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Kibar G, Dutta S, Rege K, Usta OB. Evaluation of drug carrier hepatotoxicity using primary cell culture models. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 48:102651. [PMID: 36623713 PMCID: PMC10492629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to establish a primary rat hepatocyte culture model to evaluate dose-dependent hepatotoxic effects of drug carriers (lipopolymer nanoparticles; LPNs) temporal. Primary rat hepatocyte cell cultures were used to determine half-maximal Inhibition Concentrations (IC50) of the drug-carrier library. Drug-carrier library, at concentrations <50 μg/mL, is benign to primary rat hepatocytes as determined using albumin and urea secretions. Albumin, as a hepatic biomarker, exhibited a more sensitive and faster outcome, compared to urea, for the determination of the IC50 value of LPNs. Temporal measurements of hepatic biomarkers including urea and albumin, and rigorous physicochemical (hydrodynamic diameter, surface charge, etc.) characterization, should be combined to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of drug carrier libraries in screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güneş Kibar
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
| | - Subhadeep Dutta
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Kaushal Rege
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Biological Design Graduate Program, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - O Berk Usta
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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2
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Safaei Z, Thompson GL. Histone deacetylase 4 and 5 translocation elicited by microsecond pulsed electric field exposure is mediated by kinase activity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1047851. [PMID: 36466344 PMCID: PMC9713944 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1047851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroporation-based technologies using microsecond pulsed electric field (µsPEF) exposures are established as laboratory and clinical tools that permeabilize cell membranes. We demonstrate a µsPEF bioeffect on nucleocytoplasmic import and export of enzymes that regulate genetic expression, histone deacetylases (HDAC) -4 and -5. Their μsPEF-induced nucleocytoplasmic transport depends on presence and absence of extracellular calcium ions (Ca2+) for both MCF7 and CHO-K1 cells. Exposure to 1, 10, 30 and 50 consecutive square wave pulses at 1 Hz and of 100 µs duration with 1.45 kV/cm magnitude leads to translocation of endogenous HDAC4 and HDAC5. We posit that by eliciting a rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, a signaling pathway involving kinases, such as Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), is activated. This cascade causes nuclear export and import of HDAC4 and HDAC5. The potential of µsPEF exposures to control nucleocytoplasmic transport unlocks future opportunities in epigenetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary L. Thompson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
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Attia N, Mashal M, Puras G, Pedraz JL. Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Gene Delivery Tool: Promise, Problems, and Prospects. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:843. [PMID: 34200425 PMCID: PMC8229096 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-based approach in gene therapy arises as a promising strategy to provide safe, targeted, and efficient gene delivery. Owing to their unique features, as homing and tumor-tropism, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently been introduced as an encouraging vehicle in gene therapy. Nevertheless, non-viral transfer of nucleic acids into MSCs remains limited due to various factors related to the main stakeholders of the process (e.g., nucleic acids, carriers, or cells). In this review, we have summarized the main types of nucleic acids used to transfect MSCs, the pros and cons, and applications of each. Then, we have emphasized on the most efficient lipid-based carriers for nucleic acids to MSCs, their main features, and some of their applications. While a myriad of studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential for engineered MSCs therapy in various illnesses, optimization for clinical use is an ongoing challenge. On the way of improvement, genetically modified MSCs have been combined with various novel techniques and tools (e.g., exosomes, spheroids, 3D-Bioprinting, etc.,) aiming for more efficient and safe applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Attia
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.); (M.M.)
- Department of Basic Sciences, The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda
- The Center of Research and Evaluation, The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mashal
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.); (M.M.)
- The Center of Research and Evaluation, The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda
| | - Gustavo Puras
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.); (M.M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (N.A.); (M.M.)
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Luisi K, Morabito KM, Burgomaster KE, Sharma M, Kong WP, Foreman BM, Patel S, Fisher B, Aleshnick MA, Laliberte J, Wallace M, Ruckwardt TJ, Gordon DN, Linton C, Ruggiero N, Cohen JL, Johnson R, Aggarwal K, Ko SY, Yang ES, Pelc RS, Dowd KA, O’Hagan D, Ulmer J, Mossman S, Sambor A, Lepine E, Mascola JR, Pierson TC, Graham BS, Yu D. Development of a potent Zika virus vaccine using self-amplifying messenger RNA. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba5068. [PMID: 32821824 PMCID: PMC7413734 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba5068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is the cause of a pandemic associated with microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. Currently, there are no available treatments or vaccines for ZIKV, and the development of a safe and effective vaccine is a high priority for many global health organizations. We describe the development of ZIKV vaccine candidates using the self-amplifying messenger RNA (SAM) platform technology delivered by cationic nanoemulsion (CNE) that allows bedside mixing and is particularly useful for rapid responses to pandemic outbreaks. Two immunizations of either of the two lead SAM (CNE) vaccine candidates elicited potent neutralizing antibody responses to ZIKV in mice and nonhuman primates. Both SAM (CNE) vaccines protected these animals from ZIKV challenge, with one candidate providing complete protection against ZIKV infection in nonhuman primates. The data provide a preclinical proof of concept that a SAM (CNE) vaccine candidate can rapidly elicit protective immunity against ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaitlyn M. Morabito
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine E. Burgomaster
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Wing-Pui Kong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bryant M. Foreman
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Brian Fisher
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maya A. Aleshnick
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | - Tracy J. Ruckwardt
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David N. Gordon
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sung-Youl Ko
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eun Sung Yang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Pelc
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Dowd
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Theodore C. Pierson
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Corresponding author. (D.Y.); (B.S.G.); (T.C.P.)
| | - Barney S. Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Corresponding author. (D.Y.); (B.S.G.); (T.C.P.)
| | - Dong Yu
- GSK Vaccines, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Corresponding author. (D.Y.); (B.S.G.); (T.C.P.)
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Barrett CM, McCracken R, Elmer J, Haynes KA. Components from the Human c-myb Transcriptional Regulation System Reactivate Epigenetically Repressed Transgenes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E530. [PMID: 31947658 PMCID: PMC7014047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A persistent challenge for mammalian cell engineering is the undesirable epigenetic silencing of transgenes. Foreign DNA can be incorporated into closed chromatin before and after it has been integrated into a host cell's genome. To identify elements that mitigate epigenetic silencing, we tested components from the c-myb and NF-kB transcriptional regulation systems in transiently transfected DNA and at chromosomally integrated transgenes in PC-3 and HEK 293 cells. DNA binding sites for MYB (c-myb) placed upstream of a minimal promoter enhanced expression from transiently transfected plasmid DNA. We targeted p65 and MYB fusion proteins to a chromosomal transgene, UAS-Tk-luciferase, that was silenced by ectopic Polycomb chromatin complexes. Transient expression of Gal4-MYB induced an activated state that resisted complete re-silencing. We used custom guide RNAs and dCas9-MYB to target MYB to different positions relative to the promoter and observed that transgene activation within ectopic Polycomb chromatin required proximity of dCas9-MYB to the transcriptional start site. Our report demonstrates the use of MYB in the context of the CRISPR-activation system, showing that DNA elements and fusion proteins derived from c-myb can mitigate epigenetic silencing to improve transgene expression in engineered cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra M. Barrett
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
| | - Reilly McCracken
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, 217 White Hall, 800 East Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA; (R.M.); (J.E.)
| | - Jacob Elmer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, 217 White Hall, 800 East Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA; (R.M.); (J.E.)
| | - Karmella A. Haynes
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Peng L, Wagner E. Polymeric Carriers for Nucleic Acid Delivery: Current Designs and Future Directions. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3613-3626. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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van Weert LTCM, Buurstede JC, Sips HCM, Mol IM, Puri T, Damsteegt R, Roozendaal B, Sarabdjitsingh RA, Meijer OC. Mechanistic Insights in NeuroD Potentiation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1575. [PMID: 30934833 PMCID: PMC6479562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)-mediated signaling in the brain has been suggested as a protective factor in the development of psychopathology, in particular mood disorders. We recently identified genomic loci at which either MR or the closely related glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binds selectively, and found members of the NeuroD transcription factor family to be specifically associated with MR-bound DNA in the rat hippocampus. We show here using forebrain-specific MR knockout mice that GR binding to MR/GR joint target loci is not affected in any major way in the absence of MR. Neurod2 binding was also independent of MR binding. Moreover, functional comparison with MyoD family members indicates that it is the chromatin remodeling aspect of NeuroD, rather than its direct stimulation of transcription, that is responsible for potentiation of MR-mediated transcription. These findings suggest that NeuroD acts in a permissive way to enhance MR-mediated transcription, and they argue against competition for DNA binding as a mechanism of MR- over GR-specific binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa T C M van Weert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jacobus C Buurstede
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Hetty C M Sips
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Isabel M Mol
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Tanvi Puri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ruth Damsteegt
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Benno Roozendaal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - R Angela Sarabdjitsingh
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Peeler DJ, Sellers DL, Pun SH. pH-Sensitive Polymers as Dynamic Mediators of Barriers to Nucleic Acid Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 30:350-365. [PMID: 30398844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The nonviral delivery of exogenous nucleic acids (NA) into cells for therapeutic purposes has rapidly matured into tangible clinical impact. Synthetic polymers are particularly attractive vectors for NA delivery due to their relatively inexpensive production compared to viral alternatives and their highly tailorable chemical properties; indeed, many preclinical investigations have revealed the primary biological barriers to nonviral NA delivery by systematically varying polymeric material properties. This review focuses on applications of pH-sensitive chemistries that enable polymeric vectors to serially address multiple biological barriers to NA delivery. In particular, we focus on recent innovations with in vivo evaluation that dynamically enable colloidal stability, cellular uptake, endosomal escape, and nucleic acid release. We conclude with a summary of successes to date and projected areas for impactful future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Peeler
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Drew L Sellers
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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