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Ansari AS, K C R, Morales LC, Nasrullah M, Meenakshi Sundaram DN, Kucharski C, Jiang X, Brandwein J, Uludağ H. Lipopolymer mediated siRNA delivery targeting aberrant oncogenes for effective therapy of myeloid leukemia in preclinical animal models. J Control Release 2024; 367:821-836. [PMID: 38360178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The clinical development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has led to great strides in improving the survival of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. But even the new generation TKIs are rendered futile in the face of evolving landscape of acquired mutations leading to drug resistance, necessitating the pursuit of alternative therapeutic approaches. In contrast to exploiting proteins as targets like most conventional drugs and TKIs, RNA Interference (RNAi) exerts its therapeutic action towards disease-driving aberrant genes. To realize the potential of RNAi, the major challenge is to efficiently deliver the therapeutic mediator of RNAi, small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using aliphatic lipid (linoleic acid and lauric acid)-grafted polymers (lipopolymers) for the delivery of siRNAs against the FLT3 oncogene in AML and BCR-ABL oncogene in CML. The lipopolymer delivered siRNA potently suppressed the proliferation AML and CML cells via silencing of the targeted oncogenes. In both AML and CML subcutaneous xenografts generated in NCG mice, intravenously administered lipopolymer/siRNA complexes displayed significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth. Combining siFLT3 complexes with gilteritinib allowed for reduction of effective drug dosage, longer duration of remission, and enhanced survival after relapse, compared to gilteritinib monotherapy. Anti-leukemic activity of siBCR-ABL complexes was similar in wild-type and TKI-resistant cells, and therapeutic efficacy was confirmed in vivo through prolonged survival of the NCG hosts systemically implanted with TKI-resistant cells. These results demonstrate the preclinical efficacy of lipopolymer facilitated siRNA delivery, providing a novel therapeutic platform for myeloid leukemias.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Animals
- Mice
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Oncogenes
- Models, Animal
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Aniline Compounds
- Pyrazines
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha S Ansari
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Alberta, Canada
| | - Remant K C
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luis C Morales
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mohammad Nasrullah
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H1, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Cezary Kucharski
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Terry Fox Labs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V5Z 1L3, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H1, Alberta, Canada.
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2
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Ubeda Gutierrez AM, Remant Bahadur KC, Brandwein J, Uludağ H. Exploring the Potential of siRNA Delivery in Acute Myeloid Leukemia for Therapeutic Silencing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3167. [PMID: 38133064 PMCID: PMC10745893 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the feasibility of using siRNA therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by developing macromolecular carriers that facilitated intracellular delivery of siRNA. The carriers were derived from low-molecular-weight (<2 kDa) polyethyleneimine (PEI) and modified with a range of aliphatic lipids. We identified linoleic acid and lauric acid-modified PEI as optimal carriers for siRNA delivery to AML cell lines KG1 and KG1a, as well as AML patient-derived mononuclear cells. As they have been proven to be potent targets in the treatment of AML, we examined the silencing of BCL2L12 and survivin and showed how it leads to the decrease in proliferation of KG1 and stem-cell-like KG1a cells. By optimizing the transfection schedule, we were able to enhance the effect of the siRNAs on proliferation over a period of 10 days. We additionally showed that with proper modifications of PEI, other genes, including MAP2K3, CDC20, and SOD-1, could be targeted to decrease the proliferation of AML cells. Our studies demonstrated the versatility of siRNA delivery with modified PEI to elicit an effect in leukemic cells that are difficult to transfect, offering an alternative to conventional drugs for more precise and targeted treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyeld M. Ubeda Gutierrez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - K. C. Remant Bahadur
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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3
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Çağdaş Tunalı B, Çelik E, Budak Yıldıran FA, Türk M. Delivery of
siRNA
using hyaluronic acid‐guided nanoparticles for downregulation of
CXCR4. Biopolymers 2023; 114:e23535. [PMID: 36972328 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, effective transport of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) via hyaluronic acid (HA) receptor was carried out with biodegradable HA and low-molecular weight polyethyleneimine (PEI)-based transport systems. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) capable of giving photothermal response, and their conjugates with PEI and HA, were also added to the structure. Thus, a combination of gene silencing, photothermal therapy and chemotherapy, has been accomplished. The synthesized transport systems ranged in size, between 25 and 690 nm. When the particles were applied at a concentration of 100 μg mL-1 (except AuPEI NPs) in vitro, cell viability was above 50%. Applying radiation after the conjugate/siRNA complex (especially those containing AuNP) treatment, increased the cytotoxic effect (decrease in cell viability of 37%, 54%, 13%, and 15% for AuNP, AuPEI NP, AuPEI-HA, and AuPEI-HA-DOX, respectively) on the MDA-MB-231 cell line. CXCR4 gene silencing via the synthesized complexes, especially AuPEI-HA-DOX/siRNA was more efficient in MDA-MB-231 cells (25-fold decrease in gene expression) than in CAPAN-1 cells. All these results demonstrated that the synthesized PEI-HA and AuPEI-HA-DOX conjugates can be used as siRNA carriers that are particularly effective, especially in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beste Çağdaş Tunalı
- Division of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Bioengineering, Engineering Faculty, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Eda Çelik
- Division of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Türk
- Department of Bioengineering, Engineering Faculty, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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4
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Ren X, He X, Xu C, Han D, Cheng S. Functional Tumor Targeting Nano-Systems for Reprogramming Circulating Tumor Cells with In Situ Evaluation on Therapeutic Efficiency at the Single-Cell Level. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105806. [PMID: 35595716 PMCID: PMC9313495 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is primarily responsible for treatment resistance and cancer relapses. Being critically important to address this issue, the timely evaluation of the appropriateness of therapeutic actions at the single-cell level is still facing challenges. By using multi-functionalized nano-systems with the delivery vector composed of histone for plasmids loading, hyaluronic acid for tumor targeting, and a fusion peptide for C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) targeting as well as nuclear localization, the reprogramming of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with in situ detection on biomarkers at the single-cell level is realized. By efficient co-delivery of the genome editing plasmid for CXCR4 knockout and molecular beacons for detection of upregulated mRNA biomarkers into CTCs in unprocessed whole blood, the therapeutic outcomes of genome editing at the single-cell level can be in situ evaluated. The single-cell analysis shows that CXCR4 in CTCs of cancer patients is efficiently downregulated, resulting in upregulated anticancer biomarkers such as p53 and p21. The study provides a facile strategy for in-depth profiling of cancer cell responses to therapeutic actions at single-cell resolution to evaluate the outcomes of treatments timely and conveniently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐He Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yan He
- School of Life SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032P. R. China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Di Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Si‐Xue Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
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Meenakshi Sundaram DN, Plianwong S, Kc R, Ostergaard H, Uludağ H. In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Cytokine Production by Lipid-Substituted Low Molecular Weight Branched PEIs Used for Gene Delivery. Acta Biomater 2022; 148:279-297. [PMID: 35738388 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-modified low molecular weight branched polyethyleneimines (PEIs) are promising non-viral gene delivery systems that have been successfully explored for treatment of various diseases. The present study aims to determine in vitro safety of these delivery systems based on assessment of cytotoxicity with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), hemolysis with human red blood cells (RBC) and cytokine secretion from several sources of PBMCs. The viability of cells treated with lipopolymer/pDNA complexes was dependent on the polymer:pDNA ratio used but remained low at therapeutically relevant concentrations for most lipopolymers, except for the propionic acid substituted PEIs. The extent of hemolysis was minimal and below the accepted safety levels with most of the lipopolymers; however, some linoleic acid substituted PEIs yielded significant hemolysis activity. Unlike strong cytokine secretion from PMA/IO stimulated cells, most lipopolymer/pDNA complexes remained non-responsive, showing minimal changes in cytokine secretion (TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ) irrespective of the lipopolymer/pDNA formulations. The 0.6 kDa PEI with lauric acid substituent displayed slight cytokine upregulation, however it remained low relative to the positive controls. This study demonstrated that the lipid modified LMW PEIs are expected to be safe in contact with blood components. However, close attention to lipopolymer concentration and ratio of polymer to pDNA in formulations might be required for individual lipopolymers for optimal safety response in nucleic acid therapies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : This manuscript investigated the safety aspects of various lipid modified low molecular weight polyethylenimine (LMW-PEI) polymers employed for pDNA delivery through in vitro studies. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from multiple sources, we show that the hemolysis ability was minimal for most polymers, although a particular lipid substituent (linoleic acid) at specific ratios exhibited hemolysis. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ) were slightly upregulated only with a lauric acid substituted 0.6PEI, but remained low relative to positive control treatments. We further report the beneficial effect of polyacrylic acid additives on hemolysis and cytokine secretion to a reasonable extent. This study confirms the feasibility of using LMW-PEI as safe delivery agents for various therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samarwadee Plianwong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Remant Kc
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hanne Ostergaard
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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6
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Cao Y, Zhang S, Ma M, Zhang Y. Fluorinated PEG-PEI Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery and CXCR4 Knockdown. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1692. [PMID: 35630915 PMCID: PMC9146302 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a promising therapeutic target. Previous studies have shown that intracellular delivery of siRNA to knockdown CXCR4 expression in cancer cells is an effective therapeutic strategy. To prepare efficient magnetic nucleic acid carriers, it is now necessary to improve the endocytosis efficiency of PEGylated magnetic nanoparticles. In our work, Heptafluorobutyryl-polyethylene glycol-polyethyleneimine (FPP) was first prepared and then used to coat magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to obtain magnetic nanocarriers FPP@MNPs. The materials were characterized by 19 F-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The biosecurity of FPP@MNPs was confirmed by cell viability and apoptosis experiments. Cellular uptake of FPP@MNPs and siRNA transfection enhanced by external magnetic fields were detected by fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser microscopy, and flow cytometry. The results show that the cellular uptake efficiency of FPP@MNPs was significantly improved, and transfection efficiency reached more than 90%. The knockdown of CXCR4 on the 4 T1 cell membrane was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry. In conclusion, the fluorinated cationic polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles FPP@MNPs can be loaded with siRNA to reduce CXCR4 expression as well as be expected to be efficient universal siRNA carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- Nanjing Nanoeast Biotech Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211000, China;
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;
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7
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Meenakshi Sundaram DN, Kc RB, Uludağ H. Linoleic Acid-Substituted Polyethyleneimine to Silence Heat Shock Protein 90B1 (HSP90B1) to Inhibit Migration of Breast Cancer Cells. J Gene Med 2022; 24:e3419. [PMID: 35373897 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of death in women and the lack of treatment options for distant metastasis warrants the need to identify and develop more effective approaches. The aim of this study was to identify and validate targets that are associated with the survival and migration of the breast cancer cells in vitro through RNA interference (RNAi) approach. METHODS Linoleic acid modified polyethylenimine (PEI) polymer was used to screen a siRNA library against numerous cell adhesion and cytoskeleton genes in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cell line and the functional outcome of silencing was determined by growth and migration inhibition with further target validation studies. RESULTS Heat shock protein 90B1 (HSP90B1) was identified as a crucial gene which is known to be involved in various breast cancer machineries, including uncontrolled proliferation and brain metastasis. The success of this approach was also due to the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) additive in lipopolymer complexes that showed a profound impact in reducing the cell viability (~50%), migration (~40%), and mRNA transcript levels (~80%) with a physiologically relevant siRNA concentration of 60 nM. The use of dicer-substrate siRNA proved to be beneficial in target silencing and a combinational treatment of integrin-β1 (ITGB1) and HSP90B1 was effective in reducing the migration of the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the potential to identify and silence targets using lipid modified PEI/siRNA system and highlight the importance of HSP90B1 in the growth and migration of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Remant Bahadur Kc
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, U. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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8
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A targeting delivery system for effective genome editing in leukemia cells to reverse malignancy. J Control Release 2022; 343:645-656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Wu A, Ansari AS, Uludaǧ H, Jiang X. Multiple gene knockdown strategies for investigating the properties of human leukemia stem cells and exploring new therapies. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 171:1-22. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Therapeutic delivery of siRNA with polymeric carriers to down-regulate STAT5A expression in high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251719. [PMID: 34157051 PMCID: PMC8219370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression and persistent activation of STAT5 play an important role in the development and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common pediatric cancer. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated downregulation of STAT5 represents a promising therapeutic approach for ALL to overcome the limitations of current treatment modalities such as high relapse rates and poor prognosis. However, to effectively transport siRNA molecules to target cells, development of potent carriers is of utmost importance to surpass hurdles of delivery. In this study, we investigated the use of lipopolymers as non-viral delivery systems derived from low molecular weight polyethylenimines (PEI) substituted with lauric acid (Lau), linoleic acid (LA) and stearic acid (StA) to deliver siRNA molecules to ALL cell lines and primary samples. Among the lipid-substituted polymers explored, Lau- and LA-substituted PEI displayed excellent siRNA delivery to SUP-B15 and RS4;11 cells. STAT5A gene expression was downregulated (36-92%) in SUP-B15 and (32%) in RS4;11 cells using the polymeric delivery systems, which consequently reduced cell growth and inhibited the formation of colonies in ALL cells. With regard to ALL primary cells, siRNA-mediated STAT5A gene silencing was observed in four of eight patient cells using our leading polymeric delivery system, 1.2PEI-Lau8, accompanied by the significant reduction in colony formation in three of eight patients. In both BCR-ABL positive and negative groups, three of five patients demonstrated marked cell growth inhibition in both MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays using 1.2PEI-Lau8/siRNA complexes in comparison with their control siRNA groups. Three patient samples did not show any positive results with our delivery systems. Differential therapeutic responses to siRNA therapy observed in different patients could result from variable genetic profiles and patient-to-patient variability in delivery. This study supports the potential of siRNA therapy and the designed lipopolymers as a delivery system in ALL therapy.
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11
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Su L, Hu Z, Yang YG. Role of CXCR4 in the progression and therapy of acute leukaemia. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13076. [PMID: 34050566 PMCID: PMC8249790 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCR4 is expressed on leukaemia cells and haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and its ligand stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is produced abundantly by stromal cells in the bone marrow (BM). The SDF-1/CXCR4 axis plays important roles in homing to and retention in the protective BM microenvironment of malignant leukaemia cells and normal HSCs. CXCR4 expression is regulated by multiple mechanisms and the level of CXCR4 expression on leukaemia cells has prognostic indications in patients with acute leukaemia. CXCR4 antagonists can mobilize leukaemia cells from BM to circulation, which render them effectively eradicated by chemotherapeutic agents, small molecular inhibitors or hypomethylating agents. Therefore, such combinational therapies have been tested in clinical trials. However, new evidence emerged that drug-resistant leukaemia cells were not affected by CXCR4 antagonists, and the migration of certain leukaemia cells to the leukaemia niche was independent of SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. In this review, we summarize the role of CXCR4 in progression and treatment of acute leukaemia, with a focus on the potential of CXCR4 as a therapeutic target for acute leukaemia. We also discuss the potential value of using CXCR4 antagonists as chemosensitizer for conditioning regimens and immunosensitizer for graft-vs-leukaemia effects of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Su
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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Ansari AS, K C R, Jiang X, Uludaǧ H. Investigation of water-insoluble hydrophobic polyethylenimines as RNAi vehicles in chronic myeloid leukemia therapy. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2306-2321. [PMID: 33964112 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) more than two decades ago opened avenues for avant-garde cancer treatments that possess the ability to evade issues hampering current chemotherapeutic strategies, owing to its specific gene sequence-driven mechanism of action. A potent short interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery vehicle designed to overcome physiological barriers is imperative for successful RNAi therapy. For this purpose, this study explored the characteristics and therapeutic efficacy of low-molecular weight (MW) polyethylenimine (PEI) with high cholesterol substitution, yielding water-insoluble polymers, in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cells. A strong impact of cholesterol grafting on the physicochemical attributes of the resultant polymers and their corresponding complexes with siRNA was observed, with the siRNA binding capacity of polymers increasing and complex dissociation sensitivity decreasing with increase in cholesterol content of the polymers. The modified polymer complexes were significantly smaller in size and possessed higher cationic charge compared to the parent polymer. The interaction with anionic heparan sulfate preoteoglycans present on the cell surface was significant in cellular uptake of the complexes. The therapeutic efficacy of siRNA/polymer complexes was reflected in their ability to effectively silence the reporter green fluorescent protein gene and endogenous CML oncogene BCR-ABL as well as significantly inhibit colony formation by K562 cells post BCR-ABL silencing. The results of this study demonstrated beneficial effects of high levels of hydrophobic substitution on low MW PEI on their functional performance bestowing them the potential to be potent RNAi agents for CML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha S Ansari
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Remant K C
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludaǧ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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13
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Kolosenko I, Goroshchuk O, Vidarsdottir L, Björklund AC, Dowdy SF, Palm-Apergi C. RNAi prodrugs decrease elevated mRNA levels of Polo-like kinase 1 in ex vivo cultured primary cells from pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patients. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21476. [PMID: 33788972 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002454rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is an important regulator of the cell cycle and it is frequently overexpressed in cancer cells. Several small molecule inhibitors have been developed to target Plk1 and some of them have reached clinical trials in adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Pediatric AML patients have a poor prognosis and survivors suffer from long-term side effects. As adult AML cells have an elevated expression of Plk1, AML is a disease candidate for Plk1 inhibition. However, the relative success of clinical trials have been hampered by adverse reactions. Herein, PLK1-targeting RNA interference (RNAi) prodrugs that enter cells without a transfection reagent are used to target PLK1 selectively in primary cells from pediatric AML patients. We show that PLK1 and PLK4 mRNA expression are significantly higher in pediatric AML patients when compared to healthy donors and that PLK1 is downregulated by on average 50% using RNAi prodrugs without a significant effect on other PLK family members. In addition, the RNAi prodrug-induced decrease in PLK1 can be used to potentiate the effect of cytarabine. In summary, PLK1-targeting RNAi prodrugs can decrease the elevated levels of PLK1 in primary cells from pediatric AML patients and sensitize pediatric AML cells to chemotherapeutics.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Child
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Prodrugs/administration & dosage
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
- Polo-Like Kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Kolosenko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oksana Goroshchuk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Vidarsdottir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Björklund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven F Dowdy
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Caroline Palm-Apergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Montazeri Aliabadi H, Totonchy J, Mahdipoor P, Parang K, Uludağ H. Suppression of Human Coronavirus 229E Infection in Lung Fibroblast Cells via RNA Interference. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.670543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive efforts to repurpose approved drugs, discover new small molecules, and develop vaccines, COVID-19 pandemic is still claiming victims around the world. The current arsenal of antiviral compounds did not perform well in the past viral infections (e.g., SARS), which casts a shadow of doubt for use against the new SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines should offer the ultimate protection; however, there is limited information about the longevity of the generated immunity and the protection against possible mutations. This study uses Human Coronavirus 229E as a model coronavirus to test the hypothesis that effective delivery of virus-specific siRNAs to infected cells will result in lower viral load and reduced cell death. Two different categories of nucleic acid delivery systems, Peptide/Lipid-Associated Nucleic Acids (PLANAs) and lipophilic polymers, were investigated for their toxicity in human lung fibroblast cells and their ability to deliver specific siRNAs targeting Spike and Envelope proteins in order to prevent cell death in infected cells. Selected siRNAs were effectively delivered to human lung fibroblast cells with negligible toxicity. Cell death due to viral infection was significantly reduced with individual and combinatorial silencing of selected viral proteins. The combinatorial silencing of Spike and Envelope proteins restored the cell viability completely and eliminated plaques in the investigated system. Our cell culture data indicate promising results for the RNAi based approach as an alternative antiviral treatment.
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15
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Meng J, Ge Y, Xing H, Wei H, Xu S, Liu J, Yan D, Wen T, Wang M, Fang X, Ma L, Yang Y, Wang C, Wang J, Xu H. Synthetic CXCR4 Antagonistic Peptide Assembling with Nanoscaled Micelles Combat Acute Myeloid Leukemia. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001890. [PMID: 32608185 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common adult acute leukemia with very low survival rate due to drug resistance and high relapse rate. The C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is highly expressed by AML cells, actively mediating chemoresistance and reoccurrence. Herein, a chemically synthesized CXCR4 antagonistic peptide E5 is fabricated to micelle formulation (M-E5) and applied to refractory AML mice, and its therapeutic effects and pharmacokinetics are investigated. Results show that M-E5 can effectively block the surface CXCR4 in leukemic cells separated from bone marrow (BM) and spleen, and inhibit the C-X-C chemokine ligand 12-mediated migration. Subcutaneous administration of M-E5 significantly inhibits the engraftment of leukemic cells in spleen and BM, and mobilizes residue leukemic cells into peripheral blood, reducing organs' burden and significantly prolonging the survival of AML mice. M-E5 can also increase the efficacy of combining regime of homoharringtonine and doxorubicin. Ribonucleic acid sequencing demonstrates that the therapeutic effect is contributed by inhibiting proliferation and enhancing apoptosis and differentiation, all related to the CXCR4 signaling blockade. M-E5 reaches the concentration peak at 2 h after administration with a half-life of 14.5 h in blood. In conclusion, M-E5 is a novel promising therapeutic candidate for refractory AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yangyang Ge
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Haiyan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Hui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Shilin Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Doudou Yan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Tao Wen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaocui Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lilusi Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanlian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
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16
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Yuan S, Liu Z, Xu Z, Liu J, Zhang J. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1): a pivotal regulator of hematopoietic malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:91. [PMID: 32660524 PMCID: PMC7359022 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone chromatin-associated protein that has been widely reported to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic malignancies. As a representative damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), HMGB1 normally exists inside cells but can be secreted into the extracellular environment through passive or active release. Extracellular HMGB1 binds with several different receptors and interactors to mediate the proliferation, differentiation, mobilization, and senescence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). HMGB1 is also involved in the formation of the inflammatory bone marrow (BM) microenvironment by activating proinflammatory signaling pathways. Moreover, HMGB1-dependent autophagy induces chemotherapy resistance in leukemia and multiple myeloma. In this review, we systematically summarize the emerging roles of HMGB1 in carcinogenesis, progression, prognosis, and potential clinical applications in different hematopoietic malignancies. In summary, targeting the regulation of HMGB1 activity in HSCs and the BM microenvironment is highly beneficial in the diagnosis and treatment of various hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunling Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenru Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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17
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Yazdani Z, Mousavi Z, Moradabadi A, Hassanshahi G. Significance of CXCL12/CXCR4 Ligand/Receptor Axis in Various Aspects of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2155-2165. [PMID: 32273755 PMCID: PMC7102884 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s234883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is defined as an aggressive disorder which is described by accumulation of immature malignant cells into the bone marrow. Chemokine-receptor axes are defined as factors involved in AML pathogenesis and prognosis. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 along with its ligand, CXCL12 fit in important players that are actively involved in the cross-talk between leukemia cells and bone marrow microenvironment. Therefore, according to the above introductory comments, in this review article, we have focused on delineating some parts played by CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in various aspects of AML malignancy. Targeting both leukemic and stromal cell interaction is nowadays accepted as a wide and attractive strategy for improving the outcome of treatment in AML in a non-cell autonomous manner. This strategy might be employed in a wide variety of AML patients regardless of their causative mutations. In addition to several potential targets involved in the disruption of malignant leukemic cells from their specific protective niches, compounds which interfere with CXCL12/CXCR4 axis have also been explored in multiple early-phase established clinical trials. Moreover, extensive research programs are exploring novel leading mechanisms for leukemia-stromal interactions that appear to find out novel therapeutic targets within the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinat Yazdani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Research, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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18
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Peng Y, Bariwal J, Kumar V, Tan C, Mahato RI. Organic Nanocarriers for Delivery and Targeting of Therapeutic Agents for Cancer Treatment. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Jitender Bariwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Virender Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Chalet Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug DeliveryUniversity of Mississippi University MS 38677 USA
| | - Ram I. Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
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19
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Mousavi A. CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction in diseases and its molecular approaches in targeted-therapy. Immunol Lett 2019; 217:91-115. [PMID: 31747563 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are small molecules called "chemotactic cytokines" and regulate many processes like leukocyte trafficking, homing of immune cells, maturation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, physiology, migration during development, and host immune responses. These proteins bind to their corresponding 7-membrane G-protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines and their receptors are anti-inflammatory factors in autoimmune conditions, so consider as potential targets for neutralization in such diseases. They also express by cancer cells and function as angiogenic factors, and/or survival/growth factors that enhance tumor angiogenesis and development. Among chemokines, the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis has significantly been studied in numerous cancers and autoimmune diseases. CXCL12 is a homeostatic chemokine, which is acts as an anti-inflammatory chemokine during autoimmune inflammatory responses. In cancer cells, CXCL12 acts as an angiogenic, proliferative agent and regulates tumor cell apoptosis as well. CXCR4 has a role in leukocyte chemotaxis in inflammatory situations in numerous autoimmune diseases, as well as the high levels of CXCR4, observed in different types of human cancers. These findings suggest CXCL12/CXCR4 as a potential therapeutic target for therapy of autoimmune diseases and open a new approach to targeted-therapy of cancers by neutralizing CXCL12 and CXCR4. In this paper, we reviewed the current understanding of the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in disease pathology and cancer biology, and discuss its therapeutic implications in cancer and diseases.
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20
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Peled A, Klein S, Beider K, Burger JA, Abraham M. Role of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. Cytokine 2019; 109:11-16. [PMID: 29903571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) are important players in the cross-talk among lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia cells and their microenvironments. In hematological malignancies and solid tumors, the overexpression of CXCR4 on the cell surface has been shown to be responsible for disease progression, increasing tumor cell survival and chemoresistance and metastasis to organs with high CXCL12 levels (e.g., lymph nodes and bone marrow (BM)). Furthermore, the overexpression of CXCR4 has been found to have prognostic significance for disease progression in many type of tumors including lymphoma, leukemia, glioma, and prostate, breast, colorectal, renal, and hepatocellular carcinomas. In leukemia, CXCR4 expression granted leukemic blasts a higher capacity to seed into BM niches, thereby protecting leukemic cells from chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, and was correlated with shorter disease-free survival. In contrast, neutralizing the interaction of CXCL12/CXCR4 with a variety of antagonists induced apoptosis and differentiation and increased the chemosensitivity of lymphoma, myeloma, and leukemia cells. The role of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies and the clinical therapeutic potential of CXCR4 antagonists in these diseases is discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/immunology
- Cell Survival/physiology
- Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism
- Disease Progression
- Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Hematologic Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Prognosis
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Peled
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, P.O.B 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Shiri Klein
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, P.O.B 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Katia Beider
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Jan A Burger
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michal Abraham
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, P.O.B 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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21
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Valencia-Serna J, Kucharski C, Chen M, Kc R, Jiang X, Brandwein J, Uludağ H. siRNA-mediated BCR-ABL silencing in primary chronic myeloid leukemia cells using lipopolymers. J Control Release 2019; 310:141-154. [PMID: 31430499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite development of effective tyrosine kinase inhibitors for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), some patients do not effectively respond to the therapy and can display resistance in response to the drug therapy. To develop an alternative approach to CML therapy, we are exploring siRNA mediated silencing of the primary CML oncogene, BCR-ABL, by using non-viral (polymeric) delivery systems. In this study, a group of lipopolymers derived from low molecular PEIs substituted with linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (αLA) and cholesterol (Chol) was investigated for the first time for siRNA delivery to CML primary samples. The delivery efficiency in primary cells was equivalent to CML K562 cell line, and the lipopolymers gave effective internalization of siRNA depending on the nature of lipid substituent. The PEI-αLA (2.5 αLA/PEI), PEI-Chol (2.2 Chol/PEI), and PEI-LA (2.6 LA/PEI) lipopolymers used as BCR-ABL siRNA carriers (at 60 nM siRNA) reduced the BCR-ABL mRNA expression by 17% to 45%, and inhibited the formation of colonies by 24% to 41% in comparison with control siRNA in mononuclear cells. BCR-ABL siRNA treatment reduced the BCR-ABL mRNA expression by 50% in one of two CD34+ samples tested, and combination of BCR-ABL siRNA with imatinib (IM) treatment decreased the colony formation by 65% in one of two samples evaluated. The fact that no single polymer was universally effective in all patient samples may suggest patient-to-patient variability in terms of therapeutic responses to siRNA therapy. These results showed that a low dose of BCR-ABL siRNA could be used with lipopolymers to reduce BCR-ABL mRNA expression, CML cell survival and colony formation. This proof of principle study in CML primary cells can be applied to silencing of other therapeutic targets besides BCR-ABL and a study with larger patient samples is warranted for better identification of effective siRNA carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Valencia-Serna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.
| | - Cezary Kucharski
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Min Chen
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Remant Kc
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, AB, Canada; Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, AB, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.
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22
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Uludag H, Ubeda A, Ansari A. At the Intersection of Biomaterials and Gene Therapy: Progress in Non-viral Delivery of Nucleic Acids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:131. [PMID: 31214586 PMCID: PMC6558074 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials play a critical role in technologies intended to deliver therapeutic agents in clinical settings. Recent explosion of our understanding of how cells utilize nucleic acids has garnered excitement to develop a range of older (e.g., antisense oligonucleotides, plasmid DNA and transposons) and emerging (e.g., short interfering RNA, messenger RNA and non-coding RNAs) nucleic acid agents for therapy of a wide range of diseases. This review will summarize biomaterials-centered advances to undertake effective utilization of nucleic acids for therapeutic purposes. We first review various types of nucleic acids and their unique abilities to deliver a range of clinical outcomes. Using recent advances in T-cell based therapy as a case in point, we summarize various possibilities for utilizing biomaterials to make an impact in this exciting therapeutic intervention technology, with the belief that this modality will serve as a therapeutic paradigm for other types of cellular therapies in the near future. We subsequently focus on contributions of biomaterials in emerging nucleic acid technologies, specifically focusing on the design of intelligent nanoparticles, deployment of mRNA as an alternative to plasmid DNA, long-acting (integrating) expression systems, and in vitro/in vivo expansion of engineered T-cells. We articulate the role of biomaterials in these emerging nucleic acid technologies in order to enhance the clinical impact of nucleic acids in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Uludag
- Department of Chemical and Materinals Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Anyeld Ubeda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Aysha Ansari
- Department of Chemical and Materinals Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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23
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Meenakshi Sundaram DN, Jiang X, Brandwein JM, Valencia-Serna J, Remant KC, Uludağ H. Current outlook on drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and potential therapeutic options. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1355-1369. [PMID: 31102734 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia cells are armed with several resistance mechanisms that can make current drugs ineffective. A better understanding of resistance mechanisms is yielding new approaches to management of the disease. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm the hallmark of which, the breakpoint cluster region-Abelson (BCR-ABL) oncogene, has been the target of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which have significantly improved the survival of patients with CML. However, because of an increase in TKI resistance, it is becoming imperative to identify resistance mechanisms so that drug therapies can be better prescribed and new agents developed. In this review, we discuss the various BCR-ABL-dependent and -independent mechanisms of resistance observed in CML, and the range of therapeutic solutions available to overcome such resistance and to ultimately improve the survival of patients with CML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Juliana Valencia-Serna
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - K C Remant
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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24
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Kc R, Thapa B, Ubeda A, Jiang X, Uludağ H. BCR-Abl Silencing by siRNA: A Potent Approach to Sensitize Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:734-744. [PMID: 30585758 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonviral gene therapy with specific short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against BCR-Abl can be an alternative and/or supportive therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), given the often observed resistance to TKIs in clinical setting. In this study, we explored the feasibility of BCR-Abl siRNA therapy in CML K562 cells in vitro by employing a cationic polymer derived from cholesterol (Chol) grafted low-molecular weight polyethyleneimine (PEI). The first generation TKI imatinib upregulated the expression of BCR-Abl in K562 cells as expected. Delivery of BCR-Abl siRNA in both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant K562 cells significantly downregulated the mRNA levels in both cell types. Similarly, the BCR-Abl siRNA treatment arrested the growth of both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant K562 cells with no obvious differences despite a large difference in drug responsiveness. The BCR-Abl gene silencing in combination with TKI treatments exhibited significant synergism in drug-resistant K562 cells in generating substantial antileukemic activity, where the TKIs on their own were not effective. The effect of BCR-Abl siRNA and TKIs on non-CML cells (Jurkat and primary fibroblast) was negligible, indicating the specificity of the proposed therapy. This strategy can significantly overcome TKI resistance in CML cells, suggesting a feasible and effective treatment model for CML patients suffering from clinical resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remant Kc
- 1 Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Bindu Thapa
- 2 Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Anyeld Ubeda
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- 4 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- 1 Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,2 Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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25
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Janssens R, Struyf S, Proost P. Pathological roles of the homeostatic chemokine CXCL12. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 44:51-68. [PMID: 30396776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CXCL12 is a CXC chemokine that traditionally has been classified as a homeostatic chemokine. It contributes to physiological processes such as embryogenesis, hematopoiesis and angiogenesis. In contrast to these homeostatic functions, increased expression of CXCL12 in general, or of a specific CXCL12 splicing variant has been demonstrated in various pathologies. In addition to this increased or differential transcription of CXCL12, also upregulation of its receptors CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) contributes to the onset or progression of diseases. Moreover, posttranslational modification of CXCL12 during disease progression, through interaction with locally produced molecules or enzymes, also affects CXCL12 activity, adding further complexity. As CXCL12, CXCR4 and ACKR3 are broadly expressed, the number of pathologies wherein CXCL12 is involved is growing. In this review, the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 axis will be discussed for the most prevalent pathologies. Administration of CXCL12-neutralizing antibodies or small-molecule antagonists of CXCR4 or ACKR3 delays disease onset or prevents disease progression in cancer, viral infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, asthma and acute lung injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and WHIM syndrome. On the other hand, CXCL12 has protective properties in Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, has a beneficial role in wound healing and has crucial homeostatic properties in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Janssens
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Struyf
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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26
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Guo J, Luan X, Cong Z, Sun Y, Wang L, McKenna SL, Cahill MR, O'Driscoll CM. The potential for clinical translation of antibody-targeted nanoparticles in the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia. J Control Release 2018; 286:154-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Xie Y, Wang Y, Li J, Hang Y, Oupický D. Promise of chemokine network-targeted nanoparticles in combination nucleic acid therapies of metastatic cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 11:e1528. [PMID: 29700990 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors play key roles in cancer progression and metastasis. Although multiple chemokines and chemokine receptors have been investigated, inhibition of CXCR4 emerged as one of the most promising approaches in combination cancer therapy, especially when focused on the metastatic disease. Small RNA molecules, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA), represent new class of therapeutics for cancer treatment through RNA interference-mediated gene silencing. However, the clinical applicability of siRNA and miRNA is severely limited by the lack of effective delivery systems. There is a significant therapeutic potential for CXCR4-targeted nanomedicines in combination with the delivery of siRNA and miRNA in cancer. Recently developed CXCR4-targeted polymeric drugs and nanomedicines, including cyclam- and chloroquine-based polymeric CXCR4 antagonists are introduced here and their ability to deliver functional siRNA and miRNA is discussed. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Yazhe Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Yu Hang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - David Oupický
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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28
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Date T, Nimbalkar V, Kamat J, Mittal A, Mahato RI, Chitkara D. Lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers for delivering cancer therapeutics. J Control Release 2017; 271:60-73. [PMID: 29273320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remained a major cause of death providing diversified challenges in terms of treatment including non-specific toxicity, chemoresistance and relapse. Nanotechnology- based delivery systems grabbed tremendous attention for delivering cancer therapeutics as they provide benefits including controlled drug release, improved biological half-life, reduced toxicity and targeted delivery. Majority of the nanocarriers consists of either a polymer or a lipid component along with other excipients to stabilize the colloidal system. Lipid-based systems provide advantages like better entrapment efficiency, scalability and low- cost raw materials, however, suffer from limitations including instability, a burst release of the drug, and limited surface functionalization. On the other hand, polymeric systems provide an excellent diversity of chemical modifications, stability, controlled release, however limited drug loading capacities and scale up limit their use. Hybrid nanocarriers consisting of lipid and polymer were able to overcome some of these disadvantages while retaining the advantages of both the systems. Designing a stable lipid-polymer hybrid system requires a thorough understanding of the material properties and their behavior in in vitro and in vivo environments. This review highlights the current status and future prospects of lipid-polymer hybrid systems with a particular focus on cancer nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Date
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vaishnavi Nimbalkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jyostna Kamat
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986125 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, United States
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Myeloid Malignancies: A Focus on Immune Escaping and Therapeutic Implications. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:6720594. [PMID: 28947904 PMCID: PMC5602646 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6720594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the bone marrow microenvironment forming the so-called niche in physiologic hemopoiesis is largely known, and recent evidences support the presence of stromal alterations from the molecular to the cytoarchitectural level in hematologic malignancies. Various alterations in cell adhesion, metabolism, cytokine signaling, autophagy, and methylation patterns of tumor-derived mesenchymal stem cells have been demonstrated, contributing to the genesis of a leukemic permissive niche. This niche allows both the ineffective haematopoiesis typical of myelodysplastic syndromes and the differentiation arrest, proliferation advantage, and clone selection which is the hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia. Furthermore, the immune system, both adaptive and innate, encompassing mesenchymal-derived cells, has been shown to take part to the leukemic niche. Here, we critically review the state of art about mesenchymal stem cell role in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, focusing on immune escaping mechanisms as a target for available and future anticancer therapies.
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30
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Guo J, Russell EG, Darcy R, Cotter TG, McKenna SL, Cahill MR, O’Driscoll CM. Antibody-Targeted Cyclodextrin-Based Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Physicochemical Characteristics, in Vitro Mechanistic Studies, and ex Vivo Patient Derived Therapeutic Efficacy. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:940-952. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Guo
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Pharmacodelivery
Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eileen G. Russell
- Tumour
Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Raphael Darcy
- Pharmacodelivery
Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomas G. Cotter
- Tumour
Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Mary R. Cahill
- Department
of Haematology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Meenakshi Sundaram DN, Kucharski C, Parmar MB, Kc RB, Uludağ H. Polymeric Delivery of siRNA against Integrin-β1 (CD29) to Reduce Attachment and Migration of Breast Cancer Cells. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [PMID: 28160423 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface integrins, which play important roles in the survival, proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells, are a viable target for treatment of metastatic breast cancer. This line of therapy still remains challenging due to the lack of proper identification and validation of effective targets as well as the lack of suitable therapeutic agents for treatment. The focus is on one such molecular target for this purpose, namely integrin-β1, and effective lowering of integrin-β1 levels on a breast cancer model (MDA-MB-231 cells) is achieved by delivering a dicer-substrate short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting integrin-β1 with lipid-modified low molecular weight polyethylenimine polymers. Reduction of integrin-β1 levels leads to reduced adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells to extracellular matrix component fibronectin as well as to human bone marrow cells. A reduced migration of the breast cancer cells is also observed after integrin-β1 silencing in "scratch" and "transwell" migration assays. These results highlight the importance of integrin-β1 for the migration of metastatic breast cancer cells by effectively silencing this target with a practical dose of siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cezary Kucharski
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V2, Canada
| | - Manoj B Parmar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Remant Bahadur Kc
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V2, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H1, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V2, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, 2V2, Canada
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32
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Liu J, Zhao D, He W, Zhang H, Li Z, Luan Y. Nanoassemblies from amphiphilic cytarabine prodrug for leukemia targeted therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 487:239-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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33
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Ansari AS, Santerre PJ, Uludağ H. Biomaterials for polynucleotide delivery to anchorage-independent cells. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7238-7261. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of various chemical vectors used for polynucleotide delivery to mammalian anchorage-independent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha S. Ansari
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Paul J. Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
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34
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Aliabadi HM, Mahdipoor P, Bisoffi M, Hugh JC, Uludağ H. Single and Combinational siRNA Therapy of Cancer Cells: Probing Changes in Targeted and Nontargeted Mediators after siRNA Treatment. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:4116-4128. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Department of Chemical & Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Parvin Mahdipoor
- Department of Chemical & Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Marco Bisoffi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Schmid
College of Science and Technology; Biological Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Judith C. Hugh
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical & Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G
2R3, Canada
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35
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Bivalkar-Mehla S, Mehla R, Chauhan A. Chimeric peptide-mediated siRNA transduction to inhibit HIV-1 infection. J Drug Target 2016; 25:307-319. [PMID: 27800697 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2016.1245311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Persistent human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection provokes immune activation and depletes CD4+ lymphocytes, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Uninterrupted administration of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-infected patients suppresses viral replication to below the detectable level and partially restores the immune system. However, cART-unresponsive residual HIV-1 infection and elusive transcriptionally silent but reactivatable viral reservoirs maintain a permanent viral DNA blue print. The virus rebounds within a few weeks after interruption of suppressive therapy. Adjunct gene therapy to control viral replication by ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) is a post-transcriptional gene silencing strategy that could suppress residual HIV-1 burden and overcome viral resistance. Small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs) are efficient transcriptional inhibitors, but need delivery systems to reach inside target cells. We investigated the potential of chimeric peptide (FP-PTD) to deliver specific siRNAs to HIV-1-susceptible and permissive cells. Chimeric FP-PTD peptide was designed with an RNA binding domain (PTD) to bind siRNA and a cell fusion peptide domain (FP) to enter cells. FP-PTD-siRNA complex entered and inhibited HIV-1 replication in susceptible cells, and could be a candidate for in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalmali Bivalkar-Mehla
- a Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology , University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Rajeev Mehla
- a Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology , University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Ashok Chauhan
- a Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology , University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia , SC , USA
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Uludağ H, Landry B, Valencia-Serna J, Remant-Bahadur K, Meneksedağ-Erol D. Current attempts to implement siRNA-based RNAi in leukemia models. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1412-1420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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37
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Pleyer L, Valent P, Greil R. Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cells in Normal and Dysplastic Hematopoiesis-Masters of Survival and Clonality? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071009. [PMID: 27355944 PMCID: PMC4964385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are malignant hematopoietic stem cell disorders that have the capacity to progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Accumulating evidence suggests that the altered bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in general, and in particular the components of the stem cell niche, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their progeny, play a pivotal role in the evolution and propagation of MDS. We here present an overview of the role of MSCs in the pathogenesis of MDS, with emphasis on cellular interactions in the BM microenvironment and related stem cell niche concepts. MSCs have potent immunomodulatory capacities and communicate with diverse immune cells, but also interact with various other cellular components of the microenvironment as well as with normal and leukemic stem and progenitor cells. Moreover, compared to normal MSCs, MSCs in MDS and AML often exhibit altered gene expression profiles, an aberrant phenotype, and abnormal functional properties. These alterations supposedly contribute to the “reprogramming” of the stem cell niche into a disease-permissive microenvironment where an altered immune system, abnormal stem cell niche interactions, and an impaired growth control lead to disease progression. The current article also reviews molecular targets that play a role in such cellular interactions and possibilities to interfere with abnormal stem cell niche interactions by using specific targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pleyer
- 3rd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials at Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- 3rd Medical Department, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology & Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Richard Greil
- 3rd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials at Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- 3rd Medical Department, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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