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Paudel Y, Chachayma-Farfan DJ, Alù A, Sfeir MY. Metasurface-enhanced photochemical activity in visible light absorbing semiconductors. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:144710. [PMID: 38619060 DOI: 10.1063/5.0199589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an important research problem relevant to a variety of sustainable energy technologies. However, obtaining high photocatalytic efficiency from visible light absorbing semiconductors is challenging due to a combination of weak absorption, transport losses, and low activity. Aspects of this problem have been addressed by multilayer approaches, which provide a general scheme for engineering surface reactivity and stability independent of electronic considerations. However, an analogous broad framework for optimizing light-matter interactions has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we establish a photonic approach using semiconductor metasurfaces that is highly effective in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of GaAs, a high-performance semiconductor with a near-infrared bandgap. Our engineered pillar arrays with heights of ∼150 nm exhibit Mie resonances near 700 nm that result in near-unity absorption and exhibit a field profile that maximizes charge carrier generation near the solid-liquid interface, enabling short transport distances. Our hybrid metasurface photoanodes facilitate oxygen evolution and exhibit enhanced incident photon-to-current efficiencies that are ∼22× larger than a corresponding thin film for resonant excitation and 3× larger for white light illumination. Key to these improvements is the preferential generation of photogenerated carriers near the semiconductor interface that results from the field enhancement profile of magnetic dipolar-type modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamuna Paudel
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Physics Department, CUNY Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Diego J Chachayma-Farfan
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Physics Department, CUNY Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Matthew Y Sfeir
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Physics Department, CUNY Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
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2
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Arunachalam M, Kanase RS, Zhu K, Kang SH. Reliable bi-functional nickel-phosphate /TiO 2 integration enables stable n-GaAs photoanode for water oxidation under alkaline condition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5429. [PMID: 37669928 PMCID: PMC10480475 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen is one of the most widely used essential chemicals worldwide, and it is also employed in the production of many other chemicals, especially carbon-free energy fuels produced via photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. At present, gallium arsenide represents the most efficient photoanode material for PEC water oxidation, but it is known to either be anodically photocorroded or photopassivated by native metal oxides in the competitive reaction, limiting efficiency and stability. Here, we report chemically etched GaAs that is decorated with thin titanium dioxide (~30 nm-thick, crystalline) surface passivation layer along with nickel-phosphate (Ni-Pi) cocatalyst as a surface hole-sink layer. The integration of Ni-Pi bifunctional co-catalyst results in a highly efficient GaAs electrode with a ~ 100 mV cathodic shift of the onset potential. In this work, the electrode also has enhanced photostability under 110 h testing for PEC water oxidation at a steady current density Jph > 25 mA·cm-2. The Et-GaAs/TiO2/Ni-Pi║Ni-Pi tandem configuration results in the best unassisted bias-free water splitting device with the highest Jph (~7.6 mA·cm-2) and a stable solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 9.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheswari Arunachalam
- Department of Chemistry Education and Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Rohini Subhash Kanase
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program for Photonic Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
| | - Soon Hyung Kang
- Department of Chemistry Education and Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Nawaz R, Haider S, Anjum M, Oad VK, Haider A, Khan R, Aqif M, Hanif T, Khan N. Optimized photodegradation of palm oil agroindustry waste effluent using multivalent manganese-modified black titanium dioxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27831-3. [PMID: 37266783 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a methodological approach to use manganese (Mn3+Mn7+)-modified black titanium dioxide (Mn/BTiO2) as a photocatalyst to optimize and improve visible-light-driven photodegradation of treated agro-industrial effluent (TPOME). A modified wet chemical process was used to prepare BTiO2. The BTiO2 was then wet impregnated with Mn and calcined at 300 °C for 1 h to produce Mn/BTiO2. The activity of Mn/BTiO2 was investigated in terms of photo-assisted elimination of chemical oxygen demand (COD), phenolic compounds (PCs), color, and total organic carbon (TOC). Using the design of experiments (DOE), the conditions of the photocatalytic process, including photocatalyst loading, Mn concentration, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dose, and irradiation time, were optimized. Under the optimum conditions (0.85 g/L photocatalyst loading, 0.048 mol/L H2O2 dose, 0.301 wt.% Mn concentration, and 204 min irradiation time) COD, PCs, color, and TOC removal efficiencies of 88.87%, 86.04%, 62.8%, and 84.66%, respectively, were obtained. Statistical analysis showed that the response variable's removal from TPOME estimation had high R2 and low RMSE, MSE, MAD, MAE, and MAPE values, indicating high reliability. This study demonstrated the significant potential of the developed photocatalytic system for the treatment of waste effluent generated by the palm oil industry and other agro-industries, with the ability to simultaneously reduce a number of organic pollution indicators (OPIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rab Nawaz
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Shamsabad, Murree Rd, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad Haider
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muzammil Anjum
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Shamsabad, Murree Rd, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Vipin Kumar Oad
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adnan Haider
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aqif
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute, Topi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23460, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Hanif
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
| | - Nasruulah Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, District Dir Lower, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan
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4
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Synthesis and Characterization of Manganese-Modified Black TiO 2 Nanoparticles and Their Performance Evaluation for the Photodegradation of Phenolic Compounds from Wastewater. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237422. [PMID: 34885576 PMCID: PMC8658776 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The release of phenolic-contaminated treated palm oil mill effluent (TPOME) poses a severe threat to human and environmental health. In this work, manganese-modified black TiO2 (Mn-B-TiO2) was produced for the photodegradation of high concentrations of total phenolic compounds from TPOME. A modified glycerol-assisted technique was used to synthesize visible-light-sensitive black TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), which were then calcined at 300 °C for 60 min for conversion to anatase crystalline phase. The black TiO2 was further modified with manganese by utilizing a wet impregnation technique. Visible light absorption, charge carrier separation, and electron–hole pair recombination suppression were all improved when the band structure of TiO2 was tuned by producing Ti3+ defect states. As a result of the enhanced optical and electrical characteristics of black TiO2 NPs, phenolic compounds were removed from TPOME at a rate of 48.17%, which is 2.6 times higher than P25 (18%). When Mn was added to black TiO2 NPs, the Ti ion in the TiO2 lattice was replaced by Mn, causing a large redshift of the optical absorption edges and enhanced photodegradation of phenolic compounds from TPOME. The photodegradation efficiency of phenolic compounds by Mn-B-TiO2 improved to 60.12% from 48.17% at 0.3 wt% Mn doping concentration. The removal efficiency of phenolic compounds from TPOME diminished when Mn doping exceeded the optimum threshold (0.3 wt%). According to the findings, Mn-modified black TiO2 NPs are the most effective, as they combine the advantages of both black TiO2 and Mn doping.
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Ji M, Choa YH, Lee YI. One-step synthesis of black TiO 2-x microspheres by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis process and their visible-light-driven photocatalytic activities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 74:105557. [PMID: 33901752 PMCID: PMC8094901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Black TiO2-x has recently emerged as one of the most promising visible-light-driven photocatalysts, but current synthesis routes that require a reduction step are not compatible with cost-effective mass production and a relatively large particle such as microspheres. Herein, we demonstrate a simple, fast, cost-effective and scalable one-step process based on an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for the synthesis of black TiO2-x microspheres. The process utilizes an oxygen-deficient environment during the pyrolysis of titanium precursors to directly introduce oxygen vacancies into synthesized TiO2 products, and thus a reduction step is not required. Droplets of a titanium precursor solution were generated by ultrasound energy and dragged with continuous N2 flow into a furnace for the decomposition of the precursor and crystallization to TiO2 and through such a process spherical black TiO2-x microspheres were obtained at 900 °C. The synthesized black TiO2-x microsphere with trivalent titanium/oxygen vacancy clearly showed the variation of physicochemical properties compared with those of white TiO2. In addition, the synthesized microspheres presented the superior photocatalytic activity for degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation. This work presents a new methodology for a simple one-step synthesis of black metal oxides microspheres with oxygen vacancies for visible-light-driven photocatalysts with a higher efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeongjun Ji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Choa
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-In Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; The Institute of Powder Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Zhu J. Controlled high-quality interface of a Ti 2.5O 3(0 1 0)/GaAs(0 0 1) heterostructure enabled by minimized lattice mismatch and suppressed ion diffusion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 560:769-776. [PMID: 31706653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Metal oxide/semiconductor heterostructures exhibit great potential for high-performance electronic device applications, but the interfacial defects resulting from lattice mismatch pose significant challenges to improving the performance of these devices. In this study, we reported a construction of a single crystal Ti2.5O3/GaAs heterostructure with minimum lattice mismatch between titanium sub-oxides and GaAs substrate. Low lattice mismatch values of 0.3% or 0.6% can be achieved along different orientations. Further experimental analyses demonstrate that high crystalline Ti2.5O3 (0 1 0) film can be grown layer by layer on GaAs (0 0 1) substrate with highly compatible interface. The defect-free interface significantly suppresses the diffusion of As and Ga ions, which impedes the formation of arsenic oxide and gallium oxide at the interface. Due to the high-quality Ti2.5O3 layer, the integrated BaTiO3(250 nm)/SrTiO3/Ti2.5O3(5 nm)/GaAs heterostructure exhibits an enhanced hysteresis loop with a remnant polarization of 9.85 µC/cm2 at 600 kV/cm and a small leakage current density of 1 × 10-5 A/cm2 at -500 kV/cm. The considerable advantage of this Ti2.5O3/GaAs heterostructure provides an example of integrating other functional oxides for GaAs with suppressed ion diffusion. It also provides a platform for fabricating different electronic devices with higher reliability and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Xingpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China.
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7
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Enhancing the photoelectrochemical water splitting performance of WS2 nanosheets by doping titanium and molybdenum via a low temperature CVD method. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Maltanava H, Poznyak S, Ivanovskaya M, Scharnagl N, Starykevich M, Salak AN, de Rosário Soares M, Mazanik A. Effect of fluoride-mediated transformations on electrocatalytic performance of thermally treated TiO2 nanotubular layers. J Fluor Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Hou B, Shen L, Shi H, Chen J, Zhao B, Li K, Wang Y, Shen G, Ha MA, Liu F, Alexandrova AN, Hung WH, Dawlaty J, Christopher P, Cronin SB. Resonant and Selective Excitation of Photocatalytically Active Defect Sites in TiO 2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10351-10355. [PMID: 30768239 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been known for several decades that defects are largely responsible for the catalytically active sites on metal and semiconductor surfaces. However, it is difficult to directly probe these active sites because the defects associated with them are often relatively rare with respect to the stoichiometric crystalline surface. In the work presented here, we demonstrate a method to selectively probe defect-mediated photocatalysis through differential alternating current (ac) photocurrent (PC) measurements. In this approach, electrons are photoexcited from the valence band to a relatively narrow distribution of subband gap states in TiO2 and then subsequently to the ions in solution. Because of their limited number, these defect states fill up quickly, resulting in Pauli blocking, and are thereby undetectable under direct current or continuous wave excitation. In the method demonstrated here, the incident light is modulated with an optical chopper, whereas the PC is measured with a lock-in amplifier. Thin (5 nm) films of TiO2 deposited by atomic layer deposition on various metal films, including Au, Cu, and Al, exhibit the same wavelength-dependent PC spectra, with a broad peak centered around 2.0 eV corresponding to the band-to-defect transition associated with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). While the UV-vis absorption spectra of these films show no features at 2.0 eV, photoluminescence (PL) spectra of these photoelectrodes show a similar wavelength dependence with a peak of around 2.0 eV, corresponding to the subband gap emission associated with these defect sites. As a control, alumina (Al2O3) films exhibit no PL or PC over the visible wavelength range. The ac PC plotted as a function of electrode potential shows a peak of around -0.4 to -0.1 V versus normal hydrogen electrode, as the monoenergetic defect states are tuned through a resonance with the HER potential. This approach enables the direct photoexcitation of catalytically active defect sites to be studied selectively without the interference of the continuum interband transitions or the effects of Pauli blocking, which is limited by the slow turnover time of the catalytically active sites, typically on the order of 1 μs. We believe that this general approach provides an important new way to study the role of defects in catalysis in an area where selective spectroscopic studies of these are few.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kun Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , United States
| | | | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors , Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Mai-Anh Ha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90025 , United States
| | - Fanxi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, and College of Science , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310023 , P. R. China
| | - Anastassia N Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90025 , United States
- Materials Sciences Division , Lawrence National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Wei Hsuan Hung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Feng Chia University , Taichung 407, 40724 , Taiwan
| | | | - Phillip Christopher
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , United States
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NiFe layered double-hydroxide nanoparticles for efficiently enhancing performance of BiVO4 photoanode in photoelectrochemical water splitting. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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11
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Deskins NA, Du J, Rao P. The structural and electronic properties of reduced amorphous titania. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18671-18684. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02940c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reduced amorphous titania has been modeled by removing oxygen atoms to clarify the properties of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Aaron Deskins
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - Jincheng Du
- Materials Science and Engineering
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
| | - Pratap Rao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
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12
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Hou B, Shen L, Shi H, Kapadia R, Cronin SB. Hot electron-driven photocatalytic water splitting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:2877-2881. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07542h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of photocatalytic water splitting using Au films with and without TiO2 coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingya Hou
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Lang Shen
- Department of Material Science
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Haotian Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Rehan Kapadia
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Stephen B. Cronin
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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13
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Lei W, Zhang T, Liu P, Rodriguez JA, Liu G, Liu M. Bandgap- and Local Field-Dependent Photoactivity of Ag/Black Phosphorus Nanohybrids. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Lei
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- Academy
for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - José A. Rodriguez
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Gang Liu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghua Liu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Huang J, Hu G, Ding Y, Pang M, Ma B. Mn-doping and NiFe layered double hydroxide coating: Effective approaches to enhancing the performance of α-Fe2O3 in photoelectrochemical water oxidation. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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