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Shaik RS, Yareeda S, Barathidasan GS, Anand V. An Unusual and a Rare Cause of Toxic Optic Neuropathy - Closantel Toxicity. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2024; 27:220-222. [PMID: 38751932 PMCID: PMC11093166 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_1022_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Sultana Shaik
- Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, Indi, India
| | - Sireesha Yareeda
- Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, Indi, India
| | | | - Varun Anand
- Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, Indi, India
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O Leary E, Gasior S, McElnea E. Closantel toxicity. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e249626. [PMID: 36759042 PMCID: PMC9923259 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Closantel is a broad-spectrum antihelminthic agent. It is a veterinary drug used only in animals-usually cattle, sheep and goats. A man in his 60s accidentally ingested approximately 1500 mg closantel. His visual acuity deteriorated. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed disruption of the outer retinal layers. Electroretinography identified abnormalities in macula and inner retinal function. He received methylprednisolone 1 g daily intravenously for 3 days. Improvements in both his visual acuity and OCT appearance followed. This case illustrates the profoundly destructive effect of this drug on humans even when consumed in low dose. We provide a concise summary of the small number of cases of closantel toxicity in humans, previously reported, for future reference as needed by others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear O Leary
- Ophthalmology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sara Gasior
- Ophthalmology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
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3
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Anthelmintic intoxication in goats and sheep: A systematic review. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:657-662. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Saleh B, Li L, Chen X, Li J, Jiang Data analysis S, Liu R, He L. Determination of closantel enantiomers in black goat plasma and their pharmacokinetic characteristics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1210:123414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Behboudi H, Alizadeh Y, Medghalchi A, Soltani-Moghadam R, Azaripour E, Moravvej Z. Closantel retinal toxicity: Recovery from severe vision loss after corticosteroid therapy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2022:11206721221111887. [PMID: 35799445 DOI: 10.1177/11206721221111887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a relatively rare case of retinal toxicity and consequent severe vision loss due to Closantel ingestion. CASE REPORT A 37-year-old female presented with sudden painless decrease vision in both eyes. She had no previous history of medical disease and denied any trauma. The patient had accidentally ingested Closantel a few days prior to presentation. Closantel is a veterinary anti-helminthic drug used mainly in livestock. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation was 20/200 bilaterally. There was no relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and red saturation test was normal. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed disruption in the outer retinal layer and ellipsoid zone in both eyes. A diagnosis of retinal toxicity due to Closantel was made and the patient was started on 1 mg/kg oral prednisolone acetate. On the 45th day after presentation, her BCVA had improved to 20/20 bilaterally. CONCLUSION Closantel is a potentially toxic drug causing destruction of the neurosensory retina and visual disturbances. We suggest eye-care personnel awareness regarding the risk of Closantel-induced retinal toxicity and prompt treatment with systemic steroids should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Behboudi
- Eye Research Center, Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, 37554Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Yousef Alizadeh
- Eye Research Center, Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, 37554Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Medghalchi
- Eye Research Center, Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, 37554Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Soltani-Moghadam
- Eye Research Center, Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, 37554Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Azaripour
- Eye Research Center, Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, 37554Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Moravvej
- Eye Research Center, Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, 37554Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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6
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Hunt H, Dittmer KE, Garrick DJ, Fairley RA, Heap SJ, Jolly RD. An inherited night blindness in Wiltshire sheep. Vet Pathol 2022; 59:310-318. [PMID: 34974772 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211067461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Twelve cases of adult-onset blindness were identified in a flock of 130 polled Wiltshire sheep in New Zealand over a 3-year period. Affected sheep developed night blindness between 2 and 3 years of age, which progressed to complete blindness by 4 to 5 years of age. Fundic examination findings included progressive tapetal hyperreflectivity and attenuation of retinal blood vessels. Histologically, the retinas had a selective loss of rod photoreceptors with initial preservation of cone photoreceptors. Retinal degeneration was not accompanied by any other ocular or central nervous system abnormalities, and pedigree analysis suggested an inherited basis for the disease. Mating an affected Wiltshire ram to 2 affected Wiltshire ewes resulted in 6 progeny that all developed retinal degeneration by 2 years of age, while mating of the same affected ram to 6 unaffected ewes resulted in 8 unaffected progeny, consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. Homozygosity mapping of 5 affected Wiltshire sheep and 1 unaffected Wiltshire sheep using an OvineSNP50 Genotyping BeadChip revealed an identical-by-descent region on chromosome 5, but none of the genes within this region were considered plausible candidate genes. Whole-genome sequencing of 2 affected sheep did not reveal any significant mutations in any of the genes associated with retinitis pigmentosa in humans or progressive retinal atrophy in dogs. Inherited progressive retinal degeneration affecting rod photoreceptors has not been previously reported in sheep, but this disease has several similarities to inherited retinal dystrophies in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Hunt
- Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Stephen J Heap
- McMaster and Heap Veterinary Practice, Christchurch, New Zealand
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7
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Cheraghmakani H, Jafari R, Karimpour‐razkenari E, Ghazaeian M. Reversible blindness after erroneous prescription of closantel: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e05157. [PMID: 34938546 PMCID: PMC8659543 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A 20-year-old girl was referred with vision loss upon closantel use. Plasma exchange and high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy were administered. A 2.5-year follow-up showed improved vision and increased layer thickness of the peripheral nerve fiber. Early treatment with plasma exchange and high-dose corticosteroid therapy can be beneficial to reverse closantel toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Cheraghmakani
- Department of NeurologyFaculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Department of OphthalmologyFaculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | | | - Monireh Ghazaeian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterDepartment of Clinical PharmacyFaculty of PharmacyMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
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8
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Closantel Retinal Toxicity: Case Report and Literature Review. Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2021; 2021:4832965. [PMID: 34094608 PMCID: PMC8163541 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4832965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 57-year-old shepherd was referred with a 2-week history of decreased visual acuity in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) revealed diffuse outer nuclear layer hyperreflectivity and indistinguishable external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone. The patient announced to us that he took two 500 mg of closantel tablets (15.15 mg/kg) three days before the initiation of visual problems for sore throat as an antibiotic. Electroretinography displayed severely attenuated responses in both eyes. We decided to admit the patient with the presumed diagnosis of closantel retinal toxicity and treated him with intravenous methylprednisolone 1 g per day and intravenous erythropoietin 10000 IU twice a day, and reevaluation of the patient proved no change in his visual acuity on the third day of admission. Closantel is a veterinary drug with serious side effects in the human retina and central nervous system even in previously reported doses. Public awareness and appropriate drug labeling about its side effects could prevent accidental toxicity. OCT is a noninvasive and rapid diagnostic modality that should be done in suspected toxic retinopathy.
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Fairweather I, Brennan GP, Hanna REB, Robinson MW, Skuce PJ. Drug resistance in liver flukes. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2020; 12:39-59. [PMID: 32179499 PMCID: PMC7078123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver flukes include Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica, Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis spp., Fascioloides magna, Gigantocotyle explanatum and Dicrocoelium spp. The two main species, F. hepatica and F. gigantica, are major parasites of livestock and infections result in huge economic losses. As with C. sinensis, Opisthorchis spp. and Dicrocoelium spp., they affect millions of people worldwide, causing severe health problems. Collectively, the group is referred to as the Food-Borne Trematodes and their true significance is now being more widely recognised. However, reports of resistance to triclabendazole (TCBZ), the most widely used anti-Fasciola drug, and to other current drugs are increasing. This is a worrying scenario. In this review, progress in understanding the mechanism(s) of resistance to TCBZ is discussed, focusing on tubulin mutations, altered drug uptake and changes in drug metabolism. There is much interest in the development of new drugs and drug combinations, the re-purposing of non-flukicidal drugs, and the development of new drug formulations and delivery systems; all this work will be reviewed. Sound farm management practices also need to be put in place, with effective treatment programmes, so that drugs can be used wisely and their efficacy conserved as much as is possible. This depends on reliable advice being given by veterinarians and other advisors. Accurate diagnosis and identification of drug-resistant fluke populations is central to effective control: to determine the actual extent of the problem and to determine how well or otherwise a treatment has worked; for research on establishing the mechanism of resistance (and identifying molecular markers of resistance); for informing treatment options; and for testing the efficacy of new drug candidates. Several diagnostic methods are available, but there are no recommended guidelines or standardised protocols in place and this is an issue that needs to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fairweather
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen's University of Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, UK.
| | - G P Brennan
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen's University of Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, UK
| | - R E B Hanna
- Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Stormont, Belfast, BT4 3SD, UK
| | - M W Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen's University of Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, UK
| | - P J Skuce
- Disease Control, Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
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Guvvala PR, Ravindra JP, Selvaraju S. Impact of environmental contaminants on reproductive health of male domestic ruminants: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3819-3836. [PMID: 31845245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants are gaining more attention in the livestock sector lately due to their harmful effects on productivity and fertility of livestock. Recent research indicates that many domestic ruminants are becoming subfertile/infertile due to confounding reasons associated with management. Contaminants like metals, metalloids, herbicides, pesticides, insecticides, chemicals, or natural contaminants are present everywhere in day to day life and are becoming a threat to the livestock. Studies on a broad-spectrum of animals suggest that high doses of acute or low doses of chronic exposure to the contaminants lead to disruption of multi-organs/systems including reproductive function. The lowered reproductive efficiency in animals is attributed to the endocrine disruptor activities of the environmental contaminants on the gonads, affecting gametogenesis and steroidogenesis. In vitro studies on testicular cells and the semen suggest that spermatozoa are more susceptible to damage by environmental contaminants. The quality of the semen happens to be a critical factor in the livestock industry. Contaminants affecting gametogenesis and steroidogenesis may lead to devastating consequences to the livestock reproduction, and thus the production. However, there is a lack of collective data on the effect of such environmental contaminants on the fertility of male domestic ruminants. This review discusses the studies related to the impact of environmental contaminants on male fertility in large (bull and buffalo) and small (sheep and goat) ruminants by focusing on the underlying molecular interactions between the contaminants and gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Rani Guvvala
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India.
| | - Janivara Parameswaraiah Ravindra
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India
| | - Sellappan Selvaraju
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India
- ICAR-National Fellow, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India
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Venkatesh R, Pereira A, Aseem A, Yadav NK. Commentary: Closantel - A lesser-known evil. Indian J Ophthalmol 2019; 67:1771-1772. [PMID: 31546561 PMCID: PMC6786195 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1150_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Venkatesh
- Department of Retina-Vitreous, Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arpitha Pereira
- Department of Retina-Vitreous, Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditya Aseem
- Department of Retina-Vitreous, Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Retina-Vitreous, Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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12
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Castillo-Alcala F, Brown S, Crawshaw T, Laven RA, Riddle G, Lizarraga I. Urine retention in cattle putatively associated with injection of an ivermectin and closantel anthelmintic formulation into the ischiorectal fossa. N Z Vet J 2019; 67:148-154. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2019.1581112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Castillo-Alcala
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - S Brown
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - T Crawshaw
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Current address: School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Charles Sturt University, North Wagga, Australia
| | - RA Laven
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - G Riddle
- Bay of Islands Veterinary Services, Waipapa, New Zealand
| | - I Lizarraga
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Otter A, Bell S, Loewenstein N, Hemingway J, Floyd T, Wessels M. Closantel toxicity in ewes through drinking cattle pour-on. Vet Rec 2019; 183:540-541. [PMID: 30389879 DOI: 10.1136/vr.k4453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Otter
- APHA Shrewsbury, Kendal Road, Shrewsbury SY1 4HD
| | - Suzi Bell
- APHA Shrewsbury, Kendal Road, Shrewsbury SY1 4HD
| | | | - John Hemingway
- The Depot, Shropshire Farm Vets, Hanwood, Shrewsbury SY5 8NY
| | - Toby Floyd
- APHA Weybridge, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB
| | - Mark Wessels
- Finn Pathologists, The School House, One Eyed Lane, Weybread, Diss, Suffolk IP21 5TT
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Asoklis R, Cimbalas A, Augyte A, Jasinskiene E, Strupaite R. Late ocular changes after closantel poisoning in five women. Eye (Lond) 2018; 32:1800-1802. [PMID: 30076367 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rimvydas Asoklis
- Vilnius University, Department of Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye, Centre of Eye Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Andrius Cimbalas
- Vilnius University, Department of Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye, Centre of Eye Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aiste Augyte
- Vilnius University, Department of Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye, Centre of Eye Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ernesta Jasinskiene
- Vilnius University, Department of Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye, Centre of Eye Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Strupaite
- Vilnius University, Department of Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye, Centre of Eye Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Suspect drug interaction in gimmers. Vet Rec 2017; 181:284-288. [PMID: 28916690 DOI: 10.1136/vr.j4150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Suspect serious adverse event associated with vaccination in gimmersMultiple congenital defects in a stillborn calfSuspected alpha mannosidosis in a bovine fetusClostridial myocarditis in a two-week-old lambOtitis media in pigs These are among matters discussed in the disease surveillance report for May 2017 from SAC Consulting: Veterinary Services (SAC C VS).
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Granados-Durán P, López-Ávalos MD, Cifuentes M, Pérez-Martín M, Fernández-Arjona MDM, Hughes TR, Johnson K, Morgan BP, Fernández-Llebrez P, Grondona JM. Microbial Neuraminidase Induces a Moderate and Transient Myelin Vacuolation Independent of Complement System Activation. Front Neurol 2017; 8:78. [PMID: 28326060 PMCID: PMC5339270 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Some central nervous system pathogens express neuraminidase (NA) on their surfaces. In the rat brain, a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of NA induces myelin vacuolation in axonal tracts. Here, we explore the nature, the time course, and the role of the complement system in this damage. METHODS The spatiotemporal analysis of myelin vacuolation was performed by optical and electron microscopy. Myelin basic protein-positive area and oligodendrocyte transcription factor (Olig2)-positive cells were quantified in the damaged bundles. Neuronal death in the affected axonal tracts was assessed by Fluoro-Jade B and anti-caspase-3 staining. To evaluate the role of the complement, membrane attack complex (MAC) deposition on damaged bundles was analyzed using anti-C5b9. Rats ICV injected with the anaphylatoxin C5a were studied for myelin damage. In addition, NA-induced vacuolation was studied in rats with different degrees of complement inhibition: normal rats treated with anti-C5-blocking antibody and C6-deficient rats. RESULTS The stria medullaris, the optic chiasm, and the fimbria were the most consistently damaged axonal tracts. Vacuolation peaked 7 days after NA injection and reverted by day 15. Olig2+ cell number in the damaged tracts was unaltered, and neurodegeneration associated with myelin alterations was not detected. MAC was absent on damaged axonal tracts, as revealed by C5b9 immunostaining. Rats ICV injected with the anaphylatoxin C5a displayed no myelin injury. When the complement system was experimentally or constitutively inhibited, NA-induced myelin vacuolation was similar to that observed in normal rats. CONCLUSION Microbial NA induces a moderate and transient myelin vacuolation that is not caused either by neuroinflammation or complement system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Granados-Durán
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga , Málaga , Spain
| | - María Dolores López-Ávalos
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga , Málaga , Spain
| | - Manuel Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER BBN, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Margarita Pérez-Martín
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga , Málaga , Spain
| | - María Del Mar Fernández-Arjona
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga , Málaga , Spain
| | - Timothy R Hughes
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
| | | | - B Paul Morgan
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
| | - Pedro Fernández-Llebrez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga , Málaga , Spain
| | - Jesús M Grondona
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga , Málaga , Spain
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Diseases of the Nervous System. Vet Med (Auckl) 2017. [PMCID: PMC7322266 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-5246-0.00014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Tabatabaei SA, Soleimani M, Mansouri MR, Mirshahi A, Inanlou B, Abrishami M, Pakrah AR, Masarat H. Closantel; a veterinary drug with potential severe morbidity in humans. BMC Ophthalmol 2016; 16:207. [PMID: 27899086 PMCID: PMC5129234 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Closantel is a halogenated salicylanilide with a potent anti parasitic activity. It is widely used in management of parasitic infestation in animals, but is contraindicated in humans. CASE PRESENTATION A 34-year-old man with depression was referred to our center with progressive loss of vision in both eyes 10 days after unintentional ingestion of three 500 mg tablets of Closantel. On fundus examination, left optic disc margin was blurred. His bilateral visual acuity was no light perception (NLP) despite prescribed IV erythropoietin injections 20,000 units daily for 3 days and 1gr intravenous methylprednisolone acetate for 3 days followed by 1 mg/kg oral prednisolone. On macular optical coherence tomography (OCT), a disruption in outer retina was observed. Electroretinogram and visual evoked potential tests showed visual pathway involvement. CONCLUSIONS Destruction of neurosensory retina and visual pathways after accidental Closantel use is related to severe visual loss. This case alerts us about the destructive effect of this drug on humans even in low dosage which necessitates preventive efforts to reduce the chance of this morbid side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Tabatabaei
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soleimani
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Mansouri
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mirshahi
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Inanlou
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Abrishami
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Pakrah
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Masarat
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cinici E, Cetin N, Suleyman B, Altuner D, Yarali O, Balta H, Calik I, Tumkaya L, Suleyman H. Gene expression and histopathological evaluation of thiamine pyrophosphate on optic neuropathy induced with ethambutol in rats. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:1390-1395. [PMID: 27803853 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.10.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the effects of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and thiamine (TM) in oxidative optic neuropathy in rats induced by ethambutol. METHODS The animals were divided into four groups: a control group (CG), an ethambutol control (ETC) group, TM plus ethambutol group (TMG), and TPP plus ethambutol group (TPPG). One hour after intraperitoneal administration of TM 20 mg/kg to the TMG group and TPP 20 mg/kg to TPPG group, 30 mg/kg ethambutol was given via gavage to all the groups but the CG. This procedure was repeated once daily for 90d. After that period, all rats were exposed to high levels of anaesthesia in order to investigate the gene expression of malondialdehyde and glutathione in removed optic nerve tissue and histopathologically to examine these tissues. RESULTS Malondialdehyde gene expression significantly increased, whereas glutathione gene expression significantly decreased in the ETC group compared to the CG. TM could not prevent the increase of malondialdehyde gene expression and the decrease of glutathione, while TPP significantly could suppress. Histopathologically, significant vacuolization in the optic nerve, single-cell necrosis in the glial cells, and a decrease in oligodendrocytes were observed in the ETC group. Vacuolization in the optic nerve, a decrease in oligodendrocytes and single-cell necrosis were found in the TMG group, while no pathological finding was observed in the TPPG group except for mild vacuolization. CONCLUSION TPP protects the optic nerve against the ethambutol-induced toxicity but TM does not. TPP can be beneficial in prophilaxis of optic neuropathy in ethambutol therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Cinici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erzurum Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25100, Turkey
| | - Nihal Cetin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
| | - Bahadir Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
| | - Durdu Altuner
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Yarali
- Department of Medical Genetics, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul 34730, Turkey
| | - Hilal Balta
- Department of Pathology, Erzurum Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25100, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Calik
- Department of Pathology, Erzurum Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25100, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
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Efficacy of closantel against ivermectin- and fenbendazole-resistant Haemonchus sp. in sheep in Ontario, Canada. Vet Parasitol 2016; 228:30-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Duncan ID, Radcliff AB. Inherited and acquired disorders of myelin: The underlying myelin pathology. Exp Neurol 2016; 283:452-75. [PMID: 27068622 PMCID: PMC5010953 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Remyelination is a major therapeutic goal in human myelin disorders, serving to restore function to demyelinated axons and providing neuroprotection. The target disorders that might be amenable to the promotion of this repair process are diverse and increasing in number. They range primarily from those of genetic, inflammatory to toxic origin. In order to apply remyelinating strategies to these disorders, it is essential to know whether the myelin damage results from a primary attack on myelin or the oligodendrocyte or both, and whether indeed these lead to myelin breakdown and demyelination. In some disorders, myelin sheath abnormalities are prominent but demyelination does not occur. This review explores the range of human and animal disorders where myelin pathology exists and focusses on defining the myelin changes in each and their cause, to help define whether they are targets for myelin repair therapy. We reviewed myelin disorders of the CNS in humans and animals. Myelin damage results from primary attack on the oligodendrocyte or myelin sheath. All major categories of disease can affect CNS myelin. Myelin vacuolation is common, yet does not always result in demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D Duncan
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
| | - Abigail B Radcliff
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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22
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Rivero R, Matto C, Soares MP, Adrien MDL. Accidental and experimental Closantel intoxication in Uruguayan sheep. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2015000700001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract An outbreak of Closantel intoxication in sheep in Uruguay is described. The outbreak occurred in a group of 1300 weaning lambs treated orally with a 10% solution of Closantel. One hundred forty eight lambs showed clinical signs of intoxication and 14 died. The clinical signs included mydriasis, nystagmus, and negative pupillary reflex, bilateral blindness, bump into objects, and lateral movement of the head. No macroscopic lesions were observed. The histological lesions of the retina were cytoplasmic vacuolization in ganglion cells and in cells of the inner and outer nuclear layers with different degrees of atrophy. Vacuolization and axonal degeneration were observed in the optic nerve, with multifocal areas of fibrosis and infiltration by lymphocytes and Gitter cells. To reproduce the intoxication, four sheep were given two, four and 10 times the therapeutic dose of Closantel (0.1g/kg of BW). Only the animals receiving 10 times the recommended dose showed clinical signs. The histological examination of the lesions in experimental sheep showed similar results to those described in the accidental outbreak, except for the absence of optic nerve fibrosis and inflammation, characterizing an acute phase. Axonal myelin sheaths loss, fibroblasts and collagen fibers were observed in the ultrastructural study of the optic nerve of accidental intoxicated animals. The optic nerve of experimentally intoxicated animals had vacuoles that separated the myelin sheaths of axons. To prevent outbreaks it is suggested to weigh the animals before Closantel administration to avoid errors in dose calculation.
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23
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Snoj T, Cebulj-Kadunc N, Kobal S. Does closantel in therapeutic doses display thyroid hormone-like activity in sheep? J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2014; 38:297-300. [PMID: 25410724 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to define the thyroid hormone-like activity of closantel in sheep by measuring some blood parameters that are known to be influenced by thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Our hypothesis was that, if closantel possesses thyroid hormone-like activity, its use under in vivo conditions will result in changes similar to those in hyperthyroidism. The study was conducted in 20 Jezersko-Solchava breed sheep. Blood sampling was performed before and 10 days after routine anthelmintic treatment with closantel. Complete blood count, plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, protein, and albumin levels, as well as those of serum T3 and T4, were compared before and 10 days after closantel administration. This routine anthelmintic treatment of sheep with closantel did not significantly influence hematological parameters, thyroid hormone levels, or most of the biochemical parameters. No evidence was found for thyroid hormone-like activity of closantel in sheep. However, significantly (P < 0.01) elevated levels of plasma triglycerides were present 10 days after closantel administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Snoj
- Institute of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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24
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Hannon FP, Ellis KA, Guevar J, Marchesi F, Geraghty T, Leach JDG. Closantel toxicity in a pregnant ewe at mid gestation: the pathological evaluation of the ewe and lamb nine months later. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2014-000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fergus Patrick Hannon
- Scottish Centre for Production Animal Health and Food SafetySchool of Veterinary MedicineCollege of Medical Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of Glasgow
| | - Kathryn Amanda Ellis
- Scottish Centre for Production Animal Health and Food SafetySchool of Veterinary MedicineCollege of Medical Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of Glasgow
| | - Julien Guevar
- School of Veterinary MedicineCollege of Medical Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowBearsden RoadGlasgowG61 1QHUK
| | - Francesco Marchesi
- School of Veterinary MedicineCollege of Medical Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowBearsden RoadGlasgowG61 1QHUK
| | - Timothy Geraghty
- Scottish Centre for Production Animal Health and Food SafetySchool of Veterinary MedicineCollege of Medical Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of Glasgow
| | - Joshua David George Leach
- School of Veterinary MedicineCollege of Medical Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowBearsden RoadGlasgowG61 1QHUK
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25
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Crilly JP, Pozo J, Scott PR, Wilson DJ, Sargison ND, Truyers I. Retinopathy and optic neuropathy following closantel treatment of ewes. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2014-000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Patrick Crilly
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH25 9RG
| | - Jorge Pozo
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH25 9RG
| | - Philip R Scott
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH25 9RG
| | - David J Wilson
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH25 9RG
| | - Neil D Sargison
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH25 9RG
| | - Isabelle Truyers
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH25 9RG
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