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Genovesi W, Comenale IC, Genovesi Filho W, Veloso Fernandes M. Biomechanical comparative analysis of temporomandibular joint, glenoid fossa and head of the condyle of conventional models prothesis with new PEEK design. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:529-541. [PMID: 35859613 PMCID: PMC9289641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the design of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prostheses used for TMJ joint replacement from 2000 to 2020. The TMJ is a complex joint, with distinct anatomical and functional characteristics making it challenging to maintain. Many authors from the early 20th century reported techniques for TMJ reconstruction, with the goal of restoring its shape and ideal function. Many prototypes have been developed in pursuit of an ideal prosthesis that adheres to the principles of biomechanics and biocompatibility, with good long-term performance and lower cost. The TMJ prosthesis is divided in two parts: the glenoid fossa and the mandibular ramus component. These two parts are fixed with metal screws in the glenoid fossa and fixed in the zygomatic arch with 4 or 5 screws. The mandibular part is fixed to the mandible ramus with 8 or 9 titanium screws. In our review, since 2000 to 2020, little has changed to improve the design and allow for natural mandible movement. From 2000 to 2006, 48 TMJ surgeries were performed using UHMWPE with this design. All patients had good results, preserving opening mouth and lateral movements. All the designs are similar in principle. The glenoid fossa, which resembles a box, limiting the rotation and translation movement. It is known that lateral movements are lost in function as the lateral pterygoid muscle is detached.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iara Cristina Comenale
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biomechanics Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Moises Veloso Fernandes
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biomechanics Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Guo J, Chen J, Wang J, Ren G, Tian Q, Guo C. EMG-assisted forward dynamics simulation of subject-specific mandible musculoskeletal system. J Biomech 2022; 139:111143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Vîrlan MJR, Păun DL, Bordea EN, Pellegrini A, Spînu AD, Ivașcu RV, Nimigean V, Nimigean VR. Factors influencing the articular eminence of the temporomandibular joint (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1084. [PMID: 34447477 PMCID: PMC8355702 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the most complex and evolved joint in humans, presents two articular surfaces: the condyle of the mandible and the articular eminence (AE) of the temporal bone. AE is the anterior root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and has an anterior and a posterior slope, the latter being also known as the articular surface. AE is utterly important in the biomechanics of the TMJ, as the mandibular condyle slides along the posterior slope of the AE while the mandible moves. The aim of this review was to assess significant factors influencing the inclination of the AE, especially modifications caused by aging, biological sex or edentulism. Studies have reported variations in the angles of the slopes of the AE between medieval and recent human dry skulls, as well as between subjects of different racial origin. Recent articles have emphasized the significant role that tooth loss has on the flattening of the AE. Although some papers have described biological sex or age as factors which could be associated with differences in AE angulations, edentulism seems to be a significant factor impacting on the inclination of the AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Justina Roxana Vîrlan
- Discipline of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Loreta Păun
- Discipline of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Nicoleta Bordea
- Department of Specific Disciplines, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Angelo Pellegrini
- Department of Specific Disciplines, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Arsenie Dan Spînu
- Discipline of Urology, 'Dr Carol Davila' Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Victoria Ivașcu
- Discipline of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Victor Nimigean
- Discipline of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vanda Roxana Nimigean
- Discipline of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Pachnicz D, Stróżyk P. A Biomechanical Analysis of Muscle Force Changes After Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy. Front Physiol 2021; 12:679644. [PMID: 34149457 PMCID: PMC8209381 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.679644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A basic procedure affecting maxillofacial geometry is the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. During the surgery, the bony segments are placed in a new position that provides the correct occlusion. Changes in the geometry of the mandible will affect the surrounding structures and will have a significant impact on the functioning of the masticatory system. As a result of the displacement of the bone segment, the biomechanical conditions change, i.e., the load and the position of the muscles. The primary aim of this study was to determine the changes in the values of the muscular forces caused by mandible geometry alteration. The study considered the translation and rotation of the distal segment, as well as rotations of the proximal segments in three axes. Calculations were performed for the unilateral, static loading of a model based on rigid body mechanics. Muscles were modeled as spring elements, and a novel approach was used to determine muscle stiffness. In addition, an attempt was made, based on the results obtained for single displacements separately, to determine the changes in muscle forces for geometries with complex displacements. Based on the analysis of the results, it was shown that changes in the geometry of the mandibular bone associated with the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy will have a significant effect on the values of the masticatory muscle forces. Displacement of the distal segment has the greatest effect from -21.69 to 26.11%, while the proximal segment rotations affected muscle force values to a less extent, rarely exceeding 1%. For Yaw and Pitch rotations, the opposite effect of changes within one muscle is noticed. Changes in muscle forces for complex geometry changes can be determined with a high degree of accuracy by the appropriate summation of results obtained for simple cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Pachnicz
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Przemysław Stróżyk
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
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Sagl B, Schmid-Schwap M, Piehslinger E, Kundi M, Stavness I. A Dynamic Jaw Model With a Finite-Element Temporomandibular Joint. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1156. [PMID: 31607939 PMCID: PMC6757193 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The masticatory region is an important human motion system that is essential for basic human tasks like mastication, speech or swallowing. An association between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and high temporomandibular joint (TMJ) stress has been suggested, but in vivo joint force measurements are not feasible to directly test this assumption. Consequently, biomechanical computer simulation remains as one of a few means to investigate this complex system. To thoroughly examine orofacial biomechanics, we developed a novel, dynamic computer model of the masticatory system. The model combines a muscle driven rigid body model of the jaw region with a detailed finite element model (FEM) disk and elastic foundation (EF) articular cartilage. The model is validated using high-resolution MRI data for protrusion and opening that were collected from the same volunteer. Joint stresses for a clenching task as well as protrusive and opening movements are computed. Simulations resulted in mandibular positions as well as disk positions and shapes that agree well with the MRI data. The model computes reasonable disk stress patterns for dynamic tasks. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge this model presents the first ever contact model using a combination of EF layers and a FEM body, which results in a clear decrease in computation time. In conclusion, the presented model is a valuable tool for the investigation of the human TMJ and can potentially help in the future to increase the understanding of the masticatory system and the relationship between TMD and joint stress and to highlight potential therapeutic approaches for the restoration of orofacial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Sagl
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Schmid-Schwap
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Piehslinger
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Institute of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian Stavness
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Frid P, Resnick C, Abramowicz S, Stoustrup P, Nørholt SE. Surgical correction of dentofacial deformities in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 48:1032-1042. [PMID: 30704836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess current evidence for the surgical correction of dentofacial deformities in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement from juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). A systematic literature review, according to the PRISMA guidelines, was conducted. Meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, observational studies, and case reports were eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria were no JIA diagnosis, no clearly defined outcomes, dual publications (except meta-analyses), non peer-reviewed studies, non English language publications, and animal studies. The outcome measures assessed were TMJ function, skeletal alignment, and morbidity. The database search identified 255 citations, of which 28 met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 24 were case reports or case series with a low level of evidence that did not allow for meta-analysis. Extrapolated evidence supports orthognathic surgery in skeletally mature patients with controlled or quiescent JIA and a stable dentofacial deformity. Distraction osteogenesis was recommended for severe deformities. Some authors demonstrated unpredictable postoperative mandibular growth with costochondral grafts. Alloplastic TMJ reconstruction was efficacious, but should be used cautiously in skeletally immature patients. TMJ function and skeletal alignment was improved with reconstruction by any technique and morbidity was low. The surgical correction of arthritis-induced dentofacial deformities is indicated but the level of evidence is low. Prospective multicenter studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Frid
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital North Norway and Public Dental Service Competence Centre of North Norway and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - C Resnick
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MS, USA; Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MS, USA
| | - S Abramowicz
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, and Section of Dentistry/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Stoustrup
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - S E Nørholt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital and Section of Oral Surgery and Oral Pathology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Nickel JC, Iwasaki LR, Gonzalez YM, Gallo LM, Yao H. Mechanobehavior and Ontogenesis of the Temporomandibular Joint. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1185-1192. [PMID: 30004817 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518786469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial secondary cartilages of the mandibular condyle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) eminence grow in response to the local mechanical environment. The intervening TMJ disc distributes normal loads over the cartilage surfaces and provides lubrication. A better understanding of the mechanical environment and its effects on growth, development, and degeneration of the TMJ may improve treatments aimed at modifying jaw growth and preventing or reversing degenerative joint disease (DJD). This review highlights data recorded in human subjects and from computer modeling that elucidate the role of mechanics in TMJ ontogeny. Presented data provide an approximation of the age-related changes in jaw-loading behaviors and TMJ contact mechanics. The cells of the mandibular condyle, eminence, and disc respond to the mechanical environment associated with behaviors and ultimately determine the TMJ components' mature morphologies and susceptibility to precocious development of DJD compared to postcranial joints. The TMJ disc may be especially prone to degenerative change due to its avascularity and steep oxygen and glucose gradients consequent to high cell density and rate of nutrient consumption, as well as low solute diffusivities. The combined effects of strain-related hypoxia and limited glucose concentrations dramatically affect synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which limit repair capabilities. Magnitude and frequency of jaw loading influence this localized in situ environment, including stem and fibrocartilage cell chemistry, as well as the rate of ECM mechanical fatigue. Key in vivo measurements to characterize the mechanical environment include the concentration of work input to articulating tissues, known as energy density, and the percentage of time that muscles are used to load the jaws out of a total recording time, known as duty factor. Combining these measurements into a mechanobehavioral score and linking these to results of computer models of strain-regulated biochemical events may elucidate the mechanisms responsible for growth, maintenance, and deterioration of TMJ tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Nickel
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,2 Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - L R Iwasaki
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,2 Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Y M Gonzalez
- 2 Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - L M Gallo
- 3 Department of Masticatory Disorders, University of Zurich School of Dental Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H Yao
- 4 Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.,5 Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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8
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Determining the Patient-Specific Optimum Osteotomy Line for Severe Mandibular Retrognathia Patients. J Craniofac Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Marková M, Gallo LM. The influence of the human TMJ eminence inclination on predicted masticatory muscle forces. Hum Mov Sci 2016; 49:132-40. [PMID: 27376178 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim of this paper was to investigate the change in masticatory muscle forces and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reaction forces simulated by inverse dynamics when thesteepness of the anterior fossa slope was varied. We used the model by de Zee et al. (2007) created in AnyBody™. The model was equipped with 24musculotendon actuators. Mandibular movement was governed by thetrajectory of theincisal point. The TMJ was modelled as a planar constraint canted 5°medially and thecaudal inclination relative to the occlusal plane was varied from 10° to 70°. Our models showed that for the two simulated movements (empty chewing and unilateral clenching) the joint reaction forces were smallest for the eminence inclination of 30° and 40° and highest for 70°. The muscle forces were relatively insensitive to change of the eminence inclination for the angles between 20° and 50°. This did not hold for the pterygoid muscle, for which the muscle forces increased continually with increasing fossa inclination. For empty chewing the muscle force reached smaller values than for clenching. During clenching, the muscle forces changed by up to 200N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michala Marková
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Removable Prosthodontics, Geriatric and Special Care Dentistry, University of Zürich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory of Biomechanics, Department of Mechanics, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 4, 16607 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Luigi M Gallo
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Removable Prosthodontics, Geriatric and Special Care Dentistry, University of Zürich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Iwasaki LR, Liu H, Gonzalez YM, Marx DB, Nickel JC. Modeling of muscle forces in humans with and without temporomandibular joint disorders. Orthod Craniofac Res 2015; 18 Suppl 1:170-9. [PMID: 25865546 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Subjects with/without temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJD) were tested for differences in muscle forces. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo. Ninety-one subjects were classified in four groups based on the presence/absence (±) of chronic myofascial and/or TMJ pain (P) and bilateral disc displacement (DD). MATERIAL AND METHODS Validated numerical models employed an organizational objective and subjects' anatomy to calculate masticatory muscle forces during static biting. anova and Holm's step-down procedure post hoc tests assessed group differences. Theoretical geometries, representing the range of subjects' muscle orientations, were surveyed via numerical models to identify key combinations resulting in high muscle forces. Effect size (Cohen's d) and anova/post hoc tests assessed group differences in key muscle orientations. RESULTS +P-DD subjects had significantly higher muscle forces, especially for lateral pterygoid muscles, compared to the other groups (p<0.01) for bite forces that were directed posteromedially or posterolaterally on mandibular molars and posteriorly and slightly medially on mandibular incisors. Key muscle orientations for peak lateral pterygoid muscle forces were identified, and group comparisons showed mean orientation in +P-DD compared to other diagnostic groups was ≥5° more upright for masseter and ≥3° more posteriorly directed for temporalis muscles (all Cohen's d≥0.8). CONCLUSION Predicted lateral pterygoid muscle forces were significantly higher in +P-DD compared to other groups for specific biting conditions and were attributable, in part, to differences in masseter and temporalis muscle orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Iwasaki
- Departments of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics and Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Nickel JC, Gonzalez YM, McCall WD, Ohrbach R, Marx DB, Liu H, Iwasaki LR. Muscle organization in individuals with and without pain and joint dysfunction. J Dent Res 2012; 91:568-73. [PMID: 22522774 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512445909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system organization of masticatory muscles determines the magnitude of joint and muscle forces. Validated computer-assisted models of neuromuscular organization during biting were used to determine organization in individuals with and without temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Ninety-one individuals (47 women, 44 men) were assigned to one of four diagnostic groups based on the presence (+) or absence (-) of pain (P) and bilateral temporomandibular joint disc displacement (DD). Electromyography and bite-forces were measured during right and left incisor and molar biting. Two three-dimensional models employing neuromuscular objectives of minimization of joint loads (MJL) or muscle effort (MME) simulated biting tasks. Evaluations of diagnostic group and gender effects on choice of best-fit model were by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey-Kramer post hoc tests, evaluations of right-left symmetry were by Chi-square and Fisher's exact statistics, and evaluations of model accuracy were by within-subject linear regressions. MME was the best-fit during left molar biting in +DD individuals and incisor biting in men (all p < 0.03). Incisor biting symmetry in muscle organization was significantly higher (p < 0.03) in healthy individuals compared with those with TMD. Within-subject regressions showed that best-fit model errors were similar among groups: 8 to 15% (0.68 ≤ R(2) ≤ 0.74). These computer-assisted models predicted muscle organization during static biting in humans with and without TMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Nickel
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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Hannam AG. Current computational modelling trends in craniomandibular biomechanics and their clinical implications. J Oral Rehabil 2010; 38:217-34. [PMID: 20819138 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2010.02149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Computational models of interactions in the craniomandibular apparatus are used with increasing frequency to study biomechanics in normal and abnormal masticatory systems. Methods and assumptions in these models can be difficult to assess by those unfamiliar with current practices in this field; health professionals are often faced with evaluating the appropriateness, validity and significance of models which are perhaps more familiar to the engineering community. This selective review offers a foundation for assessing the strength and implications of a craniomandibular modelling study. It explores different models used in general science and engineering and focuses on current best practices in biomechanics. The problem of validation is considered at some length, because this is not always fully realisable in living subjects. Rigid-body, finite element and combined approaches are discussed, with examples of their application to basic and clinically relevant problems. Some advanced software platforms currently available for modelling craniomandibular systems are mentioned. Recent studies of the face, masticatory muscles, tongue, craniomandibular skeleton, temporomandibular joint, dentition and dental implants are reviewed, and the significance of non-linear and non-isotropic material properties is emphasised. The unique challenges in clinical application are discussed, and the review concludes by posing some questions which one might reasonably expect to find answered in plausible modelling studies of the masticatory apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Hannam
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Neal ML, Kerckhoffs R. Current progress in patient-specific modeling. Brief Bioinform 2010; 11:111-26. [PMID: 19955236 PMCID: PMC2810113 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbp049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 09/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a survey of recent advancements in the emerging field of patient-specific modeling (PSM). Researchers in this field are currently simulating a wide variety of tissue and organ dynamics to address challenges in various clinical domains. The majority of this research employs three-dimensional, image-based modeling techniques. Recent PSM publications mostly represent feasibility or preliminary validation studies on modeling technologies, and these systems will require further clinical validation and usability testing before they can become a standard of care. We anticipate that with further testing and research, PSM-derived technologies will eventually become valuable, versatile clinical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell Lewis Neal
- Division of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Washington, USA
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