Cationic nanoparticles-based approaches for immune tolerance induction in vivo

Cationic Lipid-Assisted PEG-b-PLA Nanoparticles Achieve Long-Lasting Targeted Delivery of Natural Hydrophobic Antioxidants

Natural hydrophobic antioxidants (e.g., β-carotene and naringenin) are severely limited in their application due to their low solubility and high sensitivity properties. In this study, cationic lipid-assisted nanoparticles loaded with β-carotene (NP-BC) and naringenin (NP-NAR), respectively, were fabricated and characterized, and their digestive and metabolic behaviors were evaluated using static digestion models and in vivo imaging. The particle size and potential of cationic polymer nanoparticles changed during digestion but retained their structural integrity, which was conducive to targeted drug delivery to the liver and prolonged the in vivo circulation of the drug. It is noteworthy that whereas NP-BC was more advantageous in lowering hepatic fat deposition, NP-NAR successfully limited weight gain. This study proved that cationic polymer nanoparticles are promising carriers for transporting natural hydrophobic antioxidants and may be beneficial for improving nutrition absorption and targeted delivery to alleviate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) symptoms.

A Cross-talk between Nanomedicines and Cardiac Complications: Comprehensive View

Background:

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, necessitating innovative approaches for both therapeutics and diagnostics. Nanoscience has emerged as a promising frontier in addressing the complexities of CVDs.

Objective:

This study aims to explorethe interaction of CVDs and Nanomedicine (NMs), focusing on applications in therapeutics and diagnostics.

Observations:

In the realm of therapeutics, nanosized drug delivery systems exhibit unique advantages, such as enhanced drug bioavailability, targeted delivery, and controlled release. NMs platform, including liposomes, nanoparticles, and carriers, allows the precise drug targeting to the affected cardiovascular tissues with minimum adverse effects and maximum therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, nanomaterial (NM) enables the integration of multifunctional components, such as therapeutic agents and target ligands, into a single system for comprehensive CVD management. Diagnostic fronts of NMs offer innovative solutions for early detection and monitoring of CVDs. Nanoparticles and nanosensors enable highly sensitive and specific detection of Cardiac biomarkers, providing valuable insights into a disease state, its progression, therapeutic outputs, etc. Further, nano-based technology via imaging modalities offers high high-resolution imaging, aiding in the vascularization of cardiovascular structures and abnormalities. Nanotechnology-based imaging modalities offer high-resolution imaging and aid in the visualization of cardiovascular structures and abnormalities.

Conclusion:

The cross-talk of CVDs and NMs holds tremendous potential for revolutionizing cardiovascular healthcare by providing targeted and efficient therapeutic interventions, as well as sensitive and early detection for the improvement of patient health if integrated with Artificial Intelligence (AI).

A Cross-talk between Nanomedicines and Cardiac Complications: Comprehensive View

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, necessitating innovative approaches for both therapeutics and diagnostics. Nanoscience has emerged as a promising frontier in addressing the complexities of CVDs.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore the interaction of CVDs and Nanomedicine (NMs), focusing on applications in therapeutics and diagnostics.

OBSERVATIONS

In the realm of therapeutics, nanosized drug delivery systems exhibit unique advantages, such as enhanced drug bioavailability, targeted delivery, and controlled release. NMs platform, including liposomes, nanoparticles, and carriers, allows the precise drug targeting to the affected cardiovascular tissues with minimum adverse effects and maximum therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, Nanomaterial (NM) enables the integration of multifunctional components, such as therapeutic agents and target ligands, into a single system for comprehensive CVD management. Diagnostic fronts of NMs offer innovative solutions for early detection and monitoring of CVDs. Nanoparticles and nanosensors enable highly sensitive and specific detection of Cardiac biomarkers, providing valuable insights into a disease state, its progression, therapeutic outputs, etc. Further, nano-based technology via imaging modalities offers high high-resolution imaging, aiding in the vascularization of cardiovascular structures and abnormalities. Nanotechnology-based imaging modalities offer high-resolution imaging and aid in the visualization of cardiovascular structures and abnormalities.

CONCLUSION

The cross-talk of CVDs and NMs holds tremendous potential for revolutionizing cardiovascular healthcare by providing targeted and efficient therapeutic interventions, as well as sensitive and early detection for the improvement of patient health if integrated with Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Intestinal probiotic-based nanoparticles for cytotoxic siRNA delivery in immunotherapy against cancer

Immunogene therapy has emerged as strategy against cancer by introducing immune-stimulating components into gene therapy. However, there is still a need for an ideal platform to achieve both immune stimulation and efficient gene delivery. Lactobacillus reuteri has potential immunomodulatory activity owing to its unique antigenicity, which is potentially relevant to cancer progression. Here, we designed a novel non-viral siRNA vector (DMPLAC) by encapsulating Lactobacillus reuteri lysate in DMP. DMPLAC can promote maturation and activation of immune cells, increase infiltration of APC and cytotoxic T cells in tumor microenvironment, and exhibit tumor suppressive effects. Loading of siRNA targeting Stat3, DMPLAC/siStat3 further inhibits tumor in multiple models. We designed a strategy that combines immune activation with Stat3 silencing, triggering an immune response and tumor killing. This dual-functional design provides a new choice in development of effective immunogene therapy.

Size matters: Altering antigen specific immune tolerance by tuning size of particles

Precisely co-delivering antigens and immunosuppressants via nano/microcarriers to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance represents a highly promising strategy for treating or preventing autoimmune diseases. The physicochemical properties of nano/microcarriers play a pivotal role in regulating immune function, with particle size and surface charge emerging as crucial parameters. In particular, very few studies have investigated micron-scale carriers of antigens. Herein, various nanoparticles and microparticles (NPs/MPs) with diverse particle sizes (ranging from 200 nm to 5 μm) and surface charges were prepared. Antigen peptides (MOG35-55) and immunosuppressants were encapsulated in these particles to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance. Two emulsifiers, PVA and PEMA, were employed to confer different surface charges to the NPs/MPs. The in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that NP/MP-PEMA could induce immune tolerance earlier than NP/MP-PVA and that NP/MP-PVA could induce immune tolerance more slowly and sustainably, indicating that highly negatively charged particles can induce immune tolerance more rapidly. Among the different sizes and charged particles tested, 200-nm-NP-PVA and 3-μm-MP-PEMA induced the greatest immune tolerance. In addition, the combination of NPs with MPs can further improve the induction of immune tolerance. In particular, combining 200 nm-NP-PVA with 3 μm-MP-PEMA or combining 500 nm-NP-PEMA with 3 μm-MP-PVA had optimal therapeutic efficacy. This study offers a new perspective for treating diseases by combining NPs with MPs and applying different emulsifiers to prepare NPs and MPs.