1
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Li J, Chen R, Wang J, Wang K, Zhou Y, Xing M, Dong F. Dynamic in situ Formation of Cu 2 O Sub-Nanoclusters through Photoinduced pseudo-Fehling's Reaction for Selective and Efficient Nitrate-to-Ammonia Photosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317575. [PMID: 38151473 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is evidenced to be effective for constructing advanced catalysts. In particular, Cu2 O is identified to be active for general catalytic reactions. However, conflicting results regarding the true structure-activity correlations between Cu2 O-based active sites and efficiencies are usually reported. The structure of Cu2 O undergoes dynamic evolution rather than remaining stable under working conditions, in which the actual reaction cannot proceed over the prefabricated Cu2 O sites. Therefore, the dynamic construction of Cu2 O active sites can be developed to promote catalytic efficiency and reveal the true structure-activity correlations. Herein, by introducing the redox pairs of Cu2+ and reducing sugar into a photocatalysis system, it is clarified that the Cu2 O sub-nanoclusters (NCs), working as novel active sites, are on-site constructed on the substrate via a photoinduced pseudo-Fehling's route. The realistic interfacial charge separation and transformation capacities are remarkably promoted by the dynamic Cu2 O NCs under the actual catalysis condition, which achieves a milestone efficiency for nitrate-to-ammonia photosynthesis, including the targets of production rate (1.98±0.04 mol gCu -1 h-1 ), conversion ratio (94.2±0.91 %), and selectivity (98.6 %±0.55 %). The current work develops an effective strategy for integrating the active site construction into realistic reactions, providing new opportunities for Cu-based chemistry and catalysis sciences research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyuan Li
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Jielin Wang
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Kaiwen Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- The Center of New Energy Materials and Technology, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Mingyang Xing
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Fan Dong
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
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2
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Bohan A, Jin X, Wang M, Ma X, Wang Y, Zhang L. Uncoordinated amino groups of MIL-101 anchoring cobalt porphyrins for highly selective CO 2 electroreduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:830-839. [PMID: 37898067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) presents a sustainable route to address energy crisis and environmental issues, where the rational design of catalysts remains crucial. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high CO2 capture capacities have immense potential as CO2RR electrocatalysts but suffer from poor activity. Herein we report a redox-active cobalt protoporphyrin grafted MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 for CO2 electroreduction. Material characterizations reveal that porphyrin molecules are covalently attached to uncoordinated amino groups of the parent MOF without compromising its well-defined porous structure. Furthermore, in situ spectroscopic techniques suggest inherited CO2 concentrate ability and more abundant adsorbed carbonate species on the modified MOF. As a result, a maximum CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) up to 97.1% and a turnover frequency of 0.63 s-1 are achieved, together with FECO above 90% within a wide potential window of 300 mV. This work sheds new light on the coupling of MOFs with molecular catalysts to enhance catalytic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bohan
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-xi Road, Shanghai 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xixiong Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-xi Road, Shanghai 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-xi Road, Shanghai 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xia Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-xi Road, Shanghai 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-xi Road, Shanghai 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lingxia Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-xi Road, Shanghai 200050, PR China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, PR China.
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3
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Deng T, Jia S, Chen C, Jiao J, Chen X, Xue C, Xia W, Xing X, Zhu Q, Wu H, He M, Han B. Polymer Modification Strategy to Modulate Reaction Microenvironment for Enhanced CO 2 Electroreduction to Ethylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313796. [PMID: 38015565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of the microenvironment on the electrode surface is one of the effective means to improve the efficiency of electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (eCO2 RR). To achieve high conversion rates, the phase boundary at the electrode surface should be finely controlled to overcome the limitation of CO2 solubility in the aqueous electrolyte. Herein, we developed a simple and efficient method to structure electrocatalyst with a superhydrophobic surface microenvironment by one-step co-electrodeposition of Cu and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on carbon paper. The super-hydrophobic Cu-based electrode displayed a high ethylene (C2 H4 ) selectivity with a Faraday efficiency (FE) of 67.3 % at -1.25 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in an H-type cell, which is 2.5 times higher than a regular Cu electrode without PTFE. By using PTFE as a surface modifier, the activity of eCO2 RR is enhanced and water (proton) adsorption is inhibited. This strategy has the potential to be applied to other gas-conversion electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Shuaiqiang Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Chunjun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Jiapeng Jiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Cheng Xue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Xueqing Xing
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qinggong Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for carbon neutral chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Haihong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Mingyuan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Buxing Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Road, Chenjia Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, 202162, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Center for carbon neutral chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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4
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Gong Y, He T. Gaining Deep Understanding of Electrochemical CO 2 RR with In Situ/Operando Techniques. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300702. [PMID: 37608449 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis for CO2 conversion has been extensively studied to mitigate the energy shortage and environmental issues, which are gaining ever-increasing attention. However, the complicated CO2 reduction process and the dynamic evolution occurring on electrocatalyst surface make it hard to understand the catalytic mechanism. The development of advanced in situ/operando techniques intelligently coupled with electrochemical cells sheds light on the related study via capturing surface atomic rearrangement, tracing chemical state change of catalysts, monitoring the behavior of intermediates and products, and depicting microenvironment near the electrode surface. In this review, fundamentals of the state-of-the-art in situ/operando techniques are clarified first. Case studies on the in situ/operando techniques performed to probe the CO2 reduction reaction processes are then discussed in detail. Finally, conclusions and outlook on this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gong
- CAS Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tao He
- CAS Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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5
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Feijóo J, Yang Y, Fonseca Guzman MV, Vargas A, Chen C, Pollock CJ, Yang P. Operando High-Energy-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of Evolving Cu Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts for CO 2 Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20208-20213. [PMID: 37677089 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Advances in electrocatalysis research rely heavily on building a thorough mechanistic understanding of catalyst active sites under realistic operating conditions. Only recently have techniques emerged that enable sensitive spectroscopic data collection to distinguish catalytically relevant surface sites from the underlying bulk material under applied potential in the presence of an electrolyte layer. Here, we demonstrate that operando high-energy-resolution fluorescence detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy (HERFD-XAS) is a powerful spectroscopic method which offers critical surface chemistry insights in CO2 electroreduction with sub-electronvolt energy resolution using hard X-rays. Combined with the high surface area-to-volume ratio of 5 nm copper nanoparticles, operando HERFD-XAS allows us to observe with clear evidence the breaking of chemical bonds between the ligands and the Cu surface as part of the ligand desorption process occurring under electrochemical potentials relevant for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). In addition, the dynamic evolution of oxidation state and coordination number throughout the operation of the nanocatalyst was continuously tracked. With these results in hand, undercoordinated metallic copper nanograins are proposed to be the real active sites in the CO2RR. This work emphasizes the importance of HERFD-XAS compared to routine XAS in catalyst characterization and mechanism exploration, especially in the complicated electrochemical CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Feijóo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Maria V Fonseca Guzman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alfred Vargas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chubai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J Pollock
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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6
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An H, de Ruiter J, Wu L, Yang S, Meirer F, van der Stam W, Weckhuysen BM. Spatiotemporal Mapping of Local Heterogeneities during Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction. JACS AU 2023; 3:1890-1901. [PMID: 37502158 PMCID: PMC10369669 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The activity and selectivity of a copper electrocatalyst during the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) are largely dominated by the interplay between local reaction environment, the catalyst surface, and the adsorbed intermediates. In situ characterization studies have revealed many aspects of this intimate relationship between surface reactivity and adsorbed species, but these investigations are often limited by the spatial and temporal resolution of the analytical technique of choice. Here, Raman spectroscopy with both space and time resolution was used to reveal the distribution of adsorbed species and potential reaction intermediates on a copper electrode during eCO2RR. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the in situ Raman spectra revealed that a working electrocatalyst exhibits spatial heterogeneities in adsorbed species, and that the electrode surface can be divided into CO-dominant (mainly located at dendrite structures) and C-C dominant regions (mainly located at the roughened electrode surface). Our spectral evaluation further showed that in the CO-dominant regions, linear CO was observed (as characterized by a band at ∼2090 cm-1), accompanied by the more classical Cu-CO bending and stretching vibrations located at ∼280 and ∼360 cm-1, respectively. In contrast, in the C-C directing region, these three Raman bands are suppressed, while at the same time a band at ∼495 cm-1 and a broad Cu-CO band at ∼2050 cm-1 dominate the Raman spectra. Furthermore, PCA revealed that anodization creates more C-C dominant regions, and labeling experiments confirmed that the 495 cm-1 band originates from the presence of a Cu-C intermediate. These results indicate that a copper electrode at work is very dynamic, thereby clearly displaying spatiotemporal heterogeneities, and that in situ micro-spectroscopic techniques are crucial for understanding the eCO2RR mechanism of working electrocatalyst materials.
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7
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Wang Y, Dutta A, Iarchuk A, Sun C, Vesztergom S, Broekmann P. Boosting Nitrate to Ammonia Electroconversion through Hydrogen Gas Evolution over Cu-foam@mesh Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023; 13:8169-8182. [PMID: 37342835 PMCID: PMC10278070 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is often considered parasitic to numerous cathodic electro-transformations of high technological interest, including but not limited to metal plating (e.g., for semiconductor processing), the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), the dinitrogen → ammonia conversion (N2RR), and the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3-RR). Herein, we introduce a porous Cu foam material electrodeposited onto a mesh support through the dynamic hydrogen bubble template method as an efficient catalyst for electrochemical nitrate → ammonia conversion. To take advantage of the intrinsically high surface area of this spongy foam material, effective mass transport of the nitrate reactants from the bulk electrolyte solution into its three-dimensional porous structure is critical. At high reaction rates, NO3-RR becomes, however, readily mass transport limited because of the slow nitrate diffusion into the three-dimensional porous catalyst. Herein, we demonstrate that the gas-evolving HER can mitigate the depletion of reactants inside the 3D foam catalyst through opening an additional convective nitrate mass transport pathway provided the NO3-RR becomes already mass transport limited prior to the HER onset. This pathway is achieved through the formation and release of hydrogen bubbles facilitating electrolyte replenishment inside the foam during water/nitrate co-electrolysis. This HER-mediated transport effect "boosts" the effective limiting current of nitrate reduction, as evidenced by potentiostatic electrolyses combined with an operando video inspection of the Cu-foam@mesh catalysts under operating NO3-RR conditions. Depending on the solution pH and the nitrate concentration, NO3-RR partial current densities beyond 1 A cm-2 were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- State
Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, No.5 South Jinhua Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Iarchuk
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Changzhe Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Soma Vesztergom
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- MTA−ELTE
Momentum Interfacial Electrochemistry Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter
sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Abstract
Electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to valuable chemicals and fuels driven by renewable energy plays a crucial role in achieving net-zero carbon emissions. Understanding the structure-activity relationship and the reaction mechanism is significant for tuning electrocatalyst selectivity. Therefore, characterizing catalyst dynamic evolution and reaction intermediates under reaction conditions is necessary but still challenging. We first summarize the most recent progress in mechanistic understanding of heterogeneous CO2/CO reduction using in situ/operando techniques, including surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopies, X-ray- and electron-based techniques, and mass spectroscopy, along with discussing remaining limitations. We then offer insights and perspectives to accelerate the future development of in situ/operando techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn Hasa
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA;
| | - Yaran Zhao
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Feng Jiao
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA;
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9
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Zhang Z, Chen S, Zhu J, Ye C, Mao Y, Wang B, Zhou G, Mai L, Wang Z, Liu X, Wang D. Charge-Separated Pd δ--Cu δ+ Atom Pairs Promote CO 2 Reduction to C 2. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2312-2320. [PMID: 36861218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c05112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Positively charged Cu sites have been confirmed to significantly promote the production of multicarbon (C2) products from an electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). However, the positively charged Cu has difficulty in existing under a strong negative bias. In this work, we design a Pdδ--Cu3N catalyst containing charge-separated Pdδ--Cuδ+ atom pair that can stabilize the Cuδ+ sites. In situ characterizations and density functional theory reveal that the first reported negatively charged Pdδ- sites exhibited a superior CO binding capacity together with the adjacent Cuδ+ sites, synergistically promoting the CO dimerization process to produce C2 products. As a result, we achieve a 14-fold increase in the C2 product Faradaic efficiency (FE) on Pdδ--Cu3N, from 5.6% to 78.2%. This work provides a new strategy for synthesizing negative valence atom-pair catalysts and an atomic-level modulation approach of unstable Cuδ+ sites in the CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiexin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenliang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Bingqing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhou
- School of Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Xiangwen Liu
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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10
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Rahmati F, Sabouhanian N, Lipkowski J, Chen A. Synthesis of 3D Porous Cu Nanostructures on Ag Thin Film Using Dynamic Hydrogen Bubble Template for Electrochemical Conversion of CO 2 to Ethanol. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:778. [PMID: 36839146 PMCID: PMC9959227 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cu-based nanomaterials have been widely considered to be promising electrocatalysts for the direct conversion of CO2 to high-value hydrocarbons. However, poor selectivity and slow kinetics have hindered the use of Cu-based catalysts for large-scale industrial applications. In this work, we report on a tunable Cu-based synthesis strategy using a dynamic hydrogen bubble template (DHBT) coupled with a sputtered Ag thin film for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to ethanol. Remarkably, the introduction of Ag into the base of the three-dimensional (3D) Cu nanostructure induced changes in the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) pathway, which resulted in the generation of ethanol with high Faradaic Efficiency (FE). This observation was further investigated through Tafel and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analyses. The rational design of the electrocatalyst was shown to promote the spillover of formed CO intermediates from the Ag sites to the 3D porous Cu nanostructure for further reduction to C2 products. Finally, challenges toward the development of multi-metallic electrocatalysts for the direct catalysis of CO2 to hydrocarbons were elucidated, and future perspectives were highlighted.
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11
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Chang X, He M, Lu Q, Xu B. Origin and effect of surface oxygen-containing species on electrochemical CO or CO2 reduction reactions. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1459-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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12
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Wang X, Hu Q, Li G, Yang H, He C. Recent Advances and Perspectives of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Toward C2+ Products on Cu-Based Catalysts. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Iarchuk A, Dutta A, Broekmann P. Novel Ni foam catalysts for sustainable nitrate to ammonia electroreduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129504. [PMID: 36104893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrate reduction (NO3-RR) is considered a promising approach to remove environmentally harmful nitrate from wastewater while simultaneously producing ammonia, a product with high value. An important consideration is the choice of catalyst, which is required not only to accelerate NO3-RR but also to direct the product selectivity of the electrolysis toward ammonia production. To this end, we demonstrate the fabrication of novel Ni foam catalysts produced through a dynamic hydrogen bubble template assisted electrodeposition process. The resulting foam morphology of the catalyst is demonstrated to crucially govern its overall electrocatalytic performance. More than 95% Faradaic efficiency of ammonia production was achieved in the low potential range from -0.1 to -0.3 V vs. RHE. Hydrogen was found to be the only by-product of the nitrate reduction. Intriguingly, no other nitrogen containing products (e.g., NO,N2O, or N2) formed during electrolysis, thus indicating a 100% selective (nitrate→ammonia) conversion. Therefore, this novel Ni foam catalyst is a highly promising candidate for truly selective (nitrate→ammonia) electroreduction and a promising alternative to mature copper-based NO3-RR benchmark catalysts. Excellent catalytic performance of the novel Ni foam catalyst was also observed in screening experiments under conditions mimicking those in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Iarchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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14
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Zelocualtecatl Montiel I, Dutta A, Kiran K, Rieder A, Iarchuk A, Vesztergom S, Mirolo M, Martens I, Drnec J, Broekmann P. CO 2 Conversion at High Current Densities: Stabilization of Bi(III)-Containing Electrocatalysts under CO 2 Gas Flow Conditions. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Zelocualtecatl Montiel
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kiran Kiran
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alain Rieder
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Iarchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Soma Vesztergom
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marta Mirolo
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isaac Martens
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jakub Drnec
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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15
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Structural evolution and strain generation of derived-Cu catalysts during CO 2 electroreduction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4857. [PMID: 35982055 PMCID: PMC9388520 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu)-based catalysts generally exhibit high C2+ selectivity during the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). However, the origin of this selectivity and the influence of catalyst precursors on it are not fully understood. We combine operando X-ray diffraction and operando Raman spectroscopy to monitor the structural and compositional evolution of three Cu precursors during the CO2RR. The results indicate that despite different kinetics, all three precursors are completely reduced to Cu(0) with similar grain sizes (~11 nm), and that oxidized Cu species are not involved in the CO2RR. Furthermore, Cu(OH)2- and Cu2(OH)2CO3-derived Cu exhibit considerable tensile strain (0.43%~0.55%), whereas CuO-derived Cu does not. Theoretical calculations suggest that the tensile strain in Cu lattice is conducive to promoting CO2RR, which is consistent with experimental observations. The high CO2RR performance of some derived Cu catalysts is attributed to the combined effect of the small grain size and lattice strain, both originating from the in situ electroreduction of precursors. These findings establish correlations between Cu precursors, lattice strains, and catalytic behaviors, demonstrating the unique ability of operando characterization in studying electrochemical processes. Copper catalysts derived from oxidized precursors typically exhibit high selectivity for CO2 electroreduction to multicarbon products, yet the influencing factors that control the selectivity need further investigation. Here, the authors reveal that the high selectivity stems from small grain size and lattice strain due to in situ reduction of precursors.
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16
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Rahaman M, Kiran K, Zelocualtecatl Montiel I, Dutta A, Broekmann P. Suppression of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Is the Key: Selective Electrosynthesis of Formate from CO 2 over Porous In 55Cu 45 Catalysts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35677-35688. [PMID: 34288647 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Direct electrosynthesis of formate through CO2 electroreduction (denoted CO2RR) is currently attracting great attention because formate is a highly valuable commodity chemical that is already used in a wide range of applications (e.g., formic acid fuel cells, tanning, rubber production, preservatives, and antibacterial agents). Herein, we demonstrate highly selective production of formate through CO2RR from a CO2-saturated aqueous bicarbonate solution using a porous In55Cu45 alloy as the electrocatalyst. This novel high-surface-area material was produced by means of an electrodeposition process utilizing the dynamic hydrogen bubble template approach. Faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of formate production (FEformate) never fell below 90% within a relatively broad potential window of approximately 400 mV, ranging from -0.8 to -1.2 V vs the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). A maximum FEformate of 96.8%, corresponding to a partial current density of jformate = -8.9 mA cm-2, was yielded at -1.0 V vs RHE. The experimental findings suggested a CO2RR mechanism involving stabilization of the HCOO* intermediate on the In55Cu45 alloy surface in combination with effective suppression of the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction. What makes this CO2RR alloy catalyst particularly valuable is its stability against degradation and chemical poisoning. An almost constant formate efficiency of ∼94% was maintained in an extended 30 h electrolysis experiment, whereas pure In film catalysts (the reference benchmark system) showed a pronounced decrease in formate efficiency from 82% to 50% under similar experimental conditions. The identical location scanning electron microscopy approach was applied to demonstrate the structural stability of the applied In55Cu45 alloy foam catalysts at various length scales. We demonstrate that the proposed catalyst concept could be transferred to technically relevant support materials (e.g., carbon cloth gas diffusion electrode) without altering its excellent figures of merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motiar Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Kiran Kiran
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Zelocualtecatl Montiel
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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17
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Abstract
The utilization of carbon dioxide is a major incentive for the growing field of carbon capture. Carbon dioxide could be an abundant building block to generate higher-value chemical products. Herein, we fabricated a porous copper electrode capable of catalyzing the reduction of carbon dioxide into higher-value products, such as ethylene, ethanol and propanol. We investigated the formation of the foams under different conditions, not only analyzing their morphological and crystal structure, but also documenting their performance as a catalyst. In particular, we studied the response of the foams to CO2 electrolysis, including the effect of urea as a potential additive to enhance CO2 catalysis. Before electrolysis, the pristine and urea-modified foam copper electrodes consisted of a mixture of cuboctahedra and dendrites. After 35 min of electrolysis, the cuboctahedra and dendrites underwent structural rearrangement affecting catalysis performance. We found that alterations in the morphology, crystallinity and surface composition of the catalyst were conducive to the deactivation of the copper foams.
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18
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Dutta A, Zelocualtecatl Montiel I, Kiran K, Rieder A, Grozovski V, Gut L, Broekmann P. A Tandem (Bi2O3 → Bimet) Catalyst for Highly Efficient ec-CO2 Conversion into Formate: Operando Raman Spectroscopic Evidence for a Reaction Pathway Change. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | | | - Kiran Kiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Alain Rieder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Vitali Grozovski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Lukas Gut
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
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19
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Dongil AB, Conesa JM, Pastor-Pérez L, Sepúlveda-Escribano A, Guerrero-Ruiz A, Rodríguez-Ramos I. Carbothermally generated copper–molybdenum carbide supported on graphite for the CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00410g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The carbothermal synthesis of monometallic and bimetallic molybdenum carbide and copper supported on high surface area graphite, has been studied at 600 and 700 °C and characterised. The catalysts were tested for CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. B. Dongil
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica
- CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - J. M. Conesa
- Dpto. Química Inorgánica y Técnica
- Facultad de Ciencias UNED
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - L. Pastor-Pérez
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Surrey
- Guildford
- UK
| | - A. Sepúlveda-Escribano
- Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica – Instituto Universitario de Materiales de Alicante
- Universidad de Alicante
- E-03080 Alicante
- Spain
| | - A. Guerrero-Ruiz
- Dpto. Química Inorgánica y Técnica
- Facultad de Ciencias UNED
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
- UA UNED-ICP(CSIC)
| | - I. Rodríguez-Ramos
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica
- CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- UA UNED-ICP(CSIC)
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20
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Chang X, Zhao Y, Xu B. pH Dependence of Cu Surface Speciation in the Electrochemical CO Reduction Reaction. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Chang
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yaran Zhao
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Bingjun Xu
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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