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Yang H, An N, Kang Z, Menezes PW, Chen Z. Understanding Advanced Transition Metal-Based Two Electron Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts from the Perspective of Phase Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2400140. [PMID: 38456244 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-noble transition metal (TM)-based compounds have recently become a focal point of extensive research interest as electrocatalysts for the two electron oxygen reduction (2e- ORR) process. To efficiently drive this reaction, these TM-based electrocatalysts must bear unique physiochemical properties, which are strongly dependent on their phase structures. Consequently, adopting engineering strategies toward the phase structure has emerged as a cutting-edge scientific pursuit, crucial for achieving high activity, selectivity, and stability in the electrocatalytic process. This comprehensive review addresses the intricate field of phase engineering applied to non-noble TM-based compounds for 2e- ORR. First, the connotation of phase engineering and fundamental concepts related to oxygen reduction kinetics and thermodynamics are succinctly elucidated. Subsequently, the focus shifts to a detailed discussion of various phase engineering approaches, including elemental doping, defect creation, heterostructure construction, coordination tuning, crystalline design, and polymorphic transformation to boost or revive the 2e- ORR performance (selectivity, activity, and stability) of TM-based catalysts, accompanied by an insightful exploration of the phase-performance correlation. Finally, the review proposes fresh perspectives on the current challenges and opportunities in this burgeoning field, together with several critical research directions for the future development of non-noble TM-based electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Na An
- Materials Chemistry Group for Thin Film Catalysis - CatLab, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Prashanth W Menezes
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
- Materials Chemistry Group for Thin Film Catalysis - CatLab, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ziliang Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Materials Chemistry Group for Thin Film Catalysis - CatLab, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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Trench AB, Fernandes CM, Moura JPC, Lucchetti LEB, Lima TS, Antonin VS, de Almeida JM, Autreto P, Robles I, Motheo AJ, Lanza MRV, Santos MC. Hydrogen peroxide electrogeneration from O 2 electroreduction: A review focusing on carbon electrocatalysts and environmental applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141456. [PMID: 38367878 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stands as one of the foremost utilized oxidizing agents in modern times. The established method for its production involves the intricate and costly anthraquinone process. However, a promising alternative pathway is the electrochemical hydrogen peroxide production, accomplished through the oxygen reduction reaction via a 2-electron pathway. This method not only simplifies the production process but also upholds environmental sustainability, especially when compared to the conventional anthraquinone method. In this review paper, recent works from the literature focusing on the 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction promoted by carbon electrocatalysts are summarized. The practical applications of these materials in the treatment of effluents contaminated with different pollutants (drugs, dyes, pesticides, and herbicides) are presented. Water treatment aiming to address these issues can be achieved through advanced oxidation electrochemical processes such as electro-Fenton, solar-electro-Fenton, and photo-electro-Fenton. These processes are discussed in detail in this work and the possible radicals that degrade the pollutants in each case are highlighted. The review broadens its scope to encompass contemporary computational simulations focused on the 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction, employing different models to describe carbon-based electrocatalysts. Finally, perspectives and future challenges in the area of carbon-based electrocatalysts for H2O2 electrogeneration are discussed. This review paper presents a forward-oriented viewpoint of present innovations and pragmatic implementations, delineating forthcoming challenges and prospects of this ever-evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline B Trench
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC. Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Machado Fernandes
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC. Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo C Moura
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC. Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Lanna E B Lucchetti
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC. Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Thays S Lima
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Vanessa S Antonin
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC. Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - James M de Almeida
- Ilum Escola de Ciência - Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Brazil
| | - Pedro Autreto
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC. Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Irma Robles
- Center for Research and Technological Development in Electrochemistry, S.C., Parque Tecnologico Queretaro, 76703, Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Marcos R V Lanza
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Mauro C Santos
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC. Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, 09210-170, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
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3
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de Oliveira Santiago Santos G, Athie Goulart L, Sánchez-Montes I, Santos da Silva R, de Vasconcelos Lanza MR. Electrochemically enhanced iron oxide-modified carbon cathode toward improved heterogeneous electro-Fenton reaction for the degradation of norfloxacin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118736-118753. [PMID: 37917268 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30536-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, different iron-based cathode materials were prepared using two different approaches: a novel one-step approach, which involved the incorporation of iron oxide with Printex® L6 carbon/PTFE (PL6C/PTFE) on bare carbon felt (CF) and a two-step approach, where iron oxide is deposited onto CF previously modified with PL6C/PTFE. The results obtained from the physical characterization indicated that the presence of iron oxide homogeneously dispersed on the felt fibers with the CF 3-D network kept intact in the one-step approach; whereas the formation of iron oxide aggregates between the felt fibers for material obtained using the two-step approach. Among the iron oxide-based cathodes investigated, the iron-incorporated electrode exhibited the greatest efficiency in terms of the removal and mineralization of norfloxacin (NOR) under neutral pH (complete NOR removal in less than 30 min with around 50% mineralization after 90 min). The findings of this study show that the low cost and simple-to-prepare iron-modified carbon-based materials in HEF process led to the enhanced degradation of organic contaminants in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Athie Goulart
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Isaac Sánchez-Montes
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
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Fajardo-Puerto E, Elmouwahidi A, Bailón-García E, Pérez-Cadenas AF, Carrasco-Marín F. From Fenton and ORR 2e−-Type Catalysts to Bifunctional Electrodes for Environmental Remediation Using the Electro-Fenton Process. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the presence of emerging contaminants in water sources has raised concerns worldwide due to low rates of mineralization, and in some cases, zero levels of degradation through conventional treatment methods. For these reasons, researchers in the field are focused on the use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as a powerful tool for the degradation of persistent pollutants. These AOPs are based mainly on the in-situ production of hydroxyl radicals (OH•) generated from an oxidizing agent (H2O2 or O2) in the presence of a catalyst. Among the most studied AOPs, the Fenton reaction stands out due to its operational simplicity and good levels of degradation for a wide range of emerging contaminants. However, it has some limitations such as the storage and handling of H2O2. Therefore, the use of the electro-Fenton (EF) process has been proposed in which H2O2 is generated in situ by the action of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, it is important to mention that the ORR is given by two routes, by two or four electrons, which results in the products of H2O2 and H2O, respectively. For this reason, current efforts seek to increase the selectivity of ORR catalysts toward the 2e− route and thus improve the performance of the EF process. This work reviews catalysts for the Fenton reaction, ORR 2e− catalysts, and presents a short review of some proposed catalysts with bifunctional activity for ORR 2e− and Fenton processes. Finally, the most important factors for electro-Fenton dual catalysts to obtain high catalytic activity in both Fenton and ORR 2e− processes are summarized.
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Fabbri F, Bischof S, Mayr S, Gritsch S, Jimenez Bartolome M, Schwaiger N, Guebitz GM, Weiss R. The Biomodified Lignin Platform: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071694. [PMID: 37050308 PMCID: PMC10096731 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A reliance on fossil fuel has led to the increased emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The excessive consumption of raw materials today makes the search for sustainable resources more pressing than ever. Technical lignins are mainly used in low-value applications such as heat and electricity generation. Green enzyme-based modifications of technical lignin have generated a number of functional lignin-based polymers, fillers, coatings, and many other applications and materials. These bio-modified technical lignins often display similar properties in terms of their durability and elasticity as fossil-based materials while also being biodegradable. Therefore, it is possible to replace a wide range of environmentally damaging materials with lignin-based ones. By researching publications from the last 20 years focusing on the latest findings utilizing databases, a comprehensive collection on this topic was crafted. This review summarizes the recent progress made in enzymatically modifying technical lignins utilizing laccases, peroxidases, and lipases. The underlying enzymatic reaction mechanisms and processes are being elucidated and the application possibilities discussed. In addition, the environmental assessment of novel technical lignin-based products as well as the developments, opportunities, and challenges are highlighted.
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6
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Modeling the electrosynthesis of H2O2: Understanding the role of predatory species. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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7
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Marques Cordeiro-Junior PJ, Sáez Jiménez C, Vasconcelos Lanza MRD, Rodrigo Rodrigo MA. Electrochemical production of extremely high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in discontinuous processes. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Santos MC, Antonin VS, Souza FM, Aveiro LR, Pinheiro VS, Gentil TC, Lima TS, Moura JPC, Silva CR, Lucchetti LEB, Codognoto L, Robles I, Lanza MRV. Decontamination of wastewater containing contaminants of emerging concern by electrooxidation and Fenton-based processes - A review on the relevance of materials and methods. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135763. [PMID: 35952792 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasingly growing interest regarding the use of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) which are considered highly promising alternative treatment techniques for addressing environmental issues related to pollutants of emerging concern. In EAOPs, electrogenerated oxidizing agents, such as hydroxyl radical (HO•), can react non-selectively with a wide range of organic compounds, degrading and mineralizing their structures to unharmful molecules like CO2, H2O, and inorganic ions. To this date, a broad spectrum of advanced electrocatalysts have been developed and applied for the treatment of compounds of interest in different matrices, specifically aiming at enhancing the degradation performance. New combined methods have also been employed as alternative treatment techniques targeted at circumventing the major obstacles encountered in Fenton-based processes, such as high costs and energy consumption, which still contribute significantly toward inhibiting the large-scale application of these processes. First, some fundamental aspects of EAOPs will be presented. Further, we will provide an overview of electrode materials which have been recently developed and reported in the literature, highlighting different anode and cathode structures employed in EAOPs, their main advantages and disadvantages, as well as their contribution to the performance of the treatment processes. The influence of operating parameters, such as initial concentrations, pH effect, temperature, supporting electrolyte, and radiation source, on the treatment processes were also studied. Finally, hybrid techniques which have been reported in the literature and critically assess the most recent techniques used for evaluating the degradation efficiency of the treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro C Santos
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa S Antonin
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe M Souza
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Química, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, BR-153, Km 633, Zona Rural, CEP: 75650-000, Morrinhos, GO, Brazil
| | - Luci R Aveiro
- São Paulo Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Rua Pedro Vicente, 625, Canindé São Paulo, CEP: 01109-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor S Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Tuani C Gentil
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Thays S Lima
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Environmental Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, n 275 - Jd. Eldorado, CEP: 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - João P C Moura
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina R Silva
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Lanna E B Lucchetti
- Laboratory of Eletrochemistry and Nanostructured Materials (LEMN) Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), CEP: 09210-170, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucia Codognoto
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Environmental Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, n 275 - Jd. Eldorado, CEP: 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Irma Robles
- Center for Research and Technological Development in Electrochemistry, S.C., Parque Tecnológico Querétaro, 76703, Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Marcos R V Lanza
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
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Cordeiro Junior PJM, Martins AS, Pereira GBS, Rocha FV, Rodrigo MAR, Lanza MRDV. High-performance gas-diffusion electrodes for H2O2 electrosynthesis. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Cordeiro-Junior PJM, Lobato Bajo J, Lanza MRDV, Rodrigo Rodrigo MA. Highly Efficient Electrochemical Production of Hydrogen Peroxide Using the GDE Technology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022; 61:10660-10669. [PMID: 35941851 PMCID: PMC9354083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work examines the role of oxygen supply in the improvement of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrochemical production efficiency and the generation of high H2O2 concentrations in electrochemical processes operated in a discontinuous mode. To conduct this study, a highly efficient Printex L6 carbon-based gas diffusion electrode (GDE) as a cathode was employed for the electrogeneration of H2O2 in a flow-by reactor and evaluated the effects of lowering the operation temperature (to increase solubility) and increasing the air supply in the system on H2O2 electrogeneration. The results obtained in this study show that unlike what is expected in flow-through reactors, the efficiency in the H2O2 production is not affected by the solubility of oxygen when GDE is employed in the electrochemical process (using the flow-by reactor); i.e., the efficiency of H2O2 production is not significantly dependent on O2 solubility, temperature, and pressure. The application of the proposed PL6C-based GDE led to the generation of accumulated H2O2 of over 3 g L-1 at a high current density. It should be noted, however, that the application of the electrocatalyst at lower current densities resulted in higher energy efficiency in terms of H2O2 production. Precisely, a specific production of H2O2 as high as 131 g kWh-1 was obtained at 25 mA cm-2; the energy efficiency (in terms of H2O2 production) values obtained in this study based on the application of the proposed GDE in a flow-by reactor at low current densities were found to be within the range of values recorded for H2O2 production techniques that employ flow-through reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Jorge Marques Cordeiro-Junior
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Trabalhador São-carlense Street 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Justo Lobato Bajo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Andrés Rodrigo Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Jia P, Zhang J, Xia G, Yu Z, Sun J, Ji X. 2D Zinc-Based Metal–Organic Complexes Derived N-Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets as Durable Air Cathode for Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132581. [PMID: 35808628 PMCID: PMC9269493 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The defect and N-doping engineering are critical to developing the highly efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), mainly because they can efficiently regulate the geometric/electronic structures and sur-/interface properties of the carbon matrix. Herein, we provide a facile and scalable strategy for the large-scale synthesis of N-doped porous carbon nanosheets (NPCNs) with hierarchical pore structure, only involving solvothermal and pyrolysis processes. Additionally, the turnover frequency of ORR (TOFORR) was calculated by taking into account the electron-transfer number (n). Benefiting from the trimodal pore structures, high specific surface area, a higher pore volume, high-ratio mesopores, massive vacancies/long-range structural defects, and high-content pyridinic-N (~2.1%), the NPCNs-1000 shows an excellent ORR activity (1600 rpm, js = ~5.99 mA cm−2), a selectivity to four-electron ORR (~100%) and a superior stability in both the three-electrode tests (CP test for 7500 s at 0.8 V, Δjs = ~0.58 mA cm−2) and Zn–Air battery (a negligible loss of 0.08 V within 265 h). Besides, the experimental results indicate that the enhancement of ORR activity mainly originates from the defects and pyridinic-N. More significantly, this work is expected to realize green and efficient energy storage and conversion along with the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.
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Wu Z, Wang T, Zou JJ, Li Y, Zhang C. Amorphous Nickel Oxides Supported on Carbon Nanosheets as High-Performance Catalysts for Electrochemical Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis, Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tianzuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis, Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis, Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongdan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis, Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, Espoo, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Cuijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis, Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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13
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Bisphenol-S removal via photoelectro-fenton/H2O2 process using Co-porphyrin/Printex L6 gas diffusion electrode. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Moretti C, Corona B, Hoefnagels R, Vural-Gürsel I, Gosselink R, Junginger M. Review of life cycle assessments of lignin and derived products: Lessons learned. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144656. [PMID: 33508665 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, the use of lignin as a bio-based alternative for fossil-based products has attracted significant attention, and the first LCAs of lignin and derived products have been conducted. Assessing side-stream products like lignin and potential benefits compared to their fossil counterparts presents complex methodological issues. This article provides a critical review of forty-two peer-reviewed LCAs regarding lignin and derived products. Methodological issues and their influence on the LCA results include the choice of the modeling approach and system boundaries, functional unit definition, impact categories considered, type of data used, handling multifunctionality and biogenic carbon modeling. The review focused on climate change impacts, as this is also the main impact category considered in most studies. Other impact categories in the comparison between lignin-based products and counterparts were also discussed with examples from the studies. Based on ten lessons learned, recommendations were provided for LCA practitioners to increase future consistency of environmental claims made about lignin and lignin-based products. The finding suggest that the environmental performance of lignin-based products is significantly affected by both 1) LCA methodological problems such as allocation practices and biogenic carbon modeling and 2) technical aspects such as the percentage of lignin in the composition of products and the selection of the fuel to replace lignin in internal energy uses. Beyond this, the reviewed LCAs showed that often lignin-based products offer better environmental performances than fossil-based products, especially for climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Moretti
- Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Blanca Corona
- Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ric Hoefnagels
- Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martin Junginger
- Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Treatment of Tebuthiuron in synthetic and real wastewater using electrochemical flow-by reactor. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.114978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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