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Yu Q, Fu Q, Xia Y, Wu Y. Predictors, clinical impact, and management strategies for conduction abnormalities after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: an updated review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1370244. [PMID: 38650916 PMCID: PMC11033487 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1370244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has increasingly become a safe, feasible, and widely accepted alternative surgical treatment for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. However, the incidence of conduction abnormalities associated with TAVR, including left bundle branch block (LBBB) and high-degree atrioventricular block (HAVB), remains high and is often correlated with risk factors such as the severity of valvular calcification, preexisting conditions in patients, and procedural factors. The existing research results on the impact of post-TAVR conduction abnormalities and permanent pacemaker (PPM) requirements on prognosis, including all-cause mortality and rehospitalization, remain contradictory, with varied management strategies for post-TAVR conduction system diseases across different institutions. This review integrates the latest research in the field, offering a comprehensive discussion of the mechanisms, risk factors, consequences, and management of post-TAVR conduction abnormalities. This study provides insights into optimizing patient prognosis and explores the potential of novel strategies, such as conduction system pacing, to minimize the risk of adverse clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Margulescu AD, Thomas DE, Awadalla M, Shah P, Khurana A, Aldalati O, Obaid DR, Chase AJ, Smith D. Prevalence and progression of LV dysfunction and dyssynchrony in patients with new-onset LBBB post TAVR. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2024:S1553-8389(24)00154-4. [PMID: 38604832 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of new-onset left bundle branch block (N-LBBB) developing after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) on cardiac function and mechanical dyssynchrony is not well defined. METHODS We retrospectively screened all patients who underwent TAVR in our centre between Oct 2018 and Sept 2021 (n = 409). We identified 38 patients with N-LBBB post-operatively (of which 28 were persistent and 10 were transient), and 17 patients with chronic pre-existent LBBB (C-LBBB). We excluded patients requiring pacing post TAVR. For all groups, we retrospectively analysed stored echocardiograms at 3 time points: before TAVR (T0), early after TAVR (T1, 1.2 ± 1.1 days), and late follow-up (T2, 1.5 ± 0.8 years), comparing LV mass and volumes, indices of LV function (LV ejection fraction, LVEF; global longitudinal strain, GLS), and mechanical dyssynchrony indices (systolic stretch index, severity of septal flash). RESULTS At baseline (T0), C-LBBB had worse cardiac function, and larger LV volumes and LV mass, compared with patients with N-LBBB. At T1, N-LBBB resulted in mild dyssynchrony and decreased LVEF and GLS. Dyssynchrony progressed at T2 in persistent N-LBBB but not C-LBBB. In both groups however, LVEF remained stable at T2, although individual response was variable. Patients with better LVEF at baseline demonstrated a higher proportion of developing LBBB-induced LV dysfunction at T2. Lack of improvement of LVEF immediately after TAVR predicted deteriorating LVEF at T2. In transient LBBB, cardiac function and most dyssynchrony indices returned to baseline. CONCLUSIONS N-LBBB after TAVR results in an immediate reduction of cardiac function, in spite of only mild dyssynchrony. When LBBB persists, patients with better cardiac function before TAVR are more likely to have LBBB-induced LV dysfunction after TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei D Margulescu
- Department of Cardiology, Morriston Regional Cardiac Centre, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
| | - Dewi E Thomas
- Department of Cardiology, Morriston Regional Cardiac Centre, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK; Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Magid Awadalla
- Mater Private Network Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7 D07 WKW8, Ireland.
| | - Parin Shah
- Department of Cardiology, Morriston Regional Cardiac Centre, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
| | - Ayush Khurana
- Department of Cardiology, Morriston Regional Cardiac Centre, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK.
| | - Omar Aldalati
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK.
| | - Daniel R Obaid
- Department of Cardiology, Morriston Regional Cardiac Centre, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK; Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Alexander J Chase
- Department of Cardiology, Morriston Regional Cardiac Centre, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK; Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - David Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Morriston Regional Cardiac Centre, Morriston Hospital, Heol Maes Eglwys, Swansea SA6 6NL, UK; Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
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Saito T, Inohara T, Tsuruta H, Yashima F, Shimizu H, Fukuda K, Ohno Y, Nishina H, Izumo M, Asami M, Naganuma T, Mizutani K, Yamawaki M, Tada N, Yamanaka F, Shirai S, Noguchi M, Ueno H, Takagi K, Watanabe Y, Yamamoto M, Hayashida K. Pre-Existing Left Bundle Branch Block and Clinical Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC. ASIA 2024; 4:306-319. [PMID: 38660100 PMCID: PMC11035950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Background Few reports on pre-existing left bundle branch block (LBBB) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are currently available. Further, no present studies compare patients with new onset LBBB with those with pre-existing LBBB. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the association between pre-existing or new onset LBBB and clinical outcomes after TAVR. Methods Using data from the Japanese multicenter registry, 5,996 patients who underwent TAVR between October 2013 and December 2019 were included. Patients were classified into 3 groups: no LBBB, pre-existing LBBB, and new onset LBBB. The 2-year clinical outcomes were compared between 3 groups using Cox proportional hazards models and propensity score analysis to adjust the differences in baseline characteristics. Results Of 5,996 patients who underwent TAVR, 280 (4.6%) had pre-existing LBBB, while 1,658 (27.6%) experienced new onset LBBB. Compared with the no LBBB group, multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that pre-existing LBBB was associated not only with a higher 2-year all-cause (adjusted HR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.06-1.82; P = 0.015) and cardiovascular (adjusted HR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.04-2.48; P = 0.031) mortality, but also with higher all-cause (adjusted HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.07-1.91; P = 0.016) and cardiovascular (adjusted HR: 1.81, 95% CI:1.12-2.93; P = 0.014) mortality than the new onset LBBB group. Heart failure was the most common cause of cardiovascular death, with more heart failure deaths in the pre-existing LBBB group. Conclusions Pre-existing LBBB was independently associated with poor clinical outcomes, reflecting an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality after TAVR. Patients with pre-existing LBBB should be carefully monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Saito
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Inohara
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Tsuruta
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Yashima
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Ohno
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nishina
- Department of Cardiology, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masaki Izumo
- Department of Cardiology, St. Marianna University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Asami
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Naganuma
- Department of Cardiology, New Tokyo Hospital, Matsudo, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Yamawaki
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Yokohama-City Eastern Hospital, Tsurumi, Japan
| | - Norio Tada
- Department of Cardiology, Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Futoshi Yamanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shirai
- Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kokura, Japan
| | - Masahiko Noguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Cardiology, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kensuke Takagi
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hayashida
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - the OCEAN-TAVI Investigators
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, St. Marianna University, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, New Tokyo Hospital, Matsudo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Yokohama-City Eastern Hospital, Tsurumi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kokura, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center, Urayasu, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Heart Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
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Nakashima M, Jilaihawi H, He Y, Williams D, Pushkar I, Williams M, Hisamoto K. Membranous Septum Length Predicts New Conduction Abnormalities in Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Novel Predictor for Permanent Pacemaker Implantation After Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement. J Surg Res 2024; 295:385-392. [PMID: 38070251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The membranous septum (MS) length measured by cardiac computed tomography (CT) is useful for the prediction of permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMI) and new left bundle branch block (LBBB) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. However, its predictive value for patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is unknown. METHODS A total of 2531 consecutive patients were registered in the institutional Society of Thoracic Surgeons database between July 2017 and June 2020. Patients who underwent non-SAVR procedures, had prior pacemaker/implantable cardioverter defibrillator, prior SAVR, no preprocedural CT assessment, or suboptimal CT imaging were excluded. RESULTS A total of 126 SAVR with preprocedural CT assessment were analyzed. Bicuspid aortic valve morphology was confirmed on CT in 59.5% of patients. There were three new PPMIs and five new LBBBs observed after SAVR at the time of discharge. In-hospital mortality was 0.8%. Low left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (<50%), LV mass index >120 g/m2, large right coronary artery height, and MS length <1.5 mm predicted new PPMI/LBBB. Multivariate analysis showed LV mass index >120 g/m2 (odds ratio: 9.165; 95% confidence interval: 1.644-51.080; P = 0.011) and MS length <1.5 mm (odds ratio: 14.449; 95% confidence interval: 1.632-127.954; P = 0.016) were independent predictors for new PPMI/LBBB. CONCLUSIONS Short MS length on preoperative cardiac CT is a powerful and novel predictor for the risk of new PPMI/LBBB after SAVR. Special care should be taken in patients with short MS length to avoid suture-mediated trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuxin He
- Heart Valve Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - David Williams
- Heart Valve Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Illya Pushkar
- Heart Valve Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | | | - Kazuhiro Hisamoto
- Heart Valve Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York; Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
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Damas F, Nguyen Trung ML, Postolache A, Petitjean H, Lempereur M, Viva T, Oury C, Dulgheru R, Lancellotti P. Cardiac Damage and Conduction Disorders after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. J Clin Med 2024; 13:409. [PMID: 38256543 PMCID: PMC10816504 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, a staging system using 4 grades has been proposed to quantify the extent of cardiac damage associated with aortic stenosis (AS), namely AS-related cardiac damage staging (ASCDS). ASCDS is independently associated with all-cause mortality and important clinical outcomes. To evaluate whether it might be associated with the occurrence of conduction system disorders after TAVI, a total of 119 symptomatic patients with severe AS who underwent a TAVI were categorized according to ASCDS: group 1 (13.5%): no or LV damage; group 2 (58.8%): left atrial/mitral valve damage, atrial fibrillation (AF); group 3 (27.7%): low-flow state, pulmonary vasculature/tricuspid valve/RV damage. After TAVI, 34% of patients exhibited LBBB and 10% high-degree atrioventricular block (HD-AVB). No patient in group 1 developed HD-AVB whereas new LBBB was frequent in groups 2 and 3. Twenty-one patients presented with paroxysmal AF with a higher rate for each group increment (group 1: n = 0, 0%; group 2: n = 11, 15.7%; group 3: n = 10, 30.3%) (p = 0.012). Patients in group 3 had the higher rate of permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMI) (group 1: n = 1, 6.3%; group 2: n = 7, 10%; group 3: n = 9, 27.3%) (p = 0.012). In conclusion, ASCDS might help identify patients at higher risk of conduction disorders and PPMI requirement after TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Damas
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Mai-Linh Nguyen Trung
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Adriana Postolache
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Hélène Petitjean
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Mathieu Lempereur
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Tommaso Viva
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
- Department of Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Galeazzi, Sant’Ambrogio Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Cécile Oury
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Raluca Dulgheru
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Sart Tilman, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences Liège, University of Liège Hospital, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (F.D.); (M.-L.N.T.); (A.P.); (H.P.); (M.L.); (T.V.); (C.O.); (R.D.)
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Park S, Kang DY, Ahn JM, Kim DH, Park DW, Park SJ, Kang JW, Yang DH, Lee SA, Koo HJ. Impact of new-onset arrhythmia on cardiac reverse remodeling following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: computed tomography-derived left ventricular and atrial strains. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:8454-8463. [PMID: 37368107 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are at risk for new-onset arrhythmia (NOA) that may require permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation, resulting in decreased cardiac function. We aimed to investigate the factors that are associated with NOA after TAVR and to compare pre- and post-TAVR cardiac functions between patients with and without NOA using CT-derived strain analyses. METHODS We included consecutive patients who underwent pre- and post-TAVR cardiac CT scans six months after TAVR. New-onset left bundle branch block, atrioventricular block, and atrial fibrillation/flutter lasting over 30 days after the procedure and/or the need for PPM diagnosed within 1 year after TAVR were regarded as NOA. Implant depth and left heart function and strains were analyzed using multi-phase CT images and compared between patients with and without NOA. RESULTS Of 211 patients (41.7% men; median 81 years), 52 (24.6%) presented with NOA after TAVR, and 24 (11.4%) implanted PPM. Implant depth was significantly deeper in the NOA group than in the non-NOA group (- 6.7 ± 2.4 vs. - 5.6 ± 2.6 mm; p = 0.009). Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) and left atrial (LA) reservoir strain were significantly improved only in the non-NOA group (LV GLS, - 15.5 ± 4.0 to - 17.3 ± 2.9%; p < 0.001; LA reservoir strain, 22.3 ± 8.9 to 26.5 ± 7.6%; p < 0.001). The mean percent change of the LV GLS and LA reservoir strains was evident in the non-NOA group (p = 0.019 and p = 0.035, respectively). CONCLUSIONS A quarter of patients presented with NOA after TAVR. Deep implant depth on post-TAVR CT scans was associated with NOA. Patients with NOA after TAVR had impaired LV reserve remodeling assessed by CT-derived strains. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT New-onset arrhythmia (NOA) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) impairs cardiac reverse remodeling. CT-derived strain analysis reveals that patients with NOA do not show improvement in left heart function and strains, highlighting the importance of managing NOA for optimal outcomes. KEY POINTS • New-onset arrhythmia following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a concern that interferes with cardiac reverse remodeling. • Comparison of pre-and post-TAVR CT-derived left heart strain provides insight into the impaired cardiac reverse remodeling in patients with new-onset arrhythmia following TAVR. • The expected reverse remodeling was not observed in patients with new-onset arrhythmia following TAVR, given that CT-derived left heart function and strains did not improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Do-Yoon Kang
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jung-Min Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Kim
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Duk-Woo Park
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Park
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Joon-Won Kang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Yang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Lee
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
| | - Hyun Jung Koo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
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7
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Halapas A, Koliastasis L, Doundoulakis I, Antoniou CK, Stefanadis C, Tsiachris D. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation and Conduction Disturbances: Focus on Clinical Implications. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:469. [PMID: 37998527 PMCID: PMC10672026 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10110469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established alternative to surgery in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis and has expanded its indications to even low-surgical-risk patients. Conduction abnormalities (CA) and permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantations remain a relatively common finding post TAVI due to the close proximity of the conduction system to the aortic root. New onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) and high-grade atrioventricular block are the most commonly reported CA post TAVI. The overall rate of PPM implantation post TAVI varies and is related to pre- and intra-procedural factors. Therefore, when screening patients for TAVI, Heart Teams should take under consideration the various anatomical, pathophysiological and procedural conditions that predispose to CA and PPM requirement after the procedure. This is particularly important as TAVI is being offered to younger patients with longer life-expectancy. Herein, we highlight the incidence, predictors, impact and management of CA in patients undergoing TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Halapas
- Department of Interventional Cardiologist and THV Program, Athens Medical Center, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Leonidas Koliastasis
- Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Ioannis Doundoulakis
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University, “Hippokration” Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.-K.A.); (D.T.)
- Athens Heart Centre, Athens Medical Centre, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christos-Konstantinos Antoniou
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University, “Hippokration” Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.-K.A.); (D.T.)
- Athens Heart Centre, Athens Medical Centre, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Dimitrios Tsiachris
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University, “Hippokration” Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.-K.A.); (D.T.)
- Athens Heart Centre, Athens Medical Centre, 11526 Athens, Greece;
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8
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Moriyama N, Sugiyama Y, Miyashita H, Yokoyama H, Yamaguchi M, Ochiai T, Shishido K, Jalanko M, Yamanaka F, Vähäsilta T, Laine M, Saito S. Hemodynamics and Conduction Disturbance After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With SAPIEN3 Ultra Versus SAPIEN3: The HomoSAPIEN 2 Study. Am J Cardiol 2023; 207:140-149. [PMID: 37738784 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The optimal percent oversizing (%OS) using the SAPIEN3 Ultra (S3U) weighing the incidence of paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) ≥ mild against the risk of conduction disturbance (CD) is not known. This study sought to define an optimal extent of the annulus area %OS suitable for transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the S3U compared with the SAPIEN3 (S3). A total of 350 patients with the S3U were compared with 606 patients with the S3. Patients were categorized depending on the degree of %OS. PVR ≥ mild was observed in 8.9% of patients with the S3U and in 21.8% of those with the S3 (p <0.001). The S3U demonstrated a sustainably lower incidence of PVR ≥ mild than the S3 in any extent of %OS. There was an inverse proportional relation between the extent of %OS and frequency of PVR ≥ mild in the S3, whereas the S3U group provided little change. The incidences of PVR ≥ mild were steady >5%OS in the S3 (5% to 10%OS: 13.3%, and >10%OS: 12.1%) and >0%OS in the S3U (0% to 5%OS: 5.9%, 5% to 10%OS: 6.0%, and >10%OS: 6.1%). An increasing %OS was independently associated with the occurrence of CD (<0%OS: 9.8%, 0% to 5%OS: 13.1%, 5% to 10%OS: 16.6%, and >10%OS: 19.2%, p = 0.012). The incidence of PVR ≥ mild and/or CD was the lowest (10.1%) in the 0% to 5%OS in patients with the S3U. In conclusion, the HomoSAPIEN2 study suggests that the S3U tolerates a lesser degree of %OS for mitigating PVR ≥ mild than the S3. Minimal %OS, ranging from 0% to 5%, may be optimal for the S3U with balancing the risk of PVR and CD. Trial Identifier: UMIN000040413/URL: https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000046115.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Moriyama
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Sugiyama
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan; Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hirokazu Miyashita
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yokoyama
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamaguchi
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ochiai
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Koki Shishido
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Mikko Jalanko
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Futoshi Yamanaka
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Tommi Vähäsilta
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Laine
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
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9
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Schlömicher M, Useini D, Haldenwang PL, Naraghi H, Moustafine V, Bechtel M, Strauch JT. Outcomes in Patients with Left Bundle Branch Block after Rapid Deployment Aortic Valve Replacement. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 71:528-534. [PMID: 35108737 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased rates of postoperative left bundle branch block (LBBB) and permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) frequently occur after implantation of rapid deployment valves. The impact of LBBB on follow-up outcomes remains controversial. So far, no data regarding long-term outcomes exist. AIM The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of LBBB on postoperative outcomes after rapid deployment aortic valve replacement (RDAVR). METHODS A total of 620 consecutive patients without preexisting LBBB or PPI who underwent rapid deployment AVR between March 2012 and September 2019 were included. New-onset LBBB was defined as any new LBBB that persisted at hospital discharge. The median follow-up time for clinical data was 1.7 years post-RDAVR. RESULTS At discharge, new-onset LBBB was seen in 109 patients (17.5%). There were no differences between the LBBB groups and no-LBBB groups regarding baseline characteristics. At a median follow-up of 1.7 years, no difference was found between LBBB groups and no-LBBB groups concerning all-cause mortality (12.8 vs. 11.7%; hazard ratio [HR]: 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-1.53; p = 0.54). Nevertheless, new-onset LBBB was associated with significant higher pacemaker implantation rates at follow-up (10.1 vs. 6.3%; HR: 3.58; 95% CI: 1.89-6.81 p < 0.001). CONCLUSION After a median follow-up of 1.7 years, new-onset LBBB was not associated with increased mortality. Nevertheless, higher pacemaker implantation rates were observed in patients with new-onset LBBB after RDAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schlömicher
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ruhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dritan Useini
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ruhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter Lukas Haldenwang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ruhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hamid Naraghi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ruhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vadim Moustafine
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ruhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Matthias Bechtel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ruhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Justus Thomas Strauch
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ruhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
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10
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Sasaki K, Kuwata S, Izumo M, Koga M, Kai T, Sato Y, Okuno T, Kobayashi Y, Murata R, Tanabe Y, Akashi YJ. Three-Year Clinical Impacts of Permanence, Resolution, and Absence of Newly-Developed Left Bundle Branch Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. Am J Cardiol 2023; 202:166-168. [PMID: 37451061 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sasaki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Shingo Kuwata
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masaki Izumo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masashi Koga
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yukio Sato
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Taishi Okuno
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Kobayashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Risako Murata
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro J Akashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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11
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Patel H, Tsai C, Atallah I, Ahmad A, Bedi R, Golemi L, Mikhail S, Karickal J, Azrak E, Bishara S, Harjai K, Bauer C, Hussein A, Gopinathannair R, Mar PL. Electrophysiological evaluation following development of new and persistent left bundle branch block after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A single center pilot study. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 46:1099-1108. [PMID: 37428778 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION New and persistent left bundle branch block (NP-LBBB) following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is an ongoing concern with incidence ranging from as low as 4% to up to 65% (varying for different types of valves). Such patients are at risk of developing high-grade atrioventricular block (HAVB) warranting permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation. However, currently, there are no consensus guidelines or large prospective studies to risk stratify these patients for safer discharge after TAVR. OBJECTIVES To provide insight from a single center study on using modified electrophysiology (EP) study to risk stratify post-TAVR patients to outpatient monitoring for low-risk versus pacemaker implantation for high-risk patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Between June 2020 and March 2023, all patients who underwent a TAVR procedure (324 patients) at our institution were screened for development of NP-LBBB post-operatively. Out of 26 patients who developed NP-LBBB, after a pre-specified period of observation, 18 patients were deemed eligible for a modified EP study to assess His-Ventricular (HV) interval. 11 out of 18 patients (61.1%) had normal HV interval (HV < 55 ms). Three out of 18 patients (16.7%) had HV prolongation (55 ms < HV < 70 ms) without significant HV prolongation (defined as an increase in HV interval > 30%) with intra-procedural procainamide challenge. Four out of 18 patients (22.2%) had significant HV prolongation (HV > 70 ms) warranting PPM implantation based on a multidisciplinary approach and shared decision-making with the patients. Total of 50% of patients discharged with PPM (two out of four patients) were noted to be pacemaker dependent based on serial device interrogations. All patients who did not receive PPM were discharged with ambulatory monitoring with 30-day event monitor and did not develop HAVB on serial follow-up. CONCLUSION Normal HV interval up to 55 ms on modified EP study after TAVR and development of NP-LBBB can be utilized as a threshold for risk stratification to facilitate safe discharge. The optimal upper limit of HV interval threshold remains unclear in determining appropriate candidacy for PPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiren Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christina Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Issam Atallah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ali Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rohil Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lolita Golemi
- Department of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Salwa Mikhail
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Elie Azrak
- SSM Health, Heart and Vascular Institute, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sam Bishara
- SSM Health, Heart and Vascular Institute, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kishore Harjai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christopher Bauer
- SSM Health, Heart and Vascular Institute, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ahmed Hussein
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Philip L Mar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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12
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Percy ED, Harloff M, Hirji S, Tartarini RJ, McGurk S, Cherkasky O, Kaneko T. Outcomes of procedural complications in transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 165:1346-1355.e5. [PMID: 34053738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As the application of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) expands, the longitudinal implications of periprocedural complications are increasingly relevant. We examine the influence of TAVR complications on midterm survival. METHODS Patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR at our institution between November 2011 and June 2018 were reviewed. Stroke severity was classified according to the National Institutes of Health stroke score. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess survival, and a Cox proportional hazards model was created to examine independent associations with survival. The median follow-up time was 36 months for a total of 2789 patient-years. RESULTS Overall, 866 patients were included. The mean age was 80 ± 9.5 years and mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 4.8% ± 2.7%. The mortality rate at 30-days was 2.8% and 11.8% at 1 year. In-hospital left bundle branch block and 30-day permanent pacemaker insertion occurred in 14.8% and 7.9%, respectively. Postprocedural greater-than-mild paravalvular leak was present in 4.4% and stroke occurred in 3.8% at 30-days. Greater-than-mild paravalvular leak was associated with decreased survival at 2 years (P = .02), but not at 5 years. Severe stroke was independently associated with decreased survival at 5 years (hazard ratio, 5.73; 95% confidence interval, 2.29-14.36; P ≤ .001); however, the effect of nonsevere stroke did not reach significance (hazard ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-3.47; P = .152). CONCLUSIONS Severe stroke was independently associated with decreased 5-year survival and initial risks associated with paravalvular leak may be attenuated over the midterm following transfemoral TAVR. Strategies to minimize the incidence of stroke and paravalvular leak must be prioritized to improve longitudinal outcomes after TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Percy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Morgan Harloff
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Sameer Hirji
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Siobhan McGurk
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Olena Cherkasky
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Tsuyoshi Kaneko
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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13
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Sakata T, De La Pena C, Ohira S. Rapid-Deployment Aortic Valve Replacement: Patient Selection and Special Considerations. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2023; 19:169-180. [PMID: 37016696 PMCID: PMC10066891 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s374410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sutureless or rapid deployment valves in the setting of aortic valve replacement (AVR) is an emerging surgical technique using the transcatheter valve technology, which may lead to reduction in cross-clamp time and potentially better hemodynamics compared to a stented bioprosthetic valve. The absence of subannular pledgets results to excellent hemodynamic performance with reduced turbulent flow and larger effective orifice area. However, complications from both surgical and transcatheter AVR may still occur and impact survival. The incidence of paravalvular leakage and permanent pacemaker implantation are not low. Although technical modifications can improve these outcomes, there is a learning curve effect. Therefore, technical and anatomical considerations as well as better patient selection are paramount for better outcomes. In this review, we discuss the use of sutureless or rapid deployment valves in setting of (1) complex procedures, (2) minimally invasive AVR, and (3) small aortic annulus. The advantage of sutureless or rapid deployment valves in terms of mortality remains to be clarified; therefore, it is necessary to accumulate long-term outcomes in an appropriate patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Sakata
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Corazon De La Pena
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Suguru Ohira
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
- Correspondence: Suguru Ohira, Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, 100 Woods Road, Macy Pavilion, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA, Tel +1 404 234 5433, Email
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14
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Ananwattanasuk T, Atreya AR, Teerawongsakul P, Ghannam M, Lathkar-Pradhan S, Latchamsetty R, Jame S, Patel HJ, Grossman PM, Oral H, Jongnarangsin K. Outcomes in patients with electrocardiographic left ventricular dyssynchrony following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Heart Rhythm 2023; 20:22-28. [PMID: 35948202 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left bundle branch block (LBBB) and atrioventricular (AV) conduction abnormalities requiring permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation occur frequently following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The resultant left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony may be associated with adverse clinical events. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the adverse outcomes associated with LV dyssynchrony due to high-burden right ventricular (RV) pacing or permanent LBBB following TAVR in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). METHODS Consecutive TAVR patients at the University of Michigan from January 2012 to June 2017 were included. Pre-existing cardiac implantable electronic device, previous LBBB, LVEF <50%, or follow-up period <1 year were excluded. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included cardiomyopathy (defined as LVEF ≤45%), a composite endpoint of cardiomyopathy or all-cause mortality, and the change in LVEF at 1-year follow-up. RESULTS A total of 362 patients were analyzed (mean age 77 years). LV dyssynchrony group (n = 91 [25.1%]) included 56 permanent LBBB patients, 12 permanent LBBB patients with PPM, and 23 non-LBBB patients with PPM and high-burden RV pacing. Remaining patients served as control (n = 271 [74.9%]). After adjusted analysis, LV dyssynchrony had significantly higher all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-4.37) and cardiomyopathy (adjusted HR 14.80; 95% CI 6.31-14.69). The LV dyssynchrony group had mean LVEF decline of 10.5% ± 10.2% compared to a small increase (0.5% ± 7.7%) in control. CONCLUSION Among TAVR patients with preserved LVEF and normal AV conduction, development of postprocedural LV dyssynchrony secondary to high-burden RV pacing or permanent LBBB was associated with significantly higher risk of death and cardiomyopathy at 1-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teetouch Ananwattanasuk
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Thailand
| | - Auras R Atreya
- Institute of Cardiac Sciences and Research, AIG Hospitals, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India
| | - Padoemwut Teerawongsakul
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Thailand
| | - Michael Ghannam
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sangeeta Lathkar-Pradhan
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rakesh Latchamsetty
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sina Jame
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Himanshu J Patel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigana
| | - Paul Michael Grossman
- Division of Interventional Cardiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hakan Oral
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Krit Jongnarangsin
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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15
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Predictors of high-degree atrioventricular block in patients with new-onset left bundle branch block following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2022; 65:765-772. [PMID: 36056221 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-022-01361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of new left bundle branch block (LBBB) is frequently seen post TAVR and is a known risk factor for progression to high degree AV block. The timing and likelihood of progression into complete heart block is variable and can develop after hospital discharge. We sought to determine predictors for the development of high degree AV block in patients who developed LBBB following TAVR. METHODS All patients between 2014 and 2019 underwent electrophysiology study after developing LBBB post TAVR. Data on these patients including baseline characteristics, echo parameters, EKG variables, HV interval, and the need for subsequent pacemaker implantation were extracted. A prolonged HV interval was defined as ≥ 65 ms. Clinically significant conduction abnormality was defined as development of high-degree AV block or clinically significant complete heart block. RESULTS Thirty-four patients were included in our study of which 10 (29.4%) developed clinically significant heart block, while 24 (70.6%) did not. The mean HV interval for patients with clinically significant heart block was 70.1 ms vs 57.8 ms for those who did not (p = 0.022). Pre-existing first-degree heart block prior to TAVR (p = 0.026), history of AFib (p = 0.05) in addition to STS score (p = 0.037) were predictors of development of high-degree AV block in our patient population. CONCLUSIONS In patients who develop LBBB following TAVR, HV interval, pre-existing first-degree heart block, and STS score predict progression to high-degree AV block. Performance of a routine electrophysiology study should be considered for high-risk patients who develop LBBB following TAVR.
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16
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Incidence, predictors, and prognostic impact of temporary left bundle branch block after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. J Electrocardiol 2022; 74:114-115. [PMID: 36183520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about temporary Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We aim to evaluate the incidence, prognostic impact and predictors of temporary LBBB in TAVR patients. METHODS Electrocardiograms (ECGs) obtained before and after TAVR, at discharge and at 30-day follow-up were anonymously analyzed by 5 cardiologists. Temporary LBBB included transient LBBB or persistent LBBB. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 1-year after TAVR. RESULTS Out of 198 patients, 55 (27.7%) developed temporary LBBB. No differences between groups were observed in primary endpoint. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was identified as predictive factor of transient LBBB. CONCLUSIONS Temporary LBBB has no significant impact on survival at 1 year after the procedure.
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17
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Tsushima T, Main A, Al-Kindi SG, Dallan LAP, Wheat HL, Baeza CR, Pelletier MP, Arruda MS, Mackall JA, Thal SG, Ohno Y, Lee KH, Siqueira DA, Kaneko T, Harloff MT, Costa G, Barbanti M, Attizzani GF. Risk Stratification of New Persistent Left Bundle Branch Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2022; 175:80-87. [PMID: 35597627 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies reported that new-onset persistent left bundle branch block (NOP-LBBB) was related to worse outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, these results can be confounded by the presence of permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation before and after TAVI. Long-term outcomes and the risk stratification of NOP-LBBB not having PPM implantation before and after TAVI have not been fully investigated. This is an international, multicenter, retrospective study of patients who underwent TAVI from July 31, 2007, to May 8, 2020. A total of 2,240 patients were included, and 17.5% of patients developed NOP-LBBB. NOP-LBBB was associated with cardiac mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.419, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.014 to 1.985, p = 0.041) and the composite outcomes of cardiac mortality and/or heart failure readmission (aHR 1.313, 95% CI 1.027 to 1.678, p = 0.030). Patients who developed NOP-LBBB with pre-TAVI left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% were significantly associated with cardiac mortality (aHR 2.049, 95% CI 1.039 to 4.041, p = 0.038), heart failure (aHR 3.990, 95% CI 2.362 to 6.741, p <0.001), and the composite outcome (aHR 2.729, 95% CI 1.703 to 4.374, p <0.001). Although NOP-LBBB with pre-TAVI LVEF >40% had a significant decrease in LVEF 6 to 12 months after TAVI (-1.8 ± 9.7% vs +0.6 ± 8.1%, p = 0.003), NOP-LBBB with pre-TAVI LVEF <40% had a significant increase in LVEF 6 to 12 months after TAVI (+9.7 ± 13.6% vs +13.0 ± 11.7%, p = 0.157). In conclusion, patients with NOP-LBBB without pre-TAVI and post-TAVI PPM developed significantly worse long-term outcomes, especially in patients with pre-TAVI LVEF <40%. Further prospective investigation should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tsushima
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anthony Main
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sadeer G Al-Kindi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Luis Augusto Palma Dallan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Heather L Wheat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cristian R Baeza
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Marc P Pelletier
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mauricio S Arruda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Judith A Mackall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sergio G Thal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yohei Ohno
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kyong-Hee Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Dimytri A Siqueira
- Department of Cardiology, Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia - Fundação Adib Jatene, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tsuyoshi Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Morgan T Harloff
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giuliano Costa
- Division of Cardiology, Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Barbanti
- Division of Cardiology, Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Guilherme F Attizzani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
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18
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Dowling C, Gooley R, McCormick L, Rashid HN, Dargan J, Khan F, Firoozi S, Brecker SJ. Patient-Specific Computer Simulation to Predict Conduction Disturbance With Current-Generation Self-Expanding Transcatheter Heart Valves. STRUCTURAL HEART : THE JOURNAL OF THE HEART TEAM 2022; 6:100010. [PMID: 37274548 PMCID: PMC10236875 DOI: 10.1016/j.shj.2022.100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Patient-specific computer simulation may predict the development of conduction disturbance following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Validation of the computer simulations with current-generation devices has not been undertaken. Methods A retrospective study was performed on patients who had undergone TAVR with a current-generation self-expanding transcatheter heart valve (THV). Preprocedural computed tomography imaging was used to create finite element models of the aortic root. Procedural contrast angiography was reviewed, and finite element analysis performed using a matching THV device size and implantation depth. A region of interest corresponding to the atrioventricular bundle and proximal left bundle branch was identified. The percentage of this area (contact pressure index [CPI]) and maximum contact pressure (CPMax) exerted by THV were recorded. Postprocedural electrocardiograms were reviewed, and major conduction disturbance was defined as the development of persistent left bundle branch block or high-degree atrioventricular block. Results A total of 80 patients were included in the study. THVs were 23- to 29-mm Evolut PRO (n = 53) and 34-mm Evolut R (n = 27). Major conduction disturbance occurred in 27 patients (33.8%). CPI (28.3 ± 15.8 vs. 15.6 ± 11.2%; p < 0.001) and CPMax (0.51 ± 0.20 vs. 0.36 ± 0.24 MPa; p = 0.008) were higher in patients who developed major conduction disturbance. CPI (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63-0.86; p < 0.001) and CPMax (AUC, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.57-0.81; p = 0.006) demonstrated a discriminatory power to predict the development of major conduction disturbance. Conclusions Patient-specific computer simulation may identify patients at risk for conduction disturbance after TAVR with current-generation self-expanding THVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Dowling
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert Gooley
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Liam McCormick
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hashrul N. Rashid
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James Dargan
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Faisal Khan
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sami Firoozi
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephen J. Brecker
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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19
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Kumar A, Reed GW, Puri R, Krishnaswamy A, Kapadia S. TAVR in the Low Risk Era: One Size Doesn't Fit All. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 72:93-95. [PMID: 35654171 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Kumar
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Grant W Reed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rishi Puri
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Samir Kapadia
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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20
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Kim K, Ko YG, Shim CY, Ryu J, Lee YJ, Seo J, Lee SJ, Cho I, Hong SJ, Ahn CM, Kim JS, Kim BK, Hong GR, Ha JW, Choi D, Hong MK. Impact of New-Onset Persistent Left Bundle Branch Block on Reverse Cardiac Remodeling and Clinical Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:893878. [PMID: 35711373 PMCID: PMC9196075 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.893878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical implication of new-onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remains controversial. We investigated the impact of new-onset persistent LBBB on reverse cardiac remodeling and clinical outcomes after TAVR. Methods Among 478 patients who had undergone TAVR for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis from 2011 to 2021, we analyzed 364 patients after excluding patients with pre-existing intraventricular conduction disturbance or a pacing rhythm before or during the indexed hospitalization for TAVR. Echocardiographic variables of cardiac remodeling at baseline and 1 year after TAVR were comprehensively analyzed. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure. Secondary outcomes were all-cause death and individual components of the primary outcome. Result New-onset persistent LBBB occurred in 41 (11.3%) patients after TAVR. The no LBBB group showed a significant increase in the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and decreases in LV dimensions, the left atrial volume index, and LV mass index 1 year after TAVR (all p < 0.001). However, the new LBBB group showed no significant changes in these parameters. During a median follow-up of 18.1 months, the new LBBB group experienced a higher incidence of primary outcomes [hazard ratio (HR): 5.03; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.60–9.73; p < 0.001] and all-cause death (HR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.38–5.69; p = 0.003). The data were similar after multivariable regression analysis. Conclusion New-onset persistent LBBB after TAVR is associated with insufficient reverse cardiac remodeling and increased adverse clinical events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Guk Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Young-Guk Ko
| | - Chi Young Shim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Chi Young Shim
| | - JiWung Ryu
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Joon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Iksung Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Min Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Keuk Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geu-Ru Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Won Ha
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Myeong-Ki Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Wang J, Liu S, Han X, Chen Y, Chen H, Wan Z, Song B. Prognostic Outcome of New-Onset Left Bundle Branch Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Aortic Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:842929. [PMID: 35463780 PMCID: PMC9024042 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.842929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundLeft bundle branch block (LBBB) is a common complication of the transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), and its impact on prognosis is controversial.MethodsA comprehensive electronic search was conducted in databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and The Web of Science), from the date of database establishment till March 2021, to screen for studies on new-onset LBBB after TAVR. We next performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of new-onset LBBB after TAVR on patient prognosis, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.ResultsA total of 17 studies, including 9205 patients, were eligible for our analysis. Patients with new-onset LBBB had elevated all-cause mortality risk verses patients without new-onset LBBB, during all follow ups. The relevant data are as follows: 30-day (RR:1.71; 95%CI:1.27–2.29; P < 0.001), 1-year (RR:1.31; 95%CI:1.12–1.52; P < 0.001), and 2-year (RR:1.31; 95%CI:1.09–1.56; P = 0.003) follow ups. Likewise, new-onset LBBB patients also experienced increased cardiovascular mortality, compared to non-new-onset LBBB patients, but only in the 1-year follow up (RR:1.49; 95%CI:1.23–1.82; P < 0.001). Hospitalization for heart failure was dramatically elevated in patients with new-onset LBBB verses non-new-onset LBBB, in all follow ups. The relevant data are as follows: 30-day (RR:1.56; 95%CI:1.13–2.12; P = 0.007), 1-year (RR:1.35; 95%CI:1.08–1.68; P = 0.007), and 2-year (RR:1.49; 95%CI:1.21–1.84; P < 0.001). Similarly, new-onset LBBB patients had higher PPI risk than non-new-onset LBBB patients, in all follow ups. The relevant data are as follows: 30-day (RR:3.05; 95%CI:1.49–6.22; P = 0.002), 1-year (RR:2.15; 95%CI:1.52–3.03; P < 0.001), and 2-year (RR:2.52; 95%CI:1.68–3.78; P < 0.001).ConclusionPatients with new-onset LBBB have worse prognosis after TAVR than those without new-onset LBBB. Recognition of the adverse effects of post-TAVR new-onset LBBB can lead to the development of new strategies that enhance clinical outcomes.Systematic Trial Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=197224, identifier: 19722.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shidong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangxiang Han
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zunhui Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Song
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22
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Tomii D, Okuno T, Heg D, Pilgrim T, Windecker S. Long-term outcomes of new-onset conduction abnormalities following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 115:214-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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23
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Boonyakiatwattana W, Maneesai A, Chaithiraphan V, Jakrapanichakul D, Sakiyalak P, Chunhamaneewat N, Slisatkorn W, Chotinaiwattarakul C, Pongakasira R, Wongpraparut N. Preprocedural and procedural variables that predict new-onset conduction disturbances after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:135. [PMID: 35361124 PMCID: PMC8974214 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conduction disturbances are a common complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The aim of this study was to investigate the preprocedural and procedural variables that predict new-onset conduction disturbances post-TAVR (hereafter CD/CDs). Methods Consecutive patients who underwent TAVR during December 2009–March 2021 at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University—Thailand’s largest national tertiary referral center—were enrolled. Patients with prior implantation of a cardiac device, periprocedural death, or unsuccessful procedure were excluded. Clinical and electrocardiographic data, preprocedural imaging, including membranous septum (MS) length, and procedural variables, including implantation depth (ID), were analyzed. CD was defined as new left or right bundle branch block, significant intraventricular conduction disturbance with QRS interval ≥ 120 ms, new high-grade atrioventricular block, or complete heart block. Multivariate binary logistic analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to identify independent predictors and the optimal ∆MSID (difference between the MS length and ID) cutoff value, respectively. Results A total of 124 TAVR patients (mean age: 84.3 ± 6.3 years, 62.1% female) were included. The mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 7.3%, and 85% of patients received a balloon expandable transcatheter heart valve. Thirty-five patients (28.2%) experienced a CD, and one-third of those required pacemaker implantation. The significant preprocedural and procedural factors identified from univariate analysis included intraventricular conduction delay, mitral annular calcification, MS length ≤ 6.43 mm, self-expanding device, small left ventricular cavity, and ID ≥ 6 mm. Multivariate analysis revealed MS length ≤ 6.43 mm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 9.54; 95% CI 2.56–35.47; p = 0.001) and ∆MSID < 0 mm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 10.77; 95% CI 2.86–40.62; p = < 0.001) to be independent predictors of CD. The optimal ∆MSID cutoff value for predicting conduction disturbances was less than 0 mm (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AuROC]: 0.896). Conclusion This study identified MS length ≤ 6.43 mm and ∆MSID < 0 mm as independent predictors of CDs. ∆MSID < 0 was the strongest and only modifiable predictor. Importantly, we expanded the CD criteria to cover all spectrum of TAVR-related conduction injury to lower the threshold of this sole modifiable risk. The optimal ∆MSID cutoff value was < 0 mm. Trial registration: TCTR, TCTR20210818002. Registered 17 August 2021—Retrospectively registered, http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR 20210818002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongsaput Boonyakiatwattana
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Adisak Maneesai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Vithaya Chaithiraphan
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Her Majesty's Cardiac Center, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Decho Jakrapanichakul
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pranya Sakiyalak
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narathip Chunhamaneewat
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Worawong Slisatkorn
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Rungtiwa Pongakasira
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Her Majesty's Cardiac Center, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattawut Wongpraparut
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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24
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Badertscher P, Knecht S, Zeljković I, Sticherling C, de Asmundis C, Conte G, Barra S, Jedrzej K, Kühne M, Boveda S. Management of conduction disorders after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: results of the EHRA survey. Europace 2022; 24:1179-1185. [PMID: 35348646 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conduction disorders such as left bundle branch block (LBBB) are common after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Consensus regarding a reasonable strategy to manage conduction disturbances after TAVI has been elusive. The European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) conducted a survey to capture contemporary clinical practice for conduction disorders after TAVI. A 25-item online questionnaire was developed and distributed among the EHRA electrophysiology (EP) research network centres. Of 117 respondents, 44% were affiliated with university hospitals. A standardized management protocol for advanced conduction disorders such as LBBB or atrioventricular block (AVB) after TAVI was available in 63% of participating centres. Telemetry after TAVI was chosen as the most frequent management strategy for patients with new-onset or pre-existing LBBB (79% and 70%, respectively). Duration of telemetry in patients with new-onset LBBB varied, with a 48-h period being the most frequently chosen, but almost half monitoring continued for at least 72 h. Similarly, in patients undergoing EP study due to new-onset LBBB, the HV interval cut-off point leading to pacemaker implantation was heterogeneous among European centres, although an HV >75 ms threshold was the most common. Conduction system pacing was chosen as a preferred approach by 3.7% of respondents for patients with LBBB and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and by 5.6% for patients with LBBB and reduced LVEF. This survey suggests some heterogenity in the management of conduction disorders after TAVI across European centres. The risk stratification strategies vary substantially. Conduction system pacing in patients with LBBB after TAVI is still underused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Badertscher
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sven Knecht
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Zeljković
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Christian Sticherling
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlo de Asmundis
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio Conte
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Lugano, Switzerland.,Università della Svizzera Italiana Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Sérgio Barra
- Cardiology Department, Hospital da Luz Arrabida, V.N. Gaia, Portugal.,Cardiology Department, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kosiuk Jedrzej
- Department of Rhythmology, Hellos Clinic Köthen, Köthen, Germany
| | - Michael Kühne
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Boveda
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,INSERM Unit 970, Paris, France.,Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, 45 Avenue de Lombez, 31076 Toulouse, France
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25
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Zhang J, Chi C, Tian S, Zhang S, Liu J. Predictors of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in Patients After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in a Chinese Population. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:743257. [PMID: 35071339 PMCID: PMC8770941 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.743257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation is the main complication of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Few studies have evaluated the requirement for PPM implantation due to ECG changes following TAVR in a Chinese population. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the incidence and predictors of PPM implantation in a cohort of Chinese patients with TAVR. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 39 consecutive patients with severe native aortic stenosis referred for TAVR with a self-expandable prosthesis, the Venus A valve (Venus MedTech Inc., Hangzhou, China), from 2019 to 2021 at the Heart Center of Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University. Predictors of PPM implantation were identified using logistic regression. Results: In our study, the incidence of PPM implantation was 20.5%. PPM implantation occurs with higher risk in patients with negative creatinine clearance (CrCl), dyslipidemia, high Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Morbimortality scores, and lead I T wave elevation. TAVR induced several cardiac electrical changes such as increased R wave and T wave changes in lead V5. The main independent predictors of PPM implantation were new-onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) (coef: 3.211, 95% CI: 0.899–7.467, p = 0.004) and lead I T wave elevation (coef: 11.081, 95% CI: 1.632–28.083, p = 0.016). Conclusion: New-onset LBBB and lead I T wave elevation were the main independent predictors of PPM implantation in patients undergoing TAVR. Clinical indications such as negative CrCl, dyslipidemia, high STS Morbimortality scores, and an increased T wave elevation before TAVR should be treated with caution to decrease the need for subsequent PPM implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Graduate Studies, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Heart Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengwei Chi
- Heart Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Simiao Tian
- Department of Scientific Research, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Shulong Zhang
- Heart Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
- Shulong Zhang
| | - Jihong Liu
- Heart Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Jihong Liu
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26
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Santos-Martinez S, Halim J, Castro-Mejía A, De Marco F, Trani C, Martin P, Infusino F, Ancona M, Moreno R, den Heijer P, Nombela-Franco L, Bedogni F, Sardella G, Montorfano M, Revilla-Orodea A, Delgado-Arana JR, Barrero A, Gómez-Salvador I, IJsselmuiden AJJ, Redondo A, Gutiérrez H, Serrador A, Serruys PW, Román JAS, Amat-Santos IJ. Myval versus alternative balloon- and self-expandable transcatheter heart valves: A central core lab analysis of conduction disturbances. Int J Cardiol 2022; 351:25-31. [PMID: 34979152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have compared surface electrocardiographic changes following different self-expandable (SE) (Evolut (Medtronic, USA); Acurate (Boston Scientific, USA); Portico (Abbott, USA); and Allegra (NVT, Germany)) and balloon-expandable (BE) Sapien-3 (Edwards Lifesciences, USA) transcatheter heart valves. We aimed to compare these prosthesis with the novel Myval BE prosthesis (Meril Life, India). METHODS Academic European registry of consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis who received any of the 6 aforementioned valves. Baseline, post-procedural, and discharge 12‑leads electrocardiograms (ECG) were centrally analyzed and compared. RESULTS A total of 1131 patients were included: 135 Myval (11.9%), 290 Sapien-3 (25.6%), 298 Evolut (26.3%), 180 Acurate (15.9%), 125 Portico (11.1%), and 103 Allegra (9.1%). There were no baseline differences in intraventricular conduction disturbances rate. Compared to the novel BE Myval, there were similar procedural and in-hospital outcomes. Similar rates of early new permanent pacemaker implant (PPI) were observed amongst Myval (7.4%), Sapien-3 (13.4%), and Acurate (9.1%), but Evolut, Portico, and Allegra presented significantly higher rates (18.5%, p = 0.003; 29.5% p < 0.001 and 22%, p = 0.001, respectively). Central analysis of ECGs, unraveled significant prolongation of the PR segment with Evolut, Portico and Allegra whereas Evolut, Acurate, and Portico showed significant QRS widening compared to Myval. However, at discharge no differences in PR segment duration were observed while, Evolut, and Portico- but not Acurate, Allegra or Sapien-3 - still presented significant widening of QRS segment compared to Myval. CONCLUSIONS After blinded central ECG analysis, the novel Myval balloon-expandable prosthesis was associated with a low rate of early conduction disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carlo Trani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Pedro Martin
- Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrin, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfredo Redondo
- CIBERCV, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Serrador
- CIBERCV, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Spain
| | - Patrick W Serruys
- Department of Cardiology, National University of Ireland, Galway and CORRIB Corelab and Center for Research and Imaging, Galway, Ireland
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Guo Y, Zhou D, Dang M, He Y, Zhang S, Fang J, Wu S, Huang Q, Chen L, Yuan Y, Fan J, Jilaihawi H, Liu X, Wang J. The Predictors of Conduction Disturbances Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve: A Multicenter Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:757190. [PMID: 34912864 PMCID: PMC8667767 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.757190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the predictors of new-onset conduction disturbances in bicuspid aortic valve patients using self-expanding valve and identify modifiable technical factors. Background: New-onset conduction disturbances (NOCDs), including complete left bundle branch block and high-grade atrioventricular block, remain the most common complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods: A total of 209 consecutive bicuspid patients who underwent self-expanding TAVR in 5 centers in China were enrolled from February 2016 to September 2020. The optimal cut-offs in this study were generated from receiver operator characteristic curve analyses. The infra-annular and coronal membranous septum (MS) length was measured in preoperative computed tomography. MSID was calculated by subtracting implantation depth measure on postoperative computed tomography from infra-annular MS or coronal MS length. Results: Forty-two (20.1%) patients developed complete left bundle branch block and 21 (10.0%) patients developed high-grade atrioventricular block after TAVR, while 61 (29.2%) patients developed NOCDs. Coronal MS <4.9 mm (OR: 3.08, 95% CI: 1.63-5.82, p = 0.001) or infra-annular MS <3.7 mm (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.04-4.56, p = 0.038) and left ventricular outflow tract perimeter <66.8 mm (OR: 4.95 95% CI: 1.59-15.45, p = 0.006) were powerful predictors of NOCDs. The multivariate model including age >73 years (OR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.17-4.36, p = 0.015), Δcoronal MSID <1.8 mm (OR: 7.87, 95% CI: 2.84-21.77, p < 0.001) and prosthesis oversizing ratio on left ventricular outflow tract >3.2% (OR: 3.42, 95% CI: 1.74-6.72, p < 0.001) showed best predictive value of NOCDs, with c-statistic = 0.768 (95% CI: 0.699-0.837, p < 0.001). The incidence of NOCDs was much lower (7.5 vs. 55.2%, p < 0.001) in patients without Δcoronal MSID <1.8 mm and prosthesis oversizing ratio on left ventricular outflow tract >3.2% compared with patients who had these two risk factors. Conclusion: The risk of NOCDs in bicuspid aortic stenosis patients could be evaluated based on MS length and prosthesis oversizing ratio. Implantation depth guided by MS length and reducing the oversizing ratio might be a feasible strategy for heavily calcified bicuspid patients with short MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Dang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxing He
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital (The Seventh People' Hospital of Zheng Zhou), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shili Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lianglong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiqiang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hasan Jilaihawi
- Heart Valve Center, NYU Langone Health, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Xianbao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Rück A, Saleh N, Glaser N. Outcomes Following Permanent Pacemaker Implantation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: SWEDEHEART Observational Study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 14:2173-2181. [PMID: 34620397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2021.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was performed to investigate long-term, clinically important outcomes in patients who underwent permanent pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). BACKGROUND The impact of permanent pacemaker implantation after TAVR is unknown, and prior studies have produced conflicting results. METHODS In this nationwide, population-based cohort study, the study included all patients who underwent transfemoral TAVR in Sweden from 2008 to 2018 from the SWEDEHEART (Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) register. Additional baseline characteristics and information about outcomes were obtained by individual crosslinking with other national health data registers. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Of 3,420 patients, 481 (14.1%) underwent permanent pacemaker implantation within 30 days after TAVR. The survival rate at 1, 5, and 10 years was 90.0%, 52.7%, and 10.9% in the pacemaker group and 92.7%, 53.8%, and 15.3% in the nonpacemaker group, respectively (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.88-1.22; P = 0.692). The median follow-up was 2.7 years (interquartile range: 2.5, and maximum 11.8 years). There was no difference in the risk of cardiovascular death (HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.71-1.18; P = 0.611), heart failure (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.92-1.63; P = 0.157), or endocarditis (HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.47-1.69; P = 0.734) between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The study found no difference in long-term survival between patients who did and did not undergo permanent pacemaker implantation after TAVR. As the use of TAVR expands to include younger and low-risk patients with a long life expectancy, it will become increasingly important to understand the impact of permanent pacemaker implantation after TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rück
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nawzad Saleh
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Glaser
- Department of Cardiology, Stockholm South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Aymond JD, Benn F, Williams CM, Bernard ML, Hiltbold AE, Khatib S, Polin GM, Rogers PA, Tafur Soto JD, Ramee SR, Parrino PE, Falterman JB, Al-Khatib SM, Morin DP. Epidemiology, evaluation, and management of conduction disturbances after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 66:37-45. [PMID: 34332660 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aortic stenosis is the most common valvulopathy requiring replacement by means of the surgical or transcatheter approach. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has quickly become a viable and often preferred treatment strategy compared to surgical aortic valve replacement. However, transcatheter heart valve system deployment not infrequently injures the specialized electrical system of the heart, leading to new conduction disorders including high-grade atrioventricular block and complete heart block (CHB) necessitating permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI), which may lead to deleterious effects on cardiac function and patient outcomes. Additional conduction disturbances (e.g., new-onset persistent left bundle branch block, PR/QRS prolongation, and transient CHB) currently lack clearly defined management algorithms leading to variable strategies among institutions. This article outlines the current understanding of the pathophysiology, patient and procedural risk factors, means for further risk stratification and monitoring of patients without a clear indication for PPI, our institutional approach, and future directions in the management and evaluation of post-TAVR conduction disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Aymond
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Francis Benn
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Cody M Williams
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | | | - A Elise Hiltbold
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Sammy Khatib
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Glenn M Polin
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Paul A Rogers
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | | | - Stephen R Ramee
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - P Eugene Parrino
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | | | - Sana M Al-Khatib
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Daniel P Morin
- Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.
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Sammour Y, Krishnaswamy A, Kumar A, Puri R, Tarakji KG, Bazarbashi N, Harb S, Griffin B, Svensson L, Wazni O, Kapadia SR. Incidence, Predictors, and Implications of Permanent Pacemaker Requirement After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 14:115-134. [PMID: 33478630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a safe and feasible alternative to surgery in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis regardless of the surgical risk. Conduction abnormalities requiring permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation remain a common finding after TAVR due to the close proximity of the atrioventricular conduction system to the aortic root. High-grade atrioventricular block and new onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) are the most commonly reported conduction abnormalities after TAVR. The overall rate of PPM implantation after TAVR varies and is related to pre-procedural and intraprocedural factors. The available literature regarding the impact of conduction abnormalities and PPM requirement on morbidity and mortality is still conflicting. Pre-procedural conduction abnormalities such as right bundle branch block and LBBB have been linked with increased PPM implantation and mortality after TAVR. When screening patients for TAVR, heart teams should be aware of various anatomical and pathophysiological conditions that make patients more susceptible to increased risk of conduction abnormalities and PPM requirement after the procedure. This is particularly important as TAVR has been recently approved for patients with low surgical risk. The purpose of this review is to discuss the incidence, predictors, impact, and management of the various conduction abnormalities requiring PPM implantation in patients undergoing TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Sammour
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Amar Krishnaswamy
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Arnav Kumar
- Andreas Gruentzig Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rishi Puri
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Khaldoun G Tarakji
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Najdat Bazarbashi
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Serge Harb
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian Griffin
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lars Svensson
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Oussama Wazni
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Samir R Kapadia
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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Ciardetti N, Ciatti F, Nardi G, Di Muro FM, Demola P, Sottili E, Stolcova M, Ristalli F, Mattesini A, Meucci F, Di Mario C. Advancements in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Focused Update. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:711. [PMID: 34356992 PMCID: PMC8306774 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57070711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become the leading technique for aortic valve replacement in symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis with conventional surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) now limited to patients younger than 65-75 years due to a combination of unsuitable anatomies (calcified raphae in bicuspid valves, coexistent aneurysm of the ascending aorta) and concerns on the absence of long-term data on TAVI durability. This incredible rise is linked to technological evolutions combined with increased operator experience, which led to procedural refinements and, accordingly, to better outcomes. The article describes the main and newest technical improvements, allowing an extension of the indications (valve-in-valve procedures, intravascular lithotripsy for severely calcified iliac vessels), and a reduction of complications (stroke, pacemaker implantation, aortic regurgitation).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlo Di Mario
- Structural Interventional Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Clinica Medica, Room 124, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50139 Florence, Italy; (N.C.); (F.C.); (G.N.); (F.M.D.M.); (P.D.); (E.S.); (M.S.); (F.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.)
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32
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Occurrence and Persistency of Conduction Disturbances during Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57070695. [PMID: 34356976 PMCID: PMC8303948 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57070695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Conduction disturbances such as left bundle branch block (LBBB) and complete atrio-ventricular block (cAVB) are relatively frequent complications following trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We investigated the dynamics of these conduction blocks to further understand luxating factors and predictors for their persistency. Materials and Methods: We prospectively included 157 consecutive patients who underwent a TAVI procedure. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) were obtained at specific time points during the TAVI procedure and at follow-up until at least six months post-procedure. Results: Of the 106 patients with a narrow QRS complex (nQRS) before TAVI, ~70% developed LBBB; 28 (26.4%) being classified as super-transient (ST-LBBB), 20 (18.9%) as transient (T-LBBB) and 24 (22.6%) as persistent (P-LBBB). Risk of LBBB was higher for self-expandable (SE) than for balloon-expandable (BE) prostheses and increased with larger implant depth. During the TAVI procedure conduction disturbances showed a dynamic behavior, as illustrated by alternating kinds of blocks in 18 cases. Most LBBBs developed during balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) and at positioning and deployment of the TAVI prosthesis. The incidence of LBBB was not significantly different between patients who did and did not undergo BAV prior to TAVI implantation (65.3% and 74.2%, respectively (p = 0.494)). Progression to cAVB was most frequent for patients with preexisting conduction abnormalities (5/34) patients) and in patients showing ST-LBBB (6/28). Conclusions: During the TAVI procedure, conduction disturbances showed a dynamic behavior with alternating types of block in 18 cases. After a dynamic period of often alternating types of block, most BBBs are reversible while one third persist. Patients with ST-LBBB are most prone to progressing into cAVB. The observation that the incidence of developing LBBB after TAVI is similar with and without BAV suggests that a subgroup of patients has a substrate to develop LBBB regardless of the procedure.
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Impact of Bundle Branch Block on Permanent Pacemaker Implantation after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10122719. [PMID: 34205478 PMCID: PMC8235153 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Data regarding the impact of infra-Hisian conduction disturbances leading to permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remain limited. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of right and/or left bundle branch block (RBBB/LBBB) on post-TAVI PPI. We performed a systematic literature review to identify studies reporting on RBBB and/or LBBB status and post-TAVI PPI. Study design, patient characteristics, and the presence of branch block were analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI were extracted. The final analysis included 36 studies, reporting about 55,851 patients. Data on LBBB were extracted from 33 studies. Among 51,026 patients included, 5503 showed pre-implant LBBB (11.9% (10.4%–13.8%)). The influence of LBBB on post-TAVI PPI was not significant OR 1.1474 (0.9025; 1.4588), p = 0.2618. Data on RBBB were extracted from 28 studies. Among 46,663 patients included, 31,603 showed pre-implant RBBB (9.2% (7.3%–11.6%)). The influence of RBBB on post-TAVI PPI was significant OR 4.8581 (4.1571; 5.6775), p < 0.0001. From this meta-analysis, the presence of RBBB increased the risk for post-TAVI PPI, independent of age or LVEF, while this finding was not confirmed for patients experimenting with LBBB. This result emphasizes the need for pre-operative evaluation strategies in patient selection for TAVI.
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Poels TT, Stassen R, Kats S, Veenstra L, van Ommen V, Kietselaer B, Houthuizen P, Maessen JG, Prinzen FW. Effective Distance between Aortic Valve and Conduction System Is an Independent Predictor of Persistent Left Bundle Branch Block during Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57050476. [PMID: 34064932 PMCID: PMC8150689 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57050476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Persistent left bundle branch block (P-LBBB) has been associated with poor clinical outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedures. We hypothesized that the distance from the aortic valve to the proximal conduction system, expressed as the effective distance between the aortic valve and conduction system (EDACS), can predict the occurrence of P-LBBB in patients undergoing a TAVI procedure. Materials and methods: In a retrospective study, data from 269 patients were analyzed. EDACS was determined using two longitudinal CT sections. Results: Sixty-four of the patients developed P-LBBB. EDACS ranged between −3 and +18 mm. EDACS was significantly smaller in P-LBBB than in non-P-LBBB patients (4.6 (2.2–7.1) vs. 8.0 (5.8–10.2) mm, median values (interquartile range); p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.78 for predicting P-LBBB based on EDACS. In patients with EDACS of ≤3 mm and >10 mm, the chance of developing P-LBBB was ≥50% and <10%, respectively. Conclusions: A small EDACS increases the risk for the development of P-LBBB during TAVI by a factor of >25. As EDACS can be measured pre-procedurally, it may be a valuable additional factor to weigh the risks of transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas T. Poels
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.S.); (S.K.); (J.G.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Robert Stassen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.S.); (S.K.); (J.G.M.)
| | - Suzanne Kats
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.S.); (S.K.); (J.G.M.)
| | - Leo Veenstra
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (L.V.); (V.v.O.); (B.K.)
| | - Vincent van Ommen
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (L.V.); (V.v.O.); (B.K.)
| | - Bastiaan Kietselaer
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (L.V.); (V.v.O.); (B.K.)
| | - Patrick Houthuizen
- Department of Cardiology, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, P.O. Box 1350, 5623EJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Jos G. Maessen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.S.); (S.K.); (J.G.M.)
| | - Frits W. Prinzen
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, P.O. Box 616, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
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Généreux P, Piazza N, Alu MC, Nazif T, Hahn RT, Pibarot P, Bax JJ, Leipsic JA, Blanke P, Blackstone EH, Finn MT, Kapadia S, Linke A, Mack MJ, Makkar R, Mehran R, Popma JJ, Reardon M, Rodes-Cabau J, Van Mieghem NM, Webb JG, Cohen DJ, Leon MB. Valve Academic Research Consortium 3: updated endpoint definitions for aortic valve clinical research. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:1825-1857. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
The Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC), founded in 2010, was intended to (i) identify appropriate clinical endpoints and (ii) standardize definitions of these endpoints for transcatheter and surgical aortic valve clinical trials. Rapid evolution of the field, including the emergence of new complications, expanding clinical indications, and novel therapy strategies have mandated further refinement and expansion of these definitions to ensure clinical relevance. This document provides an update of the most appropriate clinical endpoint definitions to be used in the conduct of transcatheter and surgical aortic valve clinical research.
Methods and results
Several years after the publication of the VARC-2 manuscript, an in-person meeting was held involving over 50 independent clinical experts representing several professional societies, academic research organizations, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and industry representatives to (i) evaluate utilization of VARC endpoint definitions in clinical research, (ii) discuss the scope of this focused update, and (iii) review and revise specific clinical endpoint definitions. A writing committee of independent experts was convened and subsequently met to further address outstanding issues. There were ongoing discussions with FDA and many experts to develop a new classification schema for bioprosthetic valve dysfunction and failure. Overall, this multi-disciplinary process has resulted in important recommendations for data reporting, clinical research methods, and updated endpoint definitions. New definitions or modifications of existing definitions are being proposed for repeat hospitalizations, access site-related complications, bleeding events, conduction disturbances, cardiac structural complications, and bioprosthetic valve dysfunction and failure (including valve leaflet thickening and thrombosis). A more granular 5-class grading scheme for paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) is being proposed to help refine the assessment of PVR. Finally, more specific recommendations on quality-of-life assessments have been included, which have been targeted to specific clinical study designs.
Conclusions
Acknowledging the dynamic and evolving nature of less-invasive aortic valve therapies, further refinements of clinical research processes are required. The adoption of these updated and newly proposed VARC-3 endpoints and definitions will ensure homogenous event reporting, accurate adjudication, and appropriate comparisons of clinical research studies involving devices and new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philippe Généreux
- Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA
| | - Nicolo Piazza
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maria C Alu
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tamim Nazif
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca T Hahn
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philippe Pibarot
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathon A Leipsic
- Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Philipp Blanke
- Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eugene H Blackstone
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Matthew T Finn
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samir Kapadia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Michael J Mack
- Baylor Scott & White Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, TX, USA
| | - Raj Makkar
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roxana Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - John G Webb
- Department of Cardiology, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David J Cohen
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Martin B Leon
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA
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Généreux P, Piazza N, Alu MC, Nazif T, Hahn RT, Pibarot P, Bax JJ, Leipsic JA, Blanke P, Blackstone EH, Finn MT, Kapadia S, Linke A, Mack MJ, Makkar R, Mehran R, Popma JJ, Reardon M, Rodes-Cabau J, Van Mieghem NM, Webb JG, Cohen DJ, Leon MB. Valve Academic Research Consortium 3: Updated Endpoint Definitions for Aortic Valve Clinical Research. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:2717-2746. [PMID: 33888385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC), founded in 2010, was intended to (i) identify appropriate clinical endpoints and (ii) standardize definitions of these endpoints for transcatheter and surgical aortic valve clinical trials. Rapid evolution of the field, including the emergence of new complications, expanding clinical indications, and novel therapy strategies have mandated further refinement and expansion of these definitions to ensure clinical relevance. This document provides an update of the most appropriate clinical endpoint definitions to be used in the conduct of transcatheter and surgical aortic valve clinical research. METHODS AND RESULTS Several years after the publication of the VARC-2 manuscript, an in-person meeting was held involving over 50 independent clinical experts representing several professional societies, academic research organizations, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and industry representatives to (i) evaluate utilization of VARC endpoint definitions in clinical research, (ii) discuss the scope of this focused update, and (iii) review and revise specific clinical endpoint definitions. A writing committee of independent experts was convened and subsequently met to further address outstanding issues. There were ongoing discussions with FDA and many experts to develop a new classification schema for bioprosthetic valve dysfunction and failure. Overall, this multi-disciplinary process has resulted in important recommendations for data reporting, clinical research methods, and updated endpoint definitions. New definitions or modifications of existing definitions are being proposed for repeat hospitalizations, access site-related complications, bleeding events, conduction disturbances, cardiac structural complications, and bioprosthetic valve dysfunction and failure (including valve leaflet thickening and thrombosis). A more granular 5-class grading scheme for paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) is being proposed to help refine the assessment of PVR. Finally, more specific recommendations on quality-of-life assessments have been included, which have been targeted to specific clinical study designs. CONCLUSIONS Acknowledging the dynamic and evolving nature of less-invasive aortic valve therapies, further refinements of clinical research processes are required. The adoption of these updated and newly proposed VARC-3 endpoints and definitions will ensure homogenous event reporting, accurate adjudication, and appropriate comparisons of clinical research studies involving devices and new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philippe Généreux
- Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nicolo Piazza
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria C Alu
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tamim Nazif
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca T Hahn
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Philippe Pibarot
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathon A Leipsic
- Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Philipp Blanke
- Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eugene H Blackstone
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew T Finn
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samir Kapadia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Michael J Mack
- Baylor Scott & White Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA
| | - Raj Makkar
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Roxana Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Popma
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Reardon
- Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Josep Rodes-Cabau
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - John G Webb
- Department of Cardiology, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David J Cohen
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Martin B Leon
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA.
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Sandhu A, Tzou WS. A Disruptive Technology: Determining Need for Permanent Pacing After TAVR. Curr Cardiol Rep 2021; 23:53. [PMID: 33871728 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has changed the paradigm for management of severe aortic stenosis. Despite evolution of TAVR over the past 2 decades, conduction system disturbances remain a concern post-TAVR. In this review, we describe (1) permanent pacemaker (PP) implant rates associated with TAVR, (2) risk factors predicting need for PP therapy post-TAVR, (3) management of perioperative conduction abnormalities, and (4) novel areas of research. RECENT FINDINGS Conduction disturbances remain a common issue post-TAVR, in particular, left bundle branch block (LBBB). Though newer data describes resolution of a significant fraction of these disturbances over time, rates of pacemaker therapy remain high despite improvements in valve technology and procedural technique. Recent consensus statements and guideline documents are important first steps in standardizing an approach to post-TAVR conduction disturbances. New areas of research show promise in both prediction and treatment of conduction disturbances post-TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amneet Sandhu
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Wendy S Tzou
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Contorni F, Fineschi M, Iadanza A, Santoro A, Mandoli GE, Cameli M. How to deal with low-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis and reduced left ventricle ejection fraction: from literature review to tips for clinical practice. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:697-709. [PMID: 33683509 PMCID: PMC8898219 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Low-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis (LFLG AS) with reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) is still a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The aim of this paper is to review the latest evidences about the assessment of the valvular disease, usually difficult because of the low-flow status, and the therapeutic options. Special emphasis is given to the available diagnostic tools for the characterization of LFLG AS without functional reserve at stress echocardiography and to the factors that clinicians should evaluate to choose between surgical aortic valve repair, transcatheter aortic valve implantation, or medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Contorni
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - M Fineschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A Iadanza
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A Santoro
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - G E Mandoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Cameli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Tanaka T, Yahagi K, Asami M, Ninomiya K, Kikushima H, Okuno T, Horiuchi Y, Yuzawa H, Komiyama K, Tanaka J, Yokozuka M, Miura S, Aoki J, Tanabe K. Prognostic impact of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. J Cardiol 2021; 77:346-352. [PMID: 33455846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) develops with both structural and electrical remodeling in response to elevated afterload due to aortic stenosis (AS). This study evaluated the prognostic value of electrocardiographic LVH (ECG LVH) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). METHODS A retrospective study including 157 consecutive patients who underwent TAVR was conducted. ECG LVH was defined as Sokolow-Lyon voltage (S in V1 + R in V5/6) before TAVR was ≥3.5mV. We investigated the association between ECG LVH and the 1-year composite outcome comprising all-cause death and rehospitalization related to heart failure. ECG and echocardiographic measurements at 1, 6, and 12 months after TAVR were assessed. RESULTS The baseline characteristics were comparable between the ECG LVH (n = 74) and non-ECG LVH groups (n = 83). The ECG LVH was associated with a significantly greater reduction of Sokolow-Lyon voltage and LV mass index than the non-ECG LVH after TAVR. The absence of ECG LVH was an independent predictor of the 1-year composite outcome [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 2.27; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01 - 5.60; p = 0.04]. Furthermore, a reduction of Sokolow-Lyon voltage from baseline to 1-month follow-up, but not a reduction of LV mass index, was associated with a lower cumulative composite outcome from 1 month to 1 year (adjusted HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.15 - 0.86; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS ECG LVH was associated with a low incidence of adverse clinical outcomes and greater reverse LV remodeling after TAVR. Preprocedural and serial LVH assessment by ECG might be useful in AS patients undergoing TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Tanaka
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Yahagi
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Asami
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Kai Ninomiya
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Hosei Kikushima
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Taishi Okuno
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Yu Horiuchi
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yuzawa
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Kota Komiyama
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Jun Tanaka
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Motoi Yokozuka
- Division of Anesthesia, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumio Miura
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Aoki
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
| | - Kengo Tanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Kanda-Izumicho 1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan
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Kalsi MS, Dayawansa N, Mutha V. Cardiac resynchronisation therapy for reversal of new-onset left bundle branch block and heart failure after surgical aortic valve replacement. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/12/e238130. [PMID: 33303504 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-238130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is not an uncommon complication following both surgical aortic valve replacement and transcatheter aortic valve implantation. LBBB can cause interventricular and intraventricular dyssynchrony that can lead to development of heart failure as demonstrated by a decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). It is known that change in QRS duration has significant correlation with change in LVEF. In a study involving 202 consecutive patients with no baseline ventricular conduction disturbances or previous permanent pacemaker implantation who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a balloon-expandable valve, it was found that around 30% of patients develop new LBBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh Kalsi
- Department of Cardiology, The Northern Health, Epping, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nalin Dayawansa
- Department of Cardiology, The Northern Health, Epping, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vivek Mutha
- Department of Cardiology, The Northern Health, Epping, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Povlsen JA, Rasmussen VG, Vase H, Jensen KT, Terkelsen CJ, Christiansen EH, Tang M, Pedersen ALD, Poulsen SH. Distribution and prognostic value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain in elderly patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:506. [PMID: 33267772 PMCID: PMC7709407 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of present study was to examine the preoperative prevalence and distribution of impaired left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) in elderly patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcutaneous aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and to determine the predictive value of LVGLS on survival. Methods We included 411 patients with symptomatic severe AS treated with TAVR during a 5-year period, where a baseline echocardiography including LVGLS assessment was available. Results Mean age was 80.1 ± 7.1 years and aortic valve area (AVA) index 0.4 ± 0.1 cm2. 78 patients died during a median follow-up of 762 days. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 50 ± 13% and mean LVGLS was − 14.0%. LVEF was preserved in 60% of patients, while impaired LVGLS > − 18% was seen in 75% of the patients. Previous myocardial infarction, LVEF < 50%, LVGLS > − 14%, low gradient AS (< 4.0 m/s), tricuspid regurgitant gradient > 30 mmHg were identified as significant univariate predictors of all-cause mortality. On multivariate analysis LVGLS > − 14% (HR 1.79 [1.02–3.14], p = 0.04) was identified as the only independent variable associated with all-cause mortality. Reduced survival was observed with an impaired LVGLS > − 14% in the total population (p < 0.002) but also in patients with high AS gradient with preserved LVEF. LVGLS provided incremental prognostic value with respect to clinical characteristics, AVA and LVEF (χ2 19.9, p = 0.006). Conclusions In patients with symptomatic AS undergoing TAVR, impaired LVGLS was highly prevalent despite preserved LVEF. LVGLS > − 14% was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, and survival was reduced if LVGLS > − 14%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Agerlund Povlsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Vibeke Guldbrand Rasmussen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vase
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kaare Troels Jensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Christian Juhl Terkelsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Evald Høj Christiansen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mariann Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Kawsara A, Sulaiman S, Alqahtani F, Eleid MF, Deshmukh AJ, Cha YM, Rihal CS, Alkhouli M. Temporal Trends in the Incidence and Outcomes of Pacemaker Implantation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in the United States (2012-2017). J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016685. [PMID: 32862774 PMCID: PMC7726966 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Nationwide studies documenting temporal trends in permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMI) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are limited. Methods and Results We selected patients who underwent TAVR between 2012 and 2017 in the National Readmission Database. The primary end point was the 6‐year trend in post‐TAVR PPMI at index hospitalization and at 30, 90, and 180 days after discharge. The secondary end point was the association between PPMI and in‐hospital mortality, stroke, cost, length of stay, and disposition. Among the 89 202 patients who underwent TAVR, 77 405 (86.8%) with no prior pacemaker or defibrillator were included. Patients who required PPMI had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (43.6% versus 38.7%, P<0.001) and conduction abnormalities (28.4% versus 15.3%, P<0.001). The incidence of PPMI during index admission increased from 8.7% in 2012 to 13.2% in 2015, and then decreased to 9.6% in 2017. The incidence of inpatient PPMI within 30 days after discharge increased from 0.5% in 2012 to 1.25% in 2017 (Ptrend<0.001). Inpatient PPMI beyond 30 days remained rare (<0.5%) during the study period. After risk adjustment, PPMI was not associated with in‐hospital mortality or stroke but was associated with increased nonhome discharge, longer hospitalization, and higher cost. The incremental expenditure associated with post‐TAVR PPMI during index admission increased from $9.6 million to $72.2 million between 2012 and 2017. Conclusions After an upward trend, rates of PPMI after TAVR in the United States stabilized at ~10% in 2016 to 2017, but there was a notable increase in PPMI within 30 days after the index admission. PPMI was not associated with increased in‐hospital morbidity or mortality but led to longer hospitalization, higher cost, and more nonhome discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Kawsara
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine West Virginia University Morgantown WV
| | - Samian Sulaiman
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine West Virginia University Morgantown WV
| | - Fahad Alqahtani
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington KY
| | - Mackram F Eleid
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Rochester MN
| | - Abhishek J Deshmukh
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Rochester MN
| | - Yong-Mei Cha
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Rochester MN
| | - Charanjit S Rihal
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Rochester MN
| | - Mohamad Alkhouli
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Rochester MN
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Auffret V, Puri R, Leurent G, Le Breton H. Conduction disturbances following trancatheter aortic valve implantation: increasing the 'pace' towards prospective evidence. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:2782-2784. [PMID: 31960036 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Auffret
- Université de Rennes 1, Service de Cardiologie CHU Rennes, INSERM LTSI U1099, Rennes, France
| | - Rishi Puri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cleveland Clinic Coordinating Center for Clinical Research (C5Research), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guillaume Leurent
- Université de Rennes 1, Service de Cardiologie CHU Rennes, INSERM LTSI U1099, Rennes, France
| | - Hervé Le Breton
- Université de Rennes 1, Service de Cardiologie CHU Rennes, INSERM LTSI U1099, Rennes, France
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Lin SI, Miura M, Tagliari AP, Lee YH, Shirai S, Puri R, Maisano F, Taramasso M. Intraventricular Conduction Disturbances After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:e11. [PMID: 32905123 PMCID: PMC7463330 DOI: 10.15420/icr.2020.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant improvements in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) outcomes, periprocedural conduction disturbances, such as new-onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) and new pacemaker implantation (PMI), remain relatively frequent concerns. The development of periprocedural conduction disturbances can be explained by the proximity between the aortic valve and the conduction system. Although prior studies reported heterogeneity in PMI rates after TAVI, current evidence supports the potentially deleterious consequence of LBBB and PMI, and several predisposing factors have been reported. Therefore, new strategies to avoid conduction disturbances and to improve their management are required, particularly with the current trend to expand TAVI to a low-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-I Lin
- Cardiovascular Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mizuki Miura
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Paula Tagliari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ying-Hsian Lee
- Cardiovascular Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shinichi Shirai
- Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rishi Puri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH, US
| | - Francesco Maisano
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Taramasso
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
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45
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Editorial: TAVR: Can't You Just Feel the Rhythm? CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2020; 21:479-480. [PMID: 32563525 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kron J, Padala SK. AV Block Post-TAVR. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2020; 6:658-660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hayashidani S, Shiose A, Tsutsui H. New-Onset Left Bundle Branch Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation - Not a Harmless Bystander. Circ J 2020; 84:888-890. [PMID: 32389906 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Hayashidani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Akira Shiose
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
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Meta-Analysis of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low Surgical Risk Patients. Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:1230-1238. [PMID: 32089249 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Current guidelines recommend transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for patients with severe aortic stenosis at elevated surgical risk, but not for patients at low surgical risk. Our objective is to compare major clinical outcomes and procedural complications with TAVI versus surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis at low surgical risk. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, identified through a systematic search of the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Count data were pooled across trials using random-effects models with inverse variance weighting to obtain relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Three randomized controlled trials (n = 2,629) were included. At 30 days, TAVI was associated with a substantial reduction in all-cause mortality (RR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.20 to 0.99), atrial fibrillation (RR: 0.27, 95%CI: 0.17 to 0.41), life threatening/disabling bleeding (RR: 0.29, 95%CI: 0.12 to 0.69), and acute kidney injury (RR: 0.28, 95%CI: 0.14 to 0.57). The reduction in atrial fibrillation persisted at 12 months (RR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.21 to 0.49). However, TAVI patients had an increased risk of permanent pacemaker implantation at both 30 days (RR: 3.13, 95%CI: 1.36 to 7.21) and 12 months (RR: 2.99, 95%CI: 1.19 to 7.51). Due to the low absolute numbers of events, results were inconclusive at 30 days and 12 months for cardiovascular mortality, stroke, transient ischemic attack, and myocardial infarction. In conclusion, while some outcomes remained inconclusive, these data suggest that TAVI should be considered as a first-line therapy for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis in low surgical risk patients.
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Zaid S, Sengupta A, Okoli K, Tsoi M, Khan A, Ahmad H, Goldberg JB, Undemir C, Rozenshtein A, Patel N, Khan M, Gupta E, Kovacic J, Lansman SL, Dangas GD, Sharma SK, Kini A, Tang GH. Novel Anatomic Predictors of New Persistent Left Bundle Branch Block After Evolut Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:1222-1229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Megaly M, Abraham B, Abdelsalam M, Saad M, Omer M, Elbadawi A, Mentias A, Narayanan MA, Gafoor S, Brilakis ES, Goessl M, Cavalcante JL, Garcia S, Kapadia S, Pershad A, Sorajja P, Sengupta J. Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With New-Onset Persistent Left Bundle Branch Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2020; 21:1299-1304. [PMID: 33246556 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of new-onset persistent left bundle branch block (LBBB) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) on all-cause mortality has been controversial. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eleven studies (7398 patients) comparing the short- and long- outcomes in patients who had new-onset LBBB after TAVR vs. those who did not. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 20.5±14months, patients who had new-onset persistent LBBB after TAVR had a higher incidence of all-cause mortality (29.7% vs. 23.6%; OR 1.28 (1.04-1.58), p=0.02), rehospitalization for heart failure (HF) (19.5% vs. 17.3%; OR 1.4 (1.13-1.73), p=0.002), and permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMi) (19.7% vs. 7.1%; OR 2.4 (1.64-3.52), p<0.001) compared with those who did not. Five studies (4180 patients) reported adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause mortality; new LBBB remained associated with a higher risk of mortality (adjusted HR 1.43 (1.08-1.9), p<0.01, I2=81%). CONCLUSION Post-TAVR persistent LBBB is associated with higher PPMi, HF hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality. While efforts to identify patients who need post-procedural PPMi are warranted, more studies are required to evaluate the best follow-up and treatment strategies, including the type of pacing device if required, to improve long-term outcomes in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Megaly
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bishoy Abraham
- Division of Internal Medicine, Ascension St. John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mahmoud Abdelsalam
- Division of Internal Medicine, Temple University/Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Johnstown, PA, USA
| | - Marwan Saad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Cardiology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Omer
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ayman Elbadawi
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Amgad Mentias
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Roy and Lucille J. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Sameer Gafoor
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Swedish Medical Centre, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Mario Goessl
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - João L Cavalcante
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Santiago Garcia
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Samir Kapadia
- Division of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashish Pershad
- Division of Cardiology, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Paul Sorajja
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jay Sengupta
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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