moskovets E. On the high-resolution mass analysis of the product ions in tandem time-of-flight (TOF/TOF) mass spectrometers using a time-dependent re-acceleration technique. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:63-74. [PMID: 19960493 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The time-dependent reacceleration of product ions produced as a result of dissociation of a single precursor ion in a tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer is considered for the first time. Analytical expressions for the shapes of electric pulses bringing all the kinetic energies of the product ions to the same value are derived for two cases: forward acceleration mode and deceleration, followed by re-acceleration in the reversed direction (reversed mode). Secondary time-of-flight focusing resulting from the re-acceleration in the reversed mode is shown to be mass-dependent and, when averaged over a wide mass range, the focusing is tight enough to provide mass resolution exceeding 10,000. After time-dependent re-acceleration, additional compression of the ion packet width leading to better mass resolution can be obtained by decelerating the ions in a constant field.
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Kim KM, Lee SG, Cho YA, Song YG, Song JY, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Baik SC. Identification ofHelicobacter pyloriStrain 51 Major Outer Membrane Proteins by Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2010.40.3.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Gyu Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-A Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yun-Gyu Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jea-Young Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Myung-Je Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
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18
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Shin YS, Moon JH, Kim MS. Observation of phosphorylation site-specific dissociation of singly protonated phosphopeptides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:53-59. [PMID: 19836972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In ultraviolet photodissociation of phosphopeptide ions with a basic residue (arginine, lysine, or histidine) at the N-terminus, intense a(n) - 97 peaks were observed. These ions were formed by cleavage at phosphorylated residues only. For multiply phosphorylated peptides, this site-specific cleavage occurred at every phosphorylated residue. H/D exchange studies showed that a(n) - 97 was formed by H(3)PO(4) loss from a(n) + 1 radical cations. The site-specificity of phosphate loss observed here is in contrast to the nonspecific phosphate loss from b(n) and y(n) reported previously. Characteristics of the reaction and its potential utility for phosphopeptide analysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sik Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Ehlerding A, Wyer JA, Zettergren H, Kirketerp MBS, Nielsen SB. UV Photodissociation of Protonated Gly-Trp and Trp-Gly Dipeptides and Their Complexes with Crown Ether in an Electrostatic Ion Storage Ring. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:299-303. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9086317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Ehlerding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jean Ann Wyer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henning Zettergren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Steen Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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20
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Kim TY, Schwartz JC, Reilly JP. Development of a Linear Ion Trap/Orthogonal-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer for Time-Dependent Observation of Product Ions by Ultraviolet Photodissociation of Peptide Ions. Anal Chem 2009; 81:8809-17. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9013258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Thermo Electron, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, California 95134
| | - Jae C. Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Thermo Electron, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, California 95134
| | - James P. Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Thermo Electron, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, California 95134
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21
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Yoon SH, Moon JH, Chung YJ, Kim MS. Influence of basic residues on dissociation kinetics and dynamics of singly protonated peptides: time-resolved photodissociation study. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2009; 44:1532-1537. [PMID: 19753580 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Product ion yields in postsource decay and time-resolved photodissociation at 193 and 266 nm were measured for some peptide ions with lysine ([KF6 + H]+, [F6K + H]+, and [F3KF3 + H]+) formed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization. The critical energy (E0) and entropy (DeltaS(double dagger)) were determined by RRKM fitting of the data. The results were similar to those found previously for peptide ions with histidine. To summarize, the presence of a basic residue, histidine or lysine, inside a peptide ion retarded its dissociation by lowering DeltaS(double dagger). On the basis of highly negative DeltaS(double dagger), presence of intramolecular interaction involving a basic group in the transition structure was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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22
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Yoon SH, Moon JH, Kim MS. Time-resolved photodissociation study of singly protonated peptides with a histidine residue generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization: dissociation rate constant and internal temperature. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:1522-1529. [PMID: 19467884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 04/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Product ion yields in post-source decay and time-resolved photodissociation at 193 and 266 nm were measured for some peptide ions with a histidine residue ([HF(6) + H](+), [F(6)H + H](+), and [F(3)HF(3) + H](+)) formed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI). Compared with similar data for peptide ions without any basic residue reported previously, significant reduction in dissociation efficiency was observed. Internal temperatures (T) of the peptide ions and their dissociation kinetic parameters-the critical energy (E(0)) and entropy (DeltaS(double dagger))-were determined by the method reported previously. Slight decreases in E(0), DeltaS(double dagger), and T were responsible for the histidine effect-reduction in dissociation rate constant. Regardless of the presence of the residue, DeltaS(double dagger) was far more negative than previous quantum chemical results. Based on this, we propose the existence of transition structures in which the nitrogen atoms in the histidine residue or at the N-terminus coordinate to the reaction centers. Reduction in T in the presence of a histidine residue could not be explained based on popular models for ion formation in MALDI, such as the gas-phase proton transfer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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23
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Wyer JA, Ehlerding A, Zettergren H, Kirketerp MBS, Brøndsted Nielsen S. Tagging of Protonated Ala-Tyr and Tyr-Ala by Crown Ether Prevents Direct Hydrogen Loss and Proton Mobility after Photoexcitation: Importance for Gas-Phase Absorption Spectra, Dissociation Lifetimes, and Channels. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:9277-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904053d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Ann Wyer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anneli Ehlerding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henning Zettergren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Maj-Britt S. Kirketerp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Steen Brøndsted Nielsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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24
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Vasicek LA, Wilson JJ, Brodbelt JS. Improved infrared multiphoton dissociation of peptides through N-terminal phosphonite derivatization. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:377-384. [PMID: 19027323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A strategy for improving the sequencing of peptides by infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) in a linear ion trap mass spectrometer is described. We have developed an N-terminal derivatization reagent, 4-methylphosphonophenylisothiocyanate (PPITC), which allows the attachment of an IR-chromogenic phosphonite group to the N-terminus of peptides, thus enhancing their IRMPD efficiencies. After the facile derivatization process, the PPITC-modified peptides require shorter irradiation times for efficient IRMPD and yield extensive series of y ions, including those of low m/z that are not detected upon traditional CID. The resulting IRMPD mass spectra afford more complete sequence coverage for both model peptides and tryptic peptides from cytochrome c. We compare the effectiveness of this derivatization/IRMPD approach to that of a common N-terminal sulfonation reaction that utilizes 4-sulfophenylisothiocyanate (SPITC) in conjunction with CID and IRMPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Vasicek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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25
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Moon JH, Yoon SH, Kim MS. Temperature of Peptide Ions Generated by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization and Their Dissociation Kinetic Parameters. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:2071-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp810077e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, and Systemic Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - So Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, and Systemic Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - Myung Soo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, and Systemic Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
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26
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Kinetics and Mechanism for the Formation of b- and y-type Ions from Singly Protonated Peptides on a Microsecond Time Scale: The Arginine Mystery. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2008. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2008.29.12.2427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Shin YS, Moon JH, Kim MS. Construction and Performance Test of a Multiplexed Multistage (MSn) Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer. Anal Chem 2008; 80:9700-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ac801675r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Sik Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, and Systemic Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, and Systemic Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - Myung Soo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, and Systemic Proteomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
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28
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Antol I, Vazdar M, Barbatti M, Eckert-Maksić M. The effect of protonation on the photodissociation processes in formamide – An ab initio surface hopping dynamics study. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Yoon SH, Chung YJ, Kim MS. Time-resolved photodissociation of singly protonated peptides with an arginine at the N-terminus: a statistical interpretation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 19:645-655. [PMID: 18356076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Time-evolution of product ion signals in ultraviolet photodissociation (UV-PD) of singly protonated peptides with an arginine at the N-terminus was investigated by using a tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer equipped with a cell floated at high voltage. Observation of different time-evolution patterns for different product ion types--an apparently nonstatistical behavior--could be explained within the statistical framework by invoking consecutive formation of some product ions and broad internal energy distributions for precursor ions. a(n) + 1 and b(n) ions were taken as the primary product ions from this type of peptide ions. Spectral characteristics in post-source decay, UV-PD, and collisionally activated dissociation at low and high kinetic energies could be explained via rough statistical calculation of rate constants. Specifically, the striking characteristics in high-energy CAD and UV-PD--dominance of a(n) and d(n) formed via a(n) + 1--were not due to the peculiarity of the excitation processes themselves, but due to quenching of the b(n) channels caused by the presence of arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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