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Dai Y, Zhang H, Wang X, Chen Y, Fu Q, Jin Y, Liang X. Efficient strategies for preparative separation of iridoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300029. [PMID: 36880199 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient strategies for the preparative separation of iridoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography combined with appropriate pretreatment technologies were developed. Four fractions (Fr.1-1, Fr.1-2, Fr.1-3, and Fr.2-1) were firstly isolated from the crude extract of Hedyotis diffusa by column chromatography with C18, resin, and silica gel materials, respectively. Then, corresponding separation strategies were developed according to the polarity and chemical constituents. High-polar compounds of Fr.1-1 were purified by hydrophilic reversed-phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mode. The combination of C18 and phenyl columns realized the complementary separation of iridoid glycosides in Fr.1-2. Meanwhile, the improved selectivity caused by the change of organic solvent in the mobile phase was utilized to realize the purification of flavonoid glycosides in Fr.1-3 and Fr. 2-1. Finally, 27 compounds (purity > 95%) mainly involving nine iridoid glycosides and five flavonoid glycosides were obtained. A complete strategy was established for the separation of a complex sample with a wide polarity range, to jointly solve the problems of enrichment of target components and separation of structural analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xinhe Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian, P. R. China
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Chen X, Yang Z, Xu Y, Liu Z, Liu Y, Dai Y, Chen S. Progress and prediction of multicomponent quantification in complex systems with practical LC-UV methods. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:142-155. [PMID: 36908853 PMCID: PMC9999300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex systems exist widely, including medicines from natural products, functional foods, and biological samples. The biological activity of complex systems is often the result of the synergistic effect of multiple components. In the quality evaluation of complex samples, multicomponent quantitative analysis (MCQA) is usually needed. To overcome the difficulty in obtaining standard products, scholars have proposed achieving MCQA through the "single standard to determine multiple components (SSDMC)" approach. This method has been used in the determination of multicomponent content in natural source drugs and the analysis of impurities in chemical drugs and has been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Depending on a convenient (ultra) high-performance liquid chromatography method, how can the repeatability and robustness of the MCQA method be improved? How can the chromatography conditions be optimized to improve the number of quantitative components? How can computer software technology be introduced to improve the efficiency of multicomponent analysis (MCA)? These are the key problems that remain to be solved in practical MCQA. First, this review article summarizes the calculation methods of relative correction factors in the SSDMC approach in the past five years, as well as the method robustness and accuracy evaluation. Second, it also summarizes methods to improve peak capacity and quantitative accuracy in MCA, including column selection and two-dimensional chromatographic analysis technology. Finally, computer software technologies for predicting chromatographic conditions and analytical parameters are introduced, which provides an idea for intelligent method development in MCA. This paper aims to provide methodological ideas for the improvement of complex system analysis, especially MCQA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuntao Dai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Shilin Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Corresponding author. Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Ding L, Yu D, Zhou Y, Han Z, Liu L, Huo L, Jin G, Guo Z. Evaluation and application of a positively-charged phenylaminopropyl bonded stationary phase for separation of basic compounds. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1660:462674. [PMID: 34781045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Silica-based positively-charged stationary phase bonding phenylaminopropyl (named PHN) was found to produce symmetrical peak shape and higher sample loading for basic compounds. In this work, firstly, surface charge property of the PHN was evaluated by ζ-potential and retention of NO3-. A considerable amount of pH-dependent positive charges was confirmed more than that on CSH Phenyl-Hexyl, a commercial positively-charged phenyl stationary phase. Then chromatographic evaluation of standard alkaloids revealed that PHN could offer better peak shape and higher column efficiency at lower pH, and it functioned well under a wide range of buffer ionic strength. The PHN also showed different selectivity for basic compounds compared to the CSH Phenyl-Hexyl. Furthermore, it provided superior peak shape for high sample mass, demonstrating potential applications of this stationary phase in a preparative scale. These results can be explained by the strong charge intensity of the PHN stationary phase. Finally, the PHN was applied to separate a fraction from rhizomes of Corydalis decumbens, and purify dehydrocorybulbine from Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang. Our study indicated the advantages and potential applications of the phenylaminopropyl bonded PHN stationary phase for basic compound separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Dongping Yu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Yongzheng Zhou
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Ziwei Han
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Liduo Huo
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Gaowa Jin
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China; Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China; Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China.
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Gou Y, Geng Z, Zhong L, Wei J, Liu J, Deng X, Li M, Yuan J, Wang Y, Guo L. A new strategy for quality evaluation and control of Chinese patent medicine based on chiral isomer ratio analysis: With Yuanhuzhitong tablet as an example. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5211. [PMID: 34216391 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chiral compounds commonly exist in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), but little research on the quality control of TCM has been conducted. In this study, a new strategy is proposed, taking Yuanhuzhitong tablet [YHZT, consisting of Radix Angelicae Dahuricae and Rhizoma Corydalis (Yan Hu Suo, YHS)] for example, which is based on chiral isomer ratio analysis to monitor the production process of Chinese patent medicine companies. In the process of content determination for tetrahydropalmatine (THP) in YHZT from different companies, noticeable differences were observed in their chromatographic behaviors. It is known that THP has two enantiomers, naturally coexisting in YHS as a racemic mixture, so we prepared THP twice and subsequently performed chiral separation analysis using supercritical fluid chromatography. As a result, the peak area ratios of two enantiomers from different companies varied remarkably, demonstrating that some companies did not probably manufacture YHZT products in accordance with the prescription proportion, used inferior or extracted YSH crude materials in the production process, and added raw chemical medicine in the production to reach the standard and lower the costs. In conclusion, the peak area ratio of chiral isomers could be taken as a key quality index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Geng
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Lian Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, China
| | - Jinchao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Juanru Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Deng
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Li Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Huang W, Pan Y, Jiang H, Chen Y, Hu L, Zhang H, Yan J. A comprehensive quality evaluation method of Corydalis yanhusuo by HPLC fingerprints, chemometrics, and correlation analysis. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2054-2064. [PMID: 33682338 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A novel quality evaluation method of Corydalis yanhusuo was established by researching the high-performance liquid chromatography behavior of alkaloids under different buffer solutions and exploring the correlation between alkaloids in C. yanhusuo. The retention times of tetrahydropalmatine and corydaline were significantly influenced by pH, while the peak shape was affected by buffer types and ionic strength. The resolution of compounds in fingerprint was satisfactory under acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid buffer (adjusted pH to 5.0 with triethylamine). Twelve common peaks were found by comparing 20 batches of C. yanhusuo fingerprints, and three tertiary alkaloids and four quaternary alkaloids were identified. The fingerprints were analyzed by similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and partial least squares discriminant analysis. All samples were divided into three groups, and the contents of dehydrocorydaline and coptisine from Zhejiang province were relatively higher than other origins. There were six components performing more contributions to the quality of C. yanhusuo. The correlations between alkaloids were conducted by Pearson correlation analysis and mathematical model analysis. The content correlation between palmatine and berberine was y = 0.28x2 + 0.03x + 0.03, and the dehydrocorydaline and coptisine was y = -7.54/(1 + (x/0.14)0.5 ) + 2.61. The established mathematical model of alkaloids provided a guiding significance for the quality control of C. yanhusuo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yan Pan
- Zhejiang Conba Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jinhua, 310052, P. R. China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Linshui Hu
- Zhejiang Conba Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jinhua, 310052, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
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Wang J, Wu X. Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiuwei Zhenxin Granules in Treating Depression: An Overview. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2237-2255. [PMID: 33116523 PMCID: PMC7541918 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s273324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is known as "Yu Zheng" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Jiuwei Zhenxin granules (JZG) is a type of TCM. According to TCM theory, it nourishes the heart and spleen, tonifies Qi, and tranquilizes the spirit, and may also has effects in the treatment of depression. Here, we systematically reviewed recent basic and clinical experimental studies of JZG and depression, including studies of the pharmacological mechanisms, active ingredients, and clinical applications of JZG in depression treatment. This review will deepen our understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms, drug interactions, and clinical applications of TCM prescriptions and provide a basis for the development of new drugs in the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingmao Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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