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Düzel A, Bora B, Özgen GÖ, Evran S. Selection of DNA aptamers for the aptamer-assisted magnetic capture of the purified xylanase from Aspergillus niger. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128540. [PMID: 38061523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Xylanases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of xylan. Xylanases have wide industrial applications, and they can produced by various organisms. In this study, we aimed to develop aptamers for the capture of xylanase produced by a wild-type Aspergillus niger strain. Xylanase was produced by Aspergillus niger in a 5-liter stirred-tank bioreactor and then purified by column chromatography. Magnetic bead-based SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) was performed to select DNA aptamers specific to the purified xylanase. After nine rounds of selection, next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis was performed. Four aptamers, namely AXYL-1, AXYL-2, AXYL-3, and AXYL-4, were identified for further characterization. The binding properties of the selected aptamers were characterized by fluorescence quenching (FQ) analysis and an enzyme-linked aptamer assay (ELAA). The Kd values were found to be in the low μM range. Then, each aptamer was immobilized on streptavidin-coated magnetic particles, and the recovery ratio of xylanase was determined. Although AXYL-1 wasn't effective, AXYL-2, AXYL-3, and AXYL-4 were proven to capture the xylanase. The maximum recovery rate of xylanase was found to be approximately 54 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Düzel
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Sinop University, 57000 Sinop, Türkiye.
| | - Burhan Bora
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Gaye Öngen Özgen
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Serap Evran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye
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Aqueous biphasic systems: A robust platform for green extraction of biomolecules. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Enhanced recovery of astaxanthin from recombinant Kluyveromyces marxianus with ultrasonication-assisted alcohol/salt aqueous biphasic system. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 132:513-518. [PMID: 34479804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial astaxanthin with strong antioxidant activity is greatly demanded for diverse applications. Extractive disruption in aqueous biphasic system (ABS) integrates the cells disruption and biomolecules recovery processes in one-step operation, allowing the direct recovery of intracellular biomolecules with biphasic system upon released from cells. In this study, astaxanthin was recovered from recombinant Kluyveromyces marxianus yeast cells via extractive disruption using alcohol/salt ABS. Recombinant K. marxianus yeast is engineered to produce high concentration of free form astaxanthin. Highest partition coefficient (K = 90.02 ± 2.25) and yield (Y = 96.80% ± 0.05) of astaxanthin were obtained with ABS composed of 20% (w/w) 1-propanol and 20% (w/w) sodium citrate of pH 5, 0.5% (w/w) yeast cells loading and additional of 1% (w/w) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (Bmim)BF4 to improve the migration of astaxanthin to alcohol-rich top phase. The incorporation of 2.5 h of ultrasonication to the biphasic system further enhanced the astaxanthin recovery in ABS. The direct recovery of astaxanthin from recombinant K. marxianus cells was demonstrated with the ultrasonication-assisted alcohol/salt ABS which integrates the extraction and concentration of astaxanthin in a single-step operation.
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Ng HS, Kee PE, Yim HS, Tan JS, Chow YH, Lan JCW. Characterization of alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system for optimal separation of gallic acids. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 131:537-542. [PMID: 33674222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is a hydrophilic polyphenol which is noteworthy for strong antioxidant capacity. The drawbacks of conventional extraction approaches such as time-consuming and high processing cost are often viewed as a hurdle to extract GA from plant sources in industrial scale. Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is a separation approach which can be employed as an alternative to the conventional approaches. The partition behaviour of GA in an alcohol/salt ATPS was investigated in this study to aid the development of industrial scale ATPS to extract GA from natural sources. The separation of GA was characterized by determining the types of alcohol and salt, phase composition, sample load, pH of the system and addition of adjuvants applied in the alcohol/salt ATPS construction. The hydrophilic GA was targeted to the salt-rich phase of the alcohol/salt ATPS with a partition coefficient (KGA) of 25.00 ± 0.00. The optimum condition of ATPS for the maximum partition of GA was achieved in ATPS comprised of 24% (w/w) 1-propanol and 22% (w/w) phosphate salt at pH 8 with 5% (w/w) of 1 mg/mL sample loading and 2% (w/w) NaCl addition. The findings suggest that ATPS can be applied for separation of GA from various natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Suan Ng
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Phei Er Kee
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hip Seng Yim
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joo Shun Tan
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yin Hui Chow
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Information and Technology, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - John Chi-Wei Lan
- Biorefinery and Bioprocessing Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Chow YH, Sahlini A, Ng HS, Lan JCW. Efficacy of alcohol/sugar aqueous biphasic system on partition of bovine serum albumin. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:7. [PMID: 38650242 PMCID: PMC10991385 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of alcohol/sugar aqueous biphasic (ABS) system on protein extraction was investigated. A model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), was adopted to evaluate the effects of types and concentration of phase-forming components, protein concentration, and system pH on the protein partition efficiency. The 1-propanol/maltose ABS exhibited an overall better partition efficiency of BSA to the alcohol-rich top phase. A maximum partition coefficient (K) of 20.01 ± 0.05 and recovery yield (Y) of 95.42% ± 0.01% of BSA were achieved with 35% (w/w) 1-propanol/22% (w/w) maltose ABS at pH 5.0 for 10% (w/w) BSA load. The K and Y of BSA in 1-propanol/maltose ABS was slightly improved with the addition of 3% (w/w) of ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Bmim]Br) as the adjuvant that could provide protein stabilizing effect. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) analysis revealed that the protein structure remained unaltered upon the separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Hui Chow
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Information and Technology, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alagan Sahlini
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Information and Technology, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hui-Suan Ng
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - John Chi-Wei Lan
- Biorefinery and Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
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Kee PE, Cheah LS, Wan PK, Show PL, Lan JCW, Chow YH, Ng HS. Primary capture of Bacillus subtilis xylanase from crude feedstock using alcohol/salt liquid biphasic flotation. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Efficiency of polymer/salt aqueous two-phase electrophoresis system for recovery of extracellular Kytococcus sedentarius TWHKC01 keratinase. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Partition efficiency of cytochrome c with alcohol/salt aqueous biphasic flotation system. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 129:237-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Efficiency of Ionic Liquids-Based Aqueous Two-phase Electrophoresis for Partition of Cytochrome c. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:376-386. [PMID: 31907777 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03202-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c is a small water-soluble protein that is abundantly found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space of microorganism, plants and mammalians. Ionic liquids (ILs)-based aqueous two-phase electrophoresis system (ATPES) was introduced in this study to investigate the partition efficiency of cytochrome c to facilitate subsequent development of two-phase electrophoresis for the separation of cytochrome c from microbial fermentation. The 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, (C6mim)Br and potassium citrate salt were selected as the phase-forming components. Effects of phase composition; position of electrodes; pH and addition of neutral salt on the partition efficiency of cytochrome c in the ATPES were evaluated. Highest partition coefficient (K = 179.12 ± 0.82) and yield of cytochrome c in top phase (YT = 99.63% ± 0.00) were recorded with IL/salt ATPES composed of 30% (w/w) (C6mim)Br and 20% (w/w) potassium citrate salt of pH 7 and 3.0% (w/w) NaCl addition with anode at the bottom phase and cathode at the top phase. The SDS-PAGE profile revealed that cytochrome c with a molecular weight of 12 kDa was preferably partitioned to the IL-rich top phase. Present findings suggested that the single-step ATPES is a potential separation approach for the recovery of cytochrome c from microbial fermentation. Graphical Abstract.
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Bhardwaj N, Kumar B, Verma P. A detailed overview of xylanases: an emerging biomolecule for current and future prospective. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Xylan is the second most abundant naturally occurring renewable polysaccharide available on earth. It is a complex heteropolysaccharide consisting of different monosaccharides such as l-arabinose, d-galactose, d-mannoses and organic acids such as acetic acid, ferulic acid, glucuronic acid interwoven together with help of glycosidic and ester bonds. The breakdown of xylan is restricted due to its heterogeneous nature and it can be overcome by xylanases which are capable of cleaving the heterogeneous β-1,4-glycoside linkage. Xylanases are abundantly present in nature (e.g., molluscs, insects and microorganisms) and several microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae are used extensively for its production. Microbial xylanases show varying substrate specificities and biochemical properties which makes it suitable for various applications in industrial and biotechnological sectors. The suitability of xylanases for its application in food and feed, paper and pulp, textile, pharmaceuticals, and lignocellulosic biorefinery has led to an increase in demand of xylanases globally. The present review gives an insight of using microbial xylanases as an “Emerging Green Tool” along with its current status and future prospective.
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Lee KW, How CW, Chen L, Chen PT, Lan JCW, Ng HS. Integrated extractive disruption of Gordonia terrae cells with direct recovery of carotenoids using alcohol/salt aqueous biphasic system. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Integrated Hydrolysis of Mixed Agro-Waste for a Second Generation Biorefinery Using Nepenthes mirabilis Pod Digestive Fluids. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To sustainably operate a biorefinery with a low cost input in a commercial setting, the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass must be undertaken in a manner which will impart environmental tolerance while reducing fermenter inhibitors from the delignification process. The challenge lies with the highly recalcitrant lignin structure, which limits the conversion of the holocelluloses to fermentable total reducing sugars (TRS). Due to these challenges, sustainable and innovative methods to pre-treat biomass must be developed for delignocellulolytic operations. Herein, Nepenthes mirabilis digestive fluids shown to have ligninolytic, cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities were used as an enzyme cocktail to hydrolyse mixed agro-waste constituted by Citrus sinensis (orange), Malus domestica (apple) peels, cobs from Zea mays (maize) and Quercus robur (oak) yard waste. The digestive fluids contained carboxylesterases (529.41 ± 30.50 U/L), β-glucosidases (251.94 ± 11.48 U/L) and xylanases (36.09 ± 18.04 U/L), constituting an enzymatic cocktail with significant potential for the reduction in total residual phenolic compounds (TRPCs), while being appropriate for holocellulose hydrolysis. Furthermore, the maximum TRS obtainable was 310 ± 5.19 mg/L within 168 h, while the TRPCs were reduced from 6.25 ± 0.18 to 4.26 ± 0.09 mg/L, which was lower than that observed when conventional methods were used. Overall, N. mirabilis digestive fluids demonstrated an ability to support biocatalytic processes with minimised cellulases hydrolysis interference. Therefore, the digestive enzymes in N. mirabilis pods can be used in an integrated system for feedstock hydrolysis in a second generation biorefinery.
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Cell Separation and Disruption, Product Recovery, and Purification. ESSENTIALS IN FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16230-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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